Tarikh (al-Tabari) 687
The reports of the Jewish rabbis, Christian monks, and soothsayers and their glad tidings of the sending of the Beloved of the Most Merciful ﷺ
[ قَذْفُ الْجِنِّ بِالشُّهُبِ، وَآيَةُ ذَلِكَ عَلَى مَبْعَثِهِ ﷺ ] فَلَمَّا تَقَارَبَ أَمْرُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَحَضَرَ مَبْعَثُهُ، حُجِبَتْ الشَّيَاطِينُ عَنْ السَّمْعِ، وَحِيلَ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ الْمَقَاعِدِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ تَقْعُدُ لِاسْتِرَاقِ السَّمْعِ فِيهَا، فَرُمُوا بِالنُّجُومِ، فَعَرَفَتْ الْجِنُّ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ لِأَمْرٍ حَدَثَ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ فِي الْعِبَادِ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى لِنَبِيِّهِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ حَيْنَ بَعَثَهُ، وَهُوَ يَقُصُّ عَلَيْهِ خَبَرَ الْجِنِّ إذْ حُجِبُوا عَنْ السَّمْعِ، فَعَرَفُوا مَا عَرَفُوا، وَمَا أَنْكَرُوا مِنْ ذَلِكَ حَيْنَ رَأَوْا مَا رَأَوْا: قُلْ أُوحِيَ إِلَيَّ أَنَّهُ اسْتَمَعَ نَفَرٌ مِنَ الْجِنِّ فَقَالُوا إِنَّا سَمِعْنَا قُرْآنًا عَجَبًا يَهْدِي إِلَى الرُّشْدِ فَآمَنَّا بِهِ وَلَنْ نُشْرِكَ بِرَبِّنَا أَحَدًا وَأَنَّهُ تَعَالَى جَدُّ رَبِّنَا مَا اتَّخَذَ صَاحِبَةً وَلَا وَلَدًا وَأَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ سَفِيهُنَا عَلَى اللَّهِ شَطَطًا وَأَنَّا ظَنَنَّا أَنْ لَنْ تَقُولَ الْإِنْسُ وَالْجِنُّ عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا وَأَنَّهُ كَانَ رِجَالٌ مِنَ الْإِنْسِ يَعُوذُونَ بِرِجَالٍ مِنَ الْجِنِّ فَزَادُوهُمْ رَهَقًا إلَى قَوْلِهِ: وَأَنَّا كُنَّا نَقْعُدُ مِنْهَا مَقَاعِدَ لِلسَّمْعِ فَمَنْ يَسْتَمِعِ الْآنَ يَجِدْ لَهُ شِهَابًا رَصَدًا وَأَنَّا لَا نَدْرِي أَشَرٌّ أُرِيدَ بِمَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَمْ أَرَادَ بِهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ رَشَدًا. فَلَمَّا سَمِعَتْ الْجِنُّ الْقُرْآنَ عَرَفَتْ أَنَّهَا إنَّمَا مُنِعَتْ مِنْ السَّمْعِ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ، لِئَلَّا يُشْكِلَ الْوَحْيُ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ خَبَرِ السَّمَاءِ فَيَلْتَبِسُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ مَا جَاءَهُمْ مِنْ اللَّهِ فِيهِ، لِوُقُوعِ الْحُجَّةِ، وَقَطْعِ الشُّبْهَةِ. فَآمَنُوا وَصَدَّقُوا، ثُمَّ وَلَّوْا إلَى قَوْمِهِمْ مُنْذِرِينَ قَالُوا يَا قَوْمَنَا إِنَّا سَمِعْنَا كِتَابًا أُنْزِلَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مُوسَى مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْحَقِّ وَإِلَى طَرِيقٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ الْآيَةَ. وَكَانَ قَوْلُ الْجِنِّ: وَأَنَّهُ كَانَ رِجَالٌ مِنَ الْإِنْسِ يَعُوذُونَ بِرِجَالٍ مِنَ الْجِنِّ فَزَادُوهُمْ رَهَقًا أَنَّهُ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ الْعَرَبِ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَغَيْرِهِمْ إذَا سَافَرَ فَنَزَلَ بَطْنَ وَادٍ مِنْ الْأَرْضِ لِيَبِيتَ فِيهِ، قَالَ: إنِّي أَعُوذُ بِعَزِيزِ هَذَا الْوَادِي مِنْ الْجِنِّ اللَّيْلَةَ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا فِيهِ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: الرَّهَقُ: الطُّغْيَانُ وَالسَّفَهُ. قَالَ رُؤْبَةُ بْنُ الْعَجَّاجِ: إذْ تَسْتَبِي الْهَيَّامَةُ الْمُرَهَّقَا وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي أُرْجُوزَةٍ لَهُ. وَالرَّهَقُ أَيْضًا: طَلَبُكَ الشَّيْءِ حَتَّى تَدْنُوَ مِنْهُ، فَتَأْخُذُهُ أَوْ لَا تَأْخُذُهُ. قَالَ رُؤْبَةُ بْنُ الْعَجَّاجِ يَصِفُ حَمِيرِ وَحْشٍ: بَصْبَصْنَ وَاقْشَعْرَرْنَ مِنْ خَوْفِ الرَّهَقِ وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي أُرْجُوزَةٍ لَهُ. وَالرَّهَقُ أَيْضًا: مَصْدَرٌ لِقَوْلِ الرَّجُلِ لِلرَّجُلِ: رَهِقْتُ الْإِثْمَ أَوْ الْعُسْرَ، الَّذِي أَرْهَقَتْنِي رَهَقًا شَدِيدًا، أَيْ حَمَلْتُ الْإِثْمَ أَوْ الْعُسْرَ الَّذِي حَمَلَتْنِي حَمْلًا شَدِيدًا، وَفِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: فَخَشِينَا أَنْ يُرْهِقَهُمَا طُغْيَانًا وَكُفْرًا وَقَوْلُهُ وَلَا تُرْهِقْنِي مِنْ أَمْرِي عُسْرًا \
Translation
✧ [The jinn being pelted with shooting stars, and the sign of that upon his sending ﷺ] When the affair of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ drew near and his sending approached, the devils were veiled from hearing, and a barrier was placed between them and the seats where they used to sit to eavesdrop on the hearing therein. So they were pelted with stars, and the jinn knew that this was because of some matter that had occurred from Allah's affair regarding the servants. Allah, Blessed and Exalted, says to His Prophet Muhammad ﷺ when He sent him, while recounting to him the news of the jinn when they were veiled from hearing, and they knew what they knew and did not deny that when they saw what they saw: Say: It has been revealed to me that a group of the jinn listened and said: Indeed, we have heard a wondrous Qur'an that guides to right conduct, so we have believed in it, and we will never associate anyone with our Lord. And that He—exalted is the majesty of our Lord—has taken neither a consort nor a son. And that our foolish one used to say about Allah an excessive transgression. And we thought that mankind and the jinn would never speak about Allah a lie. And that there were men from mankind who sought refuge in men from the jinn, so they increased them in burden—until His saying: And that we used to sit in seats therein for hearing, but whoever listens now will find a flaming fire lying in wait for him. And we do not know whether evil is intended for those on earth, or their Lord intends for them right guidance. So when the jinn heard the Qur'an, they knew that they had only been prevented from hearing before that, lest the revelation be confused with anything of the news of heaven and thus become mixed up for the people of the earth regarding what came to them from Allah in it, for the establishment of proof and the cutting off of doubt. So they believed and affirmed, then they turned to their people as warners, saying: O our people, we have heard a Book sent down after Moses, confirming what was before it, guiding to the truth and to a straight path—the verse. And the saying of the jinn: And that there were men from mankind who sought refuge in men from the jinn, so they increased them in burden means that a man from the Arabs, from Quraysh or others, when he traveled and alighted in the hollow of a valley of the land to spend the night there, would say: I seek refuge in the mighty one of this valley from the jinn tonight from the evil of what is in it. Ibn Hisham said: al-rahaq is tyranny and foolishness. Ru'bah b. al-ʿAjjāj said: When the wandering she-camel enslaves the one burdened And this line is in a rajaz poem of his. And al-rahaq also means your seeking something until you draw near to it, then you take it or do not take it. Ru'bah b. al-ʿAjjāj said, describing wild donkeys: They wagged their tails and shuddered from fear of rahaq And this line is in a rajaz poem of his. And al-rahaq is also the verbal noun of a man saying to a man: I have incurred sin or hardship, which has burdened me with a heavy rahaq, that is, I have borne the sin or hardship that has burdened me with a heavy bearing. And in the Book of Allah, Exalted is He: And we feared that he would burden them with tyranny and disbelief; and His saying: And do not burden me in my affair with hardship.
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