Tarikh (al-Tabari) 666
The Prophet's ﷺ Marriage to Khadijah bt. Khuwaylid ᴿᴬ
نِكَاحِهِ ﷺ خَدِيجَةَ بِنْتَ خُوَيْلِدٍ ؓ وَأَرْضَاهَا وَسَبَبُ ذَلِكَ مَا حَدَّثَهَا بِهِ غُلَامُهَا مَيْسَرَةُ وَمَا رَأَتْهُ مِنَ الْآيَاتِ وَمَا ذَكَرَهُ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ فِي الْمُبْتَدَأِ قَالَ: كَانَ لِنِسَاءِ قُرَيْشٍ عِيدٌ يَجْتَمِعْنَ فِيهِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَاجْتَمَعْنَ يَوْمًا فِيهِ فَجَاءَهُنَّ يَهُودِيٌّ فَقَالَ: يَا مَعْشَرَ نِسَاءِ قُرَيْشٍ إِنَّهُ يُوشِكُ فَيُكِنُّ نَبِيٌّ فَأَيُّكُنَّ اسْتَطَاعَتْ أَنْ تَكُونَ فِرَاشًا لَهُ فَلْتَفْعَلْ. فَحَصَبَهُ النِّسَاءُ وَقَبَّحْنَهُ وَأَغْلَظْنَ لَهُ. وَأَغْضَتْ خَدِيجَةُ عَلَى قَوْلِهِ وَلَمْ تَعْرِضْ فِيمَا عَرَضَ فِيهِ النِّسَاءُ وَوَقَرَ ذَلِكَ فِي نَفْسِهَا. فَلَمَّا أَخْبَرَهَا مَيْسَرَةُ بِمَا رَآهُ مِنَ الْآيَاتِ وَمَا رَأَتْهُ هِيَ قَالَتْ: إِنْ كَانَ مَا قَالَهُ الْيَهُودِيُّ حَقًّا مَا ذَلِكَ إِلَّا هَذَا. وَاخْتَلَفُوا فِي سَبَبِ الْخِطْبَةِ. فَعِنْدَ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيِّ فِي «الشَّرَفِ» أَنَّ خَدِيجَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ: اذْهَبْ إِلَى عَمِّكَ فَقُلْ لَهُ: عَجِّلْ إِلَيْنَا بِالْغَدَاةِ. فَلَمَّا جَاءَ قَالَتْ لَهُ: يَا أَبَا طَالِبٍ ادْخُلْ عَلَى عَمْرٍو عَمِّي فَكَلِّمْهُ يُزَوِّجُنِي مِنِ ابْنِ أَخِيكَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ. فَقَالَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ: يَا خَدِيجَةُ لَا تَسْتَهْزِئِي. فَقَالَتْ: هَذَا صُنْعُ اللَّهِ. فَقَامَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ مَعَ عَشَرَةٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ. فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ. وَعِنْدَ الزُّهْرِيِّ فِي سِيرَتِهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ دَخَلَ عَلَى خَدِيجَةَ لِيَتَحَدَّثَ عِنْدَهَا فَلَمَّا قَامَ مِنْ عِنْدِهَا جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَتْ: خَاطِبًا يَا مُحَمَّدُ؟ فَقَالَ: كَلَّا. فَقَالَتْ: وَلِمَ؟ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا فِي قُرَيْشٍ امْرَأَةٌ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ خَدِيجَةُ إِلَّا تَرَاكَ كُفْئًا لَهَا. فَرَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَاطِبًا لِخَدِيجَةَ مُسْتَحْيِيًا مِنْهَا. وَعِنْدَ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ فِي تَارِيخِهِ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: مَرَرْتُ أَنَا وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِأُخْتِ خَدِيجَةَ فَنَادَتْنِي فَانْصَرَفْتُ إِلَيْهَا وَوَقَفَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ: أَمَا لِصَاحِبِكَ هَذَا مِنْ حَاجَةٍ فِي تَزْوِيجِ خَدِيجَةَ؟ فَقَالَ عَمَّارُ: فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ. فَقَالَ: بَلَى لَعَمْرِي. فَذَكَرْتُ لَهَا، فَقَالَتْ: اغْدُوا عَلَيْنَا إِذَا أَصْبَحْنَا. فَغَدَوْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ فَوَجَدْنَاهُمْ قَدْ ذَبَحُوا بَقَرَةً وَأَلْبَسُوا خَدِيجَةَ حُلَّةً. وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ. وَعِنْدَ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ فِي الْمُبْتَدَأِ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ لَهُ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَلَا تَتَزَوَّجُ؟ قَالَ: وَمَنْ؟ قَالَتْ: أَنَا قَالَ: وَمَنْ لِي بِكِ، أَنْتِ أَيِّمُ قُرَيْشٍ وَأَنَا يَتِيمُ قُرَيْشٍ. قَالَتِ: اخْطُبْنِي. وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ. وَعِنْدَهُ فِي السِّيرَةِ: فَلَمَّا اسْتَقَرَّ عِنْدَهَا ذَلِكَ، أَيْ مَا أَخْبَرَهَا بِهِ مَيْسَرَةُ وَمَا رَأَتْهُ وَكَانَتِ امْرَأَةً حَازِمَةً شَرِيفَةً لَبِيبَةً مَعَ مَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِهَا مِنَ الْكَرَامَةِ وَالْخَيْرِ، وَهِيَ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَوْسَطُ قُرَيْشٍ نَسَبًا وَأَعْظَمُهُنَّ شَرَفًا وَأَكْثَرُهُنَّ مَالًا، وَكُلُّ قَوْمِهَا حَرِيصٌ عَلَى نِكَاحِهَا لَوْ يَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِ، وَعَرَضَتْ نَفْسَهَا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ فِيمَا يَزْعُمُونَ: إِنِّي رَغِبْتُ فِيكَ لِقَرَابَتِكَ وَسِطَتَكَ فِي قَوْمِكَ وَأَمَانَتَكَ وَحُسْنَ خُلُقِكَ. فَلَمَّا قَالَتْ لَهُ ذَلِكَ ذَكَرَهُ لِأَعْمَامِهِ. وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ. وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ نَفِيسَةَ بِنْتِ مُنْيَةً قَالَتْ: كَانَتْ خَدِيجَةُ بِنْتُ خُوَيْلِدٍ امْرَأَةً حَازِمَةً. جَلْدَةً شَرِيفَةً مَعَ مَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِهَا مِنَ الْكَرَامَةِ وَالْخَيْرِ، وَهِيَ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَوْسَطُ قُرَيْشٍ نَسَبًا وَأَعْظَمُهُمْ شَرَفًا وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ مَالًا وَكُلُّ قَوْمِهَا كَانَ حَرِيصًا عَلَى نِكَاحِهَا لَوْ قَدَرَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَدْ طَلَبُوهَا وَبَذَلُوا لَهَا الْأَمْوَالَ، فَأَرْسَلَتْنِي دَسِيسًا إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ بَعْدَ أَنْ رَجَعَ فِي عِيرِهَا مِنَ الشَّامِ فَقُلْتُ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا يَمْنَعُكَ أَنْ تَتَزَوَّجَ؟ فَقَالَ: مَا بِيَدِي مَا أَتَزَوَّجُ بِهِ. قُلْتُ: فَإِنْ كُفِيتَ ذَلِكَ وَدُعِيتَ إِلَى الْمَالِ وَالْجِمَالِ وَالشَّرَفِ وَالْكَفَاءَةِ أَلَا تُجِيبُ؟ قَالَ: فَمَنْ هِيَ؟ قُلْتُ: خَدِيجَةُ. قَالَ: وَكَيْفَ لِي بِذَلِكَ؟ قَالَتْ: قُلْتُ: عَلَيَّ. قَالَ: فَأَنَا أَفْعَلُ. فَذَهَبَتْ فَأَخْبَرَتْهَا فَذَكَرَتِ الْحَدِيثَ. قَالَتْ: فَأَرْسَلَتْ إِلَيْهِ أَنِ ائْتِ سَاعَةَ كَذَا وَكَذَا. فَحَضَرَ وَأَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى عَمِّهَا عَمْرِو بْنِ أَسَدٍ لِيُزَوِّجَهَا.
Translation
✧ The Prophet's ﷺ marriage to Khadijah bt. Khuwaylid ؓ and may He be pleased with her And the reason for that is what her servant Maysarah told her, and the signs she saw, and what Ibn Isḥāq mentioned in al-Mubtadaʾ. He said: The women of Quraysh had a festival in which they would gather in the mosque. One day they gathered there, and a Jew came to them and said: "O assembly of Qurayshite women, it is imminent that a prophet will be concealed among you. Whichever of you can be a bed for him, let her do so." The women pelted him with pebbles, reviled him, and spoke harshly to him. Khadijah lowered her gaze at his words and did not engage in what the women engaged in, and that settled in her soul. When Maysarah told her about the signs he saw and what she herself saw, she said: "If what the Jew said is true, it is none other than this one." They disagreed about the reason for the proposal. According to Abū Saʿīd al-Naysābūrī in al-Sharaf, Khadijah ؓ said to the Prophet ﷺ: "Go to your uncle and tell him: Come to us early for the morning meal." When he came, she said to him: "O Abū Ṭālib, enter upon ʿAmr, my uncle, and speak to him so that he marries me to your nephew, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh." Abū Ṭālib said: "O Khadijah, do not mock." She said: "This is God's doing." Abū Ṭālib then arose with ten of his people. And he mentioned the ḥadīth. According to al-Zuhrī in his Sīrah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered upon Khadijah to converse with her. When he rose from her presence, a woman came and said: "As a suitor, O Muḥammad?" He said: "Not at all." She said: "And why? By Allah, there is no woman in Quraysh—even if she were Khadijah—who would not regard you as a match for her." So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ returned as a suitor to Khadijah, feeling shy before her. According to Yaʿqūb b. Sufyān in his Tārīkh, on the authority of ʿAmmār, he said: I and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by Khadijah's sister. She called me, so I turned to her while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stopped for me. She said: "Does your companion here have any need regarding marrying Khadijah?" ʿAmmār said: So I informed him. He said: "Yes, by my life." I mentioned that to her, and she said: "Come to us early when morning comes." So we went to them early and found that they had slaughtered a cow and dressed Khadijah in a fine garment. And he mentioned the ḥadīth. According to Ibn Isḥāq in al-Mubtadaʾ, she said to him: "O Muḥammad, will you not marry?" He said: "And whom?" She said: "Me." He said: "And how could I have you? You are the noble widow of Quraysh, and I am the orphan of Quraysh." She said: "Ask for my hand." And he mentioned the ḥadīth. According to him in al-Sīrah: When that matter settled with her—that is, what Maysarah had told her and what she had seen, and she was a resolute, noble, and intelligent woman, along with the honor and goodness that God Almighty willed for her, and at that time she was the most central of Quraysh in lineage, the greatest of them in nobility, and the wealthiest of them. Every one of her people was eager to marry her if he could. She offered herself to the Prophet ﷺ and said to him, as they claim: "I desire you because of your kinship, your standing among your people, your trustworthiness, and your good character." When she said that to him, he mentioned it to his uncles. And he mentioned the ḥadīth. Ibn Saʿd narrated on the authority of Nafīsah bt. Munyah. She said: Khadijah bt. Khuwaylid was a resolute woman. Strong, noble, with what God willed for her of honor and goodness. At that time she was the most central of Quraysh in lineage, the greatest of them in nobility, and the wealthiest of them. Every one of her people was eager to marry her if he could. They had sought her and offered her wealth. She sent me secretly to Muḥammad after he returned with her caravan from Syria. I said: "O Muḥammad, what prevents you from marrying?" He said: "I have nothing in my hand with which to marry." I said: "If that is taken care of for you, and you are invited to wealth, beauty, nobility, and suitability, will you not respond?" He said: "Who is she?" I said: "Khadijah." He said: "And how can that be for me?" She said: I said: "It is upon me." He said: "Then I will do it." She went and informed her, and she mentioned the ḥadīth. She said: Then she sent to him: "Come at such-and-such an hour." So he came, and she sent for her uncle ʿAmr b. Asad to marry her.
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