Tarikh (al-Tabari) 653
The Birth of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and His Suckling
ذِكْرُ رَضَاعِهِ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ مِنْ حَلِيمَةَ بِنْتِ أَبِي ذُؤَيْبٍ السَّعْدِيَّةِ، وَمَا ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْبَرَكَةِ، وَآيَاتِ النُّبُوَّةِ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَاسْتُرْضِعَ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ مِنْ حَلِيمَةَ بِنْتِ أَبِي ذُؤَيْبٍ، وَاسْمُهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ شِجْنَةَ بْنِ جَابِرِ بْنِ رِزَامِ بْنِ نَاصِرَةَ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ بَكْرِ بْنِ هَوَازِنَ بْنِ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ عِكْرِمَةَ بْنِ خَصَفَةَ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ عَيْلَانَ بْنِ مُضَرَ. قَالَ: وَاسْمُ أَبِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الَّذِي أَرْضَعَهُ - يَعْنِي زَوْجَ حَلِيمَةَ - الْحَارِثُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى بْنِ رَفَاعَةِ بْنِ مَلَّانَ بْنِ نَاصِرَةَ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ بَكْرِ بْنِ هَوَازِنَ، وَإِخْوَتُهُ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ - يَعْنِي مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ - عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، وَأُنَيْسَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ، وَحُذَافَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ وَهِيَ الشَّيْمَاءُ، وَذَكَرُوا أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَحْضُنُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَعَ أُمِّهِ إِذْ كَانَ عِنْدَهُمْ. قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ حَدَّثَنِي جَهْمُ بْنُ أَبِي جَهْمٍ مَوْلًى لِاِمْرَأَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ كَانَتْ عِنْدَ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ حَاطِبٍ، وَيُقَالَ لَهُ: مَوْلَى الْحَارِثِ بْنِ حَاطِبٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ سَمِعَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ قَالَ: حُدِّثْتُ عَنْ حَلِيمَةَ ابْنَةِ الْحَارِثِ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: قَدِمْتُ مَكَّةَ فِي نِسْوَةٍ - وَذَكَرَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ أَنَّهُنَّ كُنَّ عَشْرَ نِسْوَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي سَعْدِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ يَلْتَمِسْنَ بِهَا الرُّضَعَاءَ - مِنْ بَنِي سَعْدٍ نَلْتَمِسُ بِهَا الرُّضَعَاءَ، وَفِي سَنَةٍ شَهْبَاءَ فَقَدِمْتُ عَلَى أَتَانٍ لِي قَمْرَاءَ، كَانَتْ أَذَمَّتْ بِالرَّكْبِ، وَمَعِي صَبِيٌّ لَنَا، وَشَارِفٌ لَنَا وَاللَّهِ مَا تَبِضُّ بِقَطْرَةٍ وَمَا نَنَامُ لَيْلَتَنَا ذَلِكَ أَجْمَعَ مَعَ صَبِيِّنَا ذَاكَ، مَا نَجِدُّ فِي ثَدْيِي مَا يُغْنِيهِ وَلَا فِي شَارِفِنَا مَا يُغَذِّيهِ، وَلَكِنَّا كُنَّا نَرْجُو الْغَيْثَ وَالْفَرَجَ فَخَرَجْتُ عَلَى أَتَانِي تِلْكَ فَلَقَدْ أَذَمَّتْ بِالرَّكْبِ حَتَّى شَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضَعْفًا وَعَجَفًا فَقَدِمْنَا مَكَّةَ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ مِنَّا امْرَأَةً إِلَّا وَقَدْ عُرِضَ عَلَيْهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَتَأْبَاهُ إِذَا قِيلَ: إِنَّهُ يَتِيمٌ تَرَكْنَاهُ، وَقُلْنَا: مَاذَا عَسَى أَنْ تَصْنَعَ إِلَيْنَا أُمُّهُ ؟ إِنَّمَا نَرْجُو الْمَعْرُوفَ مِنْ أَبِي الْوَلَدِ فَأَمَّا أُمُّهُ فَمَاذَا عَسَى أَنْ تَصْنَعَ إِلَيْنَا ؟ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ صَوَاحِبِي امْرَأَةٌ إِلَّا أَخَذَتْ رَضِيعًا غَيْرِي فَلَمَّا لَمْ نَجِدْ غَيْرَهُ، وَأَجْمَعْنَا الِانْطِلَاقَ قُلْتُ لِزَوْجِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى: وَاللَّهِ وَإِنِّي لَأَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَرْجِعَ مِنْ بَيْنِ صَوَاحِبِي لَيْسَ مَعِيَ رَضِيعٌ، لَأَنْطَلِقَنَّ إِلَى ذَلِكَ الْيَتِيمِ فَلْآخُذَنَّهُ. فَقَالَ: لَا عَلَيْكِ أَنْ تَفْعَلِي فَعَسَى أَنْ يَجْعَلَ اللَّهُ لَنَا فِيهِ بَرَكَةً فَذَهَبْتُ فَأَخَذَتْهُ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا أَخَذْتُهُ إِلَّا أَنِّي لَمْ أَجِدْ غَيْرَهُ فَمَا هُوَ إِلَّا أَنْ أَخَذْتُهُ فَجِئْتُ بِهِ رَحْلِي فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ ثَدْيَايَ بِمَا شَاءَ مِنْ لَبَنٍ فَشَرِبَ حَتَّى رَوِيَ، وَشَرِبَ أَخُوهُ حَتَّى رَوِيَ، وَقَامَ صَاحِبِي إِلَى شَارِفِنَا تِلْكَ فَإِذَا إِنَّهَا لَحَافِلٌ فَحَلَبَ مَا شَرِبَ، وَشَرِبْتُ حَتَّى رَوِينَا فَبِتْنَا بِخَيْرِ لَيْلَةٍ فَقَالَ صَاحِبِي حِينَ أَصْبَحْنَا: يَا حَلِيمَةُ وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لِأَرَاكِ قَدْ أَخَذْتِ نَسَمَةً مُبَارَكَةً; أَلَمْ تَرَيْ مَا بِتْنَا بِهِ اللَّيْلَةَ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ وَالْبَرَكَةِ حِينَ أَخَذْنَاهُ ! فَلَمْ يَزَلِ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَزِيدُنَا خَيْرًا، ثُمَّ خَرَجْنَا رَاجِعِينَ إِلَى بِلَادِنَا فَوَاللَّهِ لَقَطَعَتْ أَتَانِي بِالرَّكْبِ حَتَّى مَا يَتَعَلَّقُ بِهَا حِمَارٌ حَتَّى إِنَّ صَوَاحِبِي لَيَقُلْنَ: وَيْلَكِ يَا بِنْتَ أَبِي ذُؤَيْبٍ هَذِهِ أَتَانُكِ الَّتِي خَرَجْتِ عَلَيْهَا مَعَنَا ؟ فَأَقُولُ: نَعَمْ وَاللَّهِ إِنَّهَا لَهِيَ فَيَقُلْنَ: وَاللَّهِ إِنَّ لَهَا لَشَأْنًا حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا أَرْضَ بَنِي سَعْدٍ وَمَا أَعْلَمُ أَرْضًا مِنْ أَرْضِ اللَّهِ أَجْدَبَ مِنْهَا فَإِنْ كَانَتْ غَنَمِي لَتَسْرَحُ، ثُمَّ تَرُوحُ شِبَاعًا لَبَنًا، فَنَحْلِبُ مَا شِئْنَا وَمَا حَوَالَيْنَا أَوْ حَوْلَنَا أَحَدٌ تَبِضُّ لَهُ شَاةٌ بِقَطْرَةِ لَبَنٍ، وَإِنَّ أَغْنَامَهُمْ لَتَرُوحَ جِيَاعًا حَتَّى إِنَّهُمْ لَيَقُولُونَ لِرُعَاتِهِمْ أَوْ لِرُعْيَانِهِمْ وَيْحَكُمُ انْظُرُوا حَيْثُ تَسْرَحُ غَنَمُ بِنْتِ أَبِي ذُؤَيْبٍ فَاسْرَحُوا مَعَهُمْ فَيَسَرَحُونَ مَعَ غَنَمِي حَيْثُ تَسْرَحُ فَتَرُوحُ أَغْنَامُهُمْ جِيَاعًا مَا فِيهَا قَطْرَةُ لَبَنٍ، وَتَرُوحُ أَغْنَامِي شِبَاعًا لَبَنًا نَحْلِبُ مَا شِئْنَا فَلَمْ يَزَلِ اللَّهُ يُرِينَا الْبَرَكَةَ نَتَعَرَّفُهَا حَتَّى بَلَغَ سَنَتَيْهِ فَكَانَ يَشِبُّ شَبَابًا لَا تَشِبُّهُ الْغِلْمَانُ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا بَلَغَ السَّنَتَيْنِ حَتَّى كَانَ غُلَامًا جَفْرًا فَقَدِمْنَا بِهِ عَلَى أُمِّهِ، وَنَحْنُ أَضَنُّ شَيْءٍ بِهِ مِمَّا رَأَيْنَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْبَرَكَةِ. فَلَمَّا رَأَتْهُ أُمُّهُ قُلْنَا لَهَا: يَا ظِئْرُ دَعِينَا نَرْجِعُ بِابْنِنَا هَذِهِ السَّنَةَ الْأُخْرَى فَإِنَّا نَخْشَى عَلَيْهِ وَبَاءَ مَكَّةَ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا زِلْنَا بِهَا حَتَّى قَالَتْ: فَنَعَمْ فَسَرَّحَتْهُ مَعَنَا
Translation
✧ Mention of his suckling (peace and blessings be upon him) from Ḥalīmah bt. Abī Dhuʾayb al-Saʿdiyyah, and the blessing that appeared upon him, and the signs of prophethood Muḥammad b. Isḥāq said: He was given to Ḥalīmah bt. Abī Dhuʾayb for suckling, and his name is ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Ḥārith b. Shijnah b. Jābir b. Rizām b. Nāṣirah b. Saʿd b. Bakr b. Hawāzin b. Manṣūr b. ʿIkrimah b. Khaṣafah b. Qays b. ʿAylān b. Muḍar. He said: And the name of the father of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who suckled him—meaning the husband of Ḥalīmah—is al-Ḥārith b. ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā b. Rifāʿah b. Mallān b. Nāṣirah b. Saʿd b. Bakr b. Hawāzin, and his brothers (peace and blessings be upon him)—meaning through suckling—are ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Ḥārith, Unaysah bt. al-Ḥārith, and Ḥudhāfah bt. al-Ḥārith, who is al-Shaymāʾ. They mentioned that she used to care for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ along with his mother when he was with them. Ibn Isḥāq said: Jahm b. Abī Jahm, a freedman of a woman from Banū Tamīm who was married to al-Ḥārith b. Ḥāṭib—he is also called the freedman of al-Ḥārith b. Ḥāṭib—narrated to me: Someone who heard ʿAbd Allāh b. Jaʿfar b. Abī Ṭālib narrate to me: I was told from Ḥalīmah bt. al-Ḥārith that she said: I arrived in Makkah among women—and al-Wāqidī mentioned with his chain that they were ten women from Banū Saʿd b. Bakr seeking sucklings there—from Banū Saʿd, seeking sucklings there, and in a year of drought. I arrived on a she-ass of mine that was dark gray, which had delayed the caravan, and with me was a young child of ours and an old she-camel of ours. By Allah, it did not yield a drop, and we did not sleep that entire night with our young child: I could not find in my breast what would satisfy him, nor in our old she-camel what would nourish him, but we hoped for rain and relief. I set out on that she-ass of mine, and it had delayed the caravan until that distressed them because of weakness and leanness. We arrived in Makkah. By Allah, I do not know of any woman among us but that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was offered to her and she refused him when it was said that he was an orphan. We left him and said: What could his mother possibly do for us? We only hope for kindness from the father of the child; as for his mother, what could she possibly do for us? By Allah, there remained among my companions no woman except me who had not taken a suckling. So when we did not find anyone other than him, and we had resolved to depart, I said to my husband al-Ḥārith b. ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā: By Allah, I hate to return among my companions without a suckling with me; I will go to that orphan and take him. He said: There is no harm in your doing so; perhaps Allah will place blessing for us in him. So I went and took him. By Allah, I took him only because I did not find anyone other than him. No sooner had I taken him and brought him to my saddle than my two breasts flowed toward him with whatever milk He willed, and he drank until he was satisfied, and his brother drank until he was satisfied. My husband went to that old she-camel of ours, and there it was with a full udder, and he milked what he drank, and I drank until we were satisfied. We spent the best night. My husband said when morning came: O Ḥalīmah, by Allah, I see that you have taken a blessed soul; did you not see what good and blessing we spent the night with when we took him! Allah, mighty and glorious, did not cease to increase us in good. Then we departed returning to our land. By Allah, my she-ass outpaced the caravan until no donkey could keep up with it, so that my companions said: Woe to you, daughter of Abū Dhuʾayb, is this your she-ass on which you set out with us? I said: Yes, by Allah, it is the very one. They said: By Allah, it has something remarkable about it. Until we arrived at the land of Banū Saʿd, and I do not know any land of Allah more barren than it. My sheep would go out to pasture, then return full and with milk, and we milked as much as we wished, while no one around us had a ewe that yielded a drop of milk. Their sheep would return hungry, so much so that they said to their shepherds—or their herders: Woe to you, look where the sheep of the daughter of Abū Dhuʾayb graze, and graze with them. So they grazed with my sheep wherever they grazed, and their sheep returned hungry with not a drop of milk in them, while my sheep returned full and with milk; we milked as much as we wished. Allah did not cease to show us blessing that we recognized until he reached his two years. He grew in a way that boys do not grow. By Allah, he had not reached two years before he was a sturdy boy. We brought him to his mother, and we were the most attached thing to him because of the blessing we had seen in him. When his mother saw him, we said to her: O wet nurse, let us return with our son this other year, for we fear the plague of Makkah for him. By Allah, we did not stop with her until she said: Yes, and she sent him with us.
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