Tarikh (al-Tabari) 60
The story of the creation of Adam (peace be upon him)
أَوْلَادِ آدَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَلَدَتْ حَوَّاءُ لِآدَمَ أَرْبَعِينَ وَلَدًا مِنْ ذِكْرِ وَأُنْثَى فِي عِشْرِينَ بَطْنًا ، قَالُوا: وَكَانَتْ لَا تَلِدُ إِلَّا تَوْأَمَيْنِ ذَكَرًا وَأُنْثَى. وَأَوَّلُ الْأَوْلَادِ: قَابِيلُ وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ قُلَيْمَا، وَيُقَالُ قُيَثْمَا، وَآخِرُهُمْ عَبْدُ الْمُغِيثِ وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ أَمَةُ الْمُغِيثِ. وَعَدَّ مِنْهُمُ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: قَيْنُ وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ، وَهَابِيلُ وَلِيُوذَا، وَآشُوثُ بِنْتُ آدَمَ وَتَوْأَمُهَا، وَشِيثُ، وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ وَحَزْوَرَةُ وَتَوْأَمُهَا، ثُمَّ إِيَادٌ وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ، ثُمَّ بَالِغُ. وَيُقَالُ: بَاتِحُ وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ، ثُمَّ أَثَاثِي وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ، ثُمَّ تَوْبَةُ وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ، ثُمَّ بَنَانُ وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ، ثُمَّ شَبُوبَةُ وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ، ثُمَّ حَيَّانُ وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ، ثُمَّ ضَرَابِيسُ وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ، هَدَزُ وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ، ثُمَّ نُجُودُ وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ، ثُمَّ سَنْدَلُ وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ، ثُمَّ بَارِقُ وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ. وَكَانَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ يَنْكِحُ أَيَّ أَخَوَاتِهِ شَاءَ إِلَّا الَّتِي وُلِدَتْ مَعَهُ، فَإِنَّهَا لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ. أول ولد ولدته حواء وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أَنَّ أَوَّلَ وَلَدٍ وَلَدَتْهُ حَوَّاءُ سَمَّتْهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ، ثُمَّ سَمَّتِ الثَّانِيَ صَالِحًا، ثُمَّ الثَّالِثَ عَبْدَ الْحَارِثِ . قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الطَّبَرِيُّ: وُلِدَ لِآدَمَ بَعْدَ قَتْلِ هَابِيلَ بِخَمْسِ سِنِينَ شِيثُ، وَزَعَمَ أَهَّلَ التَّوْرَاةُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُولَدْ مَعَهُ تَوْأَمٌ، وَتَفْسِيرُ شِيثَ عِنْدَهُمْ "هِبَةُ اللَّهِ"، وَمَعْنَاهُ أَنَّهُ خَلَفَ هَابِيلَ. وَقَالَ أَبُو صَالِحٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: وُلِدَ شِيثُ وَأُخْتُهُ عَزُورَا، وَهُوَ بِالْعَرَبِيَّةِ شَثُ، وَبِالسُّرْيَانِيَّةِ شَاثُ، وَبِالْعِبْرَانِيَّةِ شِيثُ، وَإِلَيْهِ أَوْصَى آدَمُ، وَكَانَ آدَمُ [يَوْمَ] وُلِدَ لَهُ شِيثُ ابْنَ ثَلَاثِينَ وَمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ. وَقَدْ زَعَمَ أَكْثَرُ عُلَمَاءِ الْفُرْسِ أَنْ جِيُومَرْتَ هُوَ آدَمُ. وَزَعَمَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَنَّهُ ابْنُ آدَمَ لِصُلْبِهِ [مِنْ حَوَّاءَ ]. وَقَالَ آخَرُونَ: هُوَ حَامُ بْنُ يَافِثَ بْنِ نُوحٍ. وَأَكْثَرُ الْعُلَمَاءِ عَلَى أَنْ جِيُومَرْتَ هُوَ أَبُو الْفُرْسِ مِنَ الْعَجَمِ، وَإِنَّمَا اخْتَلَفُوا هَلْ هُوَ آدَمُ أَمْ غَيْرُهُ؟ وَقَالَ قَوْمٌ: إِنَّهُ مَلَكَ وَتَجَبَّرَ وَتَزَوَّجَ ثَلَاثِينَ امْرَأَةً وَكَثُرَ نَسْلُهُ وَتَسَمَّى بِآدَمَ، وَمَا زَالَ مُلْكُهُ وَمُلْكُ أَوْلَادِهِ مُنْتَظِمًا بِأَرْضِ الْمَشْرِقِ إِلَى أَنْ قُتِلَ يَزْدَجِرْدَ بْنُ شَهْرَيَارَ أَيَّامَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ. وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ الْبَرَاءِ: أَنَّ جِيُومَرْتَ مَلَكَ ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً، ثُمَّ كَانَ مِنْ سِوَى الْمَلِكِ هُوشَنْكَ مِنْ أَوْلَادِ أَوْلَادِهِ مَلَكَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً، ثُمَّ مَلَكَ طَهْمُورَثُ مِنْ أَوْلَادِ أَوْلَادِ هُوشَنْكَ، وَدَانَ بِدِينِ الصَّابِئِينَ ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً، ثُمَّ مَلَكَ أَخُوهُ جَمْشِيدُ سِتَّمِائَةٍ وَسِتَّ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةٍ، ثُمَّ مَلَكَ هَوَارِسْبُ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ، وَمِنْ قَبْلِهِ كَانَ نَمْرُودُ صَاحِبِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ثُمَّ مَلَكَ فِرَيْدُونَ مِائَتَيْ سَنَةً، وَقَسَّمَ الْمُلْكَ بَيْنَ أَوْلَادِهِ فِي حَيَاتِهِ، ثُمَّ مَلَكَ ابْنَهُ إِيرَجَ سِتَّ سِنِينَ، ثُمَّ انْتَقَلَ الْمُلْكُ إِلَى مَنُوشَهْرَ ثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً إِلَى أَنْ غَلَبَهُ التُّرْكِيُّ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً، ثُمَّ غَلَبَهُ مَنُوشَهْرُ فَمَلَكَ ثَمَانِيًا وَعِشْرِينَ سَنَةً. وَقَدْ حَكَيْنَا آنِفًا عَنْ أَبِي الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُنَادِي أَنْ جِيُومَرْثَ وَطَهْمُوَرْثَ مِنْ أَوْلَادِ الْجَانِّ، وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَقَدْ رَوَى ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ: أَنَّ حَوَّاءَ حَمَلَتْ بِقَيْنَ بْنِ آدَمَ - وَهُوَ الَّذِي يُقَالُ لَهُ: قَابِيلُ - فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَتَوْأَمَتُهُ فَلَمْ تَجِدْ وَحَمًا وَلَا وَصَبًا وَوَلَدَتْهُمَا وَلَمْ تَرَ مَعَهُمَا دَمًا لِطُهْرِ الْجَنَّةِ، فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتْ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ حَمَلَتْ بِهَابِيلَ وَتَوْأَمَتِهِ. وَفِي هَذَا بَعْدٌ وَلَيْسَ مِمَّا يُوثَقُ بِنَقْلِهِ. هل ولد لآدم وحواء أولاد بالجنة وَاخْتَلَفُوا هَلْ وُلِدَ لَهُمَا بِالْجَنَّةِ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الْأَوْلَادِ ؟ فَقِيلَ: لَمْ يُولَدْ لَهُمَا إِلَّا فِي الْأَرْضِ. وَقِيلَ: بَلْ وُلِدَ لَهُمَا فِيهَا. فَكَانَ قَابِيلُ وَأُخْتُهُ مِمَّنْ وُلِدَ بِهَا، وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Translation
✧ THE CHILDREN OF ADAM (PEACE BE UPON HIM) Ḥawwāʾ bore Adam forty children, male and female, in twenty pregnancies. They said: She did not give birth except to twins, a male and a female. The first of the children: Qābīl and his twin sister Qulaymā, also said Quythamā, and the last of them ʿAbd al-Mughīth and his twin sister Amat al-Mughīth. Ibn Isḥāq counted among them: Qayn and his twin sister, Hābīl and Liyūdhā, Āshūth daughter of Adam and her twin, Shīth and his twin sister, Ḥazwarah and her twin, then Iyād and his twin sister, then Bāligh—also said Bātiḥ—and his twin sister, then Athāthī and his twin sister, then Tawbah and his twin sister, then Banān and his twin sister, then Shabūbah and his twin sister, then Ḥayyān and his twin sister, then Ḍarābīs and his twin sister, Hadaz and his twin sister, then Nujūd and his twin sister, then Sandal and his twin sister, then Bāriq and his twin sister. A man among them would marry whichever of his sisters he wished except the one born with him, for she was not lawful to him. The first child borne by Ḥawwāʾ: It has been narrated from Ibn ʿAbbās that the first child borne by Ḥawwāʾ she named ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, then she named the second Ṣāliḥ, then the third ʿAbd al-Ḥārith. Abū Jaʿfar al-Ṭabarī said: Shīth was born to Adam five years after the killing of Hābīl. The people of the Torah claimed that no twin was born with him, and the interpretation of Shīth among them is “the gift of God,” meaning that he succeeded Hābīl. Abū Ṣāliḥ said, from Ibn ʿAbbās: Shīth and his sister ʿAzūrā were born. In Arabic it is Shath, in Syriac Shāth, and in Hebrew Shīth. To him Adam entrusted his testament. Adam was one hundred thirty years old on the day Shīth was born to him. The majority of Persian scholars claimed that Jiyūmart is Adam. Some of them claimed that he is the son of Adam from his loins [from Ḥawwāʾ]. Others said: He is Ḥām b. Yāfith b. Nūḥ. Most scholars are of the view that Jiyūmart is the father of the Persians among the non-Arabs. They differed only as to whether he is Adam or someone else. A group said: He became king, acted tyrannically, married thirty women, his progeny multiplied, and he called himself Adam. His rule and the rule of his children remained organized in the land of the East until Yazdajird b. Shahriyār was killed in the days of ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān. Abū al-Ḥasan b. al-Barāʾ mentioned that Jiyūmart ruled thirty years. Then, apart from the king, Hūshank from among his descendants' descendants ruled forty years. Then Ṭahmūrath from among the descendants of Hūshank ruled and professed the religion of the Sabians for thirty years. Then his brother Jamshīd ruled six hundred sixteen years. Then Hawārisb ruled one thousand years, and before him was Nimrūd, the companion of Ibrāhīm. Then Farīdūn ruled two hundred years and divided the kingdom among his children during his lifetime. Then his son Īraj ruled six years. Then the kingdom passed to Manūshahr for eighty years until the Turk overcame him for twelve years. Then Manūshahr overcame him and ruled twenty-eight years. We have previously related from Abū al-Ḥusayn b. al-Munādī that Jiyūmarth and Ṭahmūrath are from among the descendants of the jinn, and God knows best. Ibn Isḥāq narrated from some of the People of the Book that Ḥawwāʾ conceived Qayn b. Adam—who is called Qābīl—and his twin sister in the Garden, and she experienced no pregnancy craving or pain. She bore them and saw no blood with them because of the purity of the Garden. When she descended to the earth, she conceived Hābīl and his twin sister. There is some difficulty in this, and it is not among what can be relied upon in its transmission. Were any children born to Adam and Ḥawwāʾ in the Garden? They differed as to whether any children were born to them in the Garden. It was said: No children were born to them except on the earth. It was said: Rather, children were born to them in it. So Qābīl and his sister were among those born in it, and God knows best.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.