Tarikh (al-Tabari) 584
Genealogy of Our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Some Accounts of His Forefathers and Ancestors
يَوْمُ فَيْفِ الرِّيحِ وَهُوَ بَيْنَ عَامِرِ بْنِ صَعْصَعَةَ وَالْحَارِثِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ، وَكَانَ خَبَرُهُ أَنَّ بَنِي عَامِرٍ كَانَتْ تَطْلُبُ بَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ بِأَوْتَارٍ كَثِيرَةٍ، فَجَمَعَ لَهُمُ الْحُصَيْنُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ بْنِ شَدَّادِ بْنِ قَنَانٍ الْحَارِثِيُّ، وَهُوَ ذُو الْغُصَّةِ، وَاسْتَعَانَ بِجُعْفِيٍّ وَزُبَيْدٍ وَقَبَائِلِ سَعْدِ الْعَشِيرَةِ وَمُرَادٍ وَصُدَاءٍ وَنَهْدٍ وَخَثْعَمٍ وَشَهْرَانَ وَنَاهِسٍ. ثُمَّ أَقْبَلُوا يُرِيدُونَ بَنِي عَامِرٍ وَهُمْ مُنْتَجِعُونَ مَكَانًا يُقَالُ لَهُ فَيْفُ الرِّيحِ، وَمَعَ مَذْحِجٍ النِّسَاءُ وَالذَّرَارِي حَتَّى لَا يَفِرُّوا. فَاجْتَمَعَتْ بَنُو عَامِرٍ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ عَامِرُ بْنُ الطُّفَيْلِ: أَغِيرُوا بِنَا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ، فَإِنِّي أَرْجُو أَنْ نَأْخُذَ غَنَائِمَهُمْ وَنَسْبِيَ نِسَاءَهُمْ، وَلَا تَدَعُوهُمْ يَدْخُلُونَ عَلَيْكُمْ. فَأَجَابُوهُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ وَسَارُوا إِلَيْهِمْ. فَلَمَّا دَنَوْا مِنْ بَنِي الْحَارِثِ وَمَذْحِجٍ وَمَنْ مَعَهُمْ أَخْبَرَتْهُمْ عُيُونُهُمْ وَعَادَتْ إِلَيْهِمْ مَشَايِخُهُمْ، فَحَذِرُوا فَالْتَقَوْا فَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ يُغَادُونَهُمُ الْقِتَالَ بِفَيْفِ الرِّيحِ، فَالْتَقَى الصُّمَيْلُ بْنُ الْأَعْوَرِ الْكُلَابِيُّ وَعَمْرُو بْنُ صُبَيْحٍ النَّهْدِيُّ، فَطَعَنَهُ عَمْرٌو، فَاعْتَنَقَ الصُّمَيْلُ فَرَسَهُ وَعَادَ، فَلَقِيَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ خَثْعَمٍ فَقَتَلَهُ وَأَخَذَ دِرْعَهُ وَفَرَسَهُ. وَشَهِدَتْ بَنُو نُمَيْرٍ يَوْمَئِذٍ مَعَ عَامِرِ بْنِ الطُّفَيْلِ فَأَبْلَوْا بَلَاءً حَسَنًا، وَسُمُّوا ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ حُرَيْجَةَ الطِّعَانِ لِأَنَّهُمُ اجْتَمَعُوا بِرِمَاحِهِمْ فَصَارُوا بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْحَرَجَةِ، وَهِيَ شَجَرٌ مُجْتَمِعٌ. وَسَبَبُ اجْتِمَاعِهِمْ أَنَّ بَنِي عَامِرٍ جَالُوا جَوْلَةً إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ الْعُرْقُوبُ، وَالْتَفَتَ عَامِرُ بْنُ الطُّفَيْلِ فَسَأَلَ عَنْ بَنِي نُمَيْرٍ فَوَجَدَهُمْ قَدْ تَخَلَّفُوا فِي الْمَعْرَكَةِ، فَرَجَعَ وَهُوَ يَصِيحُ: يَا صَبَاحَاهُ ! يَا نُمَيْرَاهُ ! وَلَا نُمَيْرَ لِي بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ ! حَتَّى اقْتَحَمَ فَرَسُهُ وَسَطَ الْقَوْمِ، فَقَوِيَتْ نُفُوسُهُمْ، وَعَادَتْ بَنُو عَامِرٍ وَقَدْ طُعِنَ عَامِرُ بْنُ الطُّفَيْلِ مَا بَيْنَ ثُغْرَةِ نَحْرِهِ إِلَى سُرَّتِهِ عِشْرِينَ طَعْنَةً. وَكَانَ عَامِرٌ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ يَتَعَهَّدُ النَّاسَ فَيَقُولُ: يَا فُلَانُ مَا رَأَيْتُكَ فَعَلْتَ شَيْئًا، فَمَنْ أَبْلَى فَلْيُرِنِي سَيْفَهُ أَوْ رُمْحَهُ، وَمَنْ لَمْ يُبْلِ شَيْئًا تَقَدَّمَ فَأَبْلَى، فَكَانَ كُلُّ مَنْ أَبْلَى بَلَاءً حَسَنًا أَتَاهُ، فَأَرَاهُ الدَّمَ عَلَى سِنَانِ رُمْحِهِ أَوْ سَيْفِهِ، فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْحَارِثِيِّينَ اسْمُهُ مُسْهِرٌ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا أَبَا عَلِيٍّ انْظُرْ مَا صَنَعْتُ بِالْقَوْمِ ! انْظُرْ إِلَى رُمْحِي ! فَلَمَّا أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ عَامِرٌ لِيَنْظُرَ، وَجَأَهُ بِالرُّمْحِ فِي وَجْنَتِهِ فَفَلَقَهَا وَفَقَأَ عَيْنَهُ وَتَرَكَ رُمْحَهُ وَعَادَ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ. وَإِنَّمَا دَعَاهُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ مَا رَآهُ يَفْعَلُ بِقَوْمِهِ، فَقَالَ: هَذَا وَاللَّهِ مُبِيرُ قَوْمِي ! فَقَالَ عَامِرُ بْنُ الطُّفَيْلِ: أَتَوْنَا بِشَهْرَانَ الْعَرِيضَةِ كُلِّهَا وَأَكْلُبَ طُرًّا فِي جِيَادِ السَّنَوَّرِ لَعَمْرِي وَمَا عَمْرِي عَلَيَّ بِهَيِّنٍ لَقَدْ شَانَ حُرَّ الْوَجْهِ طَعْنَةَ مُسْهِرِ فَبِئْسَ الْفَتَى أَنْ كُنَتَ أَعْوَرَ عَاقِرًا جَبَانًا وَمَا أَغْنَى لَدَى كُلِّ مَحْضَرِ وَأَسَرَتْ بَنُو عَامِرٍ يَوْمَئِذٍ سَيِّدَ مُرَادٍ جَرِيحًا، فَلَمَّا بَرَأَ مِنْ جِرَاحَتِهِ أُطْلِقَ. وَمِمَّنْ أَبْلَى يَوْمَئِذٍ أَرْبَدُ بْنُ قَيْسِ بْنِ حُرِّ بْنِ خَالِدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ، وَعُبَيْدُ بْنُ شُرَيْحِ بْنِ الْأَحْوَصِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ. وَقَالَ لَبِيدُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ، وَيُقَالُ إِنَّهَا لِعَامِرِ بْنِ الطُّفَيْلِ: أَتَوْنَا بِشَهْرَانَ الْعَرِيضَةِ كُلِّهَا وَأَكْلُبُهَا فِي مِثْلِ بَكْرِ بْنِ وَائِلِ فَبِتْنَا وَمَنْ يَنْزِلْ بِهِ مِثْلُ ضَيْفِنَا يَبِتْ عَنْ قِرَى أَضْيَافِهِ غَيْرَ غَافِلِ أَعَاذِلُ لَوْ كَانَ الْبِدَادُ لَقُوبِلُوا وَلَكِنْ أَتَانَا كُلُّ جِنٍّ وَخَابِلِ وَخَثْعَمُ حَيٌّ يُعْدَلُونَ بِمَذْحِجٍ فَهَلْ نَحْنُ إِلَّا مِثْلُ إِحْدَى الْقَبَائِلِ وَأَسْرَعَ الْقَتْلُ فِي الْفَرِيقَيْنِ جَمِيعًا، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُمُ افْتَرَقُوا وَلَمْ يَشْتَغِلْ بَعْضُهُمْ عَنْ بَعْضٍ بِغَنِيمَةٍ، وَكَانَ الصَّبْرُ فِيهَا وَالشَّرَفُ لِبَنِي عَامِرٍ.
Translation
✧ The Day of Fayf al-Rīḥ It was between ʿĀmir b. Ṣaʿṣaʿah and al-Ḥārith b. Kaʿb. Its story was that Banū ʿĀmir were pursuing Banū al-Ḥārith b. Kaʿb for many blood debts. Al-Ḥuṣayn b. Yazīd b. Shaddād b. Qanān al-Ḥārithī—he is Dhū al-Ghuṣṣah—gathered for them, and sought help from Juʿfī, Zubayd, the tribes of Saʿd al-ʿAshīrah, Murād, Ṣudāʾ, Nahd, Khathʿam, Shahrān, and Nāhis. Then they set out aiming for Banū ʿĀmir while they were pasturing at a place called Fayf al-Rīḥ. With Madhḥij were the women and children so that they would not flee. Banū ʿĀmir gathered, and ʿĀmir b. al-Ṭufayl said to them: "Raid with us against the people, for I hope we will seize their spoils and capture their women, and do not let them come upon you." They agreed to that and marched toward them. When they drew near Banū al-Ḥārith and Madhḥij and those with them, their scouts informed them and their elders returned to them, so they were on guard. They met and fought a fierce battle for three days, engaging them in combat at Fayf al-Rīḥ every morning. Al-Ṣumayl b. al-Aʿwar al-Kilābī and ʿAmr b. Ṣubayḥ al-Nahdī met, and ʿAmr thrust at him. Al-Ṣumayl embraced his horse and returned. A man from Khathʿam met him, killed him, and took his coat of mail and his horse. Banū Numayr witnessed that day with ʿĀmir b. al-Ṭufayl and performed excellently. They named that day Ḥurayjah al-Ṭiʿān because they gathered with their spears and became like a ḥarajah, which is dense clustered trees. The reason for their gathering was that Banū ʿĀmir made a charge to a place called al-ʿUrqūb. ʿĀmir b. al-Ṭufayl turned and asked about Banū Numayr, and found that they had lagged behind in the battle. He returned shouting: "O morning raid! O Numayr! No Numayr for me after today!" until his horse plunged into the midst of the people. Their spirits strengthened, and Banū ʿĀmir returned. ʿĀmir b. al-Ṭufayl had been thrust between the hollow of his chest and his navel with twenty thrusts. On that day, ʿĀmir used to check on the people and say: "O so-and-so, I did not see you do anything. Whoever has performed well, let him show me his sword or his spear. Whoever has not performed anything, let him advance and perform." Every one who performed well came to him and showed him the blood on the tip of his spear or his sword. A man from the Ḥārithīs named Mushir came to him and said: "O Abū ʿAlī, look at what I have done to the people! Look at my spear!" When ʿĀmir turned to look at him, he struck him with the spear in his cheek, splitting it and gouging out his eye, then left his spear and returned to his people. What drove him to that was what he saw him doing to his people, so he said: "This, by God, is the destroyer of my people!" ʿĀmir b. al-Ṭufayl said: They brought us all of broad Shahrān and every clan of Aklub in the steeds of al-Sanawwar. By my life—and my life is not insignificant to me— the thrust of Mushir has disgraced a noble face. Wretched is the young man if you are one-eyed, barren, a coward—and that avails nothing at every gathering. On that day, Banū ʿĀmir captured the chief of Murād wounded. When he recovered from his wound, he was released. Among those who performed well that day were Arbad b. Qays b. Ḥurr b. Khālid b. Jaʿfar, and ʿUbayd b. Shurayḥ b. al-Aḥwaṣ b. Jaʿfar. Labīd b. Rabīʿah said—and it is also said the verses are by ʿĀmir b. al-Ṭufayl: They brought us all of broad Shahrān and its Aklub, like Bakr b. Wāʾil. We spent the night, and whoever hosts the like of our guest spends the night attending to his guests' hospitality, not heedless. O reproacher, had it been single combat they would have been met, but every jinn and madman came to us. And Khathʿam is a tribe weighed against Madhḥij—are we anything but one of the tribes? Killing hastened among both parties together. Then they separated, and neither side busied itself with the other over spoils. The endurance and honor in it belonged to Banū ʿĀmir.
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