Tarikh (al-Tabari) 581
Genealogy of Our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Some Accounts of His Forefathers and Ancestors
يَوْمُ ظَهْرِ الدَّهْنَاءِ وَهُوَ يَوْمٌ بَيْنَ طَيِّءٍ وَأَسَدِ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ. وَسَبَبُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ أَوْسَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ بْنِ لَأْمٍ الطَّائِيَّ كَانَ سَيِّدًا مُطَاعًا فِي قَوْمِهِ وَجَوَادًا وَمِقْدَامًا، فَوَفَدَ هُوَ وَحَاتِمٌ الطَّائِيُّ عَلَى عَمْرِو بْنِ هِنْدٍ، فَدَعَا عَمْرٌو أَوْسًا فَقَالَ لَهُ: أَنْتَ أَفْضَلُ أَمْ حَاتِمٌ ؟ فَقَالَ: أَبَيْتَ اللَّعْنَ ! إِنَّ حَاتِمًا أَوْحَدُهَا وَأَنَا أَحَدُهَا، وَلَوْ مَلَكَنِي حَاتِمٌ وَوَلَدِي وَلُحْمَتِي لَوَهَبَنَا فِي غَدَاةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ. ثُمَّ دَعَا عَمْرٌو حَاتِمًا فَقَالَ لَهُ: أَنْتَ أَفْضَلُ أَمْ أَوْسٌ ؟ فَقَالَ: أَبَيْتَ اللَّعْنَ ! إِنَّمَا ذَكَرْتَ أَوْسًا وَلَأَحَدُ وَلَدِهِ أَفْضَلُ مِنِّي. فَاسْتَحْسَنَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُمَا وَحَبَاهُمَا وَأَكْرَمَهُمَا. ثُمَّ إِنَّ وُفُودَ الْعَرَبِ مِنْ كُلِّ حَيٍّ اجْتَمَعَتْ عِنْدَ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ الْمُنْذِرِ وَفِيهِمْ أَوْسٌ، فَدَعَا بِحُلَّةٍ مِنْ حُلَلِ الْمُلُوكِ وَقَالَ لِلْوُفُودِ: احْضَرُوا فِي غَدٍ فَإِنِّي مُلْبِسٌ هَذِهِ الْحُلَّةَ أَكْرَمَكُمْ. فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْغَدُ حَضَرَ الْقَوْمُ جَمِيعًا إِلَّا أَوْسًا، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: لِمَ تَتَخَلَّفُ ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنْ كَانَ الْمُرَادُ غَيْرِي فَأَجْمَلُ الْأَشْيَاءِ بِي أَلَّا أَكُونَ حَاضِرًا، وَإِنْ كُنْتُ الْمُرَادَ فَسَأُطْلَبُ. فَلَمَّا جَلَسَ النُّعْمَانُ وَلَمْ يَرَ أَوْسًا قَالَ: اذْهَبُوا إِلَى أَوْسٍ فَقُولُوا لَهُ: احْضَرْ آمِنًا مِمَّا خِفْتَ. فَحَضَرَ فَأُلْبِسَ الْحُلَّةَ، فَحَسَدَهُ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ، فَقَالُوا لِلْحُطَيْئَةِ: اهْجُهُ وَلَكَ ثَلَاثُمِائَةِ نَاقَةٍ. فَقَالَ: كَيْفَ أَهْجُو رَجُلًا لَا أَرَى فِي بَيْتِي أَثَاثًا وَلَا مَالًا إِلَّا مِنْهُ ! ثُمَّ قَالَ: كَيْفَ الْهِجَاءُ وَمَا تَنْفَكُّ صَالِحَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ لَأْمٍ بِظَهْرِ الْغَيْبِ تَأْتِينِي فَقَالَ لَهُمْ بِشْرُ بْنُ أَبِي خَازِمٍ: أَنَا أَهْجُوهُ لَكُمْ، فَأَعْطَوْهُ النُّوقَ، وَهَجَاهُ فَأَفْحَشَ فِي هِجَائِهِ وَذَكَرَ أُمَّهُ سُعْدَى. فَلَمَّا عَرَفَ أَوْسٌ ذَلِكَ أَغَارَ عَلَى النُّوقِ فَاكْتَسَحَهَا، وَطَلَبَهُ فَهَرَبَ مِنْهُ وَالْتَجَأَ إِلَى بَنِي أَسَدٍ عَشِيرَتِهِ، فَمَنَعُوهُ مِنْهُ وَرَأَوْا تَسْلِيمَهُ إِلَيْهِ عَارًا. فَجَمَعَ أَوْسٌ جَدِيلَةَ طَيِّءٍ وَسَارَ بِهِمْ إِلَى أَسَدٍ، فَالْتَقَوْا بِظَهْرِ الدَّهْنَاءِ تِلْقَاءَ تَيْمَاءَ فَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا فَانْهَزَمَتْ بَنُو أَسَدٍ وَقُتِّلُوا قَتْلًا ذَرِيعًا، وَهَرَبَ بِشْرٌ فَجَعَلَ لَا يَأْتِي حَيًّا يَطْلُبُ جِوَارَهُمْ إِلَّا امْتَنَعَ مِنْ إِجَارَتِهِ عَلَى أَوْسٍ. ثُمَّ نَزَلَ عَلَى جُنْدَبِ بْنِ حِصْنٍ الْكُلَابِيِّ بِأَعْلَى الصَّمَّانِ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ أَوْسٌ يَطْلُبُ مِنْهُ بِشْرًا، فَأَرْسَلَهُ إِلَيْهِ. فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ بِهِ عَلَى أَوْسٍ أَشَارَ عَلَيْهِ قَوْمُهُ بِقَتْلِهِ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَى أُمِّهِ سُعْدَى فَاسْتَشَارَهَا، فَأَشَارَتْ أَنْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ مَالَهُ وَيَعْفُوَ عَنْهُ وَيَحْبُوهُ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَغْسِلُ هِجَاءَهُ إِلَّا مَدْحُهُ. فَقَبِلَ مَا أَشَارَتْ بِهِ وَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ وَقَالَ: يَا بِشْرُ مَا تَرَى أَنِّي صَانِعٌ بِكَ ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو مِنْكَ يَا أَوْسُ نِعْمَةً وَإِنِّي لِأُخْرَى مِنْكَ يَا أَوْسُ رَاهِبُ وَإِنِّي لَأَمْحُو بِالَّذِي أَنْتَ صَادِقٌ بِهِ كُلَّ مَا قَدْ قُلْتُ إِذْ أَنَا كَاذِبُ فَهَلْ يَنْفَعُنِي الْيَوْمَ عِنْدَكَ أَنَّنِي سَأَشْكُرُ إِنْ أَنْعَمْتَ وَالشُّكْرُ وَاجِبُ فِدًى لِابْنِ سُعْدَى الْيَوْمَ كُلُّ عَشِيرَتِي بَنِي أَسَدٍ أَقْصَاهُمُ وَالْأَقَارِبُ تَدَارَكَنِي أَوْسُ بْنُ سُعْدَى بِنِعْمَةٍ وَقَدْ أَمْكَنَتْهُ مِنْ يَدِيَّ الْعَوَاقِبُ فَمَنَّ عَلَيْهِ أَوْسٌ وَحَمَلَهُ عَلَى فَرَسٍ جَوَادٍ، وَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ مَا كَانَ أُخِذَ مِنْهُ، وَأَعْطَاهُ مِنْ مَالِهِ مِائَةً مِنَ الْإِبِلِ، فَقَالَ بِشْرٌ: لَا جَرَمَ لَا مَدَحْتُ أَحَدًا، حَتَّى أَمُوتَ غَيْرَكَ، وَمَدَحَهُ بِقَصِيدَتِهِ الْمَشْهُورَةِ الَّتِي أَوَّلُهَا: أَتَعْرِفُ مِنْ هُنَيْدَةَ رَسْمَ دَارٍ بِحَرْجَيْ ذُرْوَةٍ فَإِلَى لِوَاهَا وَمِنْهَا مَنْزِلٌ بِبِرَاقِ خَبْتٍ عَفَتْ حُقُبًا وَغَيَّرَهَا بِلَاهَا وَهِيَ طَوِيلَةٌ.
Translation
✧ The Day of Ẓahr al-Dahnāʾ It is a day between Ṭayyiʾ and Asad b. Khuzaymah. The reason for that is that Aws b. Ḥārithah b. Laʾm al-Ṭāʾī was a leader obeyed among his people, generous, and bold. He and Ḥātim al-Ṭāʾī came as a delegation to ʿAmr b. Hind. ʿAmr called Aws and said to him: “Are you more excellent or Ḥātim?” He said: “May you avoid disgrace! Ḥātim is the unique one of her, and I am one of her. If Ḥātim owned me, my children, and my close kin, he would give us away in a single morning.” Then ʿAmr called Ḥātim and said to him: “Are you more excellent or Aws?” He said: “May you avoid disgrace! You have mentioned Aws, and even one of his sons is more excellent than I.” He admired that from both of them, bestowed gifts upon them, and honored them. Then the delegations of the Arabs from every tribe gathered before al-Nuʿmān b. al-Mundhir, among them Aws. He called for a robe from the robes of kings and said to the delegations: “Attend tomorrow, for I will clothe the most noble of you with this robe.” When the next day came, all the people attended except Aws. It was said to him: “Why do you stay behind?” He said: “If the intended one is other than me, then the most seemly thing for me is not to be present; and if I am the intended one, I will be sought.” When al-Nuʿmān sat and did not see Aws, he said: “Go to Aws and tell him: Attend safely from what you feared.” So he attended and was clothed with the robe. Then some people of his own kin envied him. They said to al-Ḥuṭayʾah: “Satirize him, and you will have three hundred she-camels.” He said: “How can I satirize a man in whose house I see no furnishings or wealth except from him?” Then he said: “How can satire be, while a good deed from the people of Laʾm does not cease to come to me in the unseen?” Then Bishr b. Abī Khāzim said to them: “I will satirize him for you.” So they gave him the she-camels, and he satirized him and was obscene in his satire, and he mentioned his mother Suʿdā. When Aws learned of that, he raided the she-camels and swept them away, and he sought him, so he fled from him and took refuge with Banū Asad, his clan. They protected him from him and considered handing him over to him a disgrace. So Aws gathered Jadīlat Ṭayyiʾ and marched with them against Asad. They met at Ẓahr al-Dahnāʾ, facing Taymāʾ, and fought a fierce battle. Banū Asad were routed and killed in great numbers. Bishr fled, and he did not come to any tribe seeking their protection except that they refused to grant him protection against Aws. Then he alighted with Jundab b. Ḥiṣn al-Kilābī in upper al-Ṣammān. Aws sent to him demanding Bishr, so he sent him to him. When he was brought before Aws, his people advised him to kill him. He went in to his mother Suʿdā and consulted her. She advised that he return his property to him, pardon him, and bestow gifts upon him, for nothing washes away his satire except his praise. He accepted what she advised and went out to him and said: “O Bishr, what do you think I am going to do with you?” He said: “I indeed hope from you, O Aws, a favor, and I indeed fear another thing from you, O Aws. And I will erase, by what you are truthful in, all that I said when I was lying. Will it benefit me today, with you, that I will be grateful if you bestow favor, and gratitude is obligatory? May all my kin be ransom for Ibn Suʿdā today, Banū Asad, their farthest and their nearest. Aws b. Suʿdā has rescued me with a favor, when the consequences had placed me in his hands.” So Aws bestowed favor upon him, mounted him on a swift horse, returned to him what had been taken from him, and gave him from his wealth one hundred camels. Bishr said: “No indeed, I will not praise anyone other than you until I die,” and he praised him with his famous ode whose beginning is: “Do you recognize from Hunaydah the trace of an abode, at the two stony tracts of Dharwah, then to its winding hills? And among them is a stopping place at the glittering stones of Khabt, effaced by ages and altered by its weariness.” And it is long.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.