Tarikh (al-Tabari) 568
Genealogy of Our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Some Accounts of His Forefathers and Ancestors
يَوْمُ الْغَبِيطِ وَهُوَ يَوْمٌ كَانَتِ الْحَرْبُ فِيهِ بَيْنَ بَنِي شَيْبَانَ وَتَمِيمٍ، وَأُسِرَ فِيهِ بِسْطَامُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ. وَسَبَبُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ بِسْطَامَ بْنَ قَيْسٍ وَالْحَوْفَزَانَ بْنَ شَرِيكٍ وَمَفْرُوقَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو سَارُوا فِي جَمْعٍ مِنْ بَنِي شَيْبَانَ إِلَى بِلَادِ تَمِيمٍ، فَأَغَارُوا عَلَى ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ يَرْبُوعٍ وَثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ ضَبَّةَ وَثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ فَزَارَةَ وَثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ ذُبْيَانَ، وَكَانُوا مُتَجَاوِرِينَ بِصَحْرَاءِ فَلْجٍ، فَاقْتَتَلُوا، فَانْهَزَمَتِ الثَّعَالِبَةُ، وَقُتِلَ مِنْهُمْ مَقْتَلَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ، وَغَنِمَ بَنُو شَيْبَانَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ، وَمَرُّوا عَلَى بَنِي مَالِكِ بْنِ حَنْظَلَةَ مِنْ تَمِيمٍ، وَهُمْ بَيْنَ صَحْرَاءِ فَلْجٍ وَغَبِيطِ الْمَدَرَةِ فَاسْتَاقُوا إِبِلَهُمْ. فَرَكِبَتْ إِلَيْهِمْ بَنُو مَالِكٍ يَقْدُمُهُمْ عُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ الْيَرْبُوعِيُّ وَفُرْسَانُ بَنِي يَرْبُوعٍ، وَسَارُوا فِي أَثَرِ بَنِي شَيْبَانَ، وَمَعَهُ مِنْ رُؤَسَاءِ تَمِيمٍ الْأُحَيْمِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَأُسَيْدُ بْنُ جُبَاةَ وَحُرُّ بْنُ سَعْدٍ وَمَالِكُ بْنُ نُوَيْرَةَ، فَأَدْرَكُوهُمْ بِغَبِيطِ الْمَدَرَةِ فَقَاتَلُوهُمْ. وَصَبَرَ الْفَرِيقَانِ، ثُمَّ انْهَزَمَتْ شَيْبَانُ وَاسْتَعَادَتْ تَمِيمٌ مَا كَانُوا غَنِمُوهُ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ، وَقَتَلَتْ بَنُو شَيْبَانَ أَبَا مَرْحَبٍ رَبِيعَةَ بْنَ حَصِيَّةَ، وَأَلَحَّ عُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ عَلَى بِسْطَامِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ فَأَدْرَكَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ: اسْتَأْسِرْ أَبَا الصَّهْبَاءِ فَأَنَا خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنَ الْفَلَاةِ وَالْعَطَشِ، فَاسْتَأْسَرَ لَهُ بِسْطَامُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ. فَقَالَ بَنُو ثَعْلَبَةَ لِعُتْبَةَ: إِنَّ أَبَا مَرْحَبٍ قَدْ قُتِلَ وَقَدْ أَسَرْتَ بِسْطَامًا، وَهُوَ قَاتِلُ مُلَيْلٍ وَبُجَيْرٍ ابْنَيْ أَبِي مُلَيْلٍ وَمَالِكِ بْنِ حِطَّانَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ فَاقْتُلْهُ. قَالَ: إِنِّي مُعِيلٌ وَأَنَا أُحِبُّ اللَّبَنَ. قَالُوا: إِنَّكَ تُفَادِيهِ فَيَعُودُ فَيَحْرُبُنَا مَالَنَا، فَأَبَى عَلَيْهِمْ وَسَارَ بِهِ إِلَى بَنِي عَامِرِ بْنِ صَعْصَعَةَ لِئَلَّا يُؤْخَذَ فَيُقْتَلَ، وَإِنَّمَا قَصَدَ عَامِرًا لِأَنَّ عَمَّتَهُ خَوْلَةُ بِنْتُ شِهَابٍ كَانَتْ نَاكِحًا فِيهِمْ، فَقَالَ مَالِكُ بْنُ نُوَيْرَةَ فِي ذَلِكَ: لِلَّهِ عَتَّابُ بْنُ مَيَّةَ إِذْ رَأَى إِلَى ثَأْرِنَا فِي كَفِّهِ يَتَلَدَّدُ أَتُحْيِي امْرَأً أَرْدَى بُجَيْرًا وَمَالِكًا وَأَتْوَى حُرَيْثًا بَعْدَمَا كَانَ يَقْصِدُ وَنَحْنُ ثَأَرْنَا قَبْلَ ذَاكَ ابْنَ أُمِّهِ غَدَاةَ الْكُلَابِيِّينَ وَالْجَمْعُ يَشْهَدُ فَلَمَّا تَوَسَّطَ عُتَيْبَةُ بُيُوتَ بَنِي عَامِرٍ صَاحَ بِسْطَامٌ: وَا شَيْبَانَاهُ ! وَلَا شَيْبَانَ لِيَ الْيَوْمَ ! فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ عَامِرُ بْنُ الطُّفَيْلِ: إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ تَلْجَأَ إِلَى قُبَّتِي فَافْعَلْ فَإِنِّي سَأَمْنَعُكَ، وَإِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ فَاقْذِفْ نَفْسَكَ فِي الرَّكِيِّ. فَأَتَى عُتَيْبَةُ تَابِعَهُ مِنَ الْجِنِّ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ، فَأَمَرَ بِبَيْتِهِ فَقُوِّضَ. فَرَكِبَ فَرَسَهُ وَأَخَذَ سِلَاحَهُ ثُمَّ أَتَى مَجْلِسَ بَنِي جَعْفَرٍ، وَفِيهِ عَامِرُ بْنُ الطُّفَيْلِ الْغَنَوِيُّ، فَحَيَّاهُمْ وَقَالَ: يَا عَامِرُ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي الَّذِي أَرْسَلْتَ بِهِ إِلَى بِسْطَامٍ فَأَنَا مُخَيِّرُكَ فِيهِ خِصَالًا ثَلَاثًا. فَقَالَ عَامِرٌ: وَمَا هِيَ ؟ قَالَ: إِنْ شِئْتَ فَأَعْطِنِي خَلْعَتَكَ وَخَلْعَةَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ حَتَّى أُطْلِقَهُ لَكَ، فَلَيْسَتْ خَلَعَتُكَ وَخَلْعَةُ أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ بِشَرٍّ مِنْ خَلْعَتِهِ وَخَلْعَةِ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ. فَقَالَ عَامِرٌ: هَذَا لَا سَبِيلَ إِلَيْهِ. قَالَ عُتَيْبَةُ: ضَعْ رِجْلَكَ مَكَانَ رِجْلِهِ فَلَسْتَ عِنْدِي بِشَرٍّ مِنْهُ. فَقَالَ: مَا كُنْتُ لِأَفْعَلَ. قَالَ عُتَيْبَةُ: تَتْبَعُنِي إِذَا جَاوَزْتُ هَذِهِ الرَّابِيَةَ فَتُقَارِعُنِي عَنْهُ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ. فَقَالَ عَامِرٌ: هَذِهِ أَبْغَضُهُنَّ إِلَيَّ. فَانْصَرَفَ بِهِ عُتَيْبَةُ إِلَى بَنِي عُبَيْدِ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ فَرَأَى بِسْطَامٌ مَرْكَبَ أُمِّ عُتَيْبَةَ رَثًّا فَقَالَ: يَا عُتَيْبَةُ هَذَا رَحْلُ أُمِّكَ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: مَا رَأَيْتُ رَحْلَ أُمِّ سَيِّدٍ قَطُّ مِثْلَ هَذَا. فَقَالَ عُتَيْبَةُ: وَاللَّاتِ وَالْعُزَّى لَا أُطْلِقُكَ حَتَّى تَأْتِنِي أُمُّكَ بِحِدْجِهَا، وَكَانَ كَبِيرًا ذَا ثَمَنٍ كَثِيرٍ، وَهَذَا الَّذِي أَرَادَ بِسْطَامٌ لِيَرْغَبَ فِيهِ فَلَا يَقْتُلَهُ. فَأَرْسَلَ بِسْطَامٌ فَأَحْضَرَ حِدْجَ أُمِّهِ وَفَادَى نَفْسَهُ بِأَرْبَعِمِائَةِ بَعِيرٍ، وَقِيلَ بِأَلْفِ بَعِيرٍ، وَثَلَاثِينَ فَرَسًا وَهَوْدَجِ أُمِّهِ وَحِدْجِهَا، وَخَلَصَ مِنَ الْأَسْرِ. فَلَمَّا خَلَصَ مِنَ الْأَسْرِ أَذْكَى الْعُيُونَ عَلَى عُتَيْبَةَ وَإِبِلِهِ، فَعَادَتْ إِلَيْهِ عُيُونُهُ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ أَنَّهَا عَلَى أَرْبَابٍ، فَأَغَارَ عَلَيْهَا وَأَخَذَ الْإِبِلَ كُلَّهَا وَمَا لَهُمْ مَعَهَا. ( عُتَيْبَةُ بِالتَّاءِ فَوْقَهَا نُقْطَتَانِ، وَالْيَاءِ تَحْتَهَا نُقْطَتَانِ سَاكِنَةً، وَفِي آخِرِهَا بَاءٌ مُوَحَّدَةٌ ).
Translation
✧ The Day of al-Ghabīṭ It was a day on which war took place between Banū Shaybān and Tamīm, and on which Bisṭām b. Qays al-Shaybānī was taken captive. The reason for that was that Bisṭām b. Qays, al-Ḥawfazān b. Sharīk, and Mafrūq b. ʿAmr set out with a gathering of Banū Shaybān to the lands of Tamīm. They raided Thaʿlaba b. Yarbūʿ, Thaʿlaba b. Saʿd b. Ḍabba, Thaʿlaba b. ʿAdī b. Fazāra, and Thaʿlaba b. Saʿd b. Dhubyān, who were living next to one another in the desert of Falj. They fought, and the Thaʿāliba were defeated. A great slaughter befell them, and Banū Shaybān seized their wealth as booty. Then they passed by Banū Mālik b. Ḥanẓala of Tamīm, who were between the desert of Falj and Ghabīṭ al-Madara, and drove off their camels. Banū Mālik rode out against them, led by ʿUtayba b. al-Ḥārith b. Shihāb al-Yarbūʿī and the horsemen of Banū Yarbūʿ, and they went in pursuit of Banū Shaybān. With him were some of the chiefs of Tamīm: al-Uḥaymir b. ʿAbd Allāh, Usayd b. Jubāta, Ḥurr b. Saʿd, and Mālik b. Nuwayra. They caught up with them at Ghabīṭ al-Madara and fought them. Both parties held firm, then Shaybān was defeated and Tamīm recovered the wealth that had been taken from them as booty. Banū Shaybān killed Abū Marḥab Rabīʿa b. Ḥaṣiyya. ʿUtayba b. al-Ḥārith pressed hard upon Bisṭām b. Qays, overtook him, and said to him: "Surrender, Abū al-Ṣahbāʾ, for I am better for you than the desert and thirst." So Bisṭām b. Qays surrendered to him. Banū Thaʿlaba said to ʿUtba: "Abū Marḥab has been killed, and you have taken Bisṭām captive. He is the killer of Mulayl and Bujayr, the two sons of Abū Mulayl, and of Mālik b. Ḥiṭṭān and others, so kill him." He said: "I have dependents, and I love milk." They said: "You will ransom him, and he will return and fight us, taking our wealth." But he refused them and took him to Banū ʿĀmir b. Ṣaʿṣaʿa so that he would not be taken and killed. He headed for ʿĀmir only because his paternal aunt Khawla bt. Shihāb was married among them. Mālik b. Nuwayra said about that: For God's sake, ʿAttāb b. Mayya, when he saw Our vengeance in his hand, turning about, Will you keep alive a man who brought down Bujayr and Mālik, And destroyed Ḥurayth after he had been upright? Yet we had avenged before that the son of his mother On the morning of the Kulābiyyīn, when the gathered host bore witness. When ʿUtayba reached the midst of the dwellings of Banū ʿĀmir, Bisṭām cried out: "O Shaybān! No Shaybān for me today!" ʿĀmir b. al-Ṭufayl sent word to him: "If you can take refuge in my tent, do so, for I shall protect you. If you cannot, throw yourself into the well." A jinn follower came to ʿUtayba and told him of that, so he ordered his tent to be struck. He mounted his horse, took up his weapons, then came to the assembly of Banū Jaʿfar, where ʿĀmir b. al-Ṭufayl al-Ghanawī was present. He greeted them and said: "O ʿĀmir, I have learned of what you sent to Bisṭām, so I offer you three choices regarding him." ʿĀmir said: "What are they?" He said: "If you wish, give me your robe and the robes of your household, and I shall release him to you; your robe and the robes of your household are no worse than his robe and the robes of his household." ʿĀmir said: "There is no way to that." ʿUtayba said: "Put your foot in the place of his foot, for you are no worse in my sight than he." He said: "I will not do that." ʿUtayba said: "Follow me when I pass beyond this hill and fight me for him to the death." ʿĀmir said: "This is the most hateful of them to me." So ʿUtayba departed with him to Banū ʿUbayd b. Thaʿlaba. Bisṭām saw the worn-out saddle of ʿUtayba's mother and said: "O ʿUtayba, is this the saddle of your mother?" He said: "Yes." He said: "I have never seen the saddle of the mother of a chief like this." ʿUtayba said: "By al-Lāt and al-ʿUzzā, I will not release you until your mother brings me her howdah." It was large and of great value. This was what Bisṭām wanted, so that he would desire it and not kill him. Bisṭām sent word and brought his mother's howdah, and ransomed himself with four hundred camels—or, it is said, with a thousand camels—and thirty horses and his mother's litter and howdah, and he was freed from captivity. When he was freed from captivity, he set spies to watch ʿUtayba and his camels. His spies returned to him and told him that they were at Arbāb. He raided them and seized all the camels and whatever wealth they had with them. (ʿUtayba: with a tāʾ with two dots above, a yāʾ with two dots below, unvowelled, and ending in a bāʾ with one dot.)
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.