Tarikh (al-Tabari) 558
Genealogy of Our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Some Accounts of His Forefathers and Ancestors
يَوْمُ الْكُلَابِ الْأَوَّلُ قَالَ ابْنُ الْكَلْبِيِّ: أَوَّلُ مَنِ اشْتَدَّ مُلْكُهُ مِنْ كِنْدَةَ حُجْرٌ آكِلُ الْمُرَارِ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الْكِنْدِيِّ، فَلَمَّا هَلَكَ مَلَكَ بَعْدَهُ ابْنُهُ عَمْرٌو مِثْلَ مُلْكِ أَبِيهِ فَسُمِّيَ الْمَقْصُورَ لِأَنَّهُ قَصَرَ عَلَى مُلْكِ أَبِيهِ، فَتَزَوَّجَ عَمْرٌو أُمَّ أُنَاسٍ بِنْتَ عَوْفِ بْنِ مُحَلَّمٍ الشَّيْبَانِيِّ، فَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ الْحَارِثَ، فَمَلَكَ بَعْدَ أَبِيهِ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً، وَقِيلَ: سِتِّينَ سَنَةً، فَخَرَجَ يَتَصَيَّدُ فَرَأَى عَانَةً وَهِيَ حُمُرُ الْوَحْشِ، فَشَدَّ عَلَيْهَا، فَانْفَرَدَ مِنْهَا حِمَارٌ، فَتَتَبَّعَهُ وَأَقْسَمَ أَنْ لَا يَأْكُلَ شَيْئًا قَبْلَ كَبِدِهِ وَهُوَ بِمُسْحُلَانَ، فَطَلَبَتْهُ الْخَيْلُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ حَتَّى أَدْرَكَتْهُ، فَأُتِيَ بِهِ وَقَدْ كَادَ يَمُوتُ مِنَ الْجُوعِ، فَشُوِيَ عَلَى النَّارِ وَأُطْعِمَ مِنْ كَبِدِهِ وَهِيَ حَارَّةٌ فَمَاتَ. وَكَانَ الْحَارِثُ فَرَّقَ بَنِيهِ فِي قَبَائِلِ مَعَدٍّ، فَجَعَلَ حُجْرًا فِي بَنِي أَسَدٍ وَكِنَانَةَ وَهُوَ أَكْبَرُ وَلَدِهِ، وَجَعَلَ شُرَحْبِيلَ فِي بَكْرِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ وَبَنِي حَنْظَلَةَ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ زَيْدِ مَنَاةَ بْنِ تَمِيمٍ وَبَنِي أُسَيِّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ تَمِيمٍ وَالرِّبَابِ، وَجَعَلَ سَلَمَةَ وَهُوَ أَصْغَرُهُمْ، فِي بَنِي تَغْلِبَ وَالنَّمِرِ بْنِ قَاسِطٍ وَبَنِي سَعْدِ بْنِ زَيْدِ مَنَاةَ بْنِ تَمِيمٍ، وَجَعَلَ ابْنَهُ مَعْدِي كَرِبَ، وَيُعْرَفُ بِغَلْفَاءَ، فِي قَيْسِ عَيْلَانَ، وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ هَذَا فِي قَتْلِ حُجْرٍ أَبِي امْرِئِ الْقَيْسِ، وَإِنَّمَا أَعَدْنَاهُ هَاهُنَا لِلْحَاجَةِ إِلَيْهِ. فَلَمَّا هَلَكَ الْحَارِثُ تَشَتَّتَ أَمْرُ أَوْلَادِهِ وَتَفَرَّقَتْ كَلِمَتُهُمْ وَمَشَى بَيْنَهُمُ الرِّجَالُ، وَكَانَتِ الْمُغَاوَرَةُ بَيْنَ الْأَحْيَاءِ الَّذِينَ مَعَهُمْ، وَتَفَاقَمَ أَمْرُهُمْ حَتَّى جَمَعَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ لِصَاحِبِهِ الْجُمُوعَ وَزَحَفَ إِلَيْهِ بِالْجُيُوشِ. فَسَارَ شُرَحْبِيلُ فِيمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْجُيُوشِ فَنَزَلَ الْكُلَابَ، وَهُوَ مَاءٌ بَيْنَ الْبَصْرَةِ وَالْكُوفَةِ. وَأَقْبَلَ سَلَمَةُ فِيمَنْ مَعَهُ وَفِي الصَّنَائِعِ أَيْضًا، وَهُمْ قَوْمٌ كَانُوا مَعَ الْمُلُوكِ مِنْ شُذَّاذِ الْعَرَبِ، فَأَقْبَلُوا إِلَى الْكُلَابِ، وَعَلَى تَغْلِبَ السَّفَّاحُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ زُهَيْرٍ، فَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، وَثَبَتَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ. فَلَمَّا كَانَ آخِرُ النَّهَارِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ خَذَلَتْ بَنُو حَنْظَلَةَ وَعَمْرِو بْنِ تَمِيمٍ وَالرِّبَابُ بَكْرَ بْنَ وَائِلٍ وَانْهَزَمُوا، وَثَبَتَتْ بَكْرٌ وَانْصَرَفَتْ بَنُو سَعْدٍ وَمَنْ مَعَهَا عَنْ تَغْلِبَ وَصَبَرَتْ تَغْلِبُ، وَنَادَى مُنَادِي شُرَحْبِيلَ: مَنْ أَتَانِي بِرَأْسِ سَلَمَةَ فَلَهُ مِائَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ، وَنَادَى مُنَادِي سَلَمَةَ: مَنْ أَتَانِي بِرَأْسِ شُرَحْبِيلَ فَلَهُ مِائَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ. فَاشْتَدَّ الْقِتَالُ حِينَئِذٍ كُلٌّ يَطْلُبُ أَنْ يَظْفَرَ لَعَلَّهُ يَصِلُ إِلَى قَتْلِ أَحَدِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ لِيَأْخُذَ مِائَةً مِنَ الْإِبِلِ، فَكَانَتِ الْغَلَبَةُ آخِرَ النَّهَارِ لِتَغْلِبَ وَسَلَمَةَ، وَمَضَى شُرَحْبِيلُ مُنْهَزِمًا، فَتَبِعَهُ ذُو السُّنَيْنَةِ التَغْلِبِيُّ، فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَيْهِ شُرَحْبِيلُ فَضَرَبَهُ عَلَى رُكْبَتِهِ فَأَطَنَّ رِجْلَهُ. وَكَانَ ذُو السُّنَيْنَةِ أَخَا أَبِي حَنَشٍ لِأُمِّهِ، فَقَالَ لِأَخِيهِ: قَتَلَنِي الرَّجُلُ ! وَهَلَكَ ذُو السُّنَيْنَةِ ! فَقَالَ أَبُو حَنَشٍ لِشُرَحْبِيلَ: قَتَلَنِي اللَّهُ إِنْ لَمْ أَقْتُلْكَ ! وَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ فَأَدْرَكَهُ، فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا حَنَشٍ اللَّبَنَ اللَّبَنَ ! يَعْنِي الدِّيَةَ. فَقَالَ: قَدْ هَرَقْتَ لَبَنًا كَثِيرًا ! فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا حَنَشٍ أَمَلِكًا بِسُوقَةٍ ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنَّ أَخِي مَلِكِي. فَطَعَنَهُ فَأَلْقَاهُ عَنْ فَرَسِهِ، وَنَزَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَخَذَ رَأْسَهُ وَبَعَثَ بِهِ إِلَى سَلَمَةَ مَعَ ابْنِ عَمٍّ لَهُ، فَأَتَاهُ بِهِ وَأَلْقَاهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، فَقَالَ سَلَمَةُ: لَوْ كُنْتَ أَلْقَيْتَهُ أَرْفَقَ مِنْ هَذَا ! وَعُرِفَتِ النَّدَامَةُ فِي وَجْهِ سَلَمَةَ وَالْجَزَعُ عَلَيْهِ. فَهَرَبَ أَبُو حَنَشٍ مِنْهُ، فَقَالَ سَلَمَةُ: أَلَا أَبْلِغْ أَبَا حَنَشٍ رَسُولًا فَمَا لَكَ لَا تَجِيءُ إِلَى الثَّوَابِ لِتَعْلَمَ أَنَّ خَيْرَ النَّاسِ طُرًّا قَتِيلٌ بَيْنَ أَحْجَارِ الْكُلَابِ تَدَاعَتْ حَوْلَهُ جُشَمُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ وَأَسْلَمَهُ جَعَاسِيسُ الرِّبَابِ فَأَجَابَهُ أَبُو حَنَشٍ فَقَالَ: أُحَاذِرُ أَنْ أَجِيئَكَ ثُمَّ تَحْبُو حِبَاءَ أَبِيكَ يَوْمَ صُنَيْبِعَاتِ وَكَانَتْ غَدْرَةٌ شَنْعَاءُ تَهْفُو تَقَلَّدَهَا أَبُوكَ إِلَى الْمَمَاتِ وَكَانَ سَبَبَ صُنَيْبِعَاتٍ أَنَّ ابْنًا لِلْحَارِثِ كَانَ مُسْتَرْضَعًا فِي تَمِيمٍ وَبَكْرٍ وَلَدَغَتْهُ حَيَّةٌ فَمَاتَ، فَأَخَذَ خَمْسِينَ رَجُلًا مِنْ تَمِيمٍ وَخَمْسِينَ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَكْرٍ فَقَتَلَهُمْ بِهِ. وَلَمَّا قُتِلَ شُرَحْبِيلُ قَامَ بَنُو زَيْدِ مَنَاةَ بْنِ تَمِيمٍ دُونَ أَهْلِهِ وَعِيَالِهِ، فَمَنَعُوهُمْ وَحَالُوا بَيْنَ النَّاسِ وَبَيْنَهُمْ، حَتَّى أَلْحَقُوهُمْ بِقَوْمِهِمْ وَمَأْمَنِهِمْ، وَلَمَّا بَلَغَ خَبَرُ قَتْلِهِ أَخَاهُ مَعْدِي كَرِبَ، وَهُوَ غَلْفَاءُ، قَالَ يَرْثِيهِ: إِنْ جَنْبِي عَنِ الْفِرَاشِ لَنَابِي كَتَجَافِي الْأَسَرِّ فَوْقَ الظِّرَابِ مِنْ حَدِيثٍ نَمَى إِلَيَّ فَمَا تَرْ قَأُ عَيْنِي وَلَا أُسِيغُ شَرَابِي مُرَّةً كَالذُّعَافِ أَكْتُمُهَا النَّا سَ عَلَى حَرِّ مَلَّةٍ كَالشِّهَابِ مِنْ شُرَحْبِيلَ إِذَا تَعَاوَرَهُ الْأَرْ مَاحُ مِنْ بَعْدِ لَذَّةٍ وَشَبَابِ يَا ابْنَ أُمِّي وَلَوْ شَهِدْتُكَ إِذْ تَدْ عُو تَمِيمًا وَأَنْتَ غَيْرُ مُجَابِ ثَمَّ طَاعَنْتُ مِنْ وَرَائِكَ حَتَّى يُبْلَغَ الرَّحْبُ أَوْ تُبَزَّ ثِيَابِي أَحْسَنَتْ وَائِلٌ وَعَادَتُهَا الْإِحْ سَانُ بِالْحِنْوِ يَوْمَ ضَرْبِ الرِّقَابِ يَوْمَ فَرَّتْ بَنُو تَمِيمٍ وَوَلَّتْ خَيْلُهُمْ يَكْتَسِعْنَ بِالْأَذْنَابِ وَهِيَ طَوِيلَةٌ. ثُمَّ إِنَّ تَغْلِبَ أَخْرَجُوا سَلَمَةَ مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ فَلَجَأَ إِلَى بَكْرِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ وَانْضَمَّ إِلَيْهِمْ، وَلَحِقَتْ تَغْلِبُ بِالْمُنْذِرِ بْنِ امْرِئِ الْقَيْسِ اللَّخْمِيِّ. ( الْكُلَابُ: بِضَمِّ الْكَافِ. أُسَيِّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو: بِضَمِّ الْهَمْزَةِ، وَفَتْحِ السِّينِ الْمُهْمَلَةِ، وَتَشْدِيدِ الْيَاءِ الْمُثَنَّاةِ مِنْ تَحْتِ. وَذُو السُّنَيْنَةِ: بِضَمِّ السِّينِ الْمُهْمَلَةِ، تَصْغِيرُ سِنٍّ. وَالرِّبَابُ: بِكَسْرِ الرَّاءِ، وَتَخْفِيفِ الْبَاءِ الْأُولَى الْمُوَحَّدَةِ.
Translation
✧ The First Day of al-Kulāb Ibn al-Kalbī said: The first of Kindah whose kingship became strong was Ḥujr, the Eater of Murārah, son of ʿAmr son of Muʿāwiyah son of al-Ḥārith al-Kindī. When he perished, his son ʿAmr ruled after him with a rule like his father's, and he was called al-Maqṣūr because he confined himself to his father's rule. ʿAmr married Umm Unās bt. ʿAwf b. Muḥallim al-Shaybānī, and she bore him al-Ḥārith, who ruled after his father for forty years — and it is said sixty years. He went out hunting and saw a herd of wild asses. He charged at them, and one ass separated from them. He pursued it and swore that he would not eat anything before its liver, while he was at Musḥulān. The horses sought him for three days until they caught up with him. He was brought back and had nearly died of hunger. It was roasted on the fire, and he was fed from its liver while it was still hot, and he died. Al-Ḥārith had dispersed his sons among the tribes of Maʿadd: he placed Ḥujr, the eldest of his sons, among Banū Asad and Kinānah; he placed Shuraḥbīl among Bakr b. Wāʾil, Banū Ḥanẓalah b. Mālik b. Zayd Manāh b. Tamīm, Banū Usayyid b. ʿAmr b. Tamīm, and al-Ribāb; he placed Salamah, the youngest of them, among Banū Taghlib, al-Namir b. Qāsiṭ, and Banū Saʿd b. Zayd Manāh b. Tamīm; and he placed his son Maʿdī Karib, known as Ghalfāʾ, among Qays ʿAylān. This has already been mentioned in the killing of Ḥujr the father of Imruʾ al-Qays, but we have repeated it here because of the need for it. When al-Ḥārith perished, the affairs of his sons became scattered and their unity dispersed, and men moved among them. Raiding took place between the clans that were with them, and their situation worsened until each of them gathered forces against his brother and marched against him with armies. Shuraḥbīl set out with the armies that were with him and encamped at al-Kulāb, which is a watering place between al-Baṣrah and al-Kūfah. Salamah approached with those who were with him, including the ṣanāʾiʿ — a people who were with the kings from among the outcasts of the Arabs — and they came to al-Kulāb. Over Taghlib was al-Saffāḥ b. Khālid b. Kaʿb b. Zuhayr. They fought a fierce battle, and some of them stood firm against others. At the end of the day, Banū Ḥanẓalah, ʿAmr b. Tamīm, and al-Ribāb abandoned Bakr b. Wāʾil and fled, while Bakr held firm; Banū Saʿd and those with them turned away from Taghlib, while Taghlib endured. A herald of Shuraḥbīl called out: "Whoever brings me the head of Salamah shall have a hundred camels," and a herald of Salamah called out: "Whoever brings me the head of Shuraḥbīl shall have a hundred camels." The fighting intensified then, each seeking to prevail in the hope of killing one of the two men and taking a hundred camels. The victory at the end of the day went to Taghlib and Salamah. Shuraḥbīl fled defeated, and Dhū al-Sunaynah al-Taghlibī pursued him. Shuraḥbīl turned to him and struck him on his knee, severing his leg. Dhū al-Sunaynah was the maternal brother of Abū Ḥanash. He said to his brother: "The man has killed me!" And Dhū al-Sunaynah perished. Abū Ḥanash said to Shuraḥbīl: "May God kill me if I do not kill you!" He charged at him and caught up with him. Shuraḥbīl said: "O Abū Ḥanash, the milk, the milk!" — meaning the blood money. He replied: "You have spilled much milk!" Shuraḥbīl said: "O Abū Ḥanash, a king for a commoner?" He replied: "My brother is my king." Then he thrust him with his spear and threw him from his horse. He dismounted, took his head, and sent it to Salamah with a cousin of his, who brought it to him and cast it before him. Salamah said: "Would that you had cast it more gently than this!" Remorse and grief over him appeared on Salamah's face. Abū Ḥanash fled from him, and Salamah said: Will you not convey to Abū Ḥanash a message — what is wrong with you that you do not come to the reward? So that you may know that the best of all people Is a slain man among the stones of al-Kulāb. Jusham b. Bakr gathered around him, And the spies of al-Ribāb abandoned him. Abū Ḥanash answered him, saying: I fear that if I come to you, you will bestow The gift of your father on the day of Ṣunaybiʿāt. It was a monstrous treachery that blows about, Which your father wore until death. The reason for Ṣunaybiʿāt was that a son of al-Ḥārith was being fostered among Tamīm and Bakr when a snake bit him and he died. So al-Ḥārith took fifty men of Tamīm and fifty men of Bakr and killed them in retaliation for him. When Shuraḥbīl was killed, Banū Zayd Manāh b. Tamīm protected his family and dependents. They defended them and stood between the people and them, until they joined them to their people and their place of safety. When the news of his killing reached his brother Maʿdī Karib, who is Ghalfāʾ, he said, elegizing him: My side shuns the bed, Like the turning away of a captive above the hilltops, From a report that came to me, so my eye does not Cease from tears, nor can I swallow my drink, Bitter as deadly poison, which I conceal from people On the heat of embers like a flame, Of Shuraḥbīl, when the lances traded blows over him After delight and youth. O son of my mother, had I witnessed you when you called Tamīm and received no answer, Then I would have thrust from behind you until The wide space was reached or my garments were stripped. Wāʾil did well, and their custom is to do well, At al-Ḥinw on the day when necks were struck, The day Banū Tamīm fled and their horses turned away, Beating their tails. And the poem is long. Then Taghlib expelled Salamah from among them, and he took refuge with Bakr b. Wāʾil and joined them, while Taghlib joined al-Mundhir b. Imriʾ al-Qays al-Lakhmī. (al-Kulāb: with ḍammah on the kāf. Usayyid b. ʿAmr: with ḍammah on the hamzah, fatḥah on the unpointed sīn, and shaddah on the yāʾ with two dots beneath. Dhū al-Sunaynah: with ḍammah on the unpointed sīn, diminutive of sinn. al-Ribāb: with kasrah on the rāʾ and without shaddah on the first bāʾ, which has one dot.)
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.