Tarikh (al-Tabari) 55
The story of the creation of Adam (peace be upon him)
مَا هَبَطَ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ قَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيُّ: لَمَّا أَخْرَجَهُ اللَّهُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ زَوَّدَهُ مِنْ ثِمَارِهَا، فَثِمَارُكُمْ هَذِهِ مِنْ ثِمَارِهَا. غَيْرَ هَذِهِ تَتَغَيَّرُ، وَتِلْكَ لَا تَتَغَيَّرُ وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: كَانَ حِينَ أُخْرِجُ لَا يَمُرُّ بِشَيْءٍ إِلَّا عَبَثَ بِهِ، فَقِيلَ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ: دَعُوهُ فَلْيَتَزَوَّدْ مِنْهَا مَا شَاءَ، فَنَزَلَ بِالْهِنْدِ، وَإِنَّ هَذَا الطِّيبَ الَّذِي يُجَاءُ بِهِ مِنَ الْهِنْدِ مِمَّا خَرَجَ بِهِ آدَمُ. وَرَوَى أَبُو صَالِحٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: نَزَلَ آدَمُ مَعَهُ رِيحُ الْجَنَّةِ فَعَلِقَ بِشَجَرِهَا وَأَوْدِيَتِهَا – يَعْنِي الْهِنْدَ - وَأُنْزِلَ مَعَهُ الْحَجَرُ الْأَسْوَدُ، وَكَانَ أَشَدَّ بَيَاضًا مِنَ الثَّلْجِ ، وَعَصَا مُوسَى، وَكَانَتْ مِنْ آسِ الْجَنَّةِ، طُولُهَا عَشَرَةُ أَذْرُعٍ، وَمُرٌّ، وَلُبَانٌ. وَقَالَ أَبُو الْعَالِيَةِ: أُخْرِجَ وَمَعَهُ غُصْنٌ مَنْ شَجَرِ الْجَنَّةِ، وَعَلَى رَأْسِهِ تَاجٌ أَوْ إِكْلِيلٌ مِنْ شَجَرِ الْجَنَّةِ. وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ: أُهْبِطَ آدَمُ عَلَى جَبَلٍ بِالْهِنْدِ وَعَلَى رَأْسِهِ إِكْلِيلٌ مِنْ [شَجَرِ] الْجَنَّةِ فَعَبِقَ رِيحُ ذَلِكَ الْإِكْلِيلِ بِشَجَرِ ذَلِكَ الْجَبَلِ فَصَارَ طِيبًا. وعن أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ الْبَرِّ، قَالَ: أُهْبِطَ آدَمُ بِالْهِنْدِ فِي جَزِيرَةِ سَرَنْدِيبَ عَلَى جَبَلٍ يُدْعَى نَوْذُ، وَعَلَى آدَمَ الْوَرَقُ الَّذِي خَصَفَهُ فَيَبِسَ فَتَحَاتَّ فَنَبَتَ مِنْهُ أَنْوَاعُ الطِّيبِ وَالثِّمَارِ، فَعَلَى ذَلِكَ الْجَبَلِ: الْعُودُ، وَالسُّنْبُلُ، وَالْقَرَنْفُلُ، وَالْأَفَاوَيْهِ، وَدَابَّةُ الْمِسْكِ، وَدَابَّةُ الزَّبَادِ، وَحَوْلَ الْجَبَلِ الْيَاقُوتُ، وَفِي وَادِيهِ الْمَاسُ، وَفِي أَرْضِ تِلْكَ الْجَزِيرَةِ السَّفَاذِجُ، وَفِي أَنْهَارِهَا الْبَلُّورُ، وَفِي بَحْرِهَا اللُّؤْلُؤُ. وَأُخْرِجَ آدَمُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ مَعَهُ صُرَّةُ حِنْطَةٍ، وَثَلَاثِينَ نَصِيبًا مِنْ ثَمَرِ الْجَنَّةِ ، عَشَرَةٌ فِي الْقُشُورِ: الْجَوْزُ، وَاللَّوْزُ، وَالْفُسْتُقُ، وَالْبُنْدُقُ، وَالْخَشْخَاشُ، وَالْبَلُّوطُ، وَالشَّاهْبَلُّوطُ، وَالْجَوْزُ الْهِنْدِيُّ، وَالرُّمَّانُ، وَالْمَوْزُ. وَعَشَرَةٌ لَهَا نَوًى: الْخَوْخُ، وَالْمِشْمِشُ وَالْإِجَّاصُ، وَالرُّطَبُ، وَالْغُبَيْرَاءُ، وَالنَّبْقُ، وَالزُّعْرُورُ، وَالْعُنَّابُ، وَالْمَقْلُ وَالشَّامَلُّوكُ. وَعَشَرَةٌ لَا قُشُورَ لَهَا وَلَا نَوًى: التُّفَّاحُ، وَالسَّفَرْجَلُ، وَالْكُمَّثْرَى، وَالْعِنَبُ، وَالتُّوتُ، وَالتِّينُ، وَالْأُتْرُجُّ، وَالْخَرُّوبُ، وَالْخِيَارُ، وَالْبِطِّيخُ. وَأُنْزِلَ عَلَى آدَمَ مِنَ الصُّحُفِ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرُونَ صَحِيفَةً ، وَحُرِّمَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَيِّتَةُ وَالدَّمُ وَلَحْمُ الْخِنْزِيرِ، وَفُرِضَ عَلَيْهِ صَلَاةُ خَمْسِينَ رَكْعَةً. وعَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "لَمَّا أَهْبَطَ اللَّهُ آدَمَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ حَزِنَ عَلَيْهِ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ جَاوَرَهُ إِلَّا الذَّهَبُ وَالْفِضَّةُ، فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمَا: جَاوَرْتُكُمَا بِعَبْدٍ مِنْ عِبَادِي، ثُمَّ أُهْبِطُهُ مِنْ جِوَارِكُمَا، فَحَزِنَ عَلَيْهِ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا أَنْتُمَا، قَالَا: إِلَهَنَا وَسَيِّدَنَا، أَنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ جَاوَرْتَنَا بِهِ وَهُوَ لَكَ مُطِيعٌ، فَلَمَّا عَصَاكَ لَمْ نُحِبَّ أَنْ نَحْزَنَ عَلَيْهِ، فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهُمَا: وَعِزَّتِي وَجَلَالِي لَأُعِزَّنَّكُمَا حَتَّى لَا يُنَالَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا بِكُمَا". وعَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، قَالَ: أُهْبِطَ آدَمُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ وَلَيْسَ فِي الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا حُوتٌ وَنَسْرٌ، فَكَانَ النَّسْرُ إِذَا أَمْسَى آوَى إِلَى الْحُوتِ فَيَبِيتُ عِنْدَهُ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى النَّسْرُ آدَمَ أَتَى إِلَى الْحُوتِ، فَقَالَ: يَا حُوتُ قَدْ أُهْبِطَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ شَيْءٌ يَمْشِي عَلَى رِجْلَيْهِ وَيَبْطِشُ بِيَدِهِ، فَقَالَتْ: إِنْ كُنْتَ صَادِقًا فَمَا لِي فِي الْبَحْرِ مَهْرَبٌ، وَلَا لَكَ فِي الْبَرِّ مَهْرَبٌ. يُرِيدُ أَنَّهُ يَحْتَالُ عَلَيْهِمَا. وَأَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَائِيلَ بِصُرَّةٍ فِيهَا حِنْطَةٌ، فَقَالَ آدَمُ: مَا هَذَا ؟ قَالَ: هَذَا الَّذِي أَخْرَجَكَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ فَقَالَ: مَا أَصْنَعُ بِهِ ؟ فَقَالَ: انْثُرْهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ. فَفَعَلَ، فَأَنْبَتَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ سَاعَتِهِ، ثُمَّ حَصَدَهُ، وَجَمَعَهُ، وَفَرَكَهُ، وَذَرَاهُ، وَطَحَنَهُ، وَعَجَنَهُ، وَخَبَزَهُ، كُلُّ ذَلِكَ بِتَعْلِيمِ جَبْرَائِيلَ، وَجَمَعَ لَهُ جَبْرَائِيلُ الْحَجَرَ وَالْحَدِيدَ، فَقَدَحَهُ، فَخَرَجَتْ مِنْهُ النَّارُ، وَعَلَّمَهُ جَبْرَائِيلُ صَنْعَةَ الْحَدِيدِ، وَالْحِرَاثَةَ، وَأَنْزَلَ إِلَيْهِ ثَوْرًا، فَكَانَ يَحْرُثُ عَلَيْهِ، قِيلَ هُوَ الشَّقَاءُ الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِقَوْلِهِ: فَلَا يُخْرِجَنَّكُمَا مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ فَتَشْقَى. وَقَالَ السُّدِّيُّ: نَزَلَ آدَمُ بِالْهِنْدِ، وَنَزَلَ مَعَهُ بِالْحَجَرِ الْأَسْوَدِ وَبِقَبْضَةٍ مِنْ وَرَقِ الْجَنَّةِ، فَبَثَّهُ فِي الْهِنْدِ فَنَبَتَتْ شَجَرَةُ الطِّيبِ هُنَاكَ.
Translation
✧ What descended with him from the Garden Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī said: When Allah brought him out of the Garden, He provisioned him with some of its fruits. These fruits of yours are from its fruits. Other than these change, but those do not change. Ibn ʿAbbās said: When he was brought out, he did not pass by anything without playing with it. So it was said to the angels: Leave him, let him provision himself from it as he wishes. He descended in India, and this perfume that is brought from India is among what Ādam brought out with him. Abū Ṣāliḥ related from Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: Ādam descended with him the scent of the Garden, and it clung to its trees and valleys – meaning India – and the Black Stone was sent down with him, and it was whiter than snow, and the staff of Mūsā, which was of myrtle of the Garden, its length ten cubits, and myrrh, and frankincense. Abū al-ʿĀliyah said: He was brought out with a branch of the trees of the Garden, and on his head a crown or a wreath of the trees of the Garden. Qatādah said: Ādam was brought down on a mountain in India with on his head a wreath of [the trees of] the Garden, and the scent of that wreath clung to the trees of that mountain and became perfume. And from Abū al-Ḥasan b. al-Barr, who said: Ādam was brought down in India on the island of Sarandīb on a mountain called Nawdh, and on Ādam was the leaf with which he had patched himself, and it dried and crumbled, and from it grew kinds of perfume and fruits. So on that mountain are: aloeswood, spikenard, cloves, spices, the musk animal, and the civet animal. Around the mountain are rubies, in its valley diamonds, in the land of that island emery, in its rivers crystal, and in its sea pearls. And Ādam was brought out of the Garden with a bag of wheat and thirty portions of the fruits of the Garden: ten in shells: walnut, almond, pistachio, hazelnut, poppy, acorn, chestnut, coconut, pomegranate, and banana. And ten that have pits: peach, apricot, plum, fresh dates, serviceberry, jujube, hawthorn, jujube, doom palm fruit, and wild plum. And ten that have neither shells nor pits: apple, quince, pear, grape, mulberry, fig, citron, carob, cucumber, and watermelon. And on Ādam were sent down twenty-one scriptures, and carrion, blood, and pork were forbidden to him, and fifty rakʿahs of prayer were made obligatory on him. And from Anas b. Mālik, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "When Allah brought Ādam down from the Garden to the earth, everything that neighbored him grieved for him except gold and silver. So Allah revealed to them: I neighbored you with a servant of My servants, then I brought him down from your vicinity, and everything grieved for him except you two. They said: Our God and our Master, You know that You neighbored us with him and he was obedient to You. So when he disobeyed You, we did not like to grieve for him. So Allah revealed to them: By My might and My majesty, I will surely honor you two so that nothing can be obtained except through you two." And from Saʿīd b. Jubayr, who said: Ādam ﷺ was brought down to the earth, and on the earth there was nothing but a fish and a vulture. When the vulture spent the evening, it would repair to the fish and spend the night with it. When the vulture saw Ādam, it came to the fish and said: O fish, something has been brought down to the earth that walks on its two legs and strikes with its hand. The fish said: If you are truthful, there is no escape for me in the sea, nor for you on land. Meaning that he would scheme against them both. And Jibrīl came down to him with a bag containing wheat. Ādam said: What is this? He said: This is what brought you out of the Garden. He said: What do I do with it? He said: Scatter it in the earth. He did so, and Allah made it grow immediately. Then he reaped it, gathered it, rubbed it, winnowed it, ground it, kneaded it, and baked it, all of that with the teaching of Jibrīl. And Jibrīl gathered for him stone and iron, and he struck fire from them, and fire came out. And Jibrīl taught him the craft of iron and plowing, and sent down to him a bull, and he plowed with it. It is said that this is the hardship that Allah Most High mentioned in His saying: "so let him not expel you both from the Garden, for then you would suffer". Al-Suddī said: Ādam descended in India, and with him came down the Black Stone and a handful of leaves of the Garden, which he scattered in India, and the tree of perfume grew there.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.