Tarikh (al-Tabari) 547
Genealogy of Our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Some Accounts of His Forefathers and Ancestors
[ قُصَيٌّ أَمِيرًا عَلَى مَكَّةَ وَسَبَبُ تَسْمِيَتِهِ مُجَمِّعًا ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَوَلِيَ قُصَيٌّ الْبَيْتَ وَأَمْرَ مَكَّةَ، وَجَمَعَ قَوْمَهُ مِنْ مَنَازِلِهِمْ إلَى مَكَّةَ، وَتَمَلَّكَ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ وَأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ فَمَلَّكُوهُ. إلَّا أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَقَرَّ لِلْعَرَبِ مَا كَانُوا عَلَيْهِ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَرَاهُ دِينًا فِي نَفْسِهِ لَا يَنْبَغِي تَغْيِيرُهُ. فَأَقَرَّ آلَ صَفْوَانَ وَعَدْوَانَ وَالنِّسْأَةَ وَمُرَّةَ بْنَ عَوْفٍ عَلَى مَا كَانُوا عَلَيْهِ، حَتَّى جَاءَ الْإِسْلَامُ فَهَدَمَ اللَّهُ بِهِ ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ. فَكَانَ قُصَيٌّ أَوَّلَ بَنِي كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ أَصَابَ مُلْكًا أَطَاعَ لَهُ بِهِ قَوْمُهُ، فَكَانَتْ إلَيْهِ الْحِجَابَةُ، وَالسِّقَايَةُ، وَالرِّفَادَةُ، وَالنَّدْوَةُ، وَاللِّوَاءُ، فَحَازَ شَرَفَ مَكَّةَ كُلَّهُ. وَقَطَعَ مَكَّةَ رِبَاعًا بَيْنَ قَوْمِهِ، فَأَنْزَلَ كُلَّ قَوْمٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ مَنَازِلَهُمْ مِنْ مَكَّةَ الَّتِي أَصْبَحُوا عَلَيْهَا، وَيَزْعُمُ النَّاسُ أَنَّ قُرَيْشًا هَابُوا قَطْعَ شَجَرِ الْحَرَمِ فِي مَنَازِلِهِمْ فَقَطَعَهَا قُصَيٌّ بِيَدِهِ وَأَعْوَانِهِ، فَسَمَّتْهُ قُرَيْشٌ مُجَمِّعًا لِمَا جَمَعَ مِنْ أَمْرِهَا، وَتَيَمَّنَتْ بِأَمْرِهِ، فَمَا تُنْكَحُ امْرَأَةٌ، وَلَا يَتَزَوَّجُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، وَمَا يَتَشَاوَرُونَ فِي أَمْرٍ نَزَلَ بِهِمْ، وَلَا يَعْقِدُونَ لِوَاءً لِحَرْبِ قَوْمٍ مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ إلَّا فِي دَارِهِ، يَعْقِدُهُ لَهُمْ بَعْضُ وَلَدِهِ، وَمَا تَدَّرِعُ جَارِيَةٌ إذَا بَلَغَتْ أَنْ تَدَّرِعَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إلَّا فِي دَارِهِ، يَشُقُّ عَلَيْهَا فِيهَا دِرْعَهَا ثُمَّ تَدَّرِعُهُ، ثُمَّ يَنْطَلِقُ بِهَا إلَى أَهْلِهَا. فَكَانَ أَمْرُهُ فِي قَوْمِهِ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فِي حَيَاتِهِ، وَمِنْ بَعْدِ مَوْتِهِ، كَالدِّينِ الْمُتَّبِعِ لَا يُعْمَلُ بِغَيْرِهِ. وَاِتَّخَذَ لِنَفْسِهِ دَارَ النَّدْوَةِ وَجَعَلَ بَابَهَا إلَى مَسْجِدِ الْكَعْبَةِ، فَفِيهَا كَانَتْ قُرَيْشٌ تَقْضِي أُمُورَهَا. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَقَالَ الشَّاعِرُ: : قُصَيٌّ لَعَمْرِي كَانَ يُدَعَّى مُجَمِّعًا بِهِ جَمَعَ اللَّهُ الْقَبَائِلَ مِنْ فِهْرِ قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ السَّائِبَ بْنَ خَبَّابٍ صَاحِبَ الْمَقْصُورَةِ يُحَدِّثُ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَجُلًا يُحَدِّثُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، وَهُوَ خَلِيفَةٌ، حَدِيثَ قُصَيِّ بْنِ كِلَابٍ، وَمَا جَمَعَ مِنْ أَمْرِ قَوْمِهِ، وَإِخْرَاجِهِ خُزَاعَةَ وَبَنِيَّ بَكْرٍ مِنْ مَكَّةَ، وَوِلَايَتِهِ الْبَيْتَ وَأَمْرَ مَكَّةَ، فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ وَلَمْ يُنْكِرْهُ.
Translation
✧ [ Quṣayy as ruler over Makkah and the reason he was named Mujammiʿ ] Ibn Isḥāq said: Quṣayy took charge of the House and the affairs of Makkah, gathered his people from their dwellings to Makkah, and assumed kingship over his people and the people of Makkah, and they made him king. Except that he confirmed for the Arabs what they had been upon, since he regarded that as a religion in his own view that should not be changed. He confirmed the family of Ṣafwān, ʿAdwān, the nasiʾah, and Murrah b. ʿAwf upon what they had been upon, until Islam came and Allah demolished all of that through it. Quṣayy was the first of the Banū Kaʿb b. Luʾayy to attain kingship to which his people rendered obedience. To him belonged the ḥijābah, the siqāyah, the rifādah, the nadwah, and the liwāʾ, and so he seized all the honor of Makkah. He divided Makkah into quarters among his people and settled each group of Quraysh in their dwellings in Makkah in which they came to be. People claim that Quraysh feared cutting the trees of the sanctuary in their dwellings, but Quṣayy cut them down with his own hand and with his helpers. So Quraysh named him Mujammiʿ (the Gatherer) because of what he gathered of their affairs, and they took blessing from his command. No woman of Quraysh was married, and no man of Quraysh took a wife; they did not consult with one another about a matter that befell them; and they did not tie a banner for war against any people other than themselves except in his house, one of his sons tying it for them. And no girl of Quraysh, when she reached the age to put on a shift, put on her shift except in his house: he would slit her shift for her there, then she would put it on, then he would send her off to her family. Thus his authority among his people of Quraysh, during his lifetime and after his death, was like a followed religion, nothing else being acted upon. He took for himself the Dār al-Nadwah (council house) and made its door facing the mosque of the Kaʿbah. In it Quraysh used to settle their affairs. Ibn Hishām said: The poet said: : Quṣayy, by my life, was called Mujammiʿ; through him Allah gathered the tribes of Fihr. Ibn Isḥāq said: ʿAbd al-Malik b. Rāshid related to me from his father, who said: I heard al-Sāʾib b. Khabbāb, the companion of the maqṣūrah, relate that he heard a man relate to ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb, while he was caliph, the account of Quṣayy b. Kilāb, what he gathered of the affairs of his people, his expulsion of Khuzāʿah and Banū Bakr from Makkah, and his authority over the House and the affairs of Makkah, and he did not reject that or deny it.
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