Tarikh (al-Tabari) 477
Genealogy of Our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Some Accounts of His Forefathers and Ancestors
[ مَا كَانَ يَفْعَلُهُ الْعَرَبُ مَعَ الْأَصْنَامِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَاِتَّخَذَ أَهْلُ كُلِّ دَارٍ فِي دَارِهِمْ صَنَمًا يَعْبُدُونَهُ، فَإِذَا أَرَادَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ سَفَرًا تَمَسَّحَ بِهِ حِينَ يَرْكَبُ، فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ آخِرَ مَا يَصْنَعُ حِينَ يَتَوَجَّهُ إلَى سَفَرِهِ، وَإِذَا قَدِمَ مِنْ سَفَرِهِ تَمَسَّحَ بِهِ فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ أَوَّلَ مَا يَبْدَأُ بِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ فَلَمَّا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ رَسُولَهُ مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ بِالتَّوْحِيدِ، قَالَتْ قُرَيْشٌ: أَجَعَلَ الْآلِهَةَ إِلَهًا وَاحِدًا إِنَّ هَذَا لَشَيْءٌ عُجَابٌ وَكَانَتْ الْعَرَبُ قَدْ اتَّخَذَتْ مَعَ الْكَعْبَةِ طَوَاغِيتَ وَهِيَ بُيُوتٌ تُعَظِّمُهَا كَتَعْظِيمِ الْكَعْبَةِ، لَهَا سَدَنَةٌ وَحُجَّابٌ، وَتُهْدِي لَهَا كَمَا تُهْدِي لِلْكَعْبَةِ، وَتَطُوفُ بِهِ كَطَوَافِهَا بِهَا، وَتَنْحَرُ عِنْدَهَا. وَهَى تَعْرِفُ فَضْلَ الْكَعْبَةِ عَلَيْهَا، لِأَنَّهَا كَانَتْ قَدْ عَرَفَتْ أَنَّهَا بَيْتُ إبْرَاهِيمَ الْخَلِيلِ وَمَسْجِدُهُ. [ الْعُزَّى وَسَدَنَتُهَا ] فَكَانَتْ لِقُرَيْشِ وَبَنِيَّ كِنَانَةَ الْعُزَّى بِنَخْلَةٍ، وَكَانَ سَدَنَتَهَا وَحُجَّابَهَا بَنُو شَيْبَانَ، مِنْ سُلَيْمٍ، حُلَفَاءِ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: حُلَفَاءُ ( بَنِي ) أَبِي طَالِبٍ خَاصَّةً؛ وَسُلَيْمٌ: سُلَيْمُ بْنُ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ عِكْرِمَةَ بْنِ خَصَفَةَ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ عَيْلَانَ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَقَالَ شَاعِرٌ مِنْ الْعَرَبِ: لَقَدْ أُنْكِحَتْ أَسْمَاءُ رَأْسَ بُقَيْرَةٍ مِنْ الْأُدْمِ أَهْدَاهَا امْرُؤٌ مِنْ بَنِي غَنْمِ رَأَى قَدَعَا فِي عَيْنِهَا إذْ يَسُوقُهَا إلَى غَبْغَبِ الْعُزَّى فَوَسَّعَ فِي الْقَسْمِ وَكَذَلِكَ كَانُوا يَصْنَعُونَ إذَا نَحَرُوا هَدْيًا قَسَّمُوهُ فِي مَنْ حَضَرَهُمْ. وَالْغَبْغَبُ: الْمَنْحَرُ وَمِهْرَاقُ الدِّمَاءِ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَهَذَانِ الْبَيْتَانِ لِأَبِي خِرَاشٍ: الْهُذَلِيِّ، وَاسْمُهُ خُوَيْلِدُ بْنُ مُرَّةَ، فِي أَبْيَاتٍ لَهُ. [ مَعْنَى السَّدَنَةِ ] وَالسَّدَنَةُ: الَّذِينَ يَقُومُونَ بِأَمْرِ الْكَعْبَةِ. قَالَ رُؤْبَةُ بْنُ الْعَجَّاجِ: : فَلَا وَرَبِّ الْآمِنَاتِ الْقُطَّنِ بِمَحْبَسِ الْهَدْى وَبَيْتِ الْمَسْدَنِ وَهَذَانِ الْبَيْتَانِ فِي أُرْجُوزَةٍ لَهُ، وَسَأَذْكُرُ حَدِيثَهَا إنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي مَوْضِعِهِ. [ اللَّاتُ وَسَدَنَتُهَا ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَتْ اللَّاتُ لِثَقِيفِ بِالطَّائِفِ، وَكَانَ سَدَنَتَهَا وَحُجَّابَهَا بَنُو مُعَتِّبٍ مِنْ ثَقِيفٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَسَأَذْكُرُ حَدِيثَهَا إنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي مَوْضِعِهِ. [ مَنَاةُ وَسَدَنَتُهَا وَهَدْمُهَا ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَتْ مَنَاةُ لِلْأَوْسِ وَالْخَزْرَجِ، وَمَنْ دَانَ بِدِينِهِمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ يَثْرِبَ، عَلَى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ الْمُشَلَّلِ بِقُدَيْدٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَقَالَ الْكُمَيْتُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ أَحَدُ بَنِي أَسْدِ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ بْنِ مُدْرِكَةَ: : وَقَدْ آلَتْ قَبَائِلُ لَا تُوَلَّى مَنَاةَ ظُهُورَهَا مُتَحَرَّفِينَا وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي قَصِيدَةٍ لَهُ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَيْهَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ بْنَ حَرْبٍ فَهَدَمَهَا. وَيُقَالُ: عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ. [ ذُو الْخَلَصَةِ وَسَدَنَتُهُ وَهَدْمُهُ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ ذُو الْخَلَصَةِ لِدَوْسٍ وَخَثْعَمَ وَبَجِيلَةَ، وَمَنْ كَانَ بِبِلَادِهِمْ مِنْ الْعَرَبِ بِتَبَالَةَ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَيُقَالُ: ذُو الْخُلُصَةِ. قَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ الْعَرَبِ: : لَوْ كُنْتَ يَا ذَا الْخُلُصِ الْمَوْتُورَا مِثْلِي وَكَانَ شَيْخُكَ الْمَقْبُورَا لَمْ تَنْهَ عَنْ قَتْلِ الْعُدَاةِ زُورَا قَالَ: وَكَانَ أَبُوهُ قُتِلَ، فَأَرَادَ الطَّلَبَ بِثَأْرِهِ، فَأَتَى ذَا الْخَلَصَةِ، فَاسْتَقْسَمَ عِنْدَهُ بِالْأَزْلَامِ، فَخَرَجَ السَّهْمُ بِنَهْيِهِ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ هَذِهِ الْأَبْيَاتَ. وَمِنْ النَّاسِ مَنْ يُنْحِلُهَا امْرَأَ الْقَيْسِ بْنِ حُجْرٍ الْكِنْدِيَّ. فَبَعَثَ إلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَرِيرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَجَلِيَّ فَهَدَمَهُ. [ فِلْسٌ وَسَدَنَتُهُ وَهَدْمُهُ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَتْ فِلْسُ لِطَيِّئٍ وَمَنْ يَلِيهَا بِجَبَلَيْ طَيِّئٍ، يَعْنِي سَلْمَى وَأَجَأَ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: فَحَدَّثَنِي بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ إلَيْهَا عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَهَدَمَهَا، فَوَجَدَ فِيهَا سَيْفَيْنِ، يُقَالُ لِأَحَدِهِمَا: الرَّسُوبُ، وَلِلْآخِرِ: الْمِخْذَمُ. فَأَتَى بِهِمَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَوَهَبَهُمَا لَهُ، فَهُمَا سَيْفَا عَلِيٍّ ؓ. [ رِئَامٌ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ لِحِمْيَرَ وَأَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ بَيْتٌ بِصَنْعَاءَ يُقَالُ لَهُ: رِئَامٌ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: قَدْ ذَكَرْتُ حَدِيثَهُ فِيمَا مَضَى. [ رُضَاءٌ وَسَدَنَتُهُ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَتْ رُضَاءٌ بَيْتًا لِبَنِي رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ زَيْدِ مَنَاةَ بْنِ تَمِيمٍ، وَلَهَا يَقُولُ المُسْتَوْغِرُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ حِينَ هَدَمَهَا فِي الْإِسْلَامِ: : وَلَقَدْ شَدَدْتُ عَلَى رُضَاءٍ شَدَّةً فَتَرَكْتُهَا قَفْرًا بِقَاعِ أَسْحَمَا قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: قَوْلُهُ: فَتَرَكْتهَا قَفْرًا بِقَاعِ أَسْحَمَا عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي سَعْدٍ. [ ذُو الْكَعَبَاتِ وَسَدَنَتُهُ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ ذُو الْكَعَبَاتِ لِبَكْرِ وَتَغْلِبَ ابْنَيْ وَائِلٍ وَإِيَادٍ بِسَنْدَادٍ وَلَهُ يَقُولُ أَعْشَى بَنِي قَيْسِ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ: : بَيْنَ الْخَوَرْنَقِ وَالسَّدِيرِ وَبَارِقٍ وَالْبَيْتِ ذِي الْكَعَبَاتِ مِنْ سَنْدَادِ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ لِلْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ يَعْفُرَ النَّهْشَلِيِّ. نَهْشَلُ بْنُ دَارِمِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ حَنْظَلَةَ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ زَيْدِ مَنَاةَ بْنِ تَمِيمٍ، فِي قَصِيدَةٍ لَهُ. وَأَنْشَدَنِيهِ أَبُو مُحْرِزٍ خَلَفٌ الْأَحْمَرُ: : أَهْلُ الْخَوَرْنَقِ وَالسَّدِيرِ وَبَارِقٍ وَالْبَيْتِ ذِي الشُّرُفَاتِ مِنْ سِنْدَادِ
Translation
✧ [What the Arabs used to do with the idols ] Ibn Isḥāq said: The people of every house took for themselves in their house an idol which they worshipped. When a man among them intended to travel, he would wipe himself with it when he mounted; that was the last thing he did when setting out on his journey. When he arrived from a journey, he would wipe himself with it; that was the first thing he began with before entering upon his family. When Allah sent His Messenger Muḥammad ﷺ with monotheism, Quraysh said: "Has he made the gods one God? Indeed, this is a strange thing." The Arabs had taken, along with the Kaʿbah, ṭawāghīt (idol temples), which were houses they venerated as they venerated the Kaʿbah. They had custodians (sadanah) and doorkeepers (ḥujjāb), and they offered gifts to them as they offered gifts to the Kaʿbah, circumambulated them as they circumambulated it, and sacrificed at them. Yet they recognized the superiority of the Kaʿbah over them, because they had known that it was the House of Ibrāhīm al-Khalīl and his mosque. [Al-ʿUzzā and its custodians ] Quraysh and Banū Kinānah had al-ʿUzzā at Nakhlah. Its custodians and doorkeepers were Banū Shaybān, from Sulaym, allies of Banū Hāshim. Ibn Hishām said: allies of Banū Abī Ṭālib in particular. Sulaym is Sulaym b. Manṣūr b. ʿIkrimah b. Khaṣafah b. Qays b. ʿAylān. Ibn Isḥāq said: A poet of the Arabs said: Asmāʾ was married to the head of Buqayrah, of the white-footed dark antelopes, an offering presented by a man of Banū Ghanm. He saw a defect in her eye as he drove her to the gh abghab of al-ʿUzzā, and he enlarged the allotted share. Thus they used to do when they slaughtered sacrificial animals: they divided it among those who were present. Al-ghabghab is the place of slaughter and the pouring of blood. Ibn Hishām said: These two verses are by Abū Khirāsh al-Hudhalī, whose name is Khuwaylid b. Murrah, in some verses of his. [The meaning of sadanah ] Al-sadanah are those who attend to the affairs of the Kaʿbah. Ruʾbah b. al-ʿAjjāj said: : No, by the Lord of the secure, long-inhabited ones, at the place where offerings are confined and the house of the masdan. These two verses are in a poem of his in rajaz meter, and I shall mention its account, if Allah Almighty wills, in its proper place. [Al-Lāt and its custodians ] Ibn Isḥāq said: Al-Lāt belonged to Thaqīf at al-Ṭāʾif. Its custodians and doorkeepers were Banū Muʿattib of Thaqīf. Ibn Hishām said: I shall mention its account, if Allah Almighty wills, in its proper place. [Manāh, its custodians, and its destruction ] Ibn Isḥāq said: Manāh belonged to al-Aws and al-Khazraj and those who followed their religion among the people of Yathrib, on the seacoast in the direction of al-Mushallal at Qudayd. Ibn Hishām said: Al-Kumayt b. Zayd, one of Banū Asad b. Khuzaymah b. Mudrikah, said: : Tribes swore that they would never turn their backs to Manāh as they withdrew. This verse is in an ode of his. Ibn Hishām said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb to it, and he destroyed it. It is also said: ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib. [Dhū al-Khalaṣah, its custodians, and its destruction ] Ibn Isḥāq said: Dhū al-Khalaṣah belonged to Daws, Khathʿam, and Bajīlah, and those Arabs in their lands at Tabālah. Ibn Hishām said: It is also said Dhū al-Khuluṣah. A man of the Arabs said: : If you, O Dhū al-Khuluṣ al-mawtūr, were like me, and your sheikh were the one buried, you would not forbid killing enemies falsely. He said: His father had been killed, so he wished to seek revenge for him. He came to Dhū al-Khalaṣah and sought a decision there by means of the arrows (azlām), and the arrow came out forbidding him from that. So he said these verses. Some people attribute them to Imruʾ al-Qays b. Ḥujr al-Kindī. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Jarīr b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Bajalī to it, and he destroyed it. [Fils, its custodians, and its destruction ] Ibn Isḥāq said: Fils belonged to Ṭayyiʾ and those adjacent to them at the two mountains of Ṭayyiʾ, meaning Salmā and Ajaʾ. Ibn Hishām said: Some of the people of knowledge told me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib to it, and he destroyed it. He found in it two swords, one called al-Rasūb and the other al-Mikhdham. He brought them to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who gave them to him. They are the two swords of ʿAlī ؓ. [Riʾām ] Ibn Isḥāq said: Ḥimyar and the people of Yemen had a house at Ṣanʿāʾ called Riʾām. Ibn Hishām said: I have already mentioned its account above. [Ruḍāʾ and its custodians ] Ibn Isḥāq said: Ruḍāʾ was a house belonging to Banū Rabīʿah b. Kaʿb b. Saʿd b. Zayd Manāh b. Tamīm. Concerning it al-Mustawghir b. Rabīʿah b. Kaʿb b. Saʿd said when he destroyed it in Islam: : I assaulted Ruḍāʾ with a severe assault, and left it desolate in the dark, empty plain. Ibn Hishām said: His saying: and left it desolate in the dark, empty plain is from a man of Banū Saʿd. [Dhū al-Kaʿabāt and its custodians ] Ibn Isḥāq said: Dhū al-Kaʿabāt belonged to Bakr and Taghlib, the two sons of Wāʾil, and Iyād, at Sindād. Concerning it Aʿshā Banī Qays b. Thaʿlabah said: : Between al-Khawarnaq, al-Sadīr, and Bāriq, and the house with the cubical stones at Sindād. Ibn Hishām said: This verse is by al-Aswad b. Yaʿfur al-Nahshalī. Nahshal b. Dārim b. Mālik b. Ḥanẓalah b. Mālik b. Zayd Manāh b. Tamīm, in an ode of his. Abū Muḥriz Khalaf al-Aḥmar recited it to me: : The people of al-Khawarnaq, al-Sadīr, and Bāriq, and the house with the battlements at Sindād.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.