Tarikh (al-Tabari) 4355
Then the year 364 AH began
مسير الحجاج إلى سميراء ورؤيتهم الهلال فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ سَارَ الْحَجَّاجُ إِلَى سُمَيْرَاءَ فَرَأَوْا هِلَالَ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ بِهَا، وَالْعَادَةُ جَارِيَةٌ بِأَنْ يُرَى الْهِلَالُ بَعْدَهُ بِأَرْبَعَةِ أَيَّامٍ، وَبَلَغَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَرَوْنَ الْمَاءَ إِلَى غَمْرَةَ، وَهُوَ بِهَا أَيْضًا قَلِيلٌ، وَبَيْنَهُمَا نَحْوُ عَشَرَةِ أَيَّامٍ، فَغَدَوْا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَوَقَفُوا بِهَا وَعَادُوا، فَكَانُوا أَوَّلَ الْمُحَرَّمِ فِي الْكُوفَةِ. وَفِيهَا ظَهَرَ بِإِفْرِيقِيَّةَ كَوْكَبٌ عَظِيمٌ مِنْ جِهَةِ الْمَشْرِقِ، وَلَهُ ذُؤَابَةٌ وَضَوْءٌ عَظِيمٌ، فَبَقِيَ يَطْلُعُ كَذَلِكَ نَحْوًا مِنْ شَهْرٍ ثُمَّ غَابَ فَلَمْ يُرَ. حريق العيارين بالخشابين من باب الشعير وَفِي يَوْمِ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ لِثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ [ لَيْلَةً ] بَقِيَتْ مِنَ الْمُحَرَّمِ: أَوْقَعَ الْعَيَّارُونَ حَرِيقًا بِالْخَشَّابِينَ مِنْ بَابِ الشَّعِيرِ، فَاحْتَرَقَ أَكْثَرُ هَذَا السُّوقِ، وَمَا يَلِيهَا مِنْ سُوقِ الْجَزَّارِينَ ، وَأَصْحَابِ الْحُصْرِ، وَصَفَّ الْبَوَارِي، فَهَلَكَ شَيْءٌ كَثِيرٌ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَسْوَاقِ مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَزَادَ أَمْرُ الْعَيَّارِينَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، حَتَّى رَكِبُوا الدَّوَابَّ، وَتَلَقَّبُوا بِالْقُوَّادِ، وَغَلَبُوا عَلَى الْأُمُورِ، وَأَخَذُوا الْخَفَائِرَ عَنِ الْأَسْوَاقِ وَالدُّرُوبِ. وَكَانَ فِي جُمْلَةِ الْعَيَّارِينَ قَائِدٌ يُعْرَفُ: بِأَسْوَدِ الزَّبَدِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ يَأْوِي قَنْطَرَةَ الزَّبَدِ وَيَسْتَعْظِمُ مَنْ حَضَرَ وَهُوَ عُرْيَانٌ لَا يَتَوَارَى، فَلَمَّا كَثُرَ الْفَسَادُ رَأَى هَذَا الْأَسْوَدُ مَنْ هُوَ أَضْعَفُ مِنْهُ قَدْ أَخَذَ السَّيْفَ فَطَلَبَ سَيْفًا، وَنَهَبَ وَأَغَارَ، اجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ جَمَاعَةٌ، فَأَخَذَ الْأَمْوَالَ، وَاشْتَرَى جَارِيَةً بِأَلْفِ دِينَارٍ، فَلَمَّا حَصَلَتْ عِنْدَهُ حَاوَلَ مِنْهَا حَاجَتَهُ فَمَنَعَتْهُ، فَقَالَ: مَا تَكْرَهِينَ مِنِّي ؟ قَالَتْ: أَكْرَهُكَ كَمَا أَنْتَ، فَقَالَ: مَا تُحِبِّينَ ؟ قَالَتْ: أَنْ تَبِيعَنِي. قَالَ: أَوَ أَفْعَلُ خَيْرًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ ؟ فَحَمَلَهَا إِلَى الْقَاضِي وَأَعْتَقَهَا، وَوَهَبَ لَهَا أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ، فَعَجِبَ النَّاسُ مِنْ سَمَاحَةِ أَخْلَاقِهِ؛ إِذْ لَمْ يُجَازِهَا عَلَى كَرَاهِيَتِهَا لَهُ. ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَهَلَكَ بِهَا. وُقُوعُ الْخُطْبَةِ لِأَبِي تَمِيمٍ مَعَدٍّ وَفِي الْمُحَرَّمِ: وَرَدَ الْخَبَرُ بِوُقُوعِ الْخُطْبَةِ لِأَبِي تَمِيمٍ مَعَدٍّ، الْمُلَقَّبِ بِالْمُعِزِّ، بِمَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ فِي مَوْسِمِ [ سَنَةِ ] ثَلَاثٍ وَسِتِّينَ وَثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ، وَقُطِعَتْ خُطْبَةُ الطَّائِعِ مِنْ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ لِعَشْرٍ بَقِينَ مِنْ جُمَادَى الْأُولَى إِلَى أَنْ أُعِيدَتْ فِي يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ لِعَشْرٍ بَقِينَ مِنْ رَجَبٍ، فَلَمْ يُخْطَبْ فِي هَذِهِ الْمُدَّةِ لِإِمَامٍ، وَذَلِكَ لِأَجْلِ تَشَعُّثٍ جَرَى بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ عَضُدِ الدَّوْلَةِ، وَكَانَ عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ قَدْ قَدِمَ الْعِرَاقَ، فَأَعْجَبَهُ مَلِكُهَا، فَوَضَعَ الْجُنْدَ لِيُشَغِّبُوا عَلَى عِزِّ الدَّوْلَةِ، فَشَغَّبُوا فَأَغْلَقَ أَبْوَابَهُ. فَأَمَرَ عَضُدَ الدَّوْلَةِ الِاسْتِظْهَارَ عَلَيْهِ، وَذَلِكَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ لِأَرْبَعِ لَيَالٍ بَقِينَ مِنْ جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ، وَكَتَبَ عَنِ الطَّائِعِ لِلَّهِ إِلَى الْآفَاقِ بِاسْتِقْرَارِ الْأَمْرِ لِعَضُدِ الدَّوْلَةِ، وَخَلَعَ عَضُدَ الدَّوْلَةِ عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بَقِيَّةَ وَزِيرِ عِزِّ الدَّوْلَةِ، ثُمَّ اضْطَرَبَتِ الْأُمُورُ عَلَى عَضُدِ الدَّوْلَةِ، وَلَمْ يَبْقَ فِي يَدِهِ غَيْرُ بَغْدَادَ، فَنَفَذَ عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ إِلَى رُكْنِ الدَّوْلَةِ يُعْلِمُهُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ خَاطَرَ بِنَفْسِهِ وَجُنْدِهِ، وَأَنَّهُ [ قَدْ ] هَذَّبَ مَمْلَكَةَ الْعِرَاقِ، وَاسْتَقَادَ الطَّائِعَ لِلَّهِ إِلَى دَارِهِ، وَأَنَّ عِزَّ الدَّوْلَةِ بَخْتِيَارَ عَاصٍ لَا يُقِيمُ دَوْلَةً، وَأَنَّهُ إِنْ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْعِرَاقِ لَمْ يَبْعُدِ اضْطِرَابُ الْمَمَالِكِ، [ وَيَسْأَلُهُ الْمَدَدَ ] فَلَمَّا بَلَغَهُ هَذِهِ الرِّسَالَةُ غَضِبَ؛ فَقَالَ لِلرَّسُولِ: قُلْ لَهُ أَنْتَ خَرَجْتَ فِي نُصْرَةِ ابْنِ أَخِي أَوْ فِي الطَّمَعِ فِي مَمْلَكَتِهِ، فَأَفْرَجَ عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ عَنْ بَخْتِيَارَ، وَخَرَجَ عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ عَنْ بَخْتِيَارَ إِلَى فَارِسَ، وَعَادَ جَيْشُ بَخْتِيَارَ إِلَيْهِ. زواج الطائع بالله ببنت عز الدولة وَفِي يَوْمِ الْخَمِيسِ لِعَشْرٍ خَلَوْنَ مِنْ ذِي الْقِعْدَةِ: تَزَوَّجَ الطَّائِعُ لِلَّهِ شَاهَ زِنَانَ بِنْتَ عِزِّ الدَّوْلَةِ عَلَى صَدَاقِ مِائَةِ أَلْفِ دِينَارٍ ، وَخَطَبَ خُطْبَةَ النِّكَاحِ بِحَضْرَتِهِمَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ قُرَيْعَةَ الْقَاضِي. غلاء الأسعار وَفِي رَجَبٍ: زَادَتِ الْأَسْعَارُ، وَعُدِمَتِ الْأَقْوَاتُ، وَبِيعَ الْكَرُّ مِنَ الدَّقِيقِ الْحِوَارِيِّ بِمِائَةٍ وَنَيِّفٍ وَسَبْعِينَ دِينَارًا، وَالْعَشَرَةُ الْأُمَنَاءُ مِنَ السُّكَّرِ بِنَيِّفٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ دِرْهَمًا، وَالتَّمْرُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَرْطَالٍ بِدِرْهَمٍ، وَضَاقَتِ الْعُلُوفَةُ، فَبِيعَ الْحِمْلُ مِنَ التِّبْنِ بِعَشَرَةِ دَرَاهِمَ، وَأَخْرَجَ السُّلْطَانُ كُرَاعَهُ إِلَى السَّوَادِ. اضطراب أمر الحاج وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ: اضْطَرَبَ أَمْرُ الْحَاجِّ، لَمْ يُنْدَبْ لَهُمْ أَحَدٌ مِنْ جِهَةِ السُّلْطَانِ، وَخَرَجَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنَ الْخُرَاسَانِيَّةِ عَلَى وَجْهِ التَّغْرِيرِ وَالْمُخَاطَرَةِ، فَلَحِقَهُمْ شِدَّةٌ، وَتَأَخَّرَ الْبَغْدَادِيُّونَ وَالتُّجَّارُ، وَأَقَامَ الْحَجَّ أَصْحَابُ الْمَغْرِبِيِّ، وَأُقِيمَتِ الْخُطْبَةُ لَهُ. تقليد أبو محمد بن معروف القضاء وَفِي يَوْمِ الْأَرْبِعَاءَ: سَلَخَ ذِي الْقِعْدَةِ صُرِفَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ ابْنُ أُمِّ شَيْبَانَ، عَنْ قَضَاءِ الْقُضَاةِ، وَقَلَّدَهُ أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ مَعْرُوفٍ، وَكَتَبَ عَهْدَهُ. تقليد نقابة الطالبيين وَفِي يَوْمِ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ: لِتَسَعٍ بَقِينَ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ خُلِعَ عَلَى الشَّرِيفِ أَبِي أَحْمَدَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُوسَى الْمُوسَوِيِّ مِنْ دَارِ عِزِّ الدَّوْلَةِ، وَقُلِّدَ نِقَابَةَ الطَّالِبِيِّينَ.
Translation
✧ The pilgrims' journey to Sumayrāʾ and their sighting of the new moon In this year the pilgrims traveled to Sumayrāʾ, and they sighted the new moon of Dhū al-Ḥijjah there. The custom is that the new moon is sighted after it by four days. They were told that they would not see water until Ghamrah, and there it was also little. Between the two places is about ten days' journey. So they set out early to the city (al-Madīnah), stopped there, and returned. Thus they were in al-Kūfah on the first of al-Muḥarram. In it (this year) a great comet appeared in Ifrīqiyah from the direction of the east. It had a tail and a great light, and it continued to rise in that manner for about a month, then it disappeared and was no longer seen. The ʿayyārūn's fire at the timber market near Bāb al-Shaʿīr On Wednesday, when thirteen nights remained of al-Muḥarram, the ʿayyārūn set fire to the timber market (al-khashshābīn) at Bāb al-Shaʿīr. Most of this market and what adjoins it—the butchers' market, the reed-mat sellers, and the row of mat weavers—burned. A great deal of property in these markets was destroyed. The affair of the ʿayyārūn increased in this year, until they rode mounts, took the titles of commanders, dominated affairs, and took protection money from the markets and streets. Among the ʿayyārūn was a leader known as Aswad al-Zabad, because he used to shelter at the Qanṭarat al-Zabad and would consider anyone who appeared before him while he was naked and not concealing himself as great. When corruption increased, this Aswad saw someone weaker than himself take up the sword, so he sought a sword, plundered, and raided. A group gathered around him, and he seized wealth and bought a slave girl for a thousand dinars. When she came into his possession, he sought his need from her, but she refused him. He said, "What do you dislike about me?" She said, "I dislike you as you are." He said, "What would you like?" She said, "That you sell me." He said, "Shall I do better than that?" He took her to the judge and freed her, and he gave her a thousand dinars. People marveled at the generosity of his character, that he did not punish her for her dislike of him. Then he went to Syria and perished there. The establishment of the khuṭbah for Abū Tamīm Maʿadd In al-Muḥarram, news arrived of the establishment of the khuṭbah for Abū Tamīm Maʿadd, titled al-Muʿizz, in Makkah and al-Madīnah in the pilgrimage season of the year 363. The khuṭbah of al-Ṭāʾiʿ was stopped from Friday, when ten days remained of Jumādā al-Ūlā, until it was restored on Friday, when ten days remained of Rajab. During that period no khuṭbah was delivered for any imam. That was because of a discord that occurred between him (al-Ṭāʾiʿ) and ʿAḍud al-Dawlah. ʿAḍud al-Dawlah had arrived in Iraq, and its possession pleased him, so he incited the troops to create disturbances against ʿIzz al-Dawlah. They created disturbances, so he (ʿIzz al-Dawlah) closed his gates. ʿAḍud al-Dawlah ordered to gain the upper hand over him (al-Ṭāʾiʿ). That was on Friday, when four nights remained of Jumādā al-Ākhirah. He wrote on behalf of al-Ṭāʾiʿ lillāh to the horizons (the provinces) that the affair was settled for ʿAḍud al-Dawlah. ʿAḍud al-Dawlah bestowed a robe of honor on Muḥammad b. Baqiyyah, the vizier of ʿIzz al-Dawlah. Then matters became disordered for ʿAḍud al-Dawlah, and nothing remained in his hand except Baghdad. So ʿAḍud al-Dawlah sent to Rukn al-Dawlah informing him that he had risked himself and his troops, that he had set right the kingdom of Iraq, brought al-Ṭāʾiʿ lillāh to his house, that ʿIzz al-Dawlah Bakhtiyār was disobedient and did not maintain a state, and that if he left Iraq, the disorder of the kingdoms would not be far off, and he asked him for reinforcements. When this message reached him, he became angry and said to the messenger, "Tell him: Did you go out to support my nephew's son or out of greed for his kingdom?" So ʿAḍud al-Dawlah released Bakhtiyār, and ʿAḍud al-Dawlah departed from Bakhtiyār to Fārs, and Bakhtiyār's army returned to him. The marriage of al-Ṭāʾiʿ lillāh to the daughter of ʿIzz al-Dawlah On Thursday, when ten days had passed of Dhū al-Qaʿdah, al-Ṭāʾiʿ lillāh married Shāh Zanān, daughter of ʿIzz al-Dawlah, with a dower of one hundred thousand dinars. The marriage khuṭbah was delivered in their presence by Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Qurayʿah, the judge. Rise in prices In Rajab, prices rose, provisions became scarce, and a kurr of fine white flour was sold for one hundred and seventy-odd dinars. Ten trustworthy measures of sugar were sold for forty-odd dirhams. Dates were three raṭls for a dirham. Fodder became scarce, and a load of straw was sold for ten dirhams. The sultan sent his cavalry horses out to the Sawād. Disorder in the affairs of the pilgrims In this year, the affairs of the pilgrims were disordered. No one was appointed for them by the sultan. A group of Khurasanis set out in a rash and perilous manner, and severe hardship befell them. The Baghdadis and the merchants stayed behind. The companions of the Maghribī conducted the pilgrimage, and the khuṭbah was delivered for him. The appointment of Abū Muḥammad b. Maʿrūf to the judiciary On Wednesday, the last day of Dhū al-Qaʿdah, Abū al-Ḥasan Muḥammad b. Ṣāliḥ Ibn Umm Shaybān was dismissed from the office of chief judge, and Abū Muḥammad b. Maʿrūf was invested with it, and his covenant was written. The appointment to the niqābah of the Ṭālibīs On Wednesday, when nine days remained of Dhū al-Ḥijjah, a robe of honor was bestowed on the Sharīf Abū Aḥmad al-Ḥusayn b. Mūsā al-Mūsawī from the palace of ʿIzz al-Dawlah, and he was invested with the niqābah of the Ṭālibīs.
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