Tarikh (al-Tabari) 4264
Then the year 358 AH began
ذِكْرُ مُلْكِ الْمُعِزِّ الْعَلَوِيِّ مِصْرَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ سَيَّرَ الْمُعِزُّ لِدِينِ اللَّهِ أَبُو تَمِيمٍ مَعْدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْمَنْصُورَ بِاللَّهِ الْقَائِدَ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ جَوْهَرًا، غُلَامَ وَالِدِهِ الْمَنْصُورِ، وَهُوَ رُومِيٌّ، فِي جَيْشٍ كَثِيفٍ إِلَى الدِّيَارِ الْمِصْرِيَّةِ، فَاسْتَوْلَى عَلَيْهَا. وَكَانَ سَبَبُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا مَاتَ كَافُورٌ الْإِخْشِيدِيُّ، صَاحِبُ مِصْرَ، اخْتَلَفَتِ الْقُلُوبُ فِيهَا، وَوَقَعَ بِهَا غَلَاءٌ شَدِيدٌ، حَتَّى بَلَغَ الْخُبْزُ كُلُّ رِطْلٍ بِدِرْهَمَيْنِ، وَالْحِنْطَةُ كُلُّ وَيْبَةٍ بِدِينَارٍ وَسُدْسٍ مِصْرِيٍّ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ الْخَبَرُ بِهَذِهِ الْأَحْوَالِ إِلَى الْمُعِزِّ، وَهُوَ بِإِفْرِيقِيَّةَ، سَيَّرَ جَوْهَرًا إِلَيْهَا، فَلَمَّا اتَّصَلَ خَبَرُ مَسِيرِهِ إِلَى الْعَسَاكِرِ الْإِخْشِيدِيَّةِ بِمِصْرَ هَرَبُوا عَنْهَا جَمِيعُهُمْ قَبْلَ وُصُولِهِ. ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ قَدِمَهَا سَابِعَ عَشَرَ شَعْبَانَ، وَأُقِيمَتِ الدَّعْوَةُ لِلْمُعِزِّ بِمِصْرَ فِي الْجَامِعِ الْعَتِيقِ فِي شَوَّالٍ، وَكَانَ الْخَطِيبُ أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ الشِّمْشَاطِيَّ. وَفِي جُمَادَى الْأُولَى مِنَ سَنَةِ تِسْعٍ وَخَمْسِينَ [ وَثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ ] سَارَ جَوْهَرٌ إِلَى جَامِعِ ابْنِ طُولُونَ، وَأَمَرَ الْمُؤَذِّنَ فَأَذَّنَ بِحَيِّ عَلَى خَيْرِ الْعَمَلِ، وَهُوَ أَوَّلُ مَا أُذِّنَ بِمِصْرَ ثُمَّ أُذِّنَ بَعْدَهُ فِي الْجَامِعِ الْعَتِيقِ، وَجَهَرَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ بِبَسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ، وَلَمَّا اسْتَقَرَّ جَوْهَرٌ بِمِصْرَ شَرَعَ فِي بِنَاءِ الْقَاهِرَةِ.
Translation
✧ Mention of the rule of al-Muʿizz al-ʿAlawī over Egypt In this year, al-Muʿizz li-Dīn Allāh Abū Tamīm Maʿadd b. Ismāʿīl al-Manṣūr bi-Allāh dispatched the commander Abū al-Ḥasan Jawhar, the slave of his father al-Manṣūr—and he was a Byzantine—with a large army to the Egyptian lands, and he seized control of them. The reason for that was that when Kāfūr al-Ikhshīdī, the ruler of Egypt, died, hearts became divided there, and a severe famine occurred, until bread reached every raṭl for two dirhams, and wheat every wayba for one dīnār and one-sixth Egyptian. When the news of these circumstances reached al-Muʿizz, while he was in Ifrīqiya, he dispatched Jawhar to it. When the news of his march reached the Ikhshīdid armies in Egypt, all of them fled from it before his arrival. Then he entered it on the seventeenth of Shaʿbān, and the call to prayer for al-Muʿizz was established in Egypt in the Old Mosque in Shawwāl, and the khaṭīb was Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Ḥusayn al-Shimshāṭī. In Jumādā al-Ūlā of the year fifty-nine [and three hundred], Jawhar went to the Mosque of Ibn Ṭūlūn, and he ordered the muezzin, who called “Come to the best of deeds,” and that was the first time it was called in Egypt; then it was called after that in the Old Mosque, and he recited aloud in prayer “In the name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful.” When Jawhar settled in Egypt, he began building Cairo.
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