Tarikh (al-Tabari) 41
Creation of the jinn and the story of Satan
قَالَ تَعَالَى: فَلَا تَغُرَّنَّكُمُ الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا وَلَا يَغُرَّنَّكُمْ بِاللَّهِ الْغَرُورُ [ لُقْمَانَ: 33 ]. يَعْنِي الشَّيْطَانَ. وَقَدْ قَالَ تَعَالَى: إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ فَاتَّخِذُوهُ عَدُوًّا إِنَّمَا يَدْعُو حِزْبَهُ لِيَكُونُوا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ السَّعِيرِ [ فَاطِرٍ: 6 ]. فَالشَّيْطَانُ لَا يَأْلُو الْإِنْسَانَ خَبَالًا جَهْدَهُ وَطَاقَتَهُ فِي جَمِيعِ أَحْوَالِهِ وَحَرَكَاتِهِ وَسَكَنَاتِهِ، كَمَا صَنَّفَ الْحَافِظُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي الدُّنْيَا رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ كِتَابًا فِي ذَلِكَ سَمَّاهُ " مَصَائِدَ الشَّيْطَانِ " وَفِيهِ فَوَائِدُ جَمَّةٌ. وَفِي سُنَنِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي دُعَائِهِ: وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ أَنْ يَتَخَبَّطَنِي الشَّيْطَانُ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ. وَرَوَيْنَا فِي بَعْضِ الْأَخْبَارِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: يَا رَبِّ وَعِزِّكَ وَجَلَالِكَ لَا أَزَالُ أُغْوِيهِمْ مَا دَامَتْ أَرْوَاحُهُمْ فِي أَجْسَادِهِمْ. فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَعِزَّتِي وَجَلَالِي وَلَا أَزَالُ أَغْفِرُ لَهُمْ مَا اسْتَغْفَرُونِي. وَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: الشَّيْطَانُ يَعِدُكُمُ الْفَقْرَ وَيَأْمُرُكُمْ بِالْفَحْشَاءِ وَاللَّهُ يَعِدُكُمْ مَغْفِرَةً مِنْهُ وَفَضْلًا وَاللَّهُ وَاسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ [ الْبَقَرَةِ: 268 ]. فَوَعْدُ اللَّهِ هُوَ الْحَقُّ الصِّدْقُ، وَوَعْدُ الشَّيْطَانِ هُوَ الْبَاطِلُ، وَقَدْ رَوَى التِّرْمِذِيُّ، وَالنَّسَائِيُّ، وَابْنُ حِبَّانَ فِي صَحِيحِهِ، وَابْنُ أَبِي حَاتِمٍ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ، عَنْ مُرَّةَ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: إِنَّ لِلشَّيْطَانِ لَمَّةً بِابْنِ آدَمَ، وَلِلْمَلَكِ لَمَّةً ; فَأَمَّا لَمَّةُ الشَّيْطَانِ فَإِيعَادٌ بِالشَّرِّ وَتَكْذِيبٌ بِالْحَقِّ، وَأَمَّا لَمَّةُ الْمَلَكِ فَإِيعَادٌ بِالْخَيْرِ وَتَصْدِيقٌ بِالْحَقِّ، فَمَنْ وَجَدَ ذَلِكَ فَلْيَعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ فَلْيَحْمَدِ اللَّهَ، وَمِنْ وَجَدَ الْأُخْرَى فَلْيَتَعَوَّذْ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ، ثُمَّ قَرَأَ: الشَّيْطَانُ يَعِدُكُمُ الْفَقْرَ وَيَأْمُرُكُمْ بِالْفَحْشَاءِ وَاللَّهُ يَعِدُكُمْ مَغْفِرَةً مِنْهُ وَفَضْلًا وَاللَّهُ وَاسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ. ومن فضائل سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ أَنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَفِرُّ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ الَّذِي تَقْرَأُ فِيهِ، ومن فضائل آيَةِ الْكُرْسِيِّ أَنَّ مَنْ قَرَأَهَا فِي لَيْلَةٍ لَا يَقْرَبُهُ الشَّيْطَانُ حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ. وَقَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ بسنده عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: مَنْ قَالَ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ. فِي يَوْمٍ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ كَانَتْ لَهُ عِدْلُ عَشْرِ رِقَابٍ، وَكُتِبَتْ لَهُ مِائَةُ حَسَنَةٍ، وَمُحِيَتْ عَنْهُ مِائَةُ سَيِّئَةٍ، وَكَانَتْ لَهُ حِرْزًا مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ يَوْمَهُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى يُمْسِيَ، وَلَمْ يَأْتِ رَجُلٌ بِأَفْضَلَ مِمَّا جَاءَ بِهِ إِلَّا أَحَدٌ عَمِلَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ. وَأَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ، وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ، وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَالِكٍ. وَقَالَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ: حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَقَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ: بسنده عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ ﷺ: كُلُّ بَنِي آدَمَ يَطْعَنُ الشَّيْطَانُ فِي جَنْبَيْهِ بِإِصْبَعِهِ حِينَ يُولَدُ غَيْرَ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ ذَهَبَ يَطْعَنُ فَطَعَنَ فِي الْحِجَابِ. تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ. وَقَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ بسنده عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: التَّثَاؤُبُ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ فَإِذَا تَثَاءَبَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيَرُدَّهُ مَا اسْتَطَاعَ فَإِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ إِذَا قَالَ: هَا. ضَحِكَ الشَّيْطَانُ. وَفِي لَفْظٍ إِذَا تَثَاءَبَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيَكْظِمْ مَا اسْتَطَاعَ فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَدْخُلُ. وَقَالَ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ بسنده عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: إِنِ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْعُطَاسَ، وَيُبْغِضُ أَوْ يَكْرَهُ التَّثَاؤُبَ ، فَإِذَا قَالَ: أَحَدُكُمْ هَا هَا. فَإِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ الشَّيْطَانُ يَضْحَكُ مِنْ جَوْفِهِ. وَقَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ بسنده عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ قَالَ: قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: سَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَنِ الْتِفَاتِ الرَّجُلِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ. فَقَالَ: هُوَ اخْتِلَاسٌ يَخْتَلِسُهُ الشَّيْطَانُ مِنْ صَلَاةِ أَحَدِكُمْ. وَرَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ بسنده عن عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: الرُّؤْيَا الصَّالِحَةُ مِنَ اللَّهِ، وَالْحُلْمُ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ فَإِذَا حَلَمَ أَحَدُكُمْ حُلْمًا يَخَافُهُ فَلْيَبْصُقْ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ وَلِيَتَعَوَّذْ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شَرِّهَا فَإِنَّهَا لَا تَضُرُّهُ. وَقَالَ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ بسنده عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: لَا يَمْشِيَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَى أَخِيهِ بِالسِّلَاحِ، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَدْرِي أَحَدُكُمْ لَعَلَّ الشَّيْطَانَ أَنْ يَنْزِعَ فِي يَدِهِ فَيَقَعُ فِي حُفْرَةٍ مِنَ النَّارِ. أَخْرَجَاهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ.
Translation
✧ He, the Most High, said: So let not the life of this world deceive you, nor let the chief deceiver deceive you concerning Allah [Luqmān: 33]. Meaning Satan. And He, the Most High, has said: Indeed, Satan is an enemy to you, so take him as an enemy. He only invites his party to be among the companions of the Blaze [Fāṭir: 6]. For Satan does not spare any effort or power to cause man corruption in all his states, movements, and stillnesses, as al-Ḥāfiẓ Abū Bakr b. Abī al-Dunyā, may Allah have mercy on him, compiled a book on that named "Maṣāʾid al-Shayṭān" (The Snares of Satan), and in it are abundant benefits. In the Sunan of Abū Dāwūd: that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say in his supplication: "And I seek refuge in You from Satan causing me to go mad at death." And we have narrated in some reports that he said: "O Lord, by Your might and majesty, I will not cease to lead them astray as long as their souls are in their bodies." Then Allah, the Most High, said: "By My might and majesty, I will not cease to forgive them as long as they seek My forgiveness." And Allah, the Most High, said: Satan threatens you with poverty and commands you to immorality, while Allah promises you forgiveness from Him and bounty. And Allah is all-Encompassing and Knowing [al-Baqarah: 268]. So the promise of Allah is the true and veracious one, and the promise of Satan is false. And al-Tirmidhī, al-Nasāʾī, Ibn Ḥibbān in his Ṣaḥīḥ, and Ibn Abī Ḥātim in his Tafsīr narrated from the ḥadīth of ʿAṭāʾ b. al-Sāʾib, from Murrah al-Hamdānī, from Ibn Masʿūd, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Indeed, Satan has a touch upon the son of Adam, and the angel has a touch. As for the touch of Satan, it is a threatening of evil and a denial of the truth. As for the touch of the angel, it is a promising of good and a confirmation of the truth. So whoever finds that, let him know that it is from Allah and let him praise Allah. And whoever finds the other, let him seek refuge from Satan." Then he recited: Satan threatens you with poverty and commands you to immorality, while Allah promises you forgiveness from Him and bounty. And Allah is all-Encompassing and Knowing. Among the virtues of Sūrat al-Baqarah is that Satan flees from the house in which it is recited, and among the virtues of the Verse of the Throne (Āyat al-Kursī) is that whoever recites it in a night, Satan does not come near him until morning. Al-Bukhārī said with his chain of transmission from Abū Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever says: 'There is no god but Allah alone, He has no partner, His is the dominion and His is the praise, and He is over all things competent,' one hundred times in a day, it will be for him the equivalent of freeing ten slaves, and one hundred good deeds will be written for him, and one hundred evil deeds will be erased from him, and it will be a protection for him from Satan that day until evening. No one will bring anything better than what he has brought except a man who does more than that." Muslim, al-Tirmidhī, and Ibn Mājah transmitted it from the ḥadīth of Mālik. Al-Tirmidhī said: It is ḥasan ṣaḥīḥ. Al-Bukhārī said with his chain of transmission from Abū Hurayrah, who said: He ﷺ said: "Every son of Adam is pricked by Satan in his sides with his finger when he is born, except Jesus son of Mary; he went to prick and pricked the veil." This is unique to this route. Al-Bukhārī said with his chain of transmission from Abū Hurayrah, from the Prophet ﷺ: "Yawning is from Satan, so when one of you yawns, let him suppress it as much as he can, for when one of you says 'hā,' Satan laughs." In another wording: "When one of you yawns, let him restrain it as much as he can, for Satan enters." Imām Aḥmad said with his chain of transmission from Abū Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Allah loves sneezing and dislikes or hates yawning. When one of you says 'hā hā,' that is only Satan laughing from inside him." Al-Bukhārī said with his chain of transmission from Masrūq, who said: ʿĀʾishah said: I asked the Prophet ﷺ about a man's turning during prayer. He said: "It is a snatching away that Satan snatches from the prayer of one of you." Al-Bukhārī narrated with his chain of transmission from ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Qatādah, from his father, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "The righteous dream is from Allah, and the bad dream is from Satan. So when one of you has a dream that he fears, let him spit to his left and seek refuge in Allah from its evil, for it will not harm him." Imām Aḥmad said with his chain of transmission from Abū Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Let none of you walk to his brother with a weapon, for one of you does not know; perhaps Satan may snatch it in his hand and he falls into a pit of the Fire." They both (al-Bukhārī and Muslim) transmitted it from the ḥadīth of ʿAbd al-Razzāq.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.