Tarikh (al-Tabari) 4011
Then the year 333 AH began
ذِكْرُ قَتْلِ أَبِي يَزِيدَ لَمَّا تَمَّتِ الْهَزِيمَةُ عَلَى أَبِي يَزِيدَ، أَقَامَ الْمَنْصُورُ يَتَجَهَّزُ لِلْمَسِيرِ فِي أَثَرِهِ، ثُمَّ رَحَلَ أَوَاخِرَ شَهْرِ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ مِنَ السَّنَةِ، وَاسْتَخْلَفَ عَلَى الْبَلَدِ مَذَامًا الصِّقِلِّيَّ، فَأَدْرَكَ أَبَا يَزِيدَ وَهُوَ مُحَاصِرٌ مَدِينَةَ بَاغَايَةَ ; لِأَنَّهُ أَرَادَ دُخُولَهَا لَمَّا انْهَزَمَ، فَمُنِعَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، فَحَصَرَهَا، فَأَدْرَكَهُ الْمَنْصُورُ وَقَدْ كَادَ يَفْتَحُهَا، فَلَمَّا قَرُبَ مِنْهُ هَرَبَ أَبُو يَزِيدَ، وَجَعَلَ كُلَّمَا قَصَدَ مَوْضِعًا يَتَحَصَّنُ فِيهِ، سَبَقَهُ الْمَنْصُورُ، حَتَّى وَصَلَ طَبَنَةَ، فَوَصَلَتْ رُسُلُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَزَرٍ الزُّنَاتِيِّ، وَهُوَ مِنْ أَعْيَانِ أَصْحَابِ أَبِي يَزِيدَ يَطْلُبُ الْأَمَانَ، فَأَمَّنَهُ الْمَنْصُورُ، وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَرْصُدَ أَبَا يَزِيدَ، وَاسْتَمَرَّ الْهَرَبُ بِأَبِي يَزِيدَ حَتَّى وَصَلَ إِلَى جَبَلِ الْبَرْبَرِ وَيُسَمَّى بَرْزَالَ، وَأَهْلُهُ عَلَى مَذْهَبِهِ، وَسَلَكَ الرِّمَالَ لِيَخْتَفِيَ أَثَرُهُ، فَاجْتَمَعَ مَعَهُ خَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ، فَعَادَ إِلَى نَوَاحِي مَقْبَرَةَ وَالْمَنْصُورُ ( بِهَا، فَكَمَّنَ أَبُو يَزِيدَ أَصْحَابَهُ، فَلَمَّا وَصَلَ عَسْكَرُ الْمَنْصُورِ رَآهُمْ، فَحَذَّرُوا مِنْهُمْ، فَعَبَّأَ حِينَئِذٍ أَبُو يَزِيدَ أَصْحَابَهُ، وَاقْتَتَلُوا، فَانْهَزَمَتْ مَيْمَنَةُ الْمَنْصُورِ )، وَحَمَلَ هُوَ بِنَفْسِهِ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ، فَانْهَزَمَ أَبُو يَزِيدَ إِلَى جَبَلِ سَالَّاتَ، وَرَحَلَ الْمَنْصُورُ فِي أَثَرِهِ، ( فَدَخَلَ مَدِينَةَ الْمَسِيلَةِ، وَرَحَلَ فِي أَثَرِ أَبِي يَزِيدَ ) فِي جِبَالٍ وَعِرَةٍ، وَأَوْدِيَةٍ عَمِيقَةٍ خَشِنَةِ الْأَرْضِ، فَأَرَادَ الدُّخُولَ وَرَاءَهُ، فَعَرَّفَهُ الْأَدِلَّاءُ أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْأَرْضَ لَمْ يَسْلُكْهَا جَيْشٌ قَطُّ، وَاشْتَدَّ الْأَمْرُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْعَسْكَرِ، فَبَلَغَ عَلِيقُ كُلِّ دَابَّةٍ دِينَارًا وَنِصْفًا، وَبَلَغَتْ قِرْبَةُ الْمَاءِ دِينَارًا، وَإِنَّ مَا وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ رِمَالٌ وَقِفَارُ بِلَادِ السُّودَانِ، لَيْسَ فِيهَا عِمَارَةٌ، وَإِنَّ أَبَا يَزِيدَ اخْتَارَ الْمَوْتَ جُوعًا وَعَطَشًا عَلَى الْقَتْلِ بِالسَّيْفِ. فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ، رَجَعَ إِلَى بِلَادِ صِنْهَاجَةَ، فَوَصَلَ إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ يُسَمَّى قَرْيَةَ دَمُرَهُ، فَاتَّصَلَ بِهِ الْأَمِيرُ زِيرِي بْنُ مَنَادٍ الصِّنْهَاجِيُّ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ بِعَسَاكِرِ صِنْهَاجَةَ، وَزِيرِي هَذَا هُوَ جَدُّ بَنِي بَادِيسَ مُلُوكِ إِفْرِيقِيَّةَ - كَمَا يَأْتِي ذِكْرُهُ، إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى - فَأَكْرَمَهُ الْمَنْصُورُ وَأَحْسَنَ إِلَيْهِ، وَوَصَلَ كِتَابُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَزَرٍ يَذْكُرُ الْمَوْضِعَ الَّذِي فِيهِ أَبُو يَزِيدَ مِنَ الرِّمَالِ. وَمَرِضَ الْمَنْصُورُ مَرَضًا شَدِيدًا أَشَفَى مِنْهُ، فَلَمَّا أَفَاقَ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ، رَحَلَ إِلَى الْمَسِيلَةِ ثَانِيَ رَجَبٍ، وَكَانَ أَبُو يَزِيدَ قَدْ سَبَقَهُ إِلَيْهَا لَمَّا بَلَغَهُ مِنْ مَرَضِ الْمَنْصُورِ، وَحَصَرَهَا، فَلَمَّا قَصَدَهُ الْمَنْصُورُ، هَرَبَ مِنْهُ يُرِيدُ بِلَادَ السُّودَانِ، فَأَبَى ذَلِكَ بَنُو كَمْلَانَ وَهَوَارَةَ وَخَدَعُوهُ، وَصَعِدَ إِلَى جِبَالِ كُتَامَةَ وَعَجِيسَةَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ، فَتَحَصَّنَ بِهَا وَاجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ أَهْلُهَا، وَصَارُوا يَنْزِلُونَ يَتَخَطَّفُونَ النَّاسَ، فَسَارَ الْمَنْصُورُ عَاشِرَ شَعْبَانَ إِلَيْهِ، فَلَمْ يَنْزِلْ أَبُو يَزِيدَ، فَلَمَّا عَادَ نَزَلَ إِلَى سَاقَةِ الْعَسْكَرِ، فَرَجَعَ الْمَنْصُورُ، وَوَقَعَتِ الْحَرْبُ فَانْهَزَمَ أَبُو يَزِيدَ، وَأَسْلَمَ أَوْلَادَهُ وَأَصْحَابَهُ، وَلَحِقَهُ فَارِسَانِ فَعَقَرَا فَرَسَهُ فَسَقَطَ عَنْهُ، فَأَرْكَبَهُ بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَلَحِقَهُ زِيرِي بْنُ مُنَادٍ فَطَعَنَهُ فَأَلْقَاهُ، وَكَثُرَ الْقِتَالُ عَلَيْهِ، فَخَلَّصَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ وَخَلَصُوا مَعَهُ، وَتَبِعَهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْمَنْصُورِ، فَقَتَلُوا مِنْهُمْ مَا يَزِيدُ عَلَى عَشَرَةِ آلَافٍ. ثُمَّ سَارَ الْمَنْصُورُ فِي أَثَرِهِ أَوَّلَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ، فَاقْتَتَلُوا أَيْضًا أَشَدَّ قِتَالٍ، وَلَمْ يَقْدِرْ أَحَدُ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ عَلَى الْهَزِيمَةِ لِضِيقِ الْمَكَانِ وَخُشُونَتِهِ، ثُمَّ انْهَزَمَ أَبُو يَزِيدَ أَيْضًا، وَاحْتَرَقَتْ أَثْقَالُهُ وَمَا فِيهَا، وَطَلَعَ أَصْحَابُهُ عَلَى رُءُوسِ الْجِبَالِ يَرْمُونَ بِالصَّخْرِ، وَأَحَاطَ الْقِتَالُ ( بِالْمَنْصُورِ وَتَوَاخَذُوا بِالْأَيْدِي، وَكَثُرَ الْقَتْلُ ) حَتَّى ظَنُّوا أَنَّهُ الْفَنَاءُ، وَافْتَرَقُوا عَلَى السَّوَاءِ، وَالْتَجَأَ أَبُو يَزِيدَ إِلَى قَلْعَةِ كُتَامَةَ، وَهِيَ مَنِيعَةٌ، فَاحْتَمَى بِهَا. وَفِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ ( أَتَى إِلَى الْمَنْصُورِ ) جُنْدٌ لَهُ مَنْ كُتَامَةَ بِرَجُلٍ ظَهَرَ فِي أَرْضِهِمُ ادَّعَى الرُّبُوبِيَّةَ، فَأَمَرَ الْمَنْصُورُ بِقَتْلِهِ، وَأَقْبَلَتْ هَوَارَةُ وَأَكْثَرُ مَنْ مَعَ أَبِي يَزِيدَ يَطْلُبُونَ الْأَمَانَ، فَأَمَّنَهُمُ الْمَنْصُورُ، وَسَارَ إِلَى قَلْعَةِ كُتَامَةَ، فَحَصَرَ أَبَا يَزِيدَ فِيهَا، وَفَرَّقَ جُنْدَهُ حَوْلَهَا، فَنَاشَبَهُ أَصْحَابُ أَبِي يَزِيدَ الْقِتَالَ، وَزَحَفَ إِلَيْهَا الْمَنْصُورُ غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ، فَفِي آخِرِهَا مَلَكَ أَصْحَابُهُ بَعْضَ الْقَلْعَةِ، وَأَلْقَوْا فِيهَا النِّيرَانَ، وَانْهَزَمَ أَصْحَابُ أَبِي يَزِيدَ ( وَقُتِلُوا قَتْلًا ذَرِيعًا، وَدَخَلَ أَبُو يَزِيدَ ) وَأَوْلَادُهُ وَأَعْيَانُ أَصْحَابِهِ إِلَى قَصْرٍ فِي الْقَلْعَةِ، فَاجْتَمَعُوا فِيهِ، فَاحْتَرَقَتْ أَبْوَابُهُ وَأَدْرَكَهُمُ الْقَتْلُ، فَأَمَرَ الْمَنْصُورُ بِإِشْعَالِ النَّارِ فِي شِعَارِي الْجَبَلِ وَبَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ لِئَلًا يَهْرَبَ أَبُو يَزِيدَ، فَصَارَ اللَّيْلُ كَالنَّهَارِ. فَلَمَّا كَانَ آخِرُ اللَّيْلِ، خَرَجَ أَصْحَابُهُ وَهُمْ يَحْمِلُونَهُ عَلَى أَيْدِيهِمْ، وَحَمَلُوا عَلَى النَّاسِ حَمْلَةً مُنْكَرَةً، فَأَفْرَجُوا لَهُمْ، فَنَجَوْا بِهِ، وَنَزَلَ مِنَ الْقَلْعَةِ خَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ، فَأُخِذُوا، فَأَخْبَرُوا بِخُرُوجِ أَبِي يَزِيدَ، فَأَمَرَ الْمَنْصُورُ يَطْلُبُهُ، وَقَالَ: مَا أَظُنُّهُ إِلَّا قَرِيبًا مِنَّا، فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ أُتِيَ بِأَبِي يَزِيدَ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ ثَلَاثَةً مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ حَمَلُوهُ مِنَ الْمَعْرَكَةِ ثُمَّ وَلَّوْا عَنْهُ، وَإِنَّمَا حَمَلُوهُ لِقُبْحِ عَرَجِهِ، فَذَهَبَ لِيَنْزِلَ مِنَ الْوَعْرِ، فَسَقَطَ فِي مَكَانٍ صَعْبٍ، فَأُدْرِكَ فَأُخِذَ وَحُمِلَ إِلَى الْمَنْصُورِ، فَسَجَدَ شُكْرًا لِلَّهِ - تَعَالَى، وَالنَّاسُ يُكَبِّرُونَ حَوْلَهُ، وَبَقِيَ عِنْدَهُ إِلَى سَلْخِ الْمُحَرَّمِ مِنْ سَنَةِ سِتٍّ وَثَلَاثِينَ وَثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ، فَمَاتَ مِنَ الْجِرَاحِ الَّتِي بِهِ، فَأَمَرَ بِإِدْخَالِهِ فِي قَفَصٍ عُمِلَ لَهُ، وَجَعَلَ مَعَهُ قِرْدَيْنِ يَلْعَبَانِ عَلَيْهِ، وَأَمَرَ بِسَلْخِ جِلْدِهِ وَحَشَاهُ تِبْنًا، وَأَمَرَ بِالْكُتُبِ إِلَى سَائِرِ الْبِلَادِ بِالْبِشَارَةِ. ثُمَّ خَرَجَ عَلَيْهِ عِدَّةُ خَوَارِجَ مِنْهُمْ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَزَرٍ، فَظَفِرَ بِهِ الْمَنْصُورُ سَنَةَ سِتٍّ وَثَلَاثِينَ وَثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ، وَكَانَ يُرِيدُ نُصْرَةَ أَبِي يَزِيدَ، وَخَرَجَ أَيْضًا فَضْلُ بْنُ أَبِي يَزِيدَ، وَأَفْسَدَ وَقَطَعَ الطَّرِيقَ، فَغَدَرَ بِهِ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِهِ وَقَتَلَهُ، وَحَمَلَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى الْمَنْصُورِ سَنَةَ سِتٍّ وَثَلَاثِينَ [ وَثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ ] أَيْضًا، وَعَادَ الْمَنْصُورُ إِلَى الْمَهْدِيَّةِ، فَدَخَلَهَا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مِنَ السَّنَةِ.
Translation
✧ Mention of the killing of Abū Yazīd When the rout of Abū Yazīd was complete, al-Manṣūr stayed to prepare for marching in his pursuit. Then he departed in the latter part of Rabīʿ al-Awwal of the year, leaving Madhām al-Ṣiqillī as his deputy over the city. He overtook Abū Yazīd while he was besieging the city of Bāghāya, because he had wanted to enter it when he had been routed, but was prevented from that, so he besieged it. Al-Manṣūr overtook him when he was about to take it. When he drew near to him, Abū Yazīd fled, and every time he headed for a place to fortify himself in, al-Manṣūr preceded him, until he reached Ṭabana. Then the messengers of Muḥammad b. Khazar al-Zunātī arrived—he was one of the notables of the companions of Abū Yazīd—seeking assurance of safety. Al-Manṣūr granted him safety and ordered him to lie in wait for Abū Yazīd. The flight continued with Abū Yazīd until he reached the mountain of the Berbers called Barzāl, whose people were of his doctrine. He traversed the sands so that his trace would be hidden. A great crowd gathered with him, and he returned to the environs of Maqbara, where al-Manṣūr was. Abū Yazīd hid his companions in ambush. When the army of al-Manṣūr arrived, he saw them, and they warned of them. Then Abū Yazīd arrayed his companions and they fought. The right wing of al-Manṣūr was routed, and he charged himself with those with him, so Abū Yazīd fled to Mount Sāllāt. Al-Manṣūr departed in his pursuit and entered the city of al-Masīla, then departed in the pursuit of Abū Yazīd through rugged mountains and deep, rough valleys. He wanted to enter after him, but the guides informed him that this land had never been traversed by an army. The matter became severe for the people of the army: the fodder for every mount reached a dinar and a half, and a waterskin of water reached a dinar. Beyond that were sands and desolate lands of the Sudan with no cultivation. Abū Yazīd chose death by hunger and thirst over being killed by the sword. When he heard of that, he returned to the lands of Ṣinhāja and reached a place called the village of Damura. There the amīr Zīrī b. Manād al-Ṣinhājī al-Ḥimyarī joined him with the armies of Ṣinhāja. This Zīrī was the grandfather of the Banū Bādīs, the kings of Ifrīqiya—as will be mentioned, God Almighty willing. Al-Manṣūr honored him and treated him well. A letter of Muḥammad b. Khazar arrived mentioning the place in the sands where Abū Yazīd was. Al-Manṣūr fell seriously ill and nearly died from it. When he recovered from his illness, he departed to al-Masīla on the second of Rajab. Abū Yazīd had preceded him there when news of al-Manṣūr's illness reached him and besieged it. When al-Manṣūr headed toward him, he fled from him, wanting the lands of the Sudan. But the Banū Kamlān and Hawāra refused that and deceived him. He climbed to the mountains of Kutāma and ʿAjīsa and others, fortified himself there, and their people gathered to him. They would come down and snatch people away. Al-Manṣūr marched to him on the tenth of Shaʿbān, but Abū Yazīd did not come down. When he returned, Abū Yazīd came down upon the rear of the army. Al-Manṣūr turned back, and battle occurred. Abū Yazīd was routed and abandoned his sons and companions. Two horsemen caught up with him and hamstrung his horse, so he fell from it. One of his companions mounted him again. Zīrī b. Manād caught up with him and stabbed him, throwing him down. Fighting over him intensified, and his companions rescued him and escaped with him. The companions of al-Manṣūr pursued them and killed more than ten thousand of them. Then al-Manṣūr marched in his pursuit at the beginning of the month of Ramaḍān. They fought again the fiercest fighting, and neither of the two parties was able to rout the other because of the narrowness and roughness of the place. Then Abū Yazīd was routed again, and his baggage and what was in it burned. His companions climbed to the mountaintops throwing rocks. Fighting surrounded al-Manṣūr, and they grappled with their hands. Killing increased until they thought it was annihilation. They parted on equal terms, and Abū Yazīd took refuge in the fortress of Kutāma, which was impregnable, and sought protection there. On that day, troops of his from Kutāma came to al-Manṣūr with a man who had appeared in their land claiming divinity. Al-Manṣūr ordered him killed. Hawāra and most of those with Abū Yazīd came seeking assurance of safety. Al-Manṣūr granted them safety and marched to the fortress of Kutāma, besieging Abū Yazīd there. He stationed his troops around it. The companions of Abū Yazīd engaged him in fighting, and al-Manṣūr advanced upon it more than once. In the end, his companions took part of the fortress and threw fire into it. The companions of Abū Yazīd were routed and killed in great numbers. Abū Yazīd, his sons, and the notables of his companions entered a palace in the fortress and gathered there. Its doors burned, and killing overtook them. Al-Manṣūr ordered fire to be lit in the mountain thickets and before him so that Abū Yazīd would not flee. The night became like day. When it was the last part of the night, his companions came out carrying him in their hands. They made a fierce charge upon the people, who opened a way for them, so they escaped with him. Many people came down from the fortress and were seized. They reported the exit of Abū Yazīd. Al-Manṣūr ordered to search for him and said, "I do not think he is far from us." While they were thus, Abū Yazīd was brought. That was because three of his companions had carried him from the battlefield and then turned away from him. They had carried him only because of the ugliness of his lameness. He went to descend from the rugged terrain and fell in a difficult place. He was overtaken, seized, and carried to al-Manṣūr. He prostrated in gratitude to God Almighty while the people shouted "God is great" around him. He remained with him until the end of Muḥarram in the year 336 AH, then died of the wounds he had. He ordered him to be put into a cage made for him, with two monkeys playing on him. He ordered his skin to be flayed and stuffed with straw, and ordered letters of good news to be sent to all the lands. Then several Kharijites rose against him, among them Muḥammad b. Khazar. Al-Manṣūr defeated him in the year 336 AH; he had wanted to support Abū Yazīd. Also Faḍl b. Abī Yazīd rose, spread corruption, and cut the roads. One of his companions betrayed him and killed him, carrying his head to al-Manṣūr in the year 336 AH as well. Al-Manṣūr returned to al-Mahdiyya and entered it in the month of Ramaḍān of that year.
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