Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3707
The affair of al-Husayn b. Hamdan
ذِكْرُ أَمْرِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ حَمْدَانَ فِي سَنَةُ ثَلَاثٍ وَثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ خَرَجَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ حَمْدَانَ بِالْجَزِيرَةِ عَنْ طَاعَةِ الْمُقْتَدِرِ. وَسَبَبُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْوَزِيرَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ عِيسَى طَالَبَهُ بِمَالٍ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ دِيَارِ رَبِيعَةَ، وَهُوَ يَتَوَلَّاهَا، فَدَافَعَهُ، فَأَمَرَهُ بِتَسْلِيمِ الْبِلَادِ إِلَى عُمَّالِ السُّلْطَانِ، فَامْتَنَعَ. وَكَانَ مُؤْنِسٌ الْخَادِمُ غَائِبًا بِمِصْرَ لِمُحَارَبَةِ عَسْكَرِ الْمَهْدِيِّ الْعَلَوِيِّ، صَاحِبِ إِفْرِيقِيَّةَ، فَجَهَّزَ الْوَزِيرُ رَائِقًا الْكَبِيرَ فِي جَيْشٍ وَسَيَّرَهُ إِلَى الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ حَمْدَانَ. وَكَتَبَ إِلَى مُؤْنِسٍ يَأْمُرُهُ بِالْمَسِيرِ إِلَى دِيَارِ الْجَزِيرَةِ لِقِتَالِ الْحُسَيْنِ، بَعْدَ فَرَاغِهِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْعَلَوِيِّ، فَسَارَ رَائِقٌ إِلَى الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ حَمْدَانَ. ( وَجَمَعَ لَهُمُ الْحُسَيْنُ نَحْوَ عِشْرِينَ ) أَلْفَ فَارِسٍ، وَسَارَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَوَصَلَ إِلَى الْحَبَشَةِ وَهُمْ قَدْ قَارَبُوهَا، فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا كَثْرَةَ جَيْشِهِ عَلِمُوا عَجْزَهُمْ عَنْهُ لِأَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا أَرْبَعَةَ آلَافِ فَارِسٍ، فَانْحَازُوا إِلَى جَانِبِ دِجْلَةَ، وَنَزَلُوا بِمَوْضِعٍ لَيْسَ لَهُ طَرِيقٌ إِلَّا مِنْ وَجْهٍ وَاحِدٍ، وَجَاءَ الْحُسَيْنُ فَنَزَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَحَصَرَهُمْ، وَمَنَعَ الْمِيرَةَ عَنْهُمْ مِنْ فَوْقٍ وَمِنْ أَسْفَلَ، فَضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَقْوَاتُ وَالْعُلُوفَاتُ، فَأَرْسَلُوا إِلَيْهِ يَبْذُلُونَ لَهُ أَنْ يُوَلِّيَهُ الْخَلِيفَةُ مَا كَانَ بِيَدِهِ وَيَعُودَ عَنْهُمْ، فَلَمْ يُجِبْ إِلَى ذَلِكَ وَلَزِمَ حِصَارَهُمْ، وَأَدَامَ قِتَالَهُمْ إِلَى أَنْ عَادَ مُؤْنِسٌ مِنَ الشَّامِ، فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ الْعَسْكَرُ بِقُرْبِهِ قَوِيَتْ نُفُوسُهُمْ وَضَعُفَتْ نُفُوسُ الْحُسَيْنِ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ، فَخَرَجَ الْعَسْكَرُ إِلَيْهِ لَيْلًا وَكَبَسُوهُ، فَانْهَزَمَ وَعَادَ إِلَى دِيَارِ رَبِيعَةَ، وَسَارَ الْعَسْكَرُ فَنَزَلُوا عَلَى الْمَوْصِلِ. وَسَمِعَ مُؤْنِسٌ خَبَرَ الْحُسَيْنِ، وَجَدَّ مُؤْنِسٌ فِي الْمَسِيرِ نَحْوَ الْحُسَيْنِ، وَاسْتَصْحَبَ مَعَهُ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ كَيْغَلَغَ، فَلَمَّا قَرُبَ مِنْهُ رَاسَلَهُ الْحُسَيْنُ يَعْتَذِرُ، وَتَرَدَّدَتِ الرُّسُلُ بَيْنَهُمَا، فَلَمْ يَسْتَقِرَّ حَالٌ، فَرَحَلَ مُؤْنِسٌ نَحْوَ الْحُسَيْنِ حَتَّى نَزَلَ بِإِزَاءِ جَزِيرَةِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، وَرَحَلَ الْحُسَيْنُ نَحْوَ أَرْمِينِيَّةَ مَعَ ثَقَلِهِ وَأَوْلَادِهِ، وَتَفَرَّقَ عَسْكَرُ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْهُ، وَصَارُوا إِلَى مُؤْنِسٍ. ثُمَّ إِنَّ مُؤْنِسًا جَهَّزَ جَيْشًا فِي أَثَرِ الْحُسَيْنِ، مُقَدَّمُهُمْ بُلَيْقٌ وَمَعَهُ سِيمَا الْجَزَرِيُّ، وَجَنَّى الصَّفْوَانِيُّ، فَتَبِعُوهُ إِلَى تَلِّ فَافَانَ، فَرَأَوْهَا خَاوِيَةً عَلَى عُرُوشِهَا، قَدْ قَتَلَ أَهْلَهَا وَأَحْرَقَهَا، فَجَدُّوا فِي اتِّبَاعِهِ فَأَدْرَكُوهُ فَقَاتَلُوهُ، فَانْهَزَمَ مَنْ بَقِيَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَأُسِرَ هُوَ وَمَعَهُ ابْنُهُ عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ وَجَمِيعُ أَهْلِهِ وَأَكْثَرُ مَنْ صَحِبَهُ، وَقَبَضَ أَمْلَاكَهُ. وَعَادَ مُؤْنِسٌ إِلَى بَغْدَاذَ عَلَى [ طَرِيقِ ] الْمَوْصِلِ وَالْحُسَيْنُ مَعَهُ، فَأُرْكِبَ عَلَى جَمَلٍ هُوَ وَابْنُهُ وَعَلَيْهِمَا الْبَرَانِسُ، وَاللُّبُودُ الطِّوَالُ، وَقُمْصَانٌ مِنْ شَعْرٍ أَحْمَرَ وَحُبِسَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَابْنُهُ عِنْدَ زَيْدَانَ الْقَهْرَمَانَةِ، وَقَبَضَ الْمُقْتَدِرُ عَلَى أَبِي الْهَيْجَاءِ بْنِ حَمْدَانَ ( وَعَلَى جَمِيعِ إِخْوَتِهِ وَحُبِسُوا، وَكَانَ قَدْ هَرَبَ بَعْضُ أَوْلَادِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ حَمْدَانَ )، فَجَمَعَ جَمْعًا وَمَضَى نَحْوَ آمِدَ، فَأَوْقَعَ بِهِمْ مُسْتَحْفِظُهَا، وَقُتِلَ ابْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ وَأُنْفِذَ رَأْسُهُ إِلَى بَغْدَاذَ.
Translation
✧ Mention of the affair of al-Ḥusayn b. Ḥamdān In the year 303, al-Ḥusayn b. Ḥamdān rose in the Jazīrah against the obedience of al-Muqtadir. The reason for that was that the vizier ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā demanded from him money owed from Diyār Rabīʿah, which he was governing, and he stalled him, so he ordered him to hand over the lands to the sultan's agents, but he refused. Muʾnis the eunuch was absent in Egypt fighting the army of al-Mahdī the ʿAlawī, the ruler of Ifrīqīyah, so the vizier equipped Rāʾiq the Elder with an army and dispatched him against al-Ḥusayn b. Ḥamdān. He wrote to Muʾnis ordering him to march to the lands of the Jazīrah to fight al-Ḥusayn, after he finished with the followers of the ʿAlawī, so Rāʾiq marched against al-Ḥusayn b. Ḥamdān. (Al-Ḥusayn gathered against them about twenty) thousand horsemen and marched against them until he reached al-Ḥabashah while they had approached it. When they saw the size of his army, they knew they could not withstand him because they were four thousand horsemen, so they withdrew to the side of the Tigris and camped in a place with only one approach. Al-Ḥusayn came and camped against them, besieging them and cutting off supplies from above and below, so food and fodder became scarce for them. They sent to him offering that the caliph would appoint him over what he held and that he would withdraw from them, but he did not agree to that and continued the siege, persisting in fighting them until Muʾnis returned from Syria. When the army heard of his approach, their spirits strengthened and the spirits of al-Ḥusayn and those with him weakened. The army went out against him at night and attacked him by surprise, so he fled and returned to Diyār Rabīʿah, and the army marched and camped at al-Mawṣil. Muʾnis heard the news of al-Ḥusayn, and Muʾnis hastened his march toward al-Ḥusayn, taking with him Aḥmad b. Kayghalagh. When he drew near, al-Ḥusayn sent to him with apologies, and messengers went back and forth between them, but no settlement was reached. Muʾnis moved against al-Ḥusayn until he camped opposite Jazīrat Ibn ʿUmar, and al-Ḥusayn moved toward Armenia with his baggage and children. Al-Ḥusayn's army scattered from him and went over to Muʾnis. Then Muʾnis equipped an army in pursuit of al-Ḥusayn, led by Bulayq, with him Sīmā al-Jazarī and Jannā al-Ṣafwānī. They followed him to Tall Fāfān and found it empty on its foundations; he had killed its people and burned it. They pressed on in pursuit and overtook him, and fought him. Those who remained of his companions fled, and he was captured, along with his son ʿAbd al-Wahhāb, his entire family, and most of those who accompanied him, and his properties were seized. Muʾnis returned to Baghdād via [the road of] al-Mawṣil with al-Ḥusayn with him. He and his son were mounted on a camel, wearing hoods and long felt cloaks and shirts of red hair. Al-Ḥusayn and his son were imprisoned in the custody of Zaydān the stewardess. Al-Muqtadir arrested Abū al-Hayjāʾ b. Ḥamdān (and all his brothers, and they were imprisoned. Some of the children of al-Ḥusayn b. Ḥamdān had fled), and he gathered a force and went toward Āmid. Its governor fell upon them, and the son of al-Ḥusayn was killed, and his head was sent to Baghdād.
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