Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3603
The year 282 AH
انْهِزَامِ هَارُونَ الْخَارِجِيِّ مِنْ عَسْكَرِ الْمَوْصِلِ كَانَ الْمُعْتَضِدُ بِاللَّهِ قَدْ خَلَّفَ بِالْمَوْصِلِ نَصْرًا الْقُشُورِيَّ يَجْبِي الْأَمْوَالَ، وَيُعِينُ الْعُمَّالَ عَلَى جِبَايَتِهَا، فَخَرَجَ عَامِلُ مَعْلَثَايَا إِلَيْهَا وَمَعَهُ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ نَصْرٍ، فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنَ الْخَوَارِجِ، فَاقْتَتَلُوا إِلَى أَنْ أَدْرَكَهُمُ اللَّيْلُ وَفُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمْ، وَقُتِلَ مِنَ الْخَوَارِجِ إِنْسَانٌ اسْمُهُ جَعْفَرٌ، وَهُوَ مِنْ أَعْيَانِ أَصْحَابِ هَارُونَ، فَعَظُمَ عَلَيْهِ قَتْلُهُ، وَأَمَرَ أَصْحَابَهُ بِالْإِفْسَادِ فِي الْبِلَادِ. فَكَتَبَ نَصْرٌ الْقُشُورِيُّ إِلَى هَارُونَ الْخَارِجِيِّ كِتَابًا يَتَهَدَّدُهُ بِقُرْبِ الْخَلِيفَةِ، وَأَنَّهُ إِنْ هَمَّ بِهِ أَهْلَكَهُ وَأَهْلَكَ أَصْحَابَهُ، وَأَنَّهُ لَا يَغْتَرُّ بِمَنْ سَارَ إِلَى حَرْبِهِ فَعَادَ عَنْهُ بِمَكْرٍ وَخَدِيعَةٍ. فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ هَارُونُ كِتَابًا، مِنْهُ: أَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتَ مِمَّنْ أَرَادَ قَصْدِي، وَرَجَعَ عَنِّي، فَإِنَّهُمْ لَمَّا رَأَوْا جِدَّنَا، وَاجْتِهَادَنَا كَانُوا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ فَرَاشًا مُتَتَابِعًا، وَنَحْنُ عَلَى فَرْسَخٍ مِنْهُمْ، وَمَا غَرَّكَ، إِلَّا مَا أَصَبْتَ بِهِ صَاحِبَنَا، فَظَنَنْتَ أَنَّ دَمَهُ مَطْلُولٌ، أَوْ أَنَّ وَتَرَهُ مَتْرُوكٌ لَكَ، كَلَّا إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى مِنْ وَرَائِكَ، وَآخِذٌ بِنَاصِيَتِكَ، وَمُعِينٌ عَلَى إِدْرَاكِ الْحَقِّ مِنْكَ، وَلِمَ تُعَيِّرُنَا بِغَيْرِكَ وَتَدَعُ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَكَانُ ذَلِكَ إِبْدَاءَ صَحْفَتِكَ، وَإِظْهَارَ عَدَاوَتِكَ ؟ وَإِنَّا إِيَّاكَ كَمَا قِيلَ: فَلَا تُوعِدْنَا بِاللِّقَاءِ وَأَبْرِزُوا إِلَيْنَا سَوَادًا نَلْقَهُ بِسَوَادِ وَلَعَمْرُ اللَّهِ مَا نَدْعُو إِلَى الْبِرَازِ ثِقَةً بِأَنْفُسِنَا، وَلَا عَنْ ظَنٍّ أَنَّ الْحَوْلَ وَالْقُوَّةَ لَنَا، لَكِنْ ثِقَةً بِرَبِّنَا، وَاعْتِمَادًا عَلَى جَمِيلِ عَوَائِدِهِ عِنْدَنَا. وَأَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتَ مِنْ أَمْرِ سُلْطَانِكَ فَإِنَّ سُلْطَانَكَ لَا يَزَالُ مِنَّا قَرِيبٌ، وَبِحَالِنَا عَالِمًا، ( فَلَا قَدَّمَ أَجَلًا وَلَا أَخَّرَهُ )، وَلَا بَسَطَ رِزْقًا، وَلَا قَبَضَهُ، قَدْ بَعَثْنَا عَلَى مُقَابَلَتِكَ، وَسَتَعْلَمُ عَنْ قَرِيبٍ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى. فَعَرَضَ نَصْرٌ كِتَابَ هَارُونَ عَلَى الْمُعْتَضِدِ، فَجَدَّ فِي قَصْدِهِ، وَوَلَّى الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ كَوْرَةَ الْمَوْصِلَ، وَأَمَرَهُ بِقَصْدِ الْخَوَارِجِ، وَأَمَرَ مُقَدَّمِي الْوِلَايَاتِ وَالْعُمَّالَ كَافَّةً بِطَاعَتِهِ، فَجَمَعَهُمْ، وَسَارَ إِلَى أَعْمَالِ الْمَوْصِلِ، وَخَنْدَقَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ، وَأَقَامَ إِلَى أَنْ رَفَعَ النَّاسُ غَلَّاتِهِمْ، ثُمَّ سَارَ الْخَوَارِجُ، وَعَبَرَ الزَّابَ إِلَيْهِمْ، فَلَقِيَهُمْ قَرِيبًا مِنَ الْمُغَلَّةِ، وَتَصَافُّوا لِلْحَرْبِ، فَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، وَانْكَشَفَ الْخَوَارِجُ عَنْهُ لِيُفَرِّقُوا جَمْعِيَّتَهُ، ثُمَّ يَعْطِفُوا عَلَيْهِ، فَأَمَرَ الْحَسَنُ أَصْحَابَهُ بِلُزُومِ ( مَوَاقِفِهِمْ، فَفَعَلُوا، فَرَجَعَ الْخَوَارِجُ، وَحَمَلُوا عَلَيْهِمْ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ حَمْلَةً، فَانْكَشَفَتْ ) مَيْمَنَةُ الْحَسَنِ، وَقُتِلَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَثَبَتَ هُوَ، فَحَمَلَ الْخَوَارِجُ عَلَيْهِ حَمْلَةَ رَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ، فَثَبَتَ لَهُمْ وَضَرَبَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ عِدَّةَ ضَرَبَاتٍ فَلَمْ تُؤَثِّرْ فِيهِ. فَلَمَّا رَأَى أَصْحَابُهُ ثَبَاتَهُ تَرَاجَعُوا إِلَيْهِ وَصَبَرُوا، ( فَانْهَزَمَ الْخَوَارِجُ أَقْبَحَ هَزِيمَةٍ )، وَقُتِلَ مِنْهُمْ خَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ، وَفَارَقُوا مَوْضِعَ الْمَعْرَكَةِ، وَدَخَلُوا أَذْرَبِيجَانَ. وَأَمَّا هَارُونُ فَإِنَّهُ تَحَيَّرَ فِي أَمْرِهِ، وَقَصَدَ الْبَرِّيَّةَ، ( وَنَزَلَ عِنْدَ بَنِي تَغْلِبَ، ثُمَّ عَادَ مَعْلَثَايَا، ثُمَّ ) عَادَ إِلَى الْبَرِّيَّةِ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ عَبْرَ دِجْلَةَ إِلَى حَزَّةَ، وَعَادَ إِلَى الْبَرِّيَّةِ. وَأَمَّا وُجُوهُ أَصْحَابِهِ، فَإِنَّهُمْ لَمَّا رَأَوْا إِقْبَالَ دَوْلَةِ الْمُعْتَضِدِ وَقُوَّتَهُ، وَمَا لَحِقَهُمْ فِي هَذِهِ الْوَقْعَةِ، رَاسَلُوا الْمُعْتَضِدَ يَطْلُبُونَ الْأَمَانَ فَأَمَّنَهُمْ، فَأَتَاهُ كَثِيرٌ مِنْهُمْ، يَبْلُغُونَ ثَلَاثَمِائَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ رَجُلًا، وَبَقِيَ مَعَهُ بَعْضُهُمْ يَجُولُ بِهِمْ فِي الْبِلَادِ، إِلَى أَنْ قُتِلَ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَثَمَانِينَ [ وَمِائَتَيْنِ ] عَلَى مَا نَذْكُرُهُ.
Translation
✧ The Rout of Hārūn al-Khārijī from the Camp of al-Mawṣil Al-Muʿtaḍid bi-Allāh had left behind in al-Mawṣil Naṣr al-Qushūrī to collect the revenues and assist the tax agents in their collection. The tax agent of Maʿlathāyā went out to it accompanied by a group of Naṣr’s men, and a band of Kharijites fell upon them. They fought until night overtook them and separated them. One of the Kharijites, a man named Jaʿfar, who was among the leading companions of Hārūn, was killed. His death weighed heavily upon Hārūn, and he ordered his companions to spread corruption throughout the land. Naṣr al-Qushūrī wrote to Hārūn al-Khārijī a letter threatening him with the Caliph’s proximity, saying that if he attacked him he would destroy him and his companions, and that he should not be deceived by those who had marched to war against him and then turned away from him through cunning and deceit. Hārūn wrote him a letter, part of which read: As for what you mentioned concerning those who intended to seek me out and then turned away from me, when they saw our seriousness and our striving, they were—by God’s permission—moths following one after another, while we were a parasang from them. Nothing has deceived you except what you did to our companion, so you imagined that his blood would go unavenged, or that his claim would be left to you. No indeed! God Almighty is behind you, seizing you by the forelock and aiding in exacting the right from you. Why do you reproach us with someone other than yourself and refrain from making that a display of your own dish and an exposure of your enmity? We and you are as it was said: Do not threaten us with meeting; bring out against us a host, and we shall meet it with a host. By my life, we do not call to single combat out of confidence in ourselves, nor out of a belief that power and strength belong to us, but out of confidence in our Lord and reliance upon His excellent favors toward us. As for what you mentioned concerning the matter of your ruler, your ruler remains ever near to us and aware of our condition; he neither advances a term nor delays it, nor extends provision nor withholds it. We have sent to meet you, and you will know soon, God Almighty willing. Naṣr presented Hārūn’s letter to al-Muʿtaḍid, who intensified his pursuit of him. He appointed al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī over the district of al-Mawṣil and ordered him to seek out the Kharijites, and he commanded all the commanders of provinces and tax agents to obey him. He assembled them and marched to the districts of al-Mawṣil, dug a trench around himself, and remained until the people had raised their crops. Then the Kharijites marched and crossed the Zāb against them. He met them near al-Mughalla, and they formed lines for battle. They fought a fierce battle, and the Kharijites withdrew from him in order to break up his formation and then turn upon him. Al-Ḥasan ordered his companions to hold their positions, and they did so. The Kharijites returned and charged them seventeen times. Al-Ḥasan’s right wing broke, and some of his companions were killed, but he stood firm. The Kharijites charged him with the charge of a single man, and he stood firm against them and was struck several blows on the head, none of which affected him. When his companions saw his steadfastness, they rallied to him and endured, and the Kharijites were routed with the foulest rout. Many of them were killed, and they abandoned the battlefield and entered Adharbayjān. As for Hārūn, he was confounded in his affair and made for the desert. He halted among the Banū Taghlib, then returned to Maʿlathāyā, then returned to the desert, then crossed over the Tigris back to Ḥazza, and returned to the desert. As for the leading men among his companions, when they saw the ascendancy and strength of al-Muʿtaḍid’s dynasty and what had befallen them in this battle, they corresponded with al-Muʿtaḍid seeking a guarantee of safety. He granted them amnesty, and many of them came to him, numbering three hundred and sixty men. Some of them remained with him, roaming through the land with them, until he was killed in the year two hundred and eighty-three, as we shall relate.
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