Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3494
The Year 264 AH
وَفَاةِ أَمَاجُورَ، وَمُلْكِ ابْنِ طُولُونَ الشَّامَ وَطَرَسُوسَ، وَقَتْلِ سِيمَا الطَّوِيلِ وَفِي سنة أربع وستين ومائتين تُوُفِّيَ أَمَاجُورُ مُقْطَعَ دِمَشْقَ، وَوَلِيَ ابْنُهُ مَكَانَهُ، فَتَجَهَّزَ ابْنُ طُولُونَ لِيَسِيرَ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَيَمْلِكَهُ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَى ابْنِ أَمَاجُورَ يَذْكُرُ لَهُ أَنَّ الْخَلِيفَةَ قَدْ أَقْطَعَهُ الشَّامَ وَالثُّغُورَ، فَأَجَابَهُ بِالسَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ، سَارَ أَحْمَدُ، وَاسْتَخْلَفَ بِمِصْرَ ابْنَهُ الْعَبَّاسَ، فَلَقِيَهُ ابْنُ أَمَاجُورَ ( بِالرَّمْلَةِ فَأَقَرَّهُ عَلَيْهَا، وَسَارَ إِلَى دِمَشْقَ فَمَلَكَهَا وَأَقَرَّ قُوَّادَ أَمَاجُورَ ) عَلَى أَقْطَاعِهِمْ، وَسَارَ إِلَى حِمْصَ فَمَلَكَهَا، وَكَذَلِكَ حَمَاةُ، وَحَلَبُ. وَرَاسَلَ سِيمَا الطَّوِيلَ بِأَنْطَاكِيَّةَ يَدْعُوهُ إِلَى طَاعَتِهِ لِيُقِرَّهُ عَلَى وِلَايَتِهِ، فَامْتَنَعَ، فَعَاوَدَهُ فَلَمْ يُطِعْهُ، فَسَارَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ طُولُونَ، فَحَصَرَهُ بِأَنْطَاكِيَّةَ، وَكَانَ سَيِّئَ السِّيرَةِ مَعَ أَهْلِ الْبَلَدِ، فَكَاتَبُوا أَحْمَدَ بْنَ طُولُونَ، وَدَلُّوهُ عَلَى عَوْرَةِ الْبَلَدِ، فَنَصَبَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَجَانِيقَ، وَقَاتَلَهُ، فَمَلَكَ الْبَلَدَ عَنْوَةً، وَالْحِصْنَ الَّذِي لَهُ، وَرَكِبَ سِيمَا، وَقَاتَلَ قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا حَتَّى قُتِلَ وَلَمْ يَعْلَمْ بِهِ أَحَدٌ، فَاجْتَازَ بِهِ بَعْضُ قُوَّادِهِ فَرَآهُ قَتِيلًا، فَحَمَلَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى أَحْمَدَ، فَسَاءَهُ قَتْلُهُ. وَرَحَلَ عَنْ أَنْطَاكِيَّةَ إِلَى طَرَسُوسَ، فَدَخَلَهَا وَعَزَمَ عَلَى الْمُقَامِ بِهَا، وَمُلَازَمَةِ الْغُزَاةِ، فَغَلَا السِّعْرُ بِهَا، وَضَاقَتْ عَنْهُ وَعَنْ عَسَاكِرِهِ، فَرَكِبَ أَهْلُهَا إِلَيْهِ بِالْمُخَيَّمِ، وَقَالُوا لَهُ: قَدْ ضَيَّقْتَ بَلَدَنَا، وَأَغْلَيْتَ أَسْعَارَنَا، فَإِمَّا أَقَمْتَ فِي عَدَدٍ يَسِيرٍ، وَإِمَّا ارْتَحَلْتَ عَنَّا، أَغْلَظُوا لَهُ فِي الْقَوْلِ، وَشَغَبُوا عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ لِأَصْحَابِهِ: لِتَنْهَزِمُوا مِنَ الطَّرَسُوسِيِّينَ، وَتَرْحَلُوا عَنِ الْبَلَدِ، لِيَظْهَرَ لِلنَّاسِ وَخَاصَّةً الْعَدُوَّ أَنَّ ابْنَ طُولُونَ عَلَى بُعْدِ صِيتِهِ وَكَثْرَةِ عَسَاكِرِهِ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى أَهْلِ طَرَسُوسَ ; وَانْهَزَمَ عَنْهُمْ لِيَكُونَ أَهْيَبَ لَهُمْ فِي قَلْبِ الْعَدُوِّ. وَعَادَ إِلَى الشَّامِ. فَأَتَاهُ خَبَرُ وَلَدِهِ الْعَبَّاسِ، وَهُوَ اسْتَخْلَفَهُ بِمِصْرَ، وَأَنَّهُ قَدْ عَصَى عَلَيْهِ، وَأَخَذَ الْأَمْوَالَ، وَسَارَ إِلَى بُرْقَةَ مُشَاقًّا لِأَبِيهِ، فَلَمْ يَكْتَرِثْ لِذَلِكَ، وَلَمْ يَنْزَعِجْ لَهُ، وَثَبَتَ، وَقَضَى أَشْغَالَهُ، وَحَفِظَ أَطْرَافَ بِلَادِهِ، وَتَرَكَ بِحَرَّانَ عَسْكَرًا، وَبِالرَّقَّةِ عَسْكَرًا مَعَ غُلَامِهِ لُؤْلُؤٍ، وَكَانَتْ حَرَّانُ لِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَتَامِشَ، ( وَكَانَ شُجَاعًا )، فَأَخْرَجَهُ عَنْهَا وَهَزَمَهُ هَزِيمَةً قَبِيحَةً. وَاتَّصَلَ خَبَرُهُ بِأَخِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ أَتَامِشَ، وَكَانَ شُجَاعًا بَطَلًا، فَجَمَعَ عَسْكَرًا كَثِيرًا وَسَارَ نَحْوَ حَرَّانَ، وَبِهَا عَسْكَرُ ابْنِ طُولُونَ، وَمُقَدَّمُهُمْ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ جَيْعَوَيْهِ، فَلَمَّا اتَّصَلَ بِهِ خَبَرُ مَسِيرِ مُوسَى أَقْلَقَهُ ذَلِكَ وَأَزْعَجَهُ، فَفَطِنَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ يُقَالُ لَهُ أَبُو الْأَغَرِّ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: أَيُّهَا الْأَمِيرُ، أَرَاكَ مُفَكِّرًا مُنْذُ أَتَاكَ خَبَرُ ابْنِ أَتَامِشَ، وَمَا هَذَا مَحَلُّهُ، فَإِنَّهُ طَيَّاشٌ قَلِقٌ، وَلَوْ شَاءَ الْأَمِيرُ أَنْ آتِيَهُ بِهِ أَسِيرًا لَفَعَلْتُ. فَغَاظَهُ قَوْلُهُ، وَقَالَ: قَدْ شِئْتُ أَنْ تَأْتِيَ بِهِ أَسِيرًا ; قَالَ: فَاضْمُمْ إِلَيَّ عِشْرِينَ رَجُلًا اخْتَارُهُمْ، قَالَ: افْعَلْ، فَاخْتَارَ عِشْرِينَ رَجُلًا وَسَارَ بِهِمْ إِلَى عَسْكَرِ مُوسَى، فَلَمَّا قَارَبَهُمْ كَمَنَ بَعْضُهُمْ، وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُمْ عَلَامَةً إِذَا سَمِعُوهَا ظَهَرُوا. ثُمَّ دَخَلَ الْعَسْكَرُ الْبَاقِينَ فِي زِيِّ الْأَعْرَابِ، وَقَارَبَ مَضَارِبَ مُوسَى، وَقَصَدَ خَيْلًا مَرْبُوطَةً فَأَطْلَقَهَا، وَصَاحَ هُوَ وَأَصْحَابُهُ فِيهَا فَنَفَرَتْ، وَصَاحَ هُوَ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ، وَأَصْحَابُ مُوسَى غَارُّونَ، وَقَدْ تَفَرَّقَ بَعْضُهُمْ فِي حَوَائِجِهِمْ، انْزَعَجَ الْعَسْكَرُ، وَرَكِبُوا، وَرَكِبَ مُوسَى، فَانْهَزَمَ أَبُو الْأَغَرِّ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ، فَتَبِعَهُ حَتَّى أَخْرَجَهُ مِنَ الْعَسْكَرِ، وَجَازَ بِهِ الْكَمِينَ، فَنَادَى أَبُو الْأَغَرِّ بِالْعَلَامَةِ الَّتِي بَيْنَهُمْ، فَثَارُوا مِنَ النَّوَاحِي، وَعَطَفَ أَبُو الْأَغَرِّ عَلَى مُوسَى فَأَسَرُوهُ، فَأَخَذُوهُ، وَسَارُوا حَتَّى وَصَلُوا إِلَى ابْنِ جَيْعَوَيْهِ، فَعَجِبَ النَّاسُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، وَحَارُوا، فَسَيَّرَهُ ابْنُ جَيْعَوَيْهِ إِلَى ابْنِ طُولُونَ، فَاعْتَقَلَهُ، وَعَادَ إِلَى مِصْرَ، وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي سَنَةِ خَمْسِينَ وَسِتِّينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ.
Translation
✧ The death of Amājūr, Ibn Ṭūlūn's taking possession of Syria and Tarsus, and the killing of Sīmā al-Ṭawīl In the year two hundred and sixty-four, Amājūr, the holder of the fief of Damascus, died, and his son succeeded him in his place. Ibn Ṭūlūn then prepared to march to Syria in order to take possession of it. He wrote to Ibn Amājūr, mentioning to him that the caliph had granted him Syria and the frontier fortresses as a fief. He replied with obedience and compliance. Aḥmad set out, and appointed his son al-ʿAbbās as his deputy in Egypt. Ibn Amājūr met him at al-Ramla, and he confirmed him in it. Then he marched to Damascus and took possession of it, and confirmed the commanders of Amājūr in their fiefs. Then he marched to Homs and took possession of it, and likewise Hamah and Aleppo. He corresponded with Sīmā al-Ṭawīl at Antioch, summoning him to obedience so that he might confirm him in his governorship. He refused, and when he repeated the summons, he did not obey him. So Aḥmad b. Ṭūlūn marched and besieged him in Antioch. Sīmā had been of bad conduct toward the people of the town, so they wrote to Aḥmad b. Ṭūlūn and pointed out to him a weak point of the town. He set up mangonels against it and fought him, and took the town by force, along with the fortress that belonged to it. Sīmā mounted and fought a fierce battle until he was killed without anyone knowing it. One of his commanders happened to pass by him and saw him slain, so he carried his head to Aḥmad, and his killing grieved him. He departed from Antioch to Tarsus, entered it, and resolved to stay there and keep company with the raiders. But prices rose there, and it became too cramped for him and his armies. The people of the town rode out to him in the camp and said to him: "You have made our town cramped and raised our prices. Either stay with a small number, or depart from us." They spoke harshly to him and rioted against him. Aḥmad said to his companions: "Let us flee from the people of Tarsus and depart from the town, so that it may appear to the people, and especially to the enemy, that Ibn Ṭūlūn, despite his widespread fame and numerous armies, could not prevail over the people of Tarsus and fled from them, in order that they might be more feared in the enemy's heart." He returned to Syria. There came to him news of his son al-ʿAbbās, whom he had appointed as his deputy in Egypt, that he had rebelled against him, taken the monies, and marched to Barqa in defiance of his father. He paid no heed to that and was not disturbed by it, but stood firm, completed his tasks, and guarded the frontiers of his lands. He left an army at Harran and an army at al-Raqqa with his page Luʾluʾ. Harran had belonged to Muḥammad b. Atāmish, and he was courageous, and he expelled him from it and inflicted a shameful defeat on him. His news reached his brother Mūsā b. Atāmish, who was a brave hero. He gathered a large army and marched toward Harran, where Ibn Ṭūlūn's army was, their commander being Aḥmad b. Jayʿawayh. When the news of Mūsā's advance reached him, it agitated and alarmed him. A man of the Bedouin called Abū al-Agharr noticed his state and said to him: "O emir, I see you thoughtful ever since the news of Ibn Atāmish came to you, but this is not the place for that, for he is flighty and restless. If the emir wished, I would bring him to you as a captive." His words angered him, and he said: "I do wish you to bring him as a captive." He said: "Then attach to me twenty men whom I shall choose." He said: "Do so." So he chose twenty men and set out with them to Mūsā's camp. When he drew near them, he had some of them lie in ambush, and set between himself and them a signal, so that when they heard it they would come out. Then the remaining men entered the camp in Bedouin dress. He approached Mūsā's tents, made for horses that were tethered, and released them. He and his companions shouted at them, and they bolted. He and those Bedouin with him shouted, while Mūsā's men were off guard, and some of them had dispersed on their errands. The camp was thrown into turmoil, and they mounted, and Mūsā mounted. Abū al-Agharr fled before him, and he pursued him until he led him out of the camp and past the ambush. Then Abū al-Agharr called out the signal that was between them, and they rose from the sides. Abū al-Agharr turned upon Mūsā, and they captured him. They took him and traveled until they reached Ibn Jayʿawayh, and the people marveled at that and were bewildered. Ibn Jayʿawayh sent him to Ibn Ṭūlūn, who imprisoned him. He returned to Egypt, and that was in the year two hundred and sixty-five.
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