Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3479
The Year 262 AH
الْحَرْبِ بَيْنَ الْمُوَفَّقِ وَالصَّفَّارِ فِي سَنَةُ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَسِتِّينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ، فِي مَحَرَّمٍ، سَارَ الصَّفَّارُ مِنْ فَارِسَ إِلَى الْأَهْوَازِ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ الْمُعْتَمِدَ إِقْبَالُهُ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَبُفْرَاجُ، أَطْلَقَ مَنْ كَانَ فِي حَبْسِهِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ يَعْقُوبَ، فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ حَبَسَهُمْ لَمَّا أَخَذَ يَعْقُوبُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ طَاهِرِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ. وَعَادَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بِرِسَالَةٍ مِنْ عِنْدِ يَعْقُوبَ، ( فَجَلَسَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بِبَغْدَاذَ، وَكَانَ قَدْ أَخَّرَ مَسِيرَهُ إِلَى الزَّنْجِ لِمَا بَلَغَهُ مِنْ خَبَرِ يَعْقُوبَ )، وَأَحْضَرَ التُّجَّارَ، وَأَخْبَرَهُمْ بِتَوْلِيَةِ يَعْقُوبَ خُرَاسَانَ، وَجُرْجَانَ، وَطَبَرِسْتَانَ، وَالرَّيَّ، وَفَارِسَ، وَالشُّرْطَةَ بِبَغْدَاذَ، كَانَ بِمَحْضَرٍ مِنْ دِرْهَمٍ صَاحِبِ يَعْقُوبَ، كَانَ يَعْقُوبُ قَدْ أَرْسَلَهُ يَطْلُبُ لِنَفْسِهِ مَا ذَكَرْنَا، وَأَعَادَهُ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ إِلَى يَعْقُوبَ، وَمَعَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ سِيمَا، بِمَا أُضِيفَ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الْوِلَايَاتِ. فَعَادَ الرُّسُلُ مِنْ عِنْدِ يَعْقُوبَ يَقُولُونَ: إِنَّهُ لَا يُرْضِيهِ مَا كَتَبَ بِهِ دُونَ أَنْ يَسِيرَ إِلَى بَابِ الْمُعْتَمِدِ ! وَارْتَحَلَ يَعْقُوبُ مِنْ عَسْكَرِ مُكْرَمٍ، وَسَارَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو السَّاجِ، وَصَارَ مَعَهُ، فَأَكْرَمَهُ، وَأَحْسَنَ إِلَيْهِ وَوَصَلَهُ. فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ الْمُعْتَمِدُ رِسَالَةَ يَعْقُوبَ خَرَجَ مِنْ سَامَرَّا فِي عَسَاكِرِهِ، وَسَارَ إِلَى بَغْدَاذَ، ثُمَّ الزَّعْفَرَانِيَّةِ، فَنَزَلَهَا، وَقَدَّمَ أَخَاهُ الْمُوَفَّقَ، وَسَارَ يَعْقُوبُ مِنْ عَسْكَرِ مُكْرَمٍ إِلَى وَاسِطَ، فَدَخَلَهَا لَسْتٍ بَقِينَ مِنْ جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ، وَارْتَحَلَ الْمُعْتَمِدُ مِنَ الزَّعْفَرَانِيَّةِ إِلَى سَيْبِ بَنِي كَوْمَا، فَوَافَاهُ هُنَاكَ مَسْرُورٌ الْبَلْخِيُّ عَائِدًا مِنَ الْوَجْهِ الَّذِي كَانَ فِيهِ، وَسَارَ يَعْقُوبُ مِنْ وَاسِطَ إِلَى دَيْرِ الْعَاقُولِ ; وَسَيَّرَ الْمُعْتَمِدُ أَخَاهُ الْمُوَفَّقَ فِي الْعَسَاكِرِ لِمُحَارَبَةِ يَعْقُوبَ، فَجَعَلَ الْمُوَفَّقُ عَلَى مَيْمَنَتِهِ مُوسَى بْنَ بُغَا، وَعَلَى مَيْسَرَتِهِ مَسْرُورًا الْبَلْخِيَّ، وَقَامَ هُوَ فِي الْقَلْبِ. وَالْتَقَيَا، فَحَمَلَتْ مَيْسَرَةُ يَعْقُوبَ عَلَى مَيْمَنَةِ الْمُوَفَّقِ فَهَزَمَتْهَا، وَقَتَلَتْ مِنْهَا جَمَاعَةً مِنْ قُوَّادِهِمْ، مِنْهُمْ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سِيمَا وَغَيْرُهُ، ثُمَّ تَرَاجَعَ الْمُنْهَزِمُونَ، وَكَشَفَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الْمُوَفَّقُ رَأْسَهُ، وَقَالَ: أَنَا الْغُلَامُ الْهَاشِمِيُّ ! وَحَمَلَ، وَحَمَلَ مَعَهُ سَائِرُ عَسْكَرِهِ عَلَى عَسْكَرِ يَعْقُوبَ، فَثَبَتُوا، وَتَحَارَبُوا حَرْبًا شَدِيدَةً، وَقُتِلَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ يَعْقُوبَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْهُمُ الْحَسَنُ الدِّرْهَمِيُّ، وَأَصَابَتْ يَعْقُوبَ ثَلَاثَةُ أَسْهُمٍ فِي حَلْقِهِ وَيَدَيْهِ، وَلَمْ تَزَلِ الْحَرْبُ إِلَى وَقْتِ الْعَصْرِ. ثُمَّ وَافَى أَبَا أَحْمَدَ الْمُوَفَّقَ الدَّيْرَانِيُّ، ( وَمُحَمَّدَ ) بْنَ أَوْسٍ، فَاجْتَمَعَ جَمِيعُ مَنْ بَقِيَ فِي عَسْكَرِهِ، وَقَدْ ظَهَرَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ يَعْقُوبَ كَرَاهَةٌ لِلْقِتَالِ مَعَهُ، إِذْ رَأَوُا الْخَلِيفَةَ يُقَاتِلُهُ، فَحَمَلُوا عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ وَمَنْ قَدْ ثَبَتَ لِلْقِتَالِ، فَانْهَزَمَ أَصْحَابُ يَعْقُوبَ، وَثَبَتَ يَعْقُوبُ فِي خَاصَّةِ أَصْحَابِهِ، حَتَّى مَضَوْا، وَفَارَقُوا مَوْضِعَ الْحَرْبِ، ( وَتَبِعَهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْمُوَفَّقِ )، فَغَنِمُوا مَا فِي عَسْكَرِهِمْ، وَكَانَ فِيهِ مِنَ الدَّوَابِّ، وَالْبِغَالِ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ عَشَرَةِ آلَافٍ، وَمِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ مَا يُكَلُّ عَنْ حَمْلِهِ، وَمِنْ جُرُبِ الْمِسْكِ أَمْرٌ عَظِيمٌ، وَتَخَلَّصَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ طَاهِرٍ، وَكَانَ مُثْقَلًا بِالْحَدِيدِ، وَخَلَعَ عَلَيْهِ الْمُوَفَّقُ، وَوَلَّاهُ الشُّرْطَةَ بِبَغْدَاذَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ. وَسَارَ يَعْقُوبُ مِنَ الْهَزِيمَةِ إِلَى خُوزِسْتَانَ، فَنَزَلَ جَنْدِيْسَابُورَ، وَرَاسَلَهُ الْعَلَوِيُّ الْبَصْرِيُّ يَحُثُّهُ عَلَى الرُّجُوعِ إِلَى بَغْدَاذَ، وَيَعِدُهُ الْمُسَاعَدَةَ، فَقَالَ لِكَاتِبِهِ: اكْتُبْ إِلَيْهِ: ( قُلْ يَاأَيُّهَا الْكَافِرُونَ لَا أَعْبُدُ مَا تَعْبُدُونَ ) السُّورَةَ، وَسَيَّرَ الْكِتَابَ إِلَيْهِ. وَكَانَتِ الْوَاقِعَةُ لِإِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ خَلَتْ مِنْ رَجَبٍ ; وَكَتَبَ الْمُعْتَمِدِ إِلَى ابْنِ وَاصِلٍ بِتَوْلِيَتِهِ فَارِسَ، وَكَانَ قَدْ سَارَ إِلَيْهَا وَجَمَعَ جَمَاعَةً فَغَلَبَ عَلَيْهَا، فَسَيَّرَ إِلَيْهِ يَعْقُوبُ عَسْكَرًا عَظِيمًا عَلَيْهِمُ ابْنُ عَزِيزِ بْنِ السَّرِيِّ إِلَى فَارِسَ، وَاسْتَوْلَى عَلَيْهَا، وَرَجَعَ الْمُعْتَمِدُ إِلَى سَامَرَّا. وَأَمَّا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الْمُوَفَّقُ فَإِنَّهُ سَارَ إِلَى وَاسِطَ لِيَتْبَعَ الصَّفَّارَ، وَأَمَرَ أَصْحَابَهُ بِالتَّجَهُّزِ لِذَلِكَ، فَأَصَابَهُ مَرَضٌ، فَعَادَ إِلَى بَغْدَاذَ وَمَعَهُ مَسْرُورٌ، وَقَبَضَ مَا لِأَبِي السَّاجِ مِنَ الضِيَاعِ، وَالْمَنَازِلِ، وَأَقْطَعَهَا مَسْرُورًا الْبَلْخِيَّ، وَقَدِمَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ طَاهِرٍ بَغْدَاذَ.
Translation
✧ The war between al-Muwaffaq and al-Ṣaffār In the year two hundred and sixty-two, in Muḥarram, al-Ṣaffār marched from Fārs to al-Ahwāz. When his approach reached al-Muʿtamid, he sent to him Ismāʿīl b. Isḥāq and Bufrāj, and released those of Yaʿqūb's companions who were in his prison; for he had imprisoned them when Yaʿqūb seized Muḥammad b. Ṭāhir b. al-Ḥusayn. Ismāʿīl returned with a message from Yaʿqūb. (Abū Aḥmad sat in Baghdādh, having delayed his march against the Zanj because of the news of Yaʿqūb that had reached him), and he summoned the merchants and informed them of the appointment of Yaʿqūb over Khurāsān, Jurjān, Ṭabaristān, al-Rayy, Fārs, and the shurṭah in Baghdādh, in the presence of Dirham, Yaʿqūb's agent, whom Yaʿqūb had sent to request for himself what we have mentioned. Abū Aḥmad sent him back to Yaʿqūb, and with him ʿUmar b. Sīmā, with the provinces that had been added to him. The envoys returned from Yaʿqūb saying: He will not be satisfied with what has been written unless he marches to the gate of al-Muʿtamid! Yaʿqūb departed from ʿAskar Mukram, and Abū al-Sāj went to him and joined him, and he honored him, treated him well, and gave him gifts. When al-Muʿtamid heard Yaʿqūb's message, he left Sāmarrā with his armies and marched to Baghdādh, then to al-Zaʿfarāniyyah, where he encamped. He sent his brother al-Muwaffaq ahead, and Yaʿqūb marched from ʿAskar Mukram to Wāsiṭ, which he entered on the twenty-fourth of Jumādā al-Ākhirah. Al-Muʿtamid departed from al-Zaʿfarāniyyah to Sayb Banī Kūmā, where Masrūr al-Balkhī met him, returning from the direction in which he had been. Yaʿqūb marched from Wāsiṭ to Dayr al-ʿĀqūl; al-Muʿtamid sent his brother al-Muwaffaq with the armies to fight Yaʿqūb. Al-Muwaffaq placed Mūsā b. Bughā on his right wing and Masrūr al-Balkhī on his left wing, and he himself stood in the center. They met, and Yaʿqūb's left wing charged al-Muwaffaq's right wing and routed it, killing a group of its commanders, among them Ibrāhīm b. Sīmā and others. Then the defeated ones rallied, and Abū Aḥmad al-Muwaffaq uncovered his head and said: I am the Hāshimite youth! And he charged, and with him the rest of his army charged against Yaʿqūb's army. They stood firm, and they fought a fierce battle. A group of Yaʿqūb's companions was killed, among them al-Ḥasan al-Dirhamī, and Yaʿqūb was struck by three arrows in his throat and his hands. The fighting continued until the time of the afternoon prayer. Then al-Dayrānī and Muḥammad b. Aws joined Abū Aḥmad al-Muwaffaq, and all who remained in his army gathered. Dislike of fighting with Yaʿqūb had become evident among his companions, since they saw the caliph fighting against him. They charged Yaʿqūb and those who had stood firm in the fighting, and Yaʿqūb's companions fled. Yaʿqūb stood firm with his elite companions until they departed and left the battlefield, and al-Muwaffaq's companions pursued them and plundered what was in their camp. In it were more than ten thousand riding beasts and mules, and wealth too heavy to carry, and a great quantity of bags of musk. Muḥammad b. Ṭāhir was set free; he had been laden with iron. Al-Muwaffaq bestowed a robe of honor on him and later appointed him head of the shurṭah in Baghdādh. Yaʿqūb marched from the defeat to Khūzistān and encamped at Jundīsābūr. The ʿAlawī from al-Baṣrah wrote to him urging him to return to Baghdādh and promising him assistance. He said to his secretary: Write to him: “Say: O disbelievers, I do not worship what you worship”—the whole sūrah—and he sent the letter to him. The battle took place on the eleventh of Rajab. Al-Muʿtamid wrote to Ibn Wāṣil appointing him over Fārs. He had marched there and gathered a group and gained control of it. Yaʿqūb sent against him a great army under Ibn ʿAzīz b. al-Sarī to Fārs, and he took possession of it. Al-Muʿtamid returned to Sāmarrā. As for Abū Aḥmad al-Muwaffaq, he marched to Wāsiṭ to pursue al-Ṣaffār, and ordered his companions to prepare for that. Then illness struck him, and he returned to Baghdādh with Masrūr. He seized Abū al-Sāj's estates and houses and granted them to Masrūr al-Balkhī. Muḥammad b. Ṭāhir arrived in Baghdādh.
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