Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3465
The Year 260 AH from the Prophetic Emigration
الْفِتْنَةِ بِالْمَوْصِلِ وَإِخْرَاجِ عَامِلِهِمْ كَانَ الْخَلِيفَةُ الْمُعْتَمِدُ عَلَى اللَّهِ قَدِ اسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَى الْمَوْصِلِ أَسَاتِكِينَ، وَهُوَ مِنْ أَكَابِرِ قُوَّادِ الْأَتْرَاكِ، فَسَيَّرَ إِلَيْهِ ابْنَهُ أَذْكُوتَكِينَ فِي جُمَادَى الْأُولَى سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ وَخَمْسِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ ; فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ النَّيْرُوزِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَهُوَ الثَّالِثَ عَشَرَ مِنْ نِيسَانَ، غَيَّرَهُ الْمُعْتَضِدُ بِاللَّهِ، وَدَعَا أَذْكُوتَكِينَ وَوُجُوهَ أَهْلِ الْمَوْصِلِ إِلَى قُبَّةٍ فِي الْمَيْدَانِ، وَأَحْضَرَ أَنْوَاعَ الْمَلَاهِي، وَأَكْثَرَ الْخَمْرَ، وَشَرِبَ ظَاهِرًا، وَتَجَاهَرَ أَصْحَابُهُ بِالْفُسُوقِ، وَفِعْلِ الْمُنْكَرَاتِ، وَأَسَاءَ السِّيرَةَ فِي النَّاسِ. وَكَانَ تِلْكَ السَّنَةَ بَرْدٌ شَدِيدٌ أَهْلَكَ الْأَشْجَارَ، وَالثِّمَارَ، وَالْحِنْطَةَ، وَالشَّعِيرَ، وَطَالَبَ النَّاسَ بِالْخَرَاجِ عَلَى الْغَلَّاتِ الَّتِي هَلَكَتْ، فَاشْتَدَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَكَانَ لَا يَسْمَعُ بِفَرَسٍ جَيِّدٍ عِنْدَ أَحَدٍ إِلَّا أَخَذَهُ، وَأَهْلُ الْمَوْصِلِ صَابِرُونَ، إِلَى أَنْ وَثَبَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ فَأَخَذَهَا فِي الطَّرِيقِ، فَامْتَنَعَتْ، وَاسْتَغَاثَتْ، فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ اسْمُهُ إِدْرِيسُ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ، وَهُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرْآنِ وَالصَّلَاحِ، فَخَلَّصَهَا مِنْ يَدِهِ، فَعَادَ الْجُنْدِيُّ إِلَى أَذْكُوتَكِينَ فَشَكَا مِنَ الرَّجُلِ، فَأَحْضَرَهُ وَضَرَبَهُ ضَرْبًا شَدِيدًا مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَكْشِفَ الْأَمَرَ، فَاجْتَمَعَ وُجُوهُ أَهْلِ الْمَوْصِلِ إِلَى الْجَامِعِ وَقَالُوا: قَدْ صَبَرْنَا عَلَى أَخْذِ الْأَمْوَالِ، وَشَتْمِ الْأَعْرَاضِ، وَإِبْطَالِ السُّنَنِ وَالْعَسْفِ، وَقَدْ أَفْضَى الْأَمَرُ إِلَى أَخْذِ الْحَرِيمِ، فَأَجْمَعَ رَأْيُهُمْ عَلَى إِخْرَاجِهِ، وَالشَّكْوَى مِنْهُ إِلَى الْخَلِيفَةِ. وَبَلَغَهُ الْخَبَرُ، فَرَكِبَ إِلَيْهِمْ فِي جُنْدِهِ، وَأَخَذَ مَعَهُ النَّفَّاطِينَ، فَخَرَجُوا إِلَيْهِ وَقَاتَلُوهُ قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، حَتَّى أَخْرَجُوهُ عَنِ الْمَوْصِلِ، وَنَهَبُوا دَارَهُ، وَأَصَابَهُ حَجَرٌ فَأَثْخَنَهُ، وَمَضَى يَوْمَهُ إِلَى بَلَدِهِ، وَسَارَ مِنْهَا إِلَى سَامَرَّا. وَاجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ إِلَى يَحْيَى بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ، وَقَلَّدُوهُ أَمْرَهُمْ، فَفَعَلَ، فَبَقِيَ كَذَلِكَ إِلَى أَنِ انْقَضَتْ سَنَةُ سِتِّينَ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ إِحْدَى وَسِتِّينَ [ وَمِائَتَيْنِ ] كَتَبَ أَسْتَاتَكِينُ إِلَى الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ الْمُعَمِّرِ التَّغْلِبِيِّ، ثُمَّ الْعَدَوِيِّ، فِي أَنْ يَتَقَلَّدَ الْمَوْصِلَ، وَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ الْخِلَعَ وَاللِّوَاءَ، وَكَانَ بِدِيَارِ رَبِيعَةَ، فَجَمَعَ جُمُوعًا كَثِيرَةً، وَسَارَ إِلَى الْمَوْصِلِ، وَنَزَلَ بِالْجَانِبِ الشَّرْقِيِّ، وَبَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْبَلَدِ دِجْلَةُ، فَقَاتَلُوهُ، فَعَبَرَ إِلَى الْجَانِبِ الْغَرْبِيِّ وَزَحَفَ إِلَى بَابِ الْبَلَدِ، فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ يَحْيَى بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ فِي أَهْلِ الْمَوْصِلِ، فَقَاتَلُوهُ فَقَتَلَ بَيْنَهُمْ قَتْلَى كَثِيرَةً، وَكَثُرَتِ الْجِرَاحَاتُ وَعَادَ الْهَيْثَمُ عَنْهُمْ. فَاسْتَعْمَلَ أَسَاتِكِينُ عَلَى الْمَوْصِلِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنَ أَيُّوبَ التَّغْلِبِيَّ فِي جَمْعٍ يَبْلُغُونَ عِشْرِينَ أَلْفًا، مِنْهُمْ حَمْدَانُ بْنُ حَمْدُونَ التَّغْلِبِيُّ، وَغَيْرُهُ، فَنَزَلَ عِنْدَ الدَّيْرِ الْأَعْلَى، فَقَاتَلَهُ أَهْلُ الْمَوْصِلِ وَمَنَعُوهُ، فَبَقُوا كَذَلِكَ مُدَّةً، فَمَرِضَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الْأَمِيرُ، فَطَمِعَ إِسْحَاقُ فِي الْبَلَدِ، وَوَصَلَ إِلَى سُوقِ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ، وَأَحْرَقَ سُوقَ الْحَشِيشِ، فَخَرَجَ بَعْضُ الْعُدُولِ، اسْمُهُ زِيَادُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ، وَعَلَّقَ فِي عُنُقِهِ مُصْحَفًا، وَاسْتَغَاثَ بِالْمُسْلِمِينَ فَأَجَابُوهُ، وَعَادُوا إِلَى الْحَرْبِ، وَحَمَلُوا عَلَى إِسْحَاقَ وَأَصْحَابِهِ، وَأَخْرَجُوهُمْ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ. وَبَلَغَ يَحْيَى بْنَ سُلَيْمَانَ الْخَبَرُ فَأَمَرَ فَحُمِلَ فِي مِحَفَّةٍ، وَجُعِلَ أَمَامَ الصَّفِّ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ أَهْلُ الْمَوْصِلِ قَوِيَتْ نُفُوسُهُمْ، وَاشْتَدَّ قِتَالُهُمْ، وَلَمْ يَزَلِ الْأَمَرُ كَذَلِكَ، وَإِسْحَاقُ يُرَاسِلُ أَهْلَ الْمَوْصِلِ، ( وَيَعِدُهُمُ الْأَمَانَ )، وَحُسْنَ السِّيرَةِ، فَأَجَابُوهُ إِلَى أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْبَلَدَ، وَيُقِيمَ بِالرَّبَضِ الْأَعْلَى، فَدَخَلَ وَأَقَامَ سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ. ثُمَّ وَقَعَ بَيْنَ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَبَيْنَ قَوْمٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَوْصِلِ شَرٌّ، فَرَجَعُوا إِلَى الْحَرْبِ، وَأَخْرَجُوهُ عَنْهَا، وَاسْتَقَرَّ يَحْيَى بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ بِالْمَوْصِلِ.
Translation
✧ The sedition in al-Mawṣil and the expulsion of their governor The Caliph al-Muʿtamid ʿalā Allāh had appointed Asātikīn over al-Mawṣil. He was one of the great Turkish commanders. He sent his son Adhkūtakīn there in Jumādā al-Ūlā in the year fifty-nine and two hundred [259 AH]. When it was the day of Nayrūz of this year, which is the thirteenth of Nīsān, al-Muʿtaḍid bi-Allāh changed it, and he invited Adhkūtakīn and the notables of the people of al-Mawṣil to a dome in the maydān. He brought various kinds of musical instruments, provided much wine, and drank openly. His companions openly engaged in debauchery and reprehensible acts, and he treated the people badly. That year there was severe cold that destroyed trees, fruits, wheat, and barley. He demanded the land tax from the people for crops that had perished, and this was hard on them. Whenever he heard of a good horse belonging to anyone, he would seize it. The people of al-Mawṣil endured until a man from his retinue assaulted a woman and seized her in the street. She resisted and cried for help. A man named Idrīs al-Ḥimyarī, who was among the people of the Qurʾān and righteousness, stood up and freed her from his grasp. The soldier returned to Adhkūtakīn and complained about the man. He summoned him and beat him severely without investigating the matter. The notables of the people of al-Mawṣil gathered in the mosque and said: 'We have endured the seizure of our wealth, the defamation of our honor, the abolition of the sunnah, and oppression. Now the matter has reached the seizure of our women.' They resolved to expel him and complain about him to the Caliph. The news reached him, so he rode against them with his troops, taking the naphtha-throwers with him. They came out to meet him and fought him fiercely until they expelled him from al-Mawṣil. They plundered his house. A stone hit him and wounded him severely. He went that day to his town, and from there he traveled to Sāmarrāʾ. The people gathered around Yaḥyā b. Sulaymān and entrusted their affairs to him, and he accepted. This remained the case until the end of the year sixty [260 AH]. When the year sixty-one [and two hundred] [261 AH] began, Asātikīn wrote to al-Haytham b. al-Muʿammar al-Taghlibī, then al-ʿAdawī, instructing him to take charge of al-Mawṣil. He sent him robes of honor and a banner. He was in Diyār Rabīʿa. He gathered many troops and marched to al-Mawṣil. He camped on the eastern side, with the Tigris between him and the town. They fought him. He crossed to the western side and advanced to the gate of the town. Yaḥyā b. Sulaymān came out against him with the people of al-Mawṣil, and they fought him, killing many among them and inflicting many wounds. Al-Haytham withdrew from them. Then Asātikīn appointed Isḥāq b. Ayyūb al-Taghlibī over al-Mawṣil with a force numbering twenty thousand, including Ḥamdān b. Ḥamdūn al-Taghlibī and others. He camped at al-Dayr al-Aʿlā (the Upper Monastery). The people of al-Mawṣil fought him and prevented him. This continued for some time. Then the amīr Yaḥyā b. Sulaymān fell ill. Isḥāq coveted the town. He reached Sūq al-Arbiʿāʾ (the Wednesday Market) and burned Sūq al-Ḥashīsh (the Fodder Market). A witness named Ziyād b. ʿAbd al-Wāḥid came out, hung a muṣḥaf around his neck, and appealed to the Muslims for help. They responded and returned to battle. They charged Isḥāq and his companions and drove them out of the city. The news reached Yaḥyā b. Sulaymān, and he ordered that he be carried in a litter and placed before the ranks. When the people of al-Mawṣil saw him, their spirits strengthened and their fighting intensified. Things remained thus, with Isḥāq corresponding with the people of al-Mawṣil, promising them safety and good conduct. They agreed to let him enter the town and stay in the upper suburb. He entered and stayed for seven days. Then a quarrel broke out between some of his companions and a group of the people of al-Mawṣil. They returned to war and expelled him. Yaḥyā b. Sulaymān remained in control of al-Mawṣil.
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