Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3429
The Year 256 AH
قَتْلِ صَالِحِ بْنِ وَصِيفٍ وَفِي سنة ست وخمسين ومائتين قُتِلَ صَالِحُ بْنُ وَصِيفٍ لِثَمَانٍ بَقِينَ مِنْ صَفَرٍ، وَكَانَ سَبَبُهُ أَنَّ الْمُهْتَدِيَ لَمَّا كَانَ لِثَلَاثٍ بَقِينَ مِنَ الْمُحَرَّمِ أَظْهَرَ كِتَابًا زَعَمَ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً دَفَعَتْهُ إِلَى سِيمَا الشَّرَابِيِّ، وَقَالَتْ: إِنَّ فِيهِ نَصِيحَةً، وَإِنَّ مَنْزِلَهَا بِمَكَانِ كَذَا، فَإِنْ طَلَبُونِي فَأَنَا فِيهِ. وَطُلِبَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ فَلَمْ تُوجَدْ. وَقِيلَ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَدْرِ مَنْ أَلْقَى الْكِتَابَ. وَدَعَا الْمُهْتَدِي الْقُوَّادَ، وَسُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ وَهْبٍ، فَأَرَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ، فَزَعَمَ سُلَيْمَانُ أَنَّهُ خَطُّ صَالِحٍ، فَقَرَأَهُ عَلَى الْقُوَّادِ، فَإِذَا فِيهِ أَنَّهُ مُسْتَخْفٍ بِسَامَرَّا، وَإِنَّمَا اسْتَتَرَّ طَلَبًا لِلسَّلَامَةِ وَإِبْقَاءِ الْمُوَالِي، وَطَلَبًا لِانْقِطَاعِ الْفِتَنِ، وَذَكَرَ مَا صَارَ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ أَمْوَالِ الْكُتَّابِ، وَأُمِّ الْمُعْتَزِّ، وَجِهَةَ خُرُوجِهَا، وَيَدُلُّ فِيهِ عَلَى قُوَّةِ نَفْسِهِ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغُوا مِنْ قِرَاءَتِهِ وَصَلَهُ الْمُهْتَدِي بِالْحَثِّ عَلَى الصُّلْحِ، وَالِاتِّفَاقِ، وَالنَّهْيِ عَنِ التَّبَاغُضِ وَالتَّبَايُنِ، فَاتَّهَمَهُ الْأَتْرَاكُ بِأَنَّهُ يَعْرِفُ مَكَانَ صَالِحٍ وَيَمِيلُ إِلَيْهِ، وَطَالَ الْكَلَامُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ. الاتفاق على خلع الخليفة المهتدي فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْغَدُ اجْتَمِعُوا بِدَارِ مُوسَى بْنِ بُغَا دَاخِلَ الْجَوْسَقِ، وَاتَّفَقُوا عَلَى خَلْعِ الْمُهْتَدِي، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ بَايِكْبَاكُ: إِنَّكُمْ قَتَلْتُمُ ابْنَ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ، وَهُوَ حَسَنُ الْوَجْهِ، سَخِيُّ الْكَفِّ، فَاضِلُ النَّفْسِ، وَتُرِيدُونَ قَتْلَ هَذَا، وَهُوَ مُسْلِمٌ يَصُومُ وَلَا يَشْرَبُ النَّبِيذَ، مِنْ غَيْرِ ذَنْبٍ ! وَاللَّهِ لَئِنْ قَتَلْتُمْ هَذَا لَأَلْحَقَنَّ بِخُرَاسَانَ ( لِأُشِيعَ أَمْرَكُمْ هُنَاكَ ). فَاتَّصَلَ الْخَبَرُ بِالْمُهْتَدِي، فَتَحَوَّلَ مِنْ مَجْلِسِهِ مُتَقَلِّدًا سَيْفًا، وَقَدْ لَبِسَ ثِيَابًا نِظَافًا وَتَطَيَّبَ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِإِدْخَالِهِمْ عَلَيْهِ، فَدَخَلُوا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: بَلَغَنِي مَا أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ، وَلَسْتُ كَمَنْ تَقَدَّمَنِي مِثْلَ الْمُسْتَعِينِ، وَالْمُعْتَزِّ، وَاللَّهِ مَا خَرَجْتُ إِلَيْكُمْ إِلَّا وَأَنَا مُتَحَنِّطٌ، وَقَدْ أَوْصَيْتُ إِلَى أَخِي بِوَلَدِي، وَهَذَا سَيْفِي وَاللَّهِ لَأَضْرِبَنَّ بِهِ مَا اسْتَمْسَكَ قَائِمُهُ بِيَدِي، وَاللَّهِ لَئِنْ سَقَطَ مِنِّي شَعْرَةٌ لِيَهْلِكَنَّ وَلَيَذْهَبَنَّ أَكْثَرُكُمْ. كَمْ هَذَا الْخِلَافُ عَلَى الْخُلَفَاءِ، وَالْإِقْدَامُ، وَالْجُرْأَةُ عَلَى اللَّهِ ! سَوَاءٌ عَلَيْكُمْ مَنْ قَصَدَ الْإِبْقَاءَ عَلَيْكُمْ، وَمَنْ كَانَ إِذَا بَلَغَهُ هَذَا مِنْكُمْ دَعَا بِالنَّبِيذِ فَشَرِبَهُ مَسْرُورًا بِمَكْرُوهِكُمْ، حَتَّى تَعْلَمُوا أَنَّهُ وَصَلَ إِلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْ دُنْيَاكُمْ، أَمَا إِنَّكُمْ لَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ بَعْضَ الْمُتَّصِلِينَ بِكُمْ أَيْسَرُ مِنْ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ أَهْلِي وَوَلَدِي ( سَوْأَةٌ لَكُمْ )، يَقُولُونَ: إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ بِمَكَانِ صَالِحٍ، وَهَلْ هُوَ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمَوَالِي ؟ فَكَيْفَ الْإِقَامَةُ مَعَهُ إِذَا سَاءَ رَأْيُكُمْ فِيهِ ؟ وَإِذَا أَبْرَمْتُمُ الصُّلْحَ فِيهِ كَانَ ( ذَلِكَ مَا أُنْفِذُهُ لِجَمِيعِكُمْ، وَإِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ فَشَأْنَكُمْ، وَاطْلُبُوا صَالِحًا، وَأَمَّا أَنَا فَمَا أَعْلَمُ مَكَانَهُ ). قَالُوا: فَاحْلِفْ لَنَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ ! قَالَ: أَمَّا الْيَمِينُ فَنَعَمْ، وَلَكِنَّهَا تَكُونُ بِحَضْرَةِ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ، وَالْقُضَاةِ غَدًا إِذَا صَلَّيْتُ الْجُمُعَةَ ; ثُمَّ قَالَ لِبَايِكْبَاكَ وَلِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بُغَا: قَدْ حَضَرْتُمَا مَا عَمِلَهُ صَالِحٌ فِي أَمْوَالِ الْكُتَّابِ، وَأُمِّ الْمُعْتَزِّ، فَإِنْ أَخَذَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا فَقَدْ أَخَذْتُمَا مِثْلَهُ، فَأَحْفَظَهُمَا ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ أَرَادُوا خَلْعَهُ، وَإِنَّمَا مَنَعَهُمْ خَوْفُ الِاضْطِرَابِ وَقِلَّةُ الْأَمْوَالِ، فَأَتَاهُمْ مَالٌ مِنْ فَارِسٍ عَشَرَةُ آلَافِ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَخَمْسُمِائَةِ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ سَلْخُ الْمُحَرَّمِ انْتَشَرَ الْخَبَرُ فِي الْعَامَّةِ أَنَّ الْقَوْمَ قَدِ اتَّفَقُوا عَلَى خَلْعِ الْمُهْتَدِي وَالْفَتْكِ بِهِ، وَأَنَّهُمْ قَدْ أَرْهَقُوهُ، وَكَتَبُوا الرِّقَاعَ وَرَمَوْهَا فِي الطُّرُقِ وَالْمَسَاجِدِ، مَكْتُوبٌ فِيهَا: يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ادْعُوا اللَّهَ لِخَلِيفَتِكُمُ الْعَدْلِ، الرِّضَا، الْمُضَاهِي لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، وَأَنْ يَنْصُرَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى عَدُوِّهِ، وَيَكْفِيَهُ مَئُونَةَ ظَالِمِهِ، وَتَتِمَّ النِّعْمَةُ عَلَيْهِ، وَعَلَى هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ بِبَقَائِهِ، فَإِنَّ الْأَتْرَاكَ قَدْ أَخَذُوهُ بِأَنْ يَخْلَعَ نَفْسَهُ، وَهُوَ يُعَذَّبُ مُنْذُ أَيَّامٍ، وَصَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ. تحرك الموالي بالكرخ والدور فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ لِأَرْبَعٍ خَلَوْنَ مِنْ صَفَرٍ تَحَرَّكَ الْمَوَالِي بِالْكَرْخِ وَالدُّورِ، وَبَعَثُوا إِلَى الْمُهْتَدِي، وَسَأَلُوهُ أَنْ يُرْسِلَ إِلَيْهِمْ بَعْضَ إِخْوَتِهِ لِيُحَمِّلُوهُ رِسَالَةً، فَوَجَّهَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَخَاهُ أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ، فَذَكَرُوا لَهُ أَنَّهُمْ سَامِعُونَ مُطِيعُونَ، وَأَنَّهُمْ بَلَغَهُمْ أَنَّ مُوسَى، وَجَمَاعَةً مَعَهُ يُرِيدُونَهُ عَلَى الْخَلْعِ، وَأَنَّهُمْ يَبْذُلُونَ دِمَاءَهُمْ دُونَ ذَلِكَ ( وَمَا هُمْ دُونَ ذَلِكَ )، وَشَكَوْا تَأَخُّرَ أَرْزَاقِهِمْ، وَمَا صَارَ مِنَ الْأَقْطَاعِ، وَالزِّيَادَاتِ، وَالرُّسُومِ إِلَى قُوَّادِهِمُ الَّتِي قَدْ أَجْحَفَتْ بِالْخَرَاجِ وَالضِّيَاعِ، مَا قَدْ أَخَذُوا النِّسَاءَ وَالدُّخَلَاءَ، فَكَتَبُوا بِذَلِكَ كِتَابًا، فَحَمَلَهُ إِلَى الْمُهْتَدِي وَكَتَبَ جَوَابَهُ بِخَطِّهِ: قَدْ فَهِمْتُ كِتَابَكُمْ، وَسَرَّنِي مَا ذَكَرْتُمْ مِنْ طَاعَتِكُمْ، فَأَحْسَنَ اللَّهُ جَزَاءَكُمْ، وَأَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتُمْ مِنْ خَلَّتِكُمْ وَحَاجَتِكُمْ فَعَزِيزٌ عَلَيَّ ذَلِكَ، وَلَوَدِدْتُ وَاللَّهِ أَنَّ صَلَاحَكُمْ يُهَيَّأُ بِأَنْ لَا آكُلَ وَلَا أَشْرَبَ وَلَا أُطْعِمَ وَلَدِي إِلَّا الْقُوتَ، وَلَا أَكْسُوَهُ ) إِلَّا سَتْرَ الْعَوْرَةِ، وَأَنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ مَا صَارَ إِلَيَّ مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ، وَأَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتُمْ مِنَ الْإِقْطَاعَاتِ وَغَيْرِهَا فَأَنَا أَنْظُرُ فِي ذَلِكَ وَأُصَرِّفُهُ إِلَى مَحَبَّتِكُمْ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى. فَقَرَءُوا الْكِتَابَ وَكَتَبُوا، بَعْدَ الدُّعَاءِ، يَسْأَلُونَ أَنْ يَرُدَّ الْأُمُورَ فِي الْخَاصِّ وَالْعَامِّ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، لَا يَعْتَرِضُ عَلَيْهِ مُعْتَرِضٌ، وَأَنْ يَرُدَّ رُسُومَهُمْ إِلَى مَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ أَيَّامَ الْمُسْتَعِينِ، وَهُوَ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَلَى كُلِّ تِسْعَةٍ عَرِيفٌ، وَعَلَى كُلِّ خَمْسِينَ خَلِيفَةٌ، وَعَلَى كُلِّ مِائَةٍ قَائِدٌ، وَأَنْ يُسْقِطَ النِّسَاءَ وَالزِّيَادَاتِ، وَلَا يَدْخُلَ مَوْلًى فِي مَالِهِ وَلَا غَيْرُهُ، وَأَنْ يُوضَعَ لَهُمُ الْعَطَاءُ كُلَّ شَهْرَيْنِ، وَأَنْ تُبْطَلَ الْإِقْطَاعَاتُ، وَذَكَرُوا أَنَّهُمْ سَائِرُونَ إِلَى بَابِهِ لِيَقْضِيَ حَوَائِجَهُمْ، وَإِنْ بَلَغَهُمْ أَنَّ أَحَدًا اعْتَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ أَخَذُوا رَأْسَهُ، وَإِنْ سَقَطَ مِنْ رَأْسِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ شَعْرَةٌ قَتَلُوا بِهَا مُوسَى بْنَ بُغَا وَبَايِكْبَاكَ وَيَاجُورَ وَغَيْرَهُمْ. وَأَرْسَلُوا الْكِتَابَ مَعَ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ، وَتَحَوَّلُوا إِلَى سَامَرَّا، فَاضْطَرَبَ الْقُوَّادُ جِدًّا ; وَقَدْ كَانَ الْمُهْتَدِي قَعَدَ لِلْمَظَالِمِ، وَعِنْدَهُ الْفُقَهَاءُ، وَالْقُضَاةُ، وَقَامَ الْقُوَّادُ فِي مَرَاتِبِهِمْ، فَدَخَلَ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ إِلَيْهِ بِالْكِتَابِ، فَقَرَأَهُ لِلْقُوَّادِ قِرَاءَةً ظَاهِرَةً، وَفِيهِمْ مُوسَى، وَكَتَبَ جَوَابَهُ بِخَطِّهِ، فَأَجَابَهُمْ إِلَى مَا سَأَلُوا، وَدَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ، فَقَالَ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ لِمُوسَى بْنِ بُغَا، وَبَايِكْبَاكَ، وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بُغَا: وَجِّهُوا مَعِي رُسُلًا يَعْتَذِرُونَ إِلَيْهِمْ عَنْكُمْ ; فَوَجَّهُوا مَعَهُ رُسُلًا، فَوَصَلُوا إِلَى الْأَتْرَاكِ، وَهُمْ زُهَاءُ أَلْفِ فَارِسٍ، وَثَلَاثَةُ آلَافِ رَاجِلٍ، وَذَلِكَ لِخَمْسٍ خَلَوْنَ مِنْ صَفَرٍ، فَأَوْصَلَ الْكِتَابَ، وَقَالَ: إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَدْ أَجَابَكُمْ إِلَى مَا سَأَلْتُمْ، وَقَالَ لَهُمْ: هَؤُلَاءِ رُسُلُ الْقُوَّادِ إِلَيْكُمْ، يَعْتَذِرُونَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِنْ كَانَ بَلَغَكُمْ عَنْهُمْ، وَهُمْ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّمَا أَنْتُمْ إِخْوَةٌ، وَأَنْتُمْ مِنَّا وَإِلَيْنَا، وَاعْتَذَرَ عَنْهُمْ. فَكَتَبُوا إِلَى الْمُهْتَدِي يَطْلُبُونَ خَمْسَةَ تَوْقِيعَاتٍ، تَوْقِيعًا بِخَطِّ الزِّيَادَاتِ، وَتَوْقِيعًا بِرَدِّ الْإِقْطَاعَاتِ، وَتَوْقِيعًا بِإِخْرَاجِ الْمَوَالِي الْبَرَّانِيِّينَ مِنَ الْخَاصَّةِ إِلَى الْبَرَّانِيِّينَ، وَتَوْقِيعًا بِرَدِّ الرُّسُومِ إِلَى مَا كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ أَيَّامَ الْمُسْتَعِينِ، وَتَوْقِيعًا بِرَدِّ الْبَلَاجِيِّ، ثُمَّ يَجْعَلُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْجَيْشَ إِلَى أَحَدِ إِخْوَتِهِ، أَوْ غَيْرِهِمْ مِمَّنْ يَرَى لِيَرْفَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ أُمُورَهُمْ، وَلَا يَكُونُ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمَوَالِي، وَأَنْ يُحَاسِبَ صَالِحَ بْنَ وَصِيفٍ، وَمُوسَى بْنَ بُغَا عَمَّا عِنْدَهُمَا مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَيَجْعَلَ لَهُمُ الْعَطَاءَ كُلَّ شَهْرَيْنِ، لَا يُرْضِيهِمْ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ، وَدَفَعُوا الْكِتَابَ إِلَى أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ، وَكَتَبُوا كِتَابًا آخَرَ إِلَى الْقُوَّادِ مُوسَى وَغَيْرِهِ [ ذَكَرُوا فِيهِ ] أَنَّهُمْ كَتَبُوا إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِمَا كَتَبُوا، وَأَنَّهُ لَا يَمْنَعُهُمْ شَيْئًا مِمَّا طَلَبُوا إِلَّا أَنْ يَعْتَرِضُوا عَلَيْهِ، وَأَنَّهُمْ إِنْ فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ لَمْ يُوَافِقُوهُمْ، وَأَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنْ شَاكَهُ شَوْكَةٌ، وَأُخِذَ مِنْ رَأْسِهِ شَعْرَةٌ، أَخَذُوا رُءُوسَهُمْ جَمِيعًا، وَلَا يُقْنِعُهُمْ إِلَّا أَنْ يَظْهَرَ صَالِحٌ، وَيَجْتَمِعَ هُوَ وَمُوسَى بْنُ بُغَا حَتَّى يَنْظُرَ أَيْنَ الْأَمْوَالُ. فَلَمَّا قَرَأَ الْمُهْتَدِي الْكِتَابَ أَمَرَ بِإِنْشَاءِ التَوْقِيعًاتِ الْخَمْسَةِ عَلَى مَا سَأَلُوا، وَسَيَّرَهَا إِلَيْهِمْ مَعَ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ وَقْتَ الْمَغْرِبِ، وَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِإِجَابَتِهِمْ إِلَى مَا طَلَبُوا، وَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ مُوسَى بْنُ بُغَا ( كَذَلِكَ، وَأَذِنَ ) فِي ظُهُورِ صَالَحٍ، وَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ أَخُوهُ وَابْنُ عَمِّهِ، وَأَنَّهُ مَا أَرَادَ مَا يَكْرَهُونَ، فَلَمَّا قَرَءُوا الْكِتَابَيْنِ قَالُوا قَدْ أَمْسَيْنَا، وَغَدًا نُعَرِّفُكُمْ رَأْيَنَا، فَافْتَرَقُوا. فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْغَدُ رَكِبَ مُوسَى مِنْ دَارِ الْخَلِيفَةِ، وَمَعَهُ مِنْ عَسْكَرِهِ أَلْفٌ وَخَمْسُمِائَةِ رَجُلٍ، فَوَقَفَ عَلَى طَرِيقِهِمْ، وَأَتَاهُمْ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ، فَلَمْ يَعْقِلْ مِنْهُمْ جَوَابًا إِلَّا كُلُّ طَائِفَةٍ يَقُولُونَ شَيْئًا، فَلَمَّا طَالَ الْكَلَامُ انْصَرَفَ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ، فَاجْتَازَ بِمُوسَى بْنِ بُغَا وَهُوَ فِي أَصْحَابِهِ، فَانْصَرَفَ مَعَهُ. ثُمَّ أَمَرَ الْمُهْتَدِي مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ بُغَا أَنْ يَسِيرَ إِلَيْهِمْ مَعَ أَخِيهِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ، فَسَارَ فِي خَمْسِمِائَةِ فَارِسٍ، وَرَجَعَ مُوسَى إِلَى مَكَانِهِ بُكْرَةً، وَتَقَدَّمَ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بُغَا فَوَاعَدَاهُمْ عَنِ الْمُهْتَدِي، وَأَعْطَيَاهُمْ تَوْقِيعًا فِيهِ أَمَانُ صَالِحِ بْنِ وَصِيفٍ، مُوَكَّدًا غَايَةَ التَّوْكِيدِ، فَطَلَبُوا أَنْ يَكُونَ مُوسَى فِي مَرْتَبَةِ بُغَا الْكَبِيرِ، وَصَالِحٌ فِي مَرْتَبَةِ أَبِيهِ، وَيَكُونَ الْجَيْشُ ( فِي يَدِ مَنْ ) هُوَ فِي يَدِهِ، وَأَنْ يَظْهَرَ صَالِحُ بْنُ وَصِيفٍ، وَيُوضَعَ لَهُمُ الْعَطَاءُ، ثُمَّ اخْتَلَفُوا، فَقَالَ قَوْمٌ: قَدْ رَضِيَنَا ; وَقَالَ قَوْمٌ: لَمْ نَرْضَ ; فَانْصَرَفَ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بُغَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ، وَتَفَرَّقَ النَّاسُ إِلَى الْكَرْخِ، وَالدُّورِ وَسَامَرَّا. فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْغَدُ رَكِبَ بَنُو وَصِيفٍ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ مَعَهُمْ، وَتَنَادَوْا: السِّلَاحَ، وَنَهَبُوا دَوَابَّ الْعَامَّةِ، وَعَسْكَرُوا بِسَامَرَّا، وَتَعَلَّقُوا بِأَبِي الْقَاسِمِ، وَقَالُوا: نُرِيدُ صَالِحًا ! وَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ الْمُهْتَدِيَ، فَقَالَ لِمُوسَى: يَطْلُبُونَ صَالِحًا مِنِّي كَأَنِّي أَنَا أَخْفَيْتُهُ، إِنْ كَانَ عِنْدَهُمْ فَيَنْبَغِي لَهُمْ أَنْ يُظْهِرُوهُ. ثُمَّ رَكِبَ مُوسَى، وَمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْقُوَّادِ، فَاجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ إِلَيْهِ، فَبَلَغَ عَسْكَرُهُ أَرْبَعَةَ آلَافِ فَارِسٍ، وَعَسْكَرُوا، وَتَفَرَّقَ الْأَتْرَاكُ وَمَنْ مَعَهُمْ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِلْكَرْخِيِّينَ وَلَا لِلدُّورِيِّينَ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ حَرَكَةٌ، العثور على صالح بن وصيف وقتله وَجَدَّ مُوسَى وَمَنْ مَعَهُ فِي طَلَبِ ابْنِ وَصِيفٍ، وَاتَّهَمُوا جَمَاعَةً بِهِ، فَلَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُمْ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ غُلَامًا دَخَلَ دَارًا وَطَلَبَ مَاءً لِيَشْرَبَهُ، فَسَمِعَ قَائِلًا يَقُولُ: أَيُّهَا الْأَمِيرُ تَنَحَّ، فَإِنَّ غُلَامًا يَطْلُبُ مَاءً، فَسَمِعَ الْغُلَامُ الْكَلَامَ، فَجَاءَ إِلَى عَيَّارٍ فَأَخْبَرَهُ، فَأَخَذَ مَعَهُ ثَلَاثَةَ نَفَرٍ، وَجَاءَ إِلَى صَالِحٍ، وَبِيَدِهِ مِرْآةٌ وَمُشْطٌ، وَهُوَ يُسَرِّحُ لِحْيَتَهُ، فَأَخَذَهُ، فَتَضَرَّعَ إِلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: لَا يُمْكِنُنِي تَرْكُكَ وَلَكِنِّي أَمُرُّ بِكَ عَلَى دِيَارِ أَهْلِكَ وَقُوَّادِكَ، وَأَصْحَابِكَ، فَإِنِ اعْتَرَضَكَ مِنْهُمُ اثْنَانِ أَطْلَقْتُكَ. فَأُخْرِجَ حَافِيًا لَيْسَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ شَيْءٌ، وَالْعَامَّةُ تَعْدُو خَلْفَهُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى بِرْذَوْنٍ بِأُكَافٍ، فَأَتَوْا بِهِ نَحْوَ الْجَوْسَقِ، فَضَرَبَهُ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِ مُوسَى عَلَى عَاتِقِهِ، ثُمَّ قَتَلُوهُ، وَأَخَذُوا رَأْسَهُ، وَتَرَكُوا جُثَّتَهُ، وَوَافَوْا بِهِ دَارَ الْمُهْتَدِي قَبْلَ الْمَغْرِبِ، فَقَالُوا لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ: فَقَالَ وَارُوهُ، ثُمَّ حُمِلَ رَأْسُهُ وَطِيفَ بِهِ عَلَى قَنَاةٍ، وَنُودِيَ عَلَيْهِ: هَذَا جَزَاءُ مَنْ قَتَلَ مَوْلَاهُ. وَلَمَّا قُتِلَ أَنْزَلَ مُوسَى رَأْسَ بُغَا الصَّغِيرَ، وَسُلِّمَ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ لِيَدْفِنُوهُ، وَلَمَّا قُتِلَ صَالِحٌ قَالَ السَّلُولِيُّ لِمُوسَى بْنِ بُغَا: أَخَذْتَ وَتَرَكَ مِنْ فِرْعَوْنَ حِينَ طَغَى وَجِئْتَ إِذْ جِئْتَ يَا مُوسَى عَلَى قَدَرِ ثَلَاثَةٌ كُلُّهُمْ بَاغٍ أَخُو حَسَدٍ يَرْمِيكَ بِالظُّلْمِ وَالْعُدْوَانِ عَنْ وَتَرِ وَصِيفٌ فِي الْكَرْخِ مَمْثُولٌ بِهِ وَبُغَا بِالْجِسْرِ مُحْتَرِقٌ بِالنَّارِ وَالشَّرَرِ وَصَالِحُ بْنُ وَصِيفٍ بَعْدَ مُنْعَفِرٍ بِالْحِيرِ جُثَّتُهُ وَالرُّوحُ فِي سَقَرِ
Translation
✧ The Killing of Ṣāliḥ b. Waṣīf In the year two hundred and fifty-six, Ṣāliḥ b. Waṣīf was killed with eight days remaining of Ṣafar. The reason was that al-Muhtadī, when there were three days remaining of al-Muḥarram, produced a letter claiming that a woman had handed it to Sīmā al-Sharābī, saying: "It contains advice, and her house is in such-and-such a place; if they seek me, I shall be there." The woman was sought but not found. It was said that he did not know who had thrown the letter. Al-Muhtadī summoned the commanders and Sulaymān b. Wahb and showed them the letter. Sulaymān claimed that it was the handwriting of Ṣāliḥ. He read it to the commanders. In it was the statement that he was hiding in Sāmarrā, and that he had gone into hiding only to seek safety and to preserve the clients, and to seek the cessation of strife. He mentioned what had come to him of the wealth of the secretaries and of the mother of al-Muʿtazz, and the direction of its expenditure, and in it he indicated the strength of his own resolve. When they had finished reading it, al-Muhtadī followed it up with an exhortation to reconciliation, agreement, and prohibition of mutual hatred and division. The Turks suspected him of knowing the whereabouts of Ṣāliḥ and inclining toward him, and the discussion among them about that grew lengthy. Agreement to Depose the Caliph al-Muhtadī The next day they gathered at the residence of Mūsā b. Bughā inside al-Jawsaq and agreed to depose al-Muhtadī. Bāyakbāk said to them: "You killed the son of al-Mutawakkil, and he was handsome of face, generous of hand, excellent of soul, and you want to kill this one, who is a Muslim who fasts and does not drink nabīdh, without any sin! By God, if you kill this one, I shall surely join Khurāsān to spread word of your affair there." The news reached al-Muhtadī. He moved from his assembly, girded with a sword, having put on clean clothes and perfumed himself. Then he ordered them to be admitted to him. They entered, and he said to them: "I have learned what you are about. I am not like those who preceded me, such as al-Mustaʿīn and al-Muʿtazz. By God, I have not come out to you except that I am embalmed, and I have bequeathed my children to my brother. This is my sword. By God, I shall strike with it as long as its hilt remains in my hand. By God, if a single hair of mine falls, most of you will surely perish. How long this opposition to the caliphs, this boldness, this audacity against God! It is all the same to you whether one aims to preserve you or one who, when he hears of this from you, calls for nabīdh and drinks it, rejoicing in your misfortune, so that you may know that he has attained something of your worldly goods. Indeed, you know that some of those attached to you are wealthier than a group of my own family and children. Shame on you! They say that I know the whereabouts of Ṣāliḥ. Is he anything but a man among the clients? How can I remain with him if your opinion of him turns bad? And if you conclude peace regarding him, that is what I shall carry out for all of you. And if you refuse, then it is your affair; seek Ṣāliḥ. As for me, I do not know his whereabouts." They said: "Swear to us about that!" He said: "As for the oath, yes, but it shall be in the presence of the Banū Hāshim and the judges tomorrow when I pray the Friday prayer." Then he said to Bāyakbāk and Muḥammad b. Bughā: "You two were present at what Ṣāliḥ did with the wealth of the secretaries and the mother of al-Muʿtazz. If he took anything from it, you two took the like of it." That angered them. Then they wanted to depose him, but what prevented them was fear of disturbance and scarcity of funds. Then money came to them from Fārs: ten million dirhams and five hundred thousand dirhams. When it was the last day of al-Muḥarram, the news spread among the common people that the group had agreed to depose al-Muhtadī and assassinate him, and that they had pressed him hard. They wrote notes and threw them in the roads and mosques. Written on them was: "O assembly of Muslims, pray to God for your just caliph, the approved one, who resembles ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb, and that God may aid him against his enemy, and spare him the burden of his oppressor, and complete the blessing upon him and upon this community through his remaining, for the Turks have taken him to force him to abdicate, and he has been tormented for days. And may God bless Muḥammad." Mobilization of the Clients in al-Karkh and al-Dūr On Wednesday, with four days having passed of Ṣafar, the clients in al-Karkh and al-Dūr mobilized. They sent to al-Muhtadī, asking him to send them one of his brothers so that they might convey a message to him. He sent his brother Abū al-Qāsim ʿAbd Allāh to them. They mentioned to him that they were hearers and obedient, and that it had reached them that Mūsā and a group with him wanted him to abdicate, and that they would offer their blood to prevent that. They complained of the delay in their stipends, and what had become of the land grants, increments, and customary allowances to their commanders, which had exhausted the land tax and the estates, and that they had taken women and intruders. They wrote a letter about that, and he carried it to al-Muhtadī. He wrote his reply in his own hand: "I have understood your letter, and what you mentioned of your obedience pleased me. May God grant you the best reward. As for what you mentioned of your need and want, that grieves me. By God, I would wish that your welfare could be secured by my not eating, not drinking, and not feeding my children except bare sustenance, and not clothing them except to cover nakedness. And you know what has come to me of wealth. As for what you mentioned of land grants and other matters, I shall look into that and direct it to your satisfaction, if God Almighty wills." They read the letter and, after the invocation, wrote asking that matters, both private and public, be referred to the Commander of the Faithful, with no one opposing him, and that their customary allowances be restored to what they were in the days of al-Mustaʿīn, namely that over every nine there be an ʿarīf, over every fifty a khalīfa, and over every hundred a qāʾid, and that women and increments be struck off, and that no client enter into his wealth or that of another, and that their stipend be paid every two months, and that land grants be abolished. They mentioned that they were marching to his gate so that he might fulfill their needs, and that if they learned that anyone opposed him, they would take his head, and that if a single hair fell from the head of the Commander of the Faithful, they would kill Mūsā b. Bughā, Bāyakbāk, Yājūr, and others. They sent the letter with Abū al-Qāsim, and they moved to Sāmarrā. The commanders were greatly agitated. Al-Muhtadī had sat for the redress of grievances, with the jurists and judges present, and the commanders stood in their ranks. Abū al-Qāsim entered to him with the letter, and he read it aloud to the commanders, among them Mūsā, and wrote his reply in his own hand. He granted them what they asked, and handed it to Abū al-Qāsim. Abū al-Qāsim said to Mūsā b. Bughā, Bāyakbāk, and Muḥammad b. Bughā: "Send with me envoys to apologize to them on your behalf." So they sent envoys with him. They reached the Turks, who were about a thousand horsemen and three thousand foot soldiers. That was with five days having passed of Ṣafar. He delivered the letter and said: "The Commander of the Faithful has granted what you asked." He said to them: "These are envoys of the commanders to you, apologizing for anything that may have reached you about them. They say: You are brothers, and you are from us and to us." He apologized on their behalf. They wrote to al-Muhtadī requesting five rescripts: a rescript concerning the increments, a rescript restoring the land grants, a rescript expelling the outsider clients from the special corps to the outsider forces, a rescript restoring the customary allowances to what they had been in the days of al-Mustaʿīn, and a rescript restoring the balājī. Then the Commander of the Faithful should assign the army to one of his brothers or to others whom he sees fit, so that he might bring their affairs before them, and that it not be a man from among the clients, and that Ṣāliḥ b. Waṣīf and Mūsā b. Bughā be brought to account for the wealth in their possession, and that stipends be paid to them every two months. Nothing less would satisfy them. They handed the letter to Abū al-Qāsim, and wrote another letter to the commanders, Mūsā and others, in which they stated that they had written to the Commander of the Faithful what they had written, and that nothing prevented him from granting what they requested except that they should oppose him, and that if they did so, they would not agree with them, and that if the Commander of the Faithful were pricked by a thorn or a hair were taken from his head, they would take all their heads, and that nothing would satisfy them except that Ṣāliḥ appear, and he and Mūsā b. Bughā come together so that it might be seen where the wealth was. When al-Muhtadī read the letter, he ordered the drafting of the five rescripts as they requested, and sent them with Abū al-Qāsim at sunset. He wrote to them granting their requests. Mūsā b. Bughā wrote to them likewise, and permitted the appearance of Ṣāliḥ, and mentioned that he was his brother and his paternal cousin, and that he had not intended what they disliked. When they read the two letters, they said: "Evening has come upon us; tomorrow we shall inform you of our opinion." So they dispersed. The next day Mūsā rode from the caliph's residence with a thousand five hundred men of his army, and stood on their route. Abū al-Qāsim came to them, but he received no coherent answer from them, except that each faction said something different. When the talk grew long, Abū al-Qāsim departed, passing by Mūsā b. Bughā, who was among his companions, and went away with him. Then al-Muhtadī ordered Muḥammad b. Bughā to go to them with his brother Abū al-Qāsim. He went with five hundred horsemen. Mūsā returned to his place early in the morning. Abū al-Qāsim and Muḥammad b. Bughā advanced, and made promises to them on behalf of al-Muhtadī, and gave them a rescript containing a guarantee of safety for Ṣāliḥ b. Waṣīf, emphasized to the utmost. They requested that Mūsā be in the rank of Bughā the Elder, and Ṣāliḥ in the rank of his father, and that the army remain in the hands of whom it was, and that Ṣāliḥ b. Waṣīf appear, and that stipends be paid to them. Then they disagreed. Some said: "We are satisfied." Others said: "We are not satisfied." So Abū al-Qāsim and Muḥammad b. Bughā departed, and the people dispersed to al-Karkh, al-Dūr, and Sāmarrā. The next day the Banū Waṣīf rode with a group accompanying them, calling out: "To arms!" They plundered the mounts of the common people and encamped at Sāmarrā. They clung to Abū al-Qāsim and said: "We want Ṣāliḥ!" That reached al-Muhtadī, and he said to Mūsā: "They demand Ṣāliḥ from me, as if I had hidden him. If he is with them, then they ought to bring him out." Then Mūsā rode with the commanders who were with him, and the people gathered to him, until his army reached four thousand horsemen. They encamped. The Turks and those with them dispersed. On that day the people of al-Karkh and al-Dūr made no movement. The Finding of Ṣāliḥ b. Waṣīf and His Killing Mūsā and those with him made diligent search for Ibn Waṣīf, and suspected a group regarding him, but he was not with them. Then a servant entered a house and asked for water to drink. He heard someone saying: "O emir, move aside, for a servant is asking for water." The servant heard the words, so he went to a scout and informed him. He took three men with him and came to Ṣāliḥ, who had a mirror and a comb in his hand, combing his beard. He seized him. Ṣāliḥ entreated him, but he said: "I cannot leave you, but I shall pass with you by the houses of your family, your commanders, and your companions. If two of them stand in your way, I shall release you." He was brought out barefoot, with nothing on his head, and the common people ran behind him, while he was on a hack with a packsaddle. They brought him toward al-Jawsaq. One of Mūsā's companions struck him on the shoulder, then they killed him, took his head, and left his body. They brought it to al-Muhtadī's residence before sunset. They told him about it. He said: "Bury him." Then his head was carried and paraded on a lance, and it was proclaimed: "This is the reward of one who kills his master." When he was killed, Mūsā took down the head of Bughā the Younger and handed it to his family to bury. When Ṣāliḥ was killed, al-Salūlī said to Mūsā b. Bughā: You took, while the like of Pharaoh, when he tyrannized, did not take, And you came, when you came, O Mūsā, at a destined time. Three, all of them transgressors, brothers in envy, Cast at you injustice and aggression from a grudge. Waṣīf in al-Karkh, made an example of with him, and Bughā On the bridge, burning with fire and sparks. And Ṣāliḥ b. Waṣīf, after being rolled in dust, At al-Ḥīr lies his corpse, while his soul is in Saqar.
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