Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3347
The Year 238 AH
ثُمَّ دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ ثَمَانٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ ذِكْرُ مَا فَعَلَهُ بُغَا بِتَفْلِيسَ قَدْ ذَكَرْنَا مَسِيرَ بُغَا إِلَى تَفْلِيسَ، وَمُحَاصَرَتَهَا، وَكَانَ بُغَا لَمَّا سَارَ إِلَيْهَا وَجَّهَ زِيرِكَ التُّرْكِيَّ، فَجَازَ نَهْرَ الْكَرِّ، وَهُوَ نَهْرٌ كَبِيرٌ، وَمَدِينَةُ تَفْلِيسَ عَلَى حَافَّتِهِ، وَ صغدبيلُ عَلَى جَانِبِهِ الشَّرْقِيِّ، فَلَمَّا عَبَرَ النَّهْرَ نَزَلَ بِمَيْدَانِ تَفْلِيسَ، وَوَجَّهَ بُغَا أَيْضًا أَبَا الْعَبَّاسِ الْوَارِثِيَّ النَّصْرَانِيَّ إِلَى أَهْلِ أَرْمِينِيَّةَ عَرَبِهَا وَعَجَمِهَا، فَأَتَى تَفْلِيسَ مِمَّا يَلِي بَابَ الْمُرَصَّفِ، فَخَرَجَ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ مَوْلَى بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ مِنْ تَفْلِيسَ إِلَى زِيرِكَ، فَقَابَلَهُ عِنْدَ الْمَيْدَانِ، وَوَقَفَ بُغَا عَلَى تَلٍّ مُشْرِفٍ يَنْظُرُ مَا يَصْنَعُ زِيرِكُ وَأَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ، فَدَعَا بُغَا النَّفَّاطِينَ، فَضَرَبُوا الْمَدِينَةَ بِالنَّارِ، فَأَحْرَقُوهَا وَهِيَ مِنْ خَشَبِ الصَّنَوْبَرِ. وَأَقْبَلَ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، فَرَأَى النَّارَ قَدْ أَحْرَقَتْ قَصْرَهُ وَجَوَارِيَهُ وَأَحَاطَتْ بِهِ، فَأَتَاهُ الْأَتْرَاكُ، وَالْمَغَارِبَةُ، فَأَخَذُوهُ أَسِيرًا، وَأَخَذُوا ابْنَهُ عَمْرًا، فَأَتَوْا بِهِمَا بُغَا، فَأَمَرَ بِإِسْحَاقَ فَضُرِبَتْ عُنُقُهُ، وَصُلِبَتْ جُثَّتُهُ عَلَى نَهْرِ الْكَرِّ، وَكَانَ شَيْخًا مَحْدُورًا، ضَخْمَ الرَّأْسِ، أَحْوَلَ، وَاحْتَرَقَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ نَحْوُ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ إِنْسَانٍ، وَأَسَرُوا مَنْ سَلِمَ مِنَ النَّارِ، وَسَلَبُوا الْمَوْتَى. وَأَخَذَ أَهْلُ إِسْحَاقَ مَا سَلِمَ مِنْ مَالِهِ بصغدبيلَ وَهِيَ مَدِينَةٌ حَصِينَةٌ حِذَاءَ تَفْلِيسَ بَنَاهَا كِسْرَى أَنُوشُروَانَ، وَحَصَّنَهَا إِسْحَاقُ، وَجَعَلَ أَمْوَالَهُ فِيهَا مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ ابْنَةِ صَاحِبِ السَّرِيرِ. ثُمَّ إِنَّ بُغَا وَجَّهَ زِيرِكَ إِلَى قَلْعَةِ الحرزمان، وَهِيَ بَيْنَ بَرْذَعَةَ وَتَفْلِيسَ، فِي جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ جُنْدِهِ، فَفَتَحَهَا، وَأَخَذَ بِطَرِيقِهَا أَسِيرًا، ثُمَّ سَارَ بُغَا إِلَى عِيسَى بْنِ يُوسُفَ، وَهُوَ فِي قَلْعَةِ كُبَيْشٍ، فِي كُورَةِ الْبَلْقَانَ، فَفَتَحَهَا وَأَخَذَهُ فَحَمَلَهُ، وَحَمَلَ مَعَهُ أَبَا الْعَبَّاسِ الْوَارِثِيَّ، وَاسْمُهُ سِنْبَاطُ بْنُ أَشُوطَ، ( وَحَمَلَ ) مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَنْبَاطَ بِطَرِيقِ أَرَانَ. ذِكْرُ مَسِيرِ الرُّومِ إِلَى دِيَارِ مِصْرَ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ دِمْيَاطَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ جَاءَ ثَلَاثُمِائَةِ مَرْكَبٍ لِلرُّومِ مَعَ ثَلَاثَةِ رُؤَسَاءَ، فَأَنَاخَ أَحَدُهُمْ فِي مِائَةِ مَرْكَبٍ بِدِمْيَاطَ، وَبَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ الشَّطِّ شَبِيهُ الْبُحَيْرَةِ، يَكُونُ مَاؤُهَا إِلَى صَدْرِ الرَّجُلِ، فَمَنْ جَازَهَا إِلَى الْأَرْضِ أَمِنَ مِنْ مَرَاكِبِ الْبَحْرِ، فَجَازَهُ قَوْمٌ فَسَلِمُوا، وَغَرِقَ كَثِيرٌ مِنْ نِسَاءٍ وَصِبْيَانٍ، وَمَنْ كَانَ بِهِ قُوَّةٌ سَارَ إِلَى مِصْرَ. وَكَانَ عَلَى مَعُونَةِ مِصْرَ عَنْبَسَةُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الضَّبِّيُّ، فَلَمَّا حَضَرَ الْعِيدُ أَمَرَ الْجُنْدَ الَّذِينَ بِدِمْيَاطَ أَنْ يَحْضُرُوا مِصْرَ، فَسَارُوا مِنْهَا، فَاتَّفَقَ وَصُولُ الرُّومِ وَهِيَ فَارِغَةٌ مِنَ الْجُنْدِ فَنَهَبُوا، وَأَحْرَقُوا، ( وَسَبَوْا، وَأَحْرَقُوا جَامِعَهَا، وَأَخَذُوا مَا بِهَا مِنْ سِلَاحٍ وَمَتَاعٍ، وَقَنْدٍ، وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ )، وَسَبَوْا مِنَ النِّسَاءِ الْمُسْلِمَاتِ وَالذِّمِّيَّاتِ نَحْوَ سِتَّمِائَةِ امْرَأَةٍ، وَأَوْقَرُوا سُفُنَهُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ. وَكَانَ عَنْبَسَةُ قَدْ حَبَسَ بُسْرَ بْنَ الْأَكْشَفِ بِدِمْيَاطَ، فَكَسَرَ قَيْدَهُ، وَخَرَجَ يُقَاتِلُهُمْ، وَتَبِعَهُ جَمَاعَةٌ، ( وَقَتَلَ مِنَ الرُّومِ جَمَاعَةً ). وَسَارَتِ الرُّومُ إِلَى أُشْتُومَ تِنِّيسِ، وَكَانَ عَلَيْهِ سُورٌ وَبَابَانِ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ قَدْ عَمِلَهُ الْمُعْتَصِمُ، فَنَهَبُوا مَا فِيهِ مِنْ سِلَاحٍ، وَأَخَذُوا الْبَابَيْنِ، وَرَجَعُوا وَلَمْ يَعْرِضْ لَهُمْ أَحَدٌ. ذِكْرُ وَفَاةِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ وَوِلَايَةِ ابْنِهِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَفِيهَا تُوُفِّيَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ هِشَامِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ هِشَامٍ الْأُمَوِيُّ، صَاحِبُ الْأَنْدَلُسِ، فِي رَبِيعٍ الْآخِرِ، وَكَانَ مَوْلِدُهُ سَنَةَ سِتٍّ وَسَبْعِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، وَوِلَايَتُهُ إِحْدَى وَثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً وَثَلَاثَةَ أَشْهُرٍ. وَكَانَ أَسْمَرَ طَوِيلًا، أَقْنَى، أَعْيَنَ، عَظِيمَ اللِّحْيَةِ، مُخَضَّبًا بِالْحِنَّاءِ، وَخَلَّفَ خَمْسَةً وَأَرْبَعِينَ وَلَدًا ذُكُورًا. وَكَانَ أَدِيبًا، شَاعِرًا، وَهُوَ مَعْدُودٌ فِي جُمْلَةِ مَنْ عَشِقَ جَوَارِيَهُ، وَكَانَ يَعْشَقُ جَارِيَةً لَهُ اسْمُهَا طَرُوبٌ، وَشُهِرَ بِهَا، وَكَانَ عَالِمًا بِعُلُومِ الشَّرِيعَةِ وَغَيْرِهَا مِنْ عُلُومِ الْفَلَاسِفَةِ وَغَيْرِهِمْ، وَكَانَتْ أَيَّامُهُ أَيَّامَ عَافِيَةٍ وَسُكُونٍ، وَكَثُرَتِ الْأَمْوَالُ عِنْدَهُ، وَكَانَ بَعِيدَ الْهِمَّةِ، وَاخْتَرَعَ قُصُورًا، وَمُتَنَزَّهَاتٍ كَثِيرَةً، وَبَنَى الطُّرُقَ، وَزَادَ فِي الْجَامِعِ بِقُرْطُبَةَ رِوَاقَيْنِ، وَتُوُفِّيَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَسْتَتِمَّ زَخْرَفَتَهُ، وَأَتَمَّهُ ابْنُهُ، وَبَنَى جَوَامِعَ كَثِيرَةً بِالْأَنْدَلُسِ. وَلَمَّا مَاتَ مَلَكَ ابْنَهُ مُحَمَّدٌ، فَجَرَى عَلَى سِيرَةِ وَالِدِهِ فِي الْعَدْلِ، وَأَتَمَّ بِنَاءَ الْجَامِعِ بِقُرْطُبَةَ، ( وَأَمُّهُ تُسَمَّى بُهْتُرَ )، وَوُلِدَ لَهُ مِائَةُ وَلَدٍ كُلُّهُمْ ذُكُورٌ، وَهُوَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَقَامَ أُبَّهَةَ الْمُلْكِ بِالْأَنْدَلُسِ، وَرَتَّبَ رُسُومَ الْمَمْلَكَةِ، وَعَلَا عَنِ التَّبَذُّلِ لِلْعَامَّةِ، فَكَانَ يُشَبَّهُ بِالْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ فِي أُبَّهَةِ الْمُلْكِ، وَهُوَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ جَلَبَ الْمَاءَ الْعَذْبَ إِلَى قُرْطُبَةَ، وَأَدْخَلَهُ إِلَيْهِ، وَجَعَلَ لِفَضْلِ الْمَاءِ مَصْنَعًا كَبِيرًا يَرِدُهُ النَّاسُ. ذِكْرُ عِدَّةِ حَوَادِثَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ سَارَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ نَحْوَ الْمَدَائِنِ ، فَدَخَلَ بَغْدَادَ، وَسَارَ مِنْهَا إِلَى الْمَدَائِنِ. وَغَزَا الصَّائِفَةَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْأَرْمَنِيُّ. وَحَجَّ بِالنَّاسِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ.
Translation
✧ Then the year 238 AH began. Mention of what Bughā did at Tiflīs We have already mentioned Bughā's march to Tiflīs and his siege of it. When Bughā marched to it, he dispatched Zīrīk al-Turkī, who crossed the river al-Kurr – a large river, with the city of Tiflīs on its bank and Ṣughdabīl on its eastern side. When he crossed the river, he encamped in the maydān of Tiflīs. Bughā also dispatched Abū al-ʿAbbās al-Wārithī the Christian to the people of Armenia, Arabs and non-Arabs alike, and he came to Tiflīs from the direction of Bāb al-Muraṣṣaf. Isḥāq b. Ismāʿīl, the mawlā of Banū Umayya, came out from Tiflīs against Zīrīk and met him at the maydān. Bughā stood on a hill overlooking them, watching what Zīrīk and Abū al-ʿAbbās would do. Bughā summoned the naphtha-throwers, and they struck the city with fire, burning it, and it was built of pine wood. Isḥāq b. Ismāʿīl returned to the city and saw that the fire had burned his palace and his slave women and surrounded him. The Turks and Maghāriba came to him and took him prisoner, and they took his son ʿAmr. They brought them both to Bughā. He ordered Isḥāq to be beheaded, and his body was crucified on the river al-Kurr. He was an old man, heavy-bodied, with a large head and crossed eyes. About fifty thousand people were burned in the city, and those who escaped the fire were taken captive, and the dead were despoiled. The people of Isḥāq took what remained of his wealth to Ṣughdabīl, a fortified city opposite Tiflīs, which Kisrā Anūshirwān built and Isḥāq had fortified, and he placed his wealth in it together with his wife, the daughter of the ruler of al-Sarīr. Then Bughā dispatched Zīrīk to the fortress of al-Ḥarzamān, which lies between Bardhaʿa and Tiflīs, with a group of his troops. He conquered it and took a prisoner on its road. Then Bughā marched against ʿĪsā b. Yūsuf, who was in the fortress of Kubaysh in the district of al-Balqān. He conquered it and captured him, and carried him off. He also carried off with him Abū al-ʿAbbās al-Wārithī, whose name was Sinbāṭ b. Ashūṭ, and Muʿāwiya b. Sahl b. Sinbāṭ by way of Arrān. Mention of the Byzantine expedition to the lands of Egypt from the direction of Dimyāṭ In this year, three hundred ships of the Byzantines came with three commanders. One of them landed with one hundred ships at Dimyāṭ. Between it and the shore there is something like a small lake, whose water reaches a man's chest. Whoever crosses it to the land is safe from the sea ships. A group crossed and were saved, but many women and children drowned, and those who had strength went to Miṣr. The governor of the shurṭa of Miṣr was ʿAnbasa b. Isḥāq al-Ḍabbī. When the festival approached, he ordered the troops who were at Dimyāṭ to come to Miṣr. They departed from it, and it happened that the Byzantines arrived while it was empty of troops. They plundered and burned, and took captives, and burned its congregational mosque, and took what was in it of weapons, goods, sugar, and other things. They captured about six hundred Muslim and dhimmi women, and loaded their ships with that. ʿAnbasa had imprisoned Busr b. al-Akshaf at Dimyāṭ. He broke his shackles and went out to fight them, and a group followed him, and he killed a number of the Byzantines. The Byzantines marched to Ushtūm Tinnīs, which had a wall and two iron gates made by al-Muʿtaṣim. They plundered what was in it of weapons, took the two gates, and returned, and no one confronted them. Mention of the death of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. al-Ḥakam and the accession of his son Muḥammad In this year, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. al-Ḥakam b. Hishām b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Muʿāwiya b. Hishām al-Umawī, ruler of al-Andalus, died in Rabīʿ al-Ākhir. He was born in the year 176 AH, and his reign lasted thirty-one years and three months. He was dark-skinned, tall, with an aquiline nose, wide-eyed, a great beard dyed with henna. He left forty-five male children. He was a man of letters and a poet, counted among those who fell in love with their slave women. He loved a slave woman of his named Ṭarūb and became famous for it. He was learned in the religious sciences and other sciences of the philosophers and others. His days were days of well-being and tranquility, and wealth abounded with him. He was of lofty ambition and devised many palaces and pleasure grounds, built roads, and added two porticos to the congregational mosque of Cordoba. He died before completing its ornamentation, and his son completed it. He built many congregational mosques in al-Andalus. When he died, his son Muḥammad became king, and he followed his father's path in justice. He completed the construction of the congregational mosque of Cordoba. His mother was called Buhtura. One hundred children, all males, were born to him. He was the first to establish the pomp of kingship in al-Andalus and to arrange the protocols of the realm, and he held himself aloof from mixing with the common people. He was compared to al-Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik in the pomp of kingship. He was the first to bring fresh water to Cordoba and conduct it into it, and he made for the surplus water a great cistern to which the people came. Mention of several events In this year, al-Mutawakkil marched toward al-Madāʾin, entered Baghdad, and proceeded from it to al-Madāʾin. The summer expedition was led by ʿAlī b. Yaḥyā al-Armanī. The pilgrimage for the people in this year was led by ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā b. Jaʿfar.
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