Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3346
The Year 237 AH
ذِكْرُ مَنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ مِنَ الْأَكَابِرِ حَاتِمٌ الْأَصَمُّ حَاتِمٌ الْأَصَمُّ، وَهُوَ: حَاتِمُ بْنُ عُنْوَانٍ. وَقِيلَ: حَاتِمُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْبَلْخِيُّ. وَهُوَ مَوْلَى الْمُثَنَّى بْنِ يَحْيَى الْمُحَارِبِيِّ. أَسْنَدَ الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ شَقِيقِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَشَدَّادِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ، وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمِقْدَامِ، وَرَجَاءِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّاغَانِيِّ. رَوَى عَنْهُ: حَمْدَانُ بْنُ ذِي النُّونِ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ فَارِسَ الْبَلْخِيَّانِ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُكْرِمٍ الصَّفَّارُ. فَأُمًّا تَسْمِيَةُ الْأَصَمِّ: يَقُولُ أَبَا عَلِيٍّ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ الدَّقَّاقَ: جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ فَسَأَلَتْ حَاتِمًا عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ، فَاتَّفَقَ أَنْ خَرَجَ مِنْهَا رِيحٌ لَهَا صَوْتٌ فَخَجِلَتْ، فَقَالَ لَهَا حَاتِمٌ: ارْفَعِي مِنْ صَوْتِكِ، فَأَرَى مِنْ نَفْسِهِ أَنَّهُ أَصَمُّ، فَسُرَّتِ الْمَرْأَةُ بِذَلِكَ وَقَالَتْ: إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَسْمَعِ الصَّوْتَ، فَغَلَبَ عَلَيْهِ الْأَصَمُّ. وَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْخَوَّاصُ - وَكَانَ مِنْ [عِلْيَةِ ] أَصْحَابِ حَاتِمٍ - قَالَ: لَمَّا دَخَلَ حَاتِمٌ بَغْدَادَ اجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ أَهْلُهَا فَقَالُوا لَهُ: أَنْتَ رَجُلٌ أَعْجَمِيٌّ، لَيْسَ يُكَلِّمُكَ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا قَطَعْتُهُ لِأَيِّ مَعْنًى ؟ قَالَ حَاتِمٌ: مَعِي ثَلَاثُ خِصَالٍ، أَظْهَرُ بِهَا عَلَى خَصْمِي، قَالُوا: مَا هِيَ ؟ قَالَ: أَفْرَحُ إِذَا أَصَابَ خَصْمِي، وَأَحْزَنَ إِذَا أَخْطَأَ، وَأَحْفَظُ نَفْسِي لِأَتَجَاهَلَ عَلَيْهِ، فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ حَنْبَلٍ فَقَالَ: سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ مَا كَانَ أَعْقَلَهُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ. وَعَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْمُوَفَّقِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ حَاتِمًا الْأَصَمَّ يَقُولُ: لَقِينَا التُّرْكَ، وَكَانَ بَيْنَنَا جَوْلَةٌ، فَرَمَانِي تُرْكِيٌّ بِوَهْقٍ فَقَلَبَنِي عَنْ فَرَسِي، وَنَزَلَ عَنْ دَابَّتِهِ فَقَعَدَ عَلَى صَدْرِي، وَأَخَذَ بِلِحْيَتِي هَذِهِ الْوَافِرَةِ، وَأَخْرَجَ مِنْ خُفِّهِ سِكِّينًا لِيَذْبَحَنِي [بِهِ ]، فَوَ حَقِّ سَيِّدِي مَا كَانَ قَلْبِي عِنْدَهُ أَوَّلًا عِنْدَ سِكِّينِهِ، إِنَّمَا كَانَ قَلْبِي عِنْدَ سَيِّدِي، أَنْظُرُ مَاذَا يَنْزِلُ بِهِ الْقَضَاءُ [مِنْهُ ] ! فَقُلْتُ: يَا سَيِّدِي، إِنْ قَضَيْتَ عَلَى أَنْ يَذْبَحَنِي هَذَا فَعَلَى الرَّأْسِ وَالْعَيْنِ، إِنَّمَا أَنَا لَكَ وَمِلْكُكَ، فَبَيْنَا أَنَا أُخَاطِبُ سَيِّدِي وَهُوَ قَاعِدٌ عَلَى صَدْرِي آخِذٌ بِلِحْيَتِي لِيَذْبَحنِي، إِذْ رَمَاهُ بَعْضُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ [بِسَهْمٍ ] فَمَا أَخْطَأَ حَلْقَهُ، فَسَقَطَ عَنِّي، فَقُمْتُ أَنَا إِلَيْهِ فَأَخَذْتُ السِّكِّينَ مِنْ يَدِهِ فَذَبَحْتُهُ ! فَمَا هُوَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ قُلُوبُكُمْ عِنْدَ السَّيِّدِ حَتَّى تَرَوْا مِنْ عَجَائِبِ لُطْفِهِ مَا لَمْ تَرَوْا مِنَ الْآبَاءِ وَالْأُمَّهَاتِ. وَقَالَ سَعْدُونُ الرَّازِيُّ: كُنْتُ مَعَ حَاتِمٍ وَكَانَ يَتَكَلَّمُ، فَقَلَّ كَلَامُهُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ: قَدْ كُنْتَ تَتَكَلَّمُ فَيَنْتَفِعُ بِكَ النَّاسُ ؟ قَالَ: إِنِّي لَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَتَكَلَّمَ بِكَلِمَةٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَسْتَعِدَّ جَوَابَهَا لِلَّهِ، فَإِذَا قَالَ اللَّهُ [تَعَالَى لِي ] يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ: لِمَ قُلْتَ كَذَا ؟ قُلْتُ: يَا رَبِّ لِكَذَا. تُوُفِّيَ حَاتِمٌ الْأَصَمُّ [عَلَى جَبَلِ وَاشَجَرْدَ ] فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. حَيَّانُ بْنُ بِشْرِ بْنِ الْمُخَارِقِ الْأَسَدِيُّ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ حَيَّانُ بْنُ بِشْرِ بْنِ الْمُخَارِقِ الْأَسَدِيُّ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ . سَمِعَ هُشَيْمَ بْنَ بَشِيرٍ، وَأَبَا يُوسُفَ الْقَاضِيَ، وَأَبَا مُعَاوِيَةَ وَغَيْرَهُمْ. رَوَى عَنْهُ: أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْبَغَوِيُّ، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الرَّأْيِ، قَدْ وَلِيَ الْقَضَاءَ بِأَصْبَهَانَ فِي أَيَّامِ الْمَأْمُونِ، ثُمَّ عَادَ إِلَى بَغْدَادَ، فَأَقَامَ بِهَا إِلَى أَنْ وَلَّاهُ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ قَضَاءَ الشَّرْقِيَّةِ. وَكَانَ حَيَّانُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ قَدْ وَلِيَ قَضَاءَ بَغْدَادَ، وَقَضَاءَ أَصْبَهَانَ، وَكَانَ مِنْ جُلَّةِ أَصْحَابِ الْحَدِيثِ، فَرَوَى يَوْمًا أَنْ عَرْفَجَةَ قَطَعَ أَنْفَهُ يَوْمَ الْكِلَابِ، وَكَانَ مُسْتَمْلِيهِ رَجُلًا يُقَالُ لَهُ: كَجَّةُ، فَقَالَ: أَيُّهَا الْقَاضِي، إِنَّمَا هُوَ يَوْمُ الْكِلَابِ، فَأَمَرَ بِحَبْسِهِ، فَدَخَلَ النَّاسُ إِلَيْهِ، وَقَالُوا: مَا دَهَاكَ ؟ فَقَالَ: قُطِعَ أَنْفُ عُرْفُجَةَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، وَامْتُحِنْتُ أَنَا بِهِ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ. تُوُفِّيَ حَيَّانُ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَقِيلَ: سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ. عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُطِيعِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ الْبَكْرِيُّ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُطِيعِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ الْبَكْرِيُّ . سَمِعَ هُشَيْمًا، وَابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ. رَوَى عَنْهُ: الْبَغَوِيُّ، وَكَانَ ثِقَةً. تُوُفِّيَ فِي ذِي الْحِجَّةِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. أَبُو يَحْيَى الْبَاهِلِيُّ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِالنَّرْسِيِّ عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، أَبُو يَحْيَى الْبَاهِلِيُّ، الْمَعْرُوفُ بِالنَّرْسِيِّ . وَنَرْسٌ لَقَبٌ لِجَدِّهِ، لَقَّبَتْهُ النَّبَطُ، وَكَانَ اسْمُهُ نَصْرًا فَقَالُوا: نَرْسٌ. سَكَنَ [عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى ] بَغْدَادَ، وَحَدَّثَ بِهَا عَنْ مَالِكٍ، وَالْحَمَّادَيْنِ. رَوَى عَنْهُ: الْبُخَارِيُّ، وَمُسْلِمٌ فِي صَحِيحَيْهِمَا. وَقَالَ عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى بْنُ حَمَّادٍ قَدِمْتُ عَلَى الْمُتَوَكِّلِ بِسَامُرَّاءَ، فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمًا فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا يَحْيَى، قَدْ كُنَّا هَمَمْنَا لَكَ بِأَمْرٍ، فَتَدَافَعَتِ الْأَيَّامُ [بِهِ ]، فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، سَمِعْتُ مُسْلِمَ بْنَ خَالِدٍ الزِّنْجِيَّ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ يَقُولُ: مَنْ لَمْ [يَشْكُرِ ] الْهِمَّةَ لَمْ يَشْكُرِ النِّعْمَةَ، فَأَنْشَدْتُهُ: لَأَشْكُرَنَّكَ مَعْرُوفًا هَمَمْتُ بِهِ إِنَّ اهْتِمَامَكَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ مَعْرُوفُ وَلَا أَذُمُّكَ إِنْ لَمْ يُمْضِهِ قَدَرٌ فَالشَّيْءُ بِالْقَدَرِ الْمَحْتُومِ مَعْرُوفُ فَجَذَبَ الدَّوَاةَ فَكَتَبَهَا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: يُنْجِزُ لِأَبِي يَحْيَى مَا كُنَّا هَمَمْنَا لَهُ بِهِ وَهُوَ كَذَا وَكَذَا، وَيَضْعُفُ لِخَبَرِهِ هَذَا. تُوُفِّيَ عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى بِالْبَصْرَةِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. 1410 - مَعْمَرُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، أَبُو مُسْلِمٍ الْإِفْرِيقِيُّ الْكِنْدِيُّ . قَاضِي الْمَغْرِبِ، وَلَهُ كُتُبٌ مُصَنَّفَةٌ فِي الْفِقْهِ، تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. وَفِيهَا تُوُفِّيَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ الْمَدِينِيُّ بِالْبَصْرَةِ، وَعُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ. وَفِيهَا تُوُفِّيَ عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، وَأَبُو كَامِلٍ الْفُضَيْلُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْجَحْدَرِيُّ.
Translation
✧ Mention of the prominent figures who died in this year Ḥātim al-Aṣamm Ḥātim al-Aṣamm, who is Ḥātim b. ʿUnwān. It is also said: Ḥātim b. Yūsuf, Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Balkhī. He was a client of al-Muthannā b. Yaḥyā al-Muḥāribī. He transmitted hadith from Shaqīq b. Ibrāhīm, Shaddād b. Ḥakīm, ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Miqdām, and Rajāʾ b. Muḥammad al-Ṣāghānī. Narrated from him: Ḥamdān b. Dhī al-Nūn and Muḥammad b. Fāris, both al-Balkhī, and Muḥammad b. Mukrim al-Ṣaffār. As for why he was called al-Aṣamm: Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī al-Daqqāq says: A woman came and asked Ḥātim about a matter, and it happened that she passed wind with a sound, so she was embarrassed. Ḥātim said to her: "Raise your voice, for I see myself as deaf." The woman was pleased by that and said: "He did not hear the sound." Thus the name al-Aṣamm stuck to him. Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Khawwāṣ said—and he was one of the leading companions of Ḥātim: When Ḥātim entered Baghdad, its people gathered around him and said to him: "You are a non-Arab, and no one speaks to you but that you cut him off. For what reason?" Ḥātim said: "I have three qualities by which I prevail over my opponent." They said: "What are they?" He said: "I rejoice when my opponent is right, I grieve when he errs, and I restrain myself so that I may feign ignorance toward him." This reached Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal, who said: "Glory be to God! How wise a man he was!" From ʿAlī b. al-Muwaffaq, who said: I heard Ḥātim al-Aṣamm say: We met the Turks, and there was a skirmish between us. A Turk threw a lasso at me and toppled me from my horse, then dismounted from his mount and sat on my chest. He grabbed this full beard of mine and took out a knife from his boot to slaughter me with it. By the truth of my Lord, my heart was not with the knife at first; rather, my heart was with my Lord, watching what decree would descend from Him! I said: O my Lord, if You have decreed that this one slaughter me, then upon my head and eyes; I am only Yours and Your possession. While I was addressing my Lord and he was sitting on my chest, holding my beard to slaughter me, one of the Muslims shot him with an arrow, and it did not miss his throat. He fell off me, and I went to him, took the knife from his hand, and slaughtered him! So it is only when your hearts are with the Lord that you will see of the wonders of His kindness what you have not seen from fathers and mothers. Saʿdūn al-Rāzī said: I was with Ḥātim while he was speaking, and his speech became scarce. He was asked about that, and he said: "You used to speak and people benefited from you?" He said: "I do not like to speak a word before I have prepared its answer for God. When God—exalted is He—says to me on the Day of Resurrection: 'Why did you say such-and-such?' I will say: 'O Lord, for such-and-such.'" Ḥātim al-Aṣamm died on Mount Wāshajard in this year. Ḥayyān b. Bishr b. al-Mukhāriq al-Asadī al-Aṣbahānī Ḥayyān b. Bishr b. al-Mukhāriq al-Asadī al-Aṣbahānī. He heard Hushaym b. Bashīr, Abū Yūsuf al-Qāḍī, Abū Muʿāwiya, and others. Narrated from him: Abū al-Qāsim al-Baghawī. He was one of the adherents of raʾy (personal opinion). He had held the office of judge in Isfahan during the days of al-Maʾmūn, then returned to Baghdad and resided there until al-Mutawakkil appointed him judge of the eastern side. Ḥayyān b. Bishr had held the judgeship of Baghdad and the judgeship of Isfahan. He was among the foremost transmitters of hadith. One day he related that ʿArfaja had his nose cut off on the Day of al-Kilāb. His mustamlī (dictation assistant) was a man called Kajja, who said: "O judge, it is the Day of al-Kilāb." So he ordered him imprisoned. People went in to him and said: "What happened to you?" He said: "ʿArfaja's nose was cut off in the Jāhiliyya, and I am being tested because of it in Islam." Ḥayyān died in this year, and it is also said in the year 238. ʿAbd Allāh b. Muṭīʿ b. Rāshid al-Bakrī ʿAbd Allāh b. Muṭīʿ b. Rāshid al-Bakrī. He heard Hushaym and Ibn al-Mubārak. Narrated from him: al-Baghawī. He was trustworthy. He died in Dhū al-Ḥijja of this year. Abū Yaḥyā al-Bāhilī, known as al-Narsī ʿAbd al-Aʿlā b. Ḥammād, Abū Yaḥyā al-Bāhilī, known as al-Narsī. Nars is a nickname for his grandfather, given by the Nabataeans. His name was Naṣr, but they said Nars. ʿAbd al-Aʿlā settled in Baghdad and transmitted hadith there from Mālik and the two Ḥammāds. Narrated from him: al-Bukhārī and Muslim in their two Ṣaḥīḥs. ʿAbd al-Aʿlā b. Ḥammād said: I came to al-Mutawakkil in Samarra. One day I entered upon him, and he said: "O Abū Yaḥyā, we had intended something for you, but the days postponed it." I said: "O Commander of the Faithful, I heard Muslim b. Khālid al-Zinjī say: I heard Jaʿfar b. Muḥammad say: 'Whoever does not thank for the intention has not thanked for the blessing.'" Then I recited to him: I will surely thank you for a kindness you intended, For your concern with kindness is itself a kindness. And I will not blame you if fate does not carry it out, For the matter by the decreed fate is known. He pulled the inkwell and wrote it down, then said: "Carry out for Abū Yaḥyā what we had intended for him, which is such-and-such, and double it because of this report of his." ʿAbd al-Aʿlā died in Basra in this year. 1410 - Maʿmar b. Manṣūr, Abū Muslim al-Ifrīqī al-Kindī. Judge of the Maghreb. He has books composed in fiqh. He died in this year. In it also died al-ʿAbbās b. al-Walīd al-Madīnī in Basra, and ʿUbayd Allāh b. Muʿādh al-ʿAnbarī. In it also died ʿAbd al-Aʿlā b. Ḥammād and Abū Kāmil al-Fuḍayl b. al-Ḥusayn al-Jaḥdarī.
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