Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3339
The Year 234 AH
ثُمَّ دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ أَرْبَعٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ ذِكْرُ هَرَبِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْبُعَيْثِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ هَرَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْبُعَيْثِ بْنِ الْجُلَيْسِ، وَكَانَ سَبَبُ هَرَبِهِ أَنَّهُ جِيءَ بِهِ أَسِيرًا مِنْ أَذْرَبِيجَانَ إِلَى سَامَرَّا، وَكَانَ رَجُلٌ يَخْدِمُهُ يُسَمَّى خَلِيفَةَ، وَكَانَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ مَرِيضًا، فَأَخْبَرَ خَلِيفَةُ ابْنَ الْبُعَيْثِ أَنَّ الْمُتَوَكِّلَ مَاتَ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ مَاتَ، وَإِنَّمَا أَرَادَ إِطْمَاعَ ابْنِ الْبُعَيْثِ فِي الْهَرَبِ، فَوَافَقَهُ عَلَى الْهَرَبِ، وَأَعَدَّ لَهُ دَوَابَّ، فَهَرَبَا إِلَى مَوْضِعِهِ مِنْ أَذْرَبِيجَانَ، وَهُوَ مَرَنْدَ. وَقِيلَ: كَانَ لَهُ قَلْعَةُ شَاهِي، وَقَلْعَةُ يَكْدُرَ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّ ابْنَ الْبُعَيْثِ كَانَ فِي حَبْسِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُصْعَبٍ، فَتَكَلَّمَ فِيهِ بُغَا الشَّرَابِيُّ، فَأُخِذَ مِنْهُ الْكُفَلَاءُ نَحْوًا مِنْ ثَلَاثِينَ كَفِيلًا: مِنْهُمْ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ مَزِيدٍ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ، فَكَانَ يَتَرَدَّدُ بِسَامَرَّا، فَهَرَبَ إِلَى مَرَنْدَ، وَجَمَعَ بِهَا الطَّعَامَ، وَهِيَ مَدِينَةٌ حَصِينَةٌ، وَفِيهَا عُيُونُ مَاءٍ، وَلَهَا بَسَاتِينُ كَثِيرَةٌ دَاخِلَ الْبَلَدِ. وَأَتَاهُ مَنْ أَرَادَ الْفِتْنَةَ مِنْ رَبِيعَةَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ، فَصَارَ فِي نَحْوٍ مِنْ أَلْفَيْنِ وَمِائَتَيْ رَجُلٍ، وَكَانَ الْوَالِي بِأَذْرَبِيجَانَ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ حَاتِمِ بْنِ هَرْثَمَةَ، فَقَصَّرَ فِي طَلَبِهِ، فَوَلَّى الْمُتَوَكِّلُ حَمْدَوَيْهِ بْنَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ السَّعْدِيَّ أَذْرَبِيجَانَ، وَسَيَّرَهُ عَلَى الْبَرِيدِ، وَجَمَعَ النَّاسَ، وَسَارَ إِلَى ابْنِ الْبُعَيْثِ، فَحَصَرَهُ فِي مَرَنْدَ، فَلَمَّا طَالَتْ مُدَّةُ الْحِصَارِ بَعَثَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ زَيْرَكَ التُّرْكِيَّ فِي مِائَتَيْ فَارِسٍ مِنَ الْأَتْرَاكِ، فَلَمْ يَصْنَعْ شَيْئًا، فَوَجَّهَ إِلَيْهِ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ عُمَرَ بْنَ سَيْسِيلَ بْنِ كَالَ فِي تِسْعِ مِائَةِ فَارِسٍ، فَلَمْ يُغْنِ شَيْئًا فَوَجَّهَ بُغَا الشَّرَابِيَّ فِي أَلْفَيْ فَارِسٍ. وَكَانَ حَمْدَوَيْهِ، وَابْنُ سَيْسِيلَ، وَزَيْرَكُ قَدْ قَطَعُوا مِنَ الشَّجَرِ الَّذِي حَوْلَ مَرَنْدَ نَحْوَ مِائَةِ أَلْفِ شَجَرَةٍ، وَنَصَبُوا عَلَيْهَا عِشْرِينَ مَنْجَنِيقًا، وَنَصَبَ ابْنُ الْبُعَيْثِ عَلَيْهِمْ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، فَلَمْ يَقْدِرُوا عَلَى الدُّنُوِّ مِنْ سُورِ الْمَدِينَةِ، فَقُتِلَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ فِي حَرْبِهِ، فِي ثَمَانِيَةِ أَشْهُرٍ نَحْوُ مِائَةِ رَجُلٍ، وَجُرِحَ نَحْوُ أَرْبَعِ مِائَةٍ، وَأَصَابَ أَصْحَابُهُ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، وَكَانَ حَمْدَوَيْهِ، وَعُمْرُ وَزَيْرَكُ، يُغَادُونَهُ الْقِتَالَ وَيُرَاوِحِونَهُ، وَكَانَ أَصْحَابُهُ يَتَدَلَّوْنَ بِالْحِبَالِ مِنَ السُّورِ مَعَهُمُ الرِّمَاحُ، فَيُقَاتِلُونَ، فَإِذَا حَمَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَصْحَابُ الْخَلِيفَةِ تَجَارُوا إِلَى السُّورِ، وَحَمَوْا نُفُوسَهُمْ، فَكَانُوا يَفْتَحُونَ الْبَابَ، فَيَخْرُجُونَ، فَيُقَاتِلُونَ، ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُونَ. وَلَمَّا قَرُبَ بُغَا الشَّرَابِيُّ مِنْ مَرَنْدَ بَعَثَ عِيسَى بْنَ الشَّيْخِ بْنِ السَّلِيلِ، وَمَعَهُ أَمَانٌ لِوُجُوهِ ابْنِ الْبُعَيْثِ ( أَنْ يَنْزِلُوا، وَأَمَانٌ لِابْنِ الْبُعَيْثِ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ عَلَى حُكْمِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ، فَنَزَلَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ خَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ بِالْأَمَانِ، ثُمَّ فَتَحُوا بَابَ الْمَدِينَةِ، فَدَخَلَ أَصْحَابُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ، وَخَرَجَ ابْنُ الْبُعَيْثِ ) هَارِبًا، فَلَحِقَهُ قَوْمٌ مِنَ الْجُنْدِ، فَأَخَذُوهُ أَسِيرًا، وَانْتَهَبَ الْجُنْدُ مَنْزِلَهُ وَمَنَازِلَ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَبَعْضَ مَنَازِلِ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ، ثُمَّ نُودِيَ بِالْأَمَانِ، وَأَخَذُوا لِابْنِ الْبُعَيْثِ أُخْتَيْنِ، وَثَلَاثَ بَنَاتٍ، وَعِدَّةً مِنَ السَّرَارِي، ثُمَّ وَافَاهُمْ بُغَا الشَّرَابِيُّ مِنْ غَدٍ، فَأُمِّرَ فَنُودِيَ بِالْمَنْعِ مِنَ النَّهْبِ، وَكَتَبَ بِالْفَتْحِ لِنَفْسِهِ، وَأُخِذَ ابْنُ الْبُعَيْثِ إِلَيْهِ. ذِكْرُ إِيتَاخَ وَمَا صَارَ إِلَيْهِ أَمْرُهُ كَانَ إِيتَاخُ غُلَامًا خَزَرِيًّا، طَبَّاخًا لِسَلَّامٍ الْأَبْرَشِ، فَاشْتَرَاهُ مِنْهُ الْمُعْتَصِمُ فِي سَنَةِ تِسْعٍ وَتِسْعِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، وَكَانَ فِيهِ شَجَاعَةٌ، فَرَفَعَهُ الْمُعْتَصِمُ وَالْوَاثِقُ، وَضَمَّ إِلَيْهِ أَعْمَالًا كَثِيرَةً، مِنْهَا الْمَعُونَةُ بِسَامَرَّا مَعَ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ. وَكَانَ الْمُعْتَصِمُ، إِذَا أَرَادَ قَتْلَ أَحَدٍ، فَعِنْدَ إِيتَاخَ يُقْتَلُ، وَبِيَدِهِ، فَحَبَسَ مِنْهُمْ أَوَّلًا الْمَأْمُونَ بْنَ سُنْدُسٍ، وَابْنَ الزَّيَّاتِ، وَصَالِحَ بْنَ عُجَيْفٍ، وَغَيْرَهُمْ، وَكَانَ مَعَ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ فِي مَرْتَبَتِهِ، وَإِلَيْهِ الْجَيْشُ، وَالْمَغَارِبَةُ، وَالْأَتْرَاكُ، وَالْأَمْوَالُ، وَالْبَرِيدُ، وَالْحِجَابَةُ، وَدَارُ الْخِلَافَةِ فَلَمَّا تَمَكَّنَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ مِنِ الْخِلَافَةِ شَرِبَ فَعَرْبَدَ عَلَى إِيتَاخَ، فَهَمَّ إِيتَاخُ بِقَتْلِهِ، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ قِيلَ لَهُ، فَاعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ، أَنْتَ أَبِي، وَأَنْتَ رَبَّيْتَنِي، ثُمَّ وَضَعَ عَلَيْهِ مَنْ يُحَسِّنُ لَهُ الْحَجَّ، فَاسْتَأْذَنَ ( فِيهِ الْمُتَوَكِّلَ، فَأَذِنَ ) لَهُ، وَصَيَّرَهُ أَمِيرَ كُلِّ بَلَدٍ يَدْخُلُهُ، وَخَلَعَ عَلَيْهِ، وَسَارَ الْعَسْكَرُ جَمِيعُهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، فَلَمَّا فَارَقَ جُعِلَتِ الْحِجَابَةُ إِلَى وَصَيْفٍ فِي ذِي الْقِعْدَةِ. وَقِيلَ إِنَّ هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةَ كَانَتْ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ. ذِكْرُ الْخُلْفِ بِإِفْرِيقِيَّةَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ خَرَجَ عَمْرُو بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ التُّجِيبِيُّ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِالْقُوَيْعِ عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْأَغْلَبِ أَمِيرِ إِفْرِيقِيَّةَ، فَسَيَّرَ إِلَيْهِ جَيْشًا، فَحَصَرَهُ بِمَدِينَةِ تُونِسَ هَذِهِ السَّنَةَ، فَلَمْ يَبْلُغُوا مِنْهُ غَرَضًا، فَعَادُوا عَنْهُ. فَلَمَّا دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ خَمْسٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ سَيَّرَ إِلَيْهِ ابْنُ الْأَغْلَبِ جَيْشًا، فَالْتَقَوْا بِالْقُرْبِ مِنْ تُونِسَ، فَفَارَقَ جَيْشَ ابْنِ الْأَغْلَبِ جَمْعٌ كَثِيرٌ، وَقَصَدُوا الْقُوَيْعَ فَصَارُوا مَعَهُ، فَانْهَزَمَ جَيْشُ ابْنِ الْأَغْلَبِ وَقَوِيَ الْقُوَيْعُ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ سِتٍّ وَثَلَاثِينَ سَيَّرَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْأَغْلَبِ إِلَيْهِ جَيْشًا، فَاقْتَتَلُوا، فَانْهَزَمَ الْقُوَيْعُ، وَقُتِلَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ مَقْتَلَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ، وَأَدْرَكَ الْقُوَيْعَ إِنْسَانٌ، فَضَرَبَ عُنُقَهُ، وَدَخَلَ جَيْشُ ابْنِ الْأَغْلَبِ مَدِينَةَ تُونِسَ بِالسَّيْفِ فِي جُمَادَى الْأُولَى. ذِكْرُ عِدَّةِ حَوَادِثَ حَجَّ بِالنَّاسِ هَذِهِ السَّنَةَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ ( بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ). [إِظْهَارُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ السُّنَّةَ وَنَشْرَ الْحَدِيثِ ] [وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ: أَظْهَرَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ السُّنَّةَ وَنَشَرَ الْحَدِيثَ ]. وَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَرَفَةَ: سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ، فِيهَا: أَشْخَصَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ الْفُقَهَاءَ وَالْمُحَدِّثِينَ، وَكَانَ فِيهِمْ مُصْعَبٌ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ، وَإِسْحَاقُ بْنُ أَبِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْهَرَوِيُّ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَعُثْمَانُ ابْنَا مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَكَانَا مِنْ حُفَّاظِ النَّاسِ، فَقُسِّمَتْ بَيْنَهُمُ الْجَوَائِزُ، وَأُجْرِيَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَرْزَاقُ، وَأَمَرَهُمُ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ أَنْ يَجْلِسُوا لِلنَّاسِ، وَأَنْ يُحَدِّثُوا بِالْأَحَادِيثِ الَّتِي فِيهَا الرَّدُّ عَلَى الْمُعْتَزِلَةِ وَالْجَهْمِيَّةِ وَأَنْ يُحَدِّثُوا بِالْأَحَادِيثِ فِي الرُّؤْيَةِ، فَجَلَسَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ فِي مَدِينَةِ الْمَنْصُورِ، وَوُضِعَ لَهُ مِنْبَرٌ، فَاجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ نَحْوٌ مَنْ ثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفًا. وَجَلَسَ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ فِي مَجْلِسِ الرَّصَافَةِ، فَاجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ نَحْوٌ مَنْ ثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفًا. وَعَنْ [مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى ] الصُّولِيِّ. قَالَ: فِي سَنَةِ أَرْبَعٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ، نَهَى الْمُتَوَكِّلُ عَنِ الْكَلَامِ فِي الْقُرْآنِ، وَأَشْخَصَ الْفُقَهَاءَ وَالْمُحَدِّثِينَ إِلَى سَامُرَّاءَ، مِنْهُمْ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبِي الشَّوَارِبِ، وَابْنَا أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَمُصْعَبٌ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ، وَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يُحَدِّثُوا وَوَصَلَهُمْ. قَالَ أَبُو إِسْمَاعِيلَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ: سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبِي الشَّوَارِبِ يَقُولُ: اسْتَأْذَنْتُ الْمُتَوَكِّلَ أَنْ أَرْجِعَ إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ، وَلَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَكُنْ أَسْتَأْذِنُهُ كُنْتُ أَكُونُ فِي جِوَارِهِ. [قُلْتُ: وَكَيْفَ ؟ ] قَالَ: اشْهَدْ عَلَى أَنِّي جَعَلْتُ دُعَائِي فِي الْمَشَاهِدِ كُلِّهَا لِلْمُتَوَكِّلِ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ صَاحِبَنَا عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ جَاءَ اللَّهُ بِهِ فَرَدَّ الْمَظَالِمَ، وَجَاءَ اللَّهُ بِالْمُتَوَكِّلِ فَرَدَّ الدِّينَ. [عَزْلُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الْقَضَاءِ ] وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ: عُزِلَ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الْقَضَاءِ وَوَلِيَ الْوَابِصِيُّ . قَالَ طَلْحَةُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ: عَزَلَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ عُبَيْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ غَالِبٍ فِي سَنَةِ أَرْبَعٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ وَاسْتَقْضَى عَبْدَ السَّلَامِ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ صَخْرٍ، وَيُعْرَفُ بِالْوَابِصِيِّ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ مِنْ وَلَدِ وَابِصَةَ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ، وَكَانَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى قَضَاءِ الرِّقَّةِ، وَكَانَ أَهْلُ بَغْدَادَ قَدْ ضَجُّوا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ ابْنِ أَبِي دُؤَادٍ وَقَالُوا: لَا يَلِي عَلَيْنَا إِلَّا مَنْ نَرْضَى بِهِ، فَكَتَبَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ الْعَهْدَ مُطْلَقًا لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ اسْمُ أَحَدٍ، وَأَنْفَذَهُ مِنْ سَامُرَّاءَ مَعَ يَعْقُوبَ قَوْصَرَّةَ أَحَدُ الْحُجَّابِ الْكِبَارِ، وَقَالَ: احْضُرْ عَبْدَ السَّلَامِ وَالشُّيُوخَ، وَاقْرَأِ الْعَهْدَ، فَإِذَا رَضُوا بِهِ قَاضِيًا وَقَعَ عَلَى الْعَهْدِ اسْمُهُ، فَقَدِمَ فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ النَّاسُ: مَا نُرِيدُ إِلَّا الْوَابِصِيَّ، فَوَقَعَ عَلَى الْكِتَابِ اسْمُهُ، وَحَكَمَ فِي وَقْتِهِ بِالرَّصَافَةِ. [ابْتُدِئَ بِبِنَاءِ الْجَامِعِ بِسَامُرَّاءَ ] وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ: ابْتُدِئَ بِبِنَاءِ الْجَامِعِ بِسَامُرَّاءَ. [هُبُوبُ رِيحٍ شَدِيدَةٍ وَسَمُومٍ لَمْ يُعْهَدْ بِمِثْلِهَا ] وَفِيهَا: هَبَّتْ رِيحٌ شَدِيدَةٌ وَسَمُومٌ لَمْ يُعْهَدْ بِمِثْلِهَا، فَاتَّصَلَ ذَلِكَ نَيِّفًا وَخَمْسِينَ يَوْمًا، وَشَمِلَ ذَلِكَ الْبَصْرَةَ وَالْكُوفَةَ وَبَغْدَادَ وَوَاسِطَ وَعَبَّادَانَ وَالْأَهْوَازَ، وَقَتَلَتِ الْمَارَّةَ وَالْقَوَافِلَ، ثُمَّ مَضَتْ إِلَى هَمَذَانَ، وَرَكَدَتْ عَلَيْهَا عِشْرِينَ يَوْمَا، فَأَحْرَقَتِ الزَّرْعَ، ثُمَّ مَضَتْ إِلَى الْمُوصِلِ فَخَرَجَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ قَرْيَةِ سِنْجَارَ، فَأَهْلَكَتْ مَا مَرَّتْ بِهِ، ثُمَّ رَكَدَتْ بِالْمُوصِلِ فَمَنَعَتِ النَّاسَ مِنَ الِانْتِشَارِ وَعَطَّلَتِ الْأَسْوَاقَ، وَزَلْزَلَتْ هَرَاةَ وَمَطَّرَتْ مَطَرًا شَدِيدًا، حَتَّى سَقَطَتِ الدُّورُ، وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ إِلَى الصَّبَاحِ. [خَلْعُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَلَى إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ] وَفِيهَا: خَلَعَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ عَلَى إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَعَقَدَ لَهُ اللِّوَاءَ، فَسَارَ فِي مَوْكِبٍ عَظِيمٍ. قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَرَفَةَ: فَزَعَمُوا أَنَّهُ مَرَّ فِي مَوْكِبِهِ، فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ: مَنْ هَذَا ؟ فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَةٌ هُنَاكَ: هَذَا رَجُلٌ سَقَطَ مِنْ عَيْنِ اللَّهِ فَبَلَغَ بِهِ مَا تَرَوْنَ ! فَسُئِلَ عَنْهَا، فَقَالُوا: هِيَ أُخْتُ بِشْرِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، أَوِ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ. وَحَجَّ بِالنَّاسِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ بْنِ عِيسَى [بْنِ مُوسَى ].
Translation
✧ Then the year 234 AH commenced. Mention of the flight of Muḥammad b. al-Buʿayth In this year Muḥammad b. al-Buʿayth b. al-Julays fled. The reason for his flight was that he had been brought as a captive from Adharbayjān to Sāmarrā. He had a servant named Khalīfah, and al-Mutawakkil was ill. Khalīfah informed Ibn al-Buʿayth that al-Mutawakkil had died, though he had not died. He only intended to entice Ibn al-Buʿayth into fleeing, so he agreed with him to flee and prepared mounts for him, and they fled to his place in Adharbayjān, which is Marand. It is said: He had the fortress of Shāhī and the fortress of Yakdur. It is said: Ibn al-Buʿayth was in the prison of Ibrāhīm b. Muṣʿab, and Bughā al-Sharābī spoke about him, so about thirty guarantors were taken for him, among them Muḥammad b. Khālid b. Yazīd b. Mazyad al-Shaybānī. He used to move about in Sāmarrā, then he fled to Marand and gathered food there. It is a fortified city with springs of water and many orchards inside the town. Those who wanted trouble came to him from Rabīʿah and others, so he became about two thousand two hundred men. The governor of Adharbayjān was Muḥammad b. Ḥātim b. Harthamah, and he was remiss in pursuing him. Al-Mutawakkil appointed Ḥamdawayh b. ʿAlī b. al-Faḍl al-Saʿdī over Adharbayjān and sent him by post. He gathered people and marched against Ibn al-Buʿayth and besieged him in Marand. When the siege lasted long, al-Mutawakkil sent Zayrak al-Turkī with two hundred Turkish horsemen, but he accomplished nothing. Then al-Mutawakkil sent ʿUmar b. Sīsīl b. Kāl with nine hundred horsemen, but he availed nothing. Then he sent Bughā al-Sharābī with two thousand horsemen. Ḥamdawayh, Ibn Sīsīl, and Zayrak had cut down about a hundred thousand trees around Marand and set up twenty mangonels against it, and Ibn al-Buʿayth set up the like against them. They could not approach the city wall. About a hundred of al-Mutawakkil's men were killed in the war over eight months, and about four hundred were wounded, and his companions suffered the like. Ḥamdawayh, ʿUmar, and Zayrak would fight him in the morning and relieve one another. His companions would let themselves down by ropes from the wall with lances and fight. When the caliph's men charged them, they would run to the wall and protect themselves. They would open the gate, come out, fight, then return. When Bughā al-Sharābī drew near Marand, he sent ʿĪsā b. al-Shaykh b. al-Salīl with a safe-conduct for Ibn al-Buʿayth's notables to come down, and a safe-conduct for Ibn al-Buʿayth to come down subject to al-Mutawakkil's judgment. Many of his companions came down under the safe-conduct. Then they opened the city gate, and al-Mutawakkil's men entered. Ibn al-Buʿayth came out fleeing, but a group of soldiers caught up with him and took him captive. The soldiers plundered his dwelling and the dwellings of his companions and some of the dwellings of the city's inhabitants. Then a safe-conduct was proclaimed, and they seized two sisters of Ibn al-Buʿayth, three daughters, and several concubines. Then Bughā al-Sharābī arrived the next day and gave orders, and a prohibition against looting was proclaimed. He wrote the victory for himself, and Ibn al-Buʿayth was brought to him. Mention of Ītākh and what became of his affair Ītākh was a Khazar slave, a cook for Sallām al-Abrash. Al-Muʿtaṣim bought him from him in the year 199 AH. He had courage, so al-Muʿtaṣim and al-Wāthiq raised him and entrusted him with many offices, among them the police in Sāmarrā together with Isḥāq b. Ibrāhīm. When al-Muʿtaṣim wanted to kill someone, it was at Ītākh's place and by his hand that he was killed. He first imprisoned among them al-Maʾmūn b. Sundus, Ibn al-Zayyāt, Ṣāliḥ b. ʿUjayf, and others. He was with al-Mutawakkil in his rank, and to him belonged the army, the Maghāribah, the Turks, the funds, the post, the chamberlainship, and the palace of the caliphate. When al-Mutawakkil was established in the caliphate, he drank and behaved boorishly toward Ītākh, and Ītākh resolved to kill him. When morning came, al-Mutawakkil was told, so he apologized to him: "You are my father, and you raised me." Then he set upon him someone who made the pilgrimage seem attractive to him, so he asked al-Mutawakkil's permission for it, and he granted him permission. He made him governor of every region he entered and bestowed robes of honor on him, and the entire army marched before him. When he departed, the chamberlainship was given to Waṣīf in Dhū al-Qaʿdah. It is said that this story occurred in the year 233 AH. Mention of the conflict in Ifrīqiyah In this year ʿAmr b. Sulaym al-Tujībī, known as al-Quwayʿ, revolted against Muḥammad b. al-Aghlab, the emir of Ifrīqiyah. He sent an army against him and besieged him in the city of Tunis this year, but they did not achieve their aim against him, so they withdrew. When the year 235 AH commenced, Ibn al-Aghlab sent an army against him, and they met near Tunis. A large group abandoned Ibn al-Aghlab's army and went over to al-Quwayʿ, so Ibn al-Aghlab's army was defeated and al-Quwayʿ grew strong. When the year 236 AH commenced, Muḥammad b. al-Aghlab sent an army against him, and they fought. Al-Quwayʿ was defeated, and a great slaughter occurred among his companions. A man caught up with al-Quwayʿ and struck his neck, and Ibn al-Aghlab's army entered the city of Tunis by the sword in Jumādā al-Ūlā. Mention of several events Muḥammad b. Dāwūd b. ʿĪsā b. Mūsā b. Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbbās led the people in pilgrimage this year. [Al-Mutawakkil's proclamation of the Sunnah and dissemination of ḥadīth] [In this year, al-Mutawakkil proclaimed the Sunnah and disseminated ḥadīth.] Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammad b. ʿArafah said: In the year 234 AH, al-Mutawakkil summoned the jurists and traditionists. Among them were Muṣʿab al-Zubayrī, Isḥāq b. Abī Isrāʾīl, Ibrāhīm b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Harawī, and ʿAbd Allāh and ʿUthmān the two sons of Muḥammad b. Abī Shaybah, who were among the memorizers of the people. Awards were distributed among them, stipends were assigned to them, and al-Mutawakkil commanded them to sit for the people and to transmit the ḥadīths that contain the refutation of the Muʿtazilah and the Jahmiyyah, and to transmit the ḥadīths about the beatific vision. So ʿUthmān b. Abī Shaybah sat in the City of al-Manṣūr, and a pulpit was placed for him, and about thirty thousand gathered around him. Abū Bakr b. Abī Shaybah sat in the assembly of al-Ruṣāfah, and about thirty thousand gathered around him. From [Muḥammad b. Yaḥyā] al-Ṣūlī, who said: In the year 234 AH, al-Mutawakkil prohibited disputation about the Qurʾān and summoned the jurists and traditionists to Sāmarrā, among them Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Malik b. Abī al-Shawārib, the two sons of Abī Shaybah, and Muṣʿab al-Zubayrī. He commanded them to transmit ḥadīth and gave them gifts. Abū Ismāʿīl Muḥammad b. Ismāʿīl said: I heard Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Malik b. Abī al-Shawārib say: I asked al-Mutawakkil's permission to return to al-Baṣrah, and I wish I had not asked his permission, for I would have remained in his protection. [I said: And how so?] He said: Bear witness that I have made my supplication in all the places of visitation for al-Mutawakkil. That is because our companion ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz was brought by God and he restored the unjustly seized rights, and God brought al-Mutawakkil and he restored the religion. [Dismissal of ʿUbayd Allāh b. Aḥmad from the judiciary] In this year, ʿUbayd Allāh b. Aḥmad was dismissed from the judiciary, and al-Wābiṣī was appointed. Ṭalḥah b. Muḥammad b. Jaʿfar said: Al-Mutawakkil dismissed ʿUbayd Allāh b. Aḥmad b. Ghālib in the year 234 and appointed ʿAbd al-Salām b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Ṣakhr as judge, known as al-Wābiṣī, because he was a descendant of Wābiṣah b. Maʿbad. He had previously been judge of al-Raqqah. The people of Baghdād had complained about the associates of Ibn Abī Duʾād and said: "No one shall govern us except one with whom we are satisfied." So al-Mutawakkil wrote the patent of appointment blank, with no one's name on it, and sent it from Sāmarrā with Yaʿqūb Qawṣarrah, one of the chief chamberlains. He said: "Bring ʿAbd al-Salām and the elders, and read the patent. If they are satisfied with him as judge, his name will be written on the patent." He arrived and did that. The people said: "We want no one but al-Wābiṣī." So his name was written on the document, and he judged at that time in al-Ruṣāfah. [Commencement of the construction of the congregational mosque in Sāmarrā] In this year, the construction of the congregational mosque in Sāmarrā was commenced. [A violent wind and samūm the like of which had never been known] In this year, a violent wind and samūm blew, the like of which had never been known. It lasted more than fifty days and encompassed al-Baṣrah, al-Kūfah, Baghdād, Wāsiṭ, ʿAbbādān, and al-Ahwāz. It killed travelers and caravans. Then it moved to Hamadhān and remained over it for twenty days, burning the crops. Then it moved to al-Mawṣil and came upon them from the village of Sinjār, destroying whatever it passed over. Then it remained over al-Mawṣil, preventing people from going about and closing the markets. It shook Herāt and rained heavily, so that houses collapsed. That was from the beginning of the night until morning. [Al-Mutawakkil's bestowal of robes of honor on Isḥāq b. Ibrāhīm] In this year, al-Mutawakkil bestowed robes of honor on Isḥāq b. Ibrāhīm and tied a banner for him, and he marched in a great procession. Ibrāhīm b. ʿArafah said: They claimed that as he passed in his procession, someone said: "Who is this?" A woman there said: "This is a man who fell from God's sight, and He has brought him to what you see!" She was asked about her, and they said: "She is the sister of Bishr b. al-Ḥārith, or a woman of his family." Muḥammad b. Dāwūd b. ʿĪsā b. Mūsā led the people in pilgrimage this year.
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