Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3324
The Year 227 AH
ذِكْرُ مَنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ مِنَ الْأَكَابِرِ بِشْرُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِالْحَافِي بِشْرُ بْنُ [الْحَارِثِ بْنِ] عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَطَاءِ بْنِ هِلَالِ بْنِ مَاهَانَ، أَبُو نَصْرٍ، الْمَعْرُوفُ بِالْحَافِي. مَرْوَزِيٌّ، وُلِدَ بِمَرْوٍ، وَسَكَنَ بَغْدَادَ، وَفَاقَ أَهْلَ عَصْرِهِ فِي الْوَرَعِ وَالزُّهْدِ وَحُسْنِ الطَّرِيقَةِ، وَسَمِعَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ، وَمَالِكَ، وَحَمَّادَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ، وَابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ، وَخَلْقًا كَثِيرًا، وَشَغَلَهُ التَّعَبُّدُ عَنِ الرِّوَايَةِ، فَلَمْ يَتَنَصَّبْ لَهَا. وَعَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ: مَا تَقُولُ فِي هَذَا الرَّجُلِ؟ فَقَالَ: أَيُّ الرِّجَالِ؟ فَقُلْتُ: بِشْرٌ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتَنِي عَنْ رَابِعِ سَبْعَةٍ مِنَ الْأَبْدَالِ، مَا مَثَلُهُ عِنْدِي إِلَّا مَثَلُ رَجُلٍ رَكَزَ رُمْحًا فِي الْأَرْضِ، ثُمَّ قَعَدَ مِنْهُ عَلَى السِّنَانِ، فَهَلْ تَرَكَ لِأَحَدٍ مَوْضِعًا يَقْعُدُ فِيهِ؟ وَقَالَ أَبُو حَامِدِ بْنُ خَالِدٍ الْحَذَّاءُ: سَمِعْتُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَرْبِيَّ يَقُولُ: مَا أَخْرَجَتْ بَغْدَادَ أَتَمَّ عَقْلًا وَلَا أَحْفَظَ لِلِسَانِهِ [مِنْ بِشْرِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ]، كَانَ فِي كُلِّ شَعْرَةٍ مِنْهُ عَقْلٌ، وَطِئَ النَّاسُ عَقِبَهُ خَمْسِينَ سَنَةً، مَا عُرِفَ لَهُ غِيبَةٌ لِمُسْلِمٍ، لَوْ قُسِّمَ عَقْلُهُ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَغْدَادَ صَارُوا عُقَلَاءَ، وَمَا نَقَصَ مِنْ عَقْلِهِ شَيْءٌ. وَقَالَ أَبَا عِمْرَانَ الْوَرْكَانِيَّ: تَخْرِقُ إِزَارَ بِشْرٍ، فَقَالَتْ لَهُ أُخْتُهُ: يَا أَخِي، قَدْ تَخْرِقُ إِزَارَكَ، وَهَذَا الْبُرْدَ، فَلَوْ جِئْتَ بِقُطْنٍ حَتَّى أَغْزِلَ لَكَ، قَالَ: فَكَانَ يَجِيءُ بِالْأَسْتَارَيْنِ وَالثَّلَاثَةِ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ: إِنَّ الْغَزْلَ قَدِ اجْتَمَعَ، أَفَلَا تُسَلِّمُ إِزَارَكَ إِنْ أَرَدْتَ السُّرْعَةَ؟ فَقَالَ لَهَا: هَاتِيهِ، فَأَخْرَجَتْهُ إِلَيْهِ، فَوَزَنَهُ وَأَخْرَجَ أَلْوَاحَهُ وَجَعَلَ يَحْسِبُ الْأَسَاتِيرَ، فَلَمَّا رَآهَا قَدْ زَادَتْ فِيهِ قَالَ: كَمَا أَفْسَدْتِيهِ فَخُذِيهِ. قَالَ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ: وَسَمِعْتُ بَعْضَ الْقَطَّانِينَ يَقُولُ: أَهْدَى إِلَيَّ أُسْتَاذٌ لِي رُطَبًا وَكَانَ بِشْرٌ يَقِيلُ فِي دُكَّانِنَا فِي الصَّيْفِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ أُسْتَاذِي: يَا أَبَا نَصْرٍ، هَذَا مِنْ وَجْهٍ طَيِّبٍ، فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تَأْكُلَهُ، قَالَ: فَجَعَلَ يَمَسُّهُ بِيَدِهِ، ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى لِحْيَتِهِ، وَقَالَ: يَنْبَغِي أَنْ أَسْتَحِيَ مِنَ اللَّهِ، إِنِّي [عِنْدَ النَّاسِ] تَارِكٌ لِهَذَا وَآكُلُهُ فِي السِّرِّ. وَقَالَ أَبُو حَفْصٍ عُمَرُ ابْنُ أُخْتِ بِشْرٍ الْحَافِي: حَدَّثَتْنِي أُمِّي قَالَتْ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى الْبَابِ فَدَقَّهُ فَأَجَابَهُ بِشْرٌ: مَنْ هَذَا؟ قَالَ: أُرِيدُ بِشْرًا، فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ: حَاجَتُكَ؟ قَالَ: عَافَاكَ اللَّهُ، أَنْتَ بِشْرٌ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، حَاجَتُكَ؟ قَالَ: إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ رَبَّ الْعِزَّةِ [تَعَالَى] فِي الْمَنَامِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: اذْهَبْ إِلَى بِشْرٍ فَقُلْ لَهُ: يَا بِشْرُ، لَوْ سَجَدْتَ عَلَى الْجَمْرِ مَا أَدَّيْتَ شُكْرِي فِيمَا قَدْ بَثَثْتُ لَكَ - [أَوْ نَشَرْتُ لَكَ] - فِي النَّاسِ. فَقَالَ لَهُ: أَنْتَ رَأَيْتَ ذَلِكَ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ رَأَيْتُهُ مَرَّتَيْنِ، لَيْلَتَيْنِ مُتَوَالِيَتَيْنِ فَقَالَ: لَا تُخْبِرْ بِهِ أَحَدًا، ثُمَّ دَخَلَ وَوَلَّى وَجْهَهُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ، وَجَعَلَ يَبْكِي وَيَضْطَرِبُ، وَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كُنْتَ شَهَرْتَنِي فِي الدُّنْيَا، وَنَوَّهْتَ بِاسْمِي، وَرَفَعْتَنِي فَوْقَ قَدْرِي عَلَى أَنْ تَفْضَحَنِي فِي الْقِيَامَةِ، فَعَجِّلِ الْآنَ عُقُوبَتِي، خُذْ مِنِّي بِمِقْدَارِ مَا يَقْوَى عَلَيْهِ بَدَنِي. قَالَ الْمُصَنِّفُ: وَقَدْ جَمَعْتُ كِتَابًا فِيهِ فَضَائِلُ بِشْرٍ الْحَافِي وَأَخْبَارُهُ؛ فَلِهَذَا اقْتَصَرْتُ عَلَى مَا ذَكَرْتُ هَا هُنَا كَرَاهِيَةً لِلْإِعَادَةِ [وَالتَّطْوِيلِ]. تُوُفِّيَ بِشْرٌ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ عَشِيَّةَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ لِعَشْرٍ بَقِينَ مِنْ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ مِنْ سَنَةِ سَبْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ، قَبْلَ مَوْتِ الْمُعْتَصِمِ بِسِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ، وَقَدْ بَلَغَ مِنَ السِّنِّ خَمْسًا وَسِتِّينَ سَنَةً. يَقُولُ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ زُهَيْرٍ: سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ الْحِمَّانِيَّ يَقُولُ: رَأَيْتُ أَبَا نَصْرٍ التَّمَّارَ، وَعَلَيَّ بْنَ الْمَدِينِيِّ فِي جِنَازَةِ بِشْرِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ يَصِيحَانِ فِي الْجِنَازَةِ: هَذَا شَرَفٌ وَاللَّهِ شَرَفُ الدُّنْيَا قَبْلَ شَرَفِ الْآخِرَةِ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ بِشْرَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ [وَقَدْ] أُخْرِجَتْ جِنَازَتُهُ بَعْدَ صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ، وَلَمْ يُجْعَلْ فِي قَبْرِهِ إِلَّا فِي اللَّيْلِ، وَكَانَ نَهَارًا صَائِفًا، وَلَمْ يَسْتَقِرَّ فِي الْقَبْرِ إِلَى الْعَتَمَةِ. عَرِيبُ عَرِيبُ وُلِدَتْ فِي سَنَةِ إِحْدَى وَثَلَاثِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، وَكَانَتْ أُمُّهَا تُسَمَّى فَاطِمَةَ، وَكَانَتْ يَتِيمَةً، فَتَزَوَّجَهَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ خَالِدٍ، فَأَنْكَرَ عَلَيْهِ أَبُوهُ وَقَالَ [لَهُ:] أَتَتَزَوَّجُ مَنْ لَا يُعْرَفُ لَهُ أَبٌ وَلَا أُمٌّ، اشْتَرِ مَكَانَهَا أَلْفَ جَارِيَةٍ، فَأَخْرِجْهَا وَأَسْكِنْهَا دَارًا فِي نَاحِيَةِ الْأَنْبَارِ سِرًّا مِنْ أَبِيهِ، وَوَكَّلَ بِهَا مَنْ يَحْفَظُهَا، وَكَانَ يَتَرَدَّدُ إِلَيْهَا، فَوُلِدَتْ عَرِيبُ، وَمَاتَتْ أُمُّ عَرِيبَ فِي حَيَاةِ جَعْفَرٍ، فَدَفَعَهَا إِلَى امْرَأَةٍ نَصْرَانِيَّةٍ وَجَعَلَهَا دَايَةً لَهَا، فَلَمَّا حَدَثَتْ بِالْبَرَامِكَةِ تِلْكَ الْحَادِثَةُ بَاعَتْهَا مِنْ سُنْبُسَ النَّخَّاسِ، فَبَاعَهَا، فَاشْتَرَاهَا الْأَمِينُ وَافْتَضَّهَا وَلَمْ يُوفِ الثَّمَنَ، حَتَّى قُتِلَ، فَرَجَعَتْ إِلَى سَيِّدِهَا، ثُمَّ اشْتَرَاهَا الْمَأْمُونُ، فَمَاتَ الَّذِي اشْتُرِيَتْ مِنْهُ عِشْقًا لَهَا، ثُمَّ بِيعَتْ فِي مِيرَاثِ الْمَأْمُونِ، فَاشْتَرَاهَا الْمُعْتَصِمُ بِمِائَةِ أَلْفٍ وَأَعْتَقَهَا فَهِيَ مَوْلَاتُهُ، وَكَانُوا إِذَا نَظَرُوا إِلَى قَدَمَيْ عَرِيبَ شَبَّهُوهَا بِقَدَمِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، وَكَانَتْ عَرِيبُ شَاعِرَةً، وَمَلِيحَةَ الْخَطِّ، وَغَايَةً فِي الْجَمَالِ وَالظُّرْفِ، ثُمَّ كَانَتْ مُغَنِّيَةً مُحْسِنَةً، صَنَعَتْ أَلْفَ صَوْتٍ، وَكَانَتْ شَدِيدَةَ الْفِطْنَةِ وَالذَّكَاءِ، كَتَبَتْ إِلَى بَعْضِ النَّاسِ: أَرَدْتُ، وَلَوْلَا، وَلَعَلَّ. فَكَتَبَ تَحْتَ أَرَدْتُ: لَيْتَ، وَتَحْتَ لَوْلَا: مَاذَا، وَتَحْتَ لَعَلَّ: أَرْجُو، فَقَامَتْ وَمَضَتْ إِلَيْهِ. تُوُفِّيَتْ عَرِيبُ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. قَرَاطِيسُ أُمُّ الْوَاثِقِ [قَرَاطِيسُ، أُمُّ الْوَاثِقِ. خَرَجَتْ إِلَى الْحَجِّ، فَمَاتَتْ بِالْحِيرَةِ، لِأَرْبَعٍ خَلَوْنَ مِنْ ذِي الْقِعْدَةِ، وَدُفِنَتْ بِالْكُوفَةِ فِي دَارِ دَاوُدَ بْنِ عِيسَى]. أَبُو الْأَحْوَصِ الْبَغَوِيُّ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَيَّانٍ، أَبُو الْأَحْوَصِ الْبَغَوِيُّ. حَدَّثَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عُلِيَّةَ، وَهُشَيْمٍ، وَغَيْرِهِمَا وَرَوَى عَنْهُ: أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ وَغَيْرُهُ، وَآخِرُ مَنْ رَوَى عَنْهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَغَوِيُّ، وَكَانَ ثِقَةً. تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ فِي ذِي الْحِجَّةِ. أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الْبَزَّازُ وَيُعْرَفُ بِالدُّولَابِيِّ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَاحِ، أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الْبَزَّازُ، وَيُعْرَفُ بِالدُّولَابِيِّ. سَمِعَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ، وَهُشَيْمَ بْنَ بَشِيرٍ، وَغَيْرَهُمَا، رَوَى عَنْهُ: أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ وَوَثَّقَهُ، وَلَمْ يَخْتَلِفُوا فِي ذَلِكَ. وَتُوُفِّيَ يَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ لِأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ مِنْ شَهْرِ اللَّهِ الْمُحَرَّمِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَقَدْ جَاوَزَ السَّبْعِينَ. وَمِمَّنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِيهَا مِنَ الْأَعْيَانِ: أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يُونُسَ الْيَرْبُوعِيُّ. وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْبَجَلِيُّ. وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ. صَاحِبُ السُّنَنِ الْمَشْهُورَةِ الَّتِي لَا يُشَارِكُهُ فِي مِثْلِهَا إِلَّا الْقَلِيلُ. وَلَهُ سُنَنٌ أَيْضًا. وَأَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ.
Translation
✧ Mention of the prominent figures who died in this year Bishr b. al-Ḥārith, known as al-Ḥāfī Bishr b. [al-Ḥārith b.] ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAṭāʾ b. Hilāl b. Māhān, Abū Naṣr, known as al-Ḥāfī. A Marwazī, he was born in Marw and resided in Baghdad, and he surpassed the people of his era in piety, asceticism, and excellence of conduct. He heard from Ibrāhīm b. Saʿd, Mālik, Ḥammād b. Zayd, Ibn al-Mubārak, and many others, but devotion to worship distracted him from narration, so he did not undertake it. From Muḥammad b. al-Muthannā, who said: I said to Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal: What do you say about this man? He said: Which of the men? I said: Bishr. He said: You have asked me about the fourth of seven of the substitutes (abdāl). To me he is only like a man who planted a spear in the ground, then sat upon its point—has he left any place for another to sit? Abū Ḥāmid b. Khālid al-Ḥadhdhāʾ said: I heard Ibrāhīm al-Ḥarbī say: Baghdad has not produced anyone more complete in intellect or more guarded in speech [than Bishr b. al-Ḥārith]. In every hair of his there was intellect. People followed in his footsteps for fifty years, and no backbiting of a Muslim was known from him. If his intellect were divided among the people of Baghdad, they would all become intelligent, and nothing of his intellect would diminish. Abū ʿImrān al-Warkānī said: Bishr's izār (waist-wrapper) was tearing, so his sister said to him: O my brother, your izār is tearing, and here is the yarn. If only you would bring cotton so that I could spin for you. He said: So he would bring two or three bundles. She said to him: The spinning has accumulated; will you not hand over your izār if you want it quickly? He said to her: Give it to me. She brought it out to him, so he weighed it, took out its threads, and began counting the bundles. When he saw that she had increased it, he said: As you have spoiled it, take it back. Al-Marwazī said: I heard one of the cotton merchants say: A teacher of mine gifted me some fresh dates, and Bishr used to take a midday nap in our shop in the summer. My teacher said to him: O Abū Naṣr, this is from a good source; if you see fit to eat it. He said: So he began touching it with his hand, then he struck his hand to his beard and said: It befits me to be ashamed before God, for I am [in the sight of people] one who abstains from this, yet I eat it in secret. Abū Ḥafṣ ʿUmar, the son of Bishr al-Ḥāfī's sister, said: My mother narrated to me, saying: A man came to the door and knocked, and Bishr answered: Who is this? He said: I want Bishr. So he went out to him, and he said to him: Your need? He said: May God grant you well-being—are you Bishr? He said: Yes, your need? He said: I saw the Lord of Might [Exalted is He] in a dream, saying: Go to Bishr and say to him: O Bishr, even if you were to prostrate upon live coals, you would not fulfill gratitude for what I have spread for you—[or dispersed for you]—among the people. So he said to him: You saw that? He said: Yes, I saw it twice, on two consecutive nights. Then he said: Tell no one about it. Then he entered, turned his face toward the qiblah, and began weeping and trembling, and began saying: O God, if You have made me famous in this world, and publicized my name, and raised me above my worth in order to disgrace me on the Day of Resurrection, then hasten now my punishment; take from me according to what my body can bear. The compiler said: I have compiled a book containing the virtues of Bishr al-Ḥāfī and his reports; for this reason I have limited myself here to what I have mentioned, out of dislike for repetition [and prolixity]. Bishr died in this year on Wednesday evening, ten nights remaining of Rabīʿ al-Awwal in the year twenty-seven (227 AH), six days before the death of al-Muʿtaṣim, having reached the age of sixty-five years. Aḥmad b. Zuhayr said: I heard Yaḥyā b. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd al-Ḥimmānī say: I saw Abū Naṣr al-Tammār and ʿAlī b. al-Madīnī at the funeral of Bishr b. al-Ḥārith, shouting at the funeral: This is an honor, by God, an honor of this world before the honor of the Hereafter. That is because the funeral of Bishr b. al-Ḥārith was brought out after the dawn prayer, and he was not placed in his grave until nightfall; it was a summer day, and he did not settle in the grave until the time of the evening darkness (ʿatamah). ʿArīb ʿArīb She was born in the year 131 AH. Her mother was called Fāṭimah, and she was an orphan. Jaʿfar b. Yaḥyā b. Khālid married her, but his father disapproved and said [to him]: Will you marry one whose father and mother are unknown? Buy a thousand slave-girls in her place. So he removed her and lodged her in a house in the district of al-Anbār secretly from his father, and he appointed someone to guard her, and he used to visit her frequently. Then ʿArīb was born, and ʿArīb's mother died during Jaʿfar's lifetime, so he handed her over to a Christian woman and made her a wet-nurse for her. When that calamity befell the Barāmikah, she sold her to Sunbus the slave-dealer, and he sold her. Al-Amīn bought her and deflowered her but did not pay the full price until he was killed, so she returned to her master. Then al-Maʾmūn bought her, and the one from whom she was purchased died of love for her. Then she was sold in the inheritance of al-Maʾmūn, and al-Muʿtaṣim bought her for one hundred thousand and manumitted her, so she is his freedwoman. When they looked at ʿArīb's feet, they likened them to the feet of Jaʿfar b. Yaḥyā. ʿArīb was a poetess, with beautiful handwriting, and the utmost in beauty and elegance. Then she was an accomplished singer; she composed a thousand songs. She was extremely astute and intelligent. She wrote to one of the people: I wanted (aradtu), and were it not for (lawlā), and perhaps (laʿalla). So he wrote under 'I wanted': would that (layta); under 'were it not for': what then (mādhā); and under 'perhaps': I hope (arjū). So she arose and went to him. ʿArīb died in this year. Qarāṭīs, mother of al-Wāthiq [Qarāṭīs, mother of al-Wāthiq. She set out for the pilgrimage and died at al-Ḥīrah, four nights having passed of Dhū al-Qaʿdah, and was buried in al-Kūfah in the house of Dāwūd b. ʿĪsā]. Abū al-Aḥwaṣ al-Baghawī Muḥammad b. Ḥayyān, Abū al-Aḥwaṣ al-Baghawī. He narrated from Ismāʿīl b. ʿUlayyah, Hushaym, and others, and from him narrated Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal and others. The last to narrate from him was ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad al-Baghawī, and he was trustworthy. He died in this year in Dhū al-Ḥijjah. Abū Jaʿfar al-Bazzāz, known as al-Dūlābī Muḥammad b. al-Ṣabbāḥ, Abū Jaʿfar al-Bazzāz, known as al-Dūlābī. He heard from Ibrāhīm b. Saʿd, Hushaym b. Bashīr, and others. Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal narrated from him and declared him trustworthy, and they did not differ regarding that. He died on Wednesday, fourteen nights having passed of the sacred month of Muḥarram in this year, having passed the age of seventy. Among the notables who died in it: Aḥmad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Yūnus al-Yarbūʿī. Ismāʿīl b. ʿAmr al-Bajalī. Saʿīd b. Manṣūr. Author of the well-known Sunan, the like of which only a few share with him. He also has a Sunan. And Abū al-Walīd al-Ṭayālisī.
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