Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3073
The year 193 AH
مَوْتِ الرَّشِيدِ وَفِي سنة ثلاث وتسعين ومائة مَاتَ الرَّشِيدُ أَوَّلَ جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ لِثَلَاثٍ خَلَوْنَ مِنْهُ، وَكَانَتْ قَدِ اشْتَدَّتْ عِلَّتُهُ بِالطَّرِيقِ بِجُرْجَانَ، فَسَارَ إِلَى طُوسَ فَمَاتَ بِهَا. وكَانَ قَدْ رَأَى، وَهُوَ بِالرَّقَّةِ رُؤْيَا أَفْزَعَتْهُ، وَغَمَّهُ ذَلِكَ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ جِبْرِيلُ بْنُ بَخْتَيْشُوعَ، فَقَالَ: مَا لَكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ؟ فَقَالَ: رَأَيْتُ كَأَنَّ كَفًّا فِيهَا تُرْبَةٌ حَمْرَاءُ خَرَجَتْ مِنْ تَحْتِ سَرِيرِي هَذَا، وَقَائِلًا يَقُولُ هَذِهِ تُرْبَةُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ. فَهَوَّنَ عَلَيْهِ جِبْرِيلُ أَمْرَهَا، وَقَالَ: هَذِهِ مِنْ أَضْغَاثِ الْأَحْلَامِ، وَمِنْ حَدِيثِ النَّفْسِ، فَتَنَاسَهَا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ. فَلَمَّا سَارَ يُرِيدُ خُرَاسَانَ وَمَرَّ بِطُوسَ، وَاعْتَقَلَتْهُ الْعِلَّةُ بِهَا، ذَكَرَ رُؤْيَاهُ الَّتِي كَانَ رَأَى؛ فَهَالَهُ ذَلِكَ، وَانْزَعَجَ جِدًّا فَدَخَلَ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ لِجِبْرِيلَ: وَيْحَكَ ؟ أَمَا تَذْكُرُ مَا قَصَصْتُهُ عَلَيْكَ مِنَ الرُّؤْيَا ؟ فَقَالَ: بَلَى يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، فَكَانَ مَاذَا ؟ فَدَعَا مَسْرُورًا الْخَادِمَ، وَقَالَ: ائْتِنِي بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ تُرْبَةِ هَذِهِ الْأَرْضِ. فَجَاءَهُ بِتُرْبَةٍ حَمْرَاءَ فِي يَدِهِ، فَلَمَّا رَآهَا قَالَ: وَاللَّهِ هَذِهِ الْكَفُّ الَّتِي رَأَيْتُ، وَالتُّرْبَةُ الَّتِي كَانَتْ فِيهَا. قَالَ جِبْرِيلُ: فَوَاللَّهِ مَا أَتَتْ عَلَيْهِ ثَلَاثٌ حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى: أَنَّهُ رَأَى فِي الْمَنَامِ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً وَقَفَتْ عَلَيْهِ، وَأَخَذَتْ كَفَّ تُرَابٍ وَقَالَتْ: هَذِهِ تُرْبَتُكَ عَنْ قَلِيلٍ. فَأَصْبَحَ فَزِعًا، فَقَصَّ رُؤْيَاهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ: وَمَا فِي هَذَا ؟ قَدْ يَرَى النَّائِمُ أَغْلَظَ مِنْ هَذَا. فَبَيْنَا هُوَ يَوْمًا يَسِيرُ إِذْ نَظَرَ إِلَى امْرَأَةٍ فَقَالَ: هَذِهِ وَاللَّهِ الْمَرْأَةُ الَّتِي رَأَيْتُهَا فِي مَنَامِي، وَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتهَا بَيْنَ أَلْفِ امْرَأَةٍ مَا خَفِيَتْ عَلَيَّ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَأْخُذَ كَفًّا مِنْ تُرَابٍ فَتُنَاوِلَهُ، فَضَرَبَتْ بِيَدِهَا الْأَرْضَ، وَنَاوَلَتْهُ، فَقَالَ: هَذِهِ وَاللَّهِ التُّرْبَةُ الَّتِي رَأَيْتُهَا، وَهَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةُ بِعَيْنِهَا. وَكَانَ إِذْ مَاتَ هُنَاكَ. وَقَدْ أَمَرَ بِحَفْرِ قَبْرِهِ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ فِي الدَّارِ الَّتِي كَانَ فِيهَا، وَهِيَ دَارُ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِي غَانِمٍ الطَّائِيِّ، فَجَعَلَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى قَبْرِهِ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: ابْنَ آدَمَ تَصِيرُ إِلَى هَذَا ! ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِقُرَّاءٍ فَقَرَءُوا فِي الْقَبْرِ الْقُرْآنَ حَتَّى خَتَمُوهُ، وَهُوَ فِي مَحَفَّةٍ عَلَى شَفِيرِ الْقَبْرِ، وَلَمَّا حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ احْتَبَى بِمُلَاءَةٍ وَجَلَسَ يُقَاسِي سَكَرَاتِ الْمَوْتِ، وَكَانَتْ وَفَاتُهُ لَيْلَةَ السَّبْتِ، وَقِيلَ: لَيْلَةَ الْأَحَدِ. مُسْتَهَلَّ جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَتِسْعِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، عَنْ خَمْسٍ، وَقِيلَ: سَبْعٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً. فَكَانَ مُلْكُهُ ثَلَاثًا وَعِشْرِينَ سَنَةً.
Translation
✧ The death of al-Rashīd In the year one hundred and ninety-three, al-Rashīd died at the beginning of Jumādā al-Ākhirah, three nights having passed of it. His illness had become severe on the road at Jurjān, so he traveled to Ṭūs and died there. He had seen, while he was at al-Raqqah, a dream that terrified him, and that grieved him. Jibrīl b. Bakhtīshūʿ entered upon him and said: What is the matter with you, O Commander of the Faithful? He said: I saw as if a hand containing red soil came out from beneath this bed of mine, and a speaker saying: This is the soil of the Commander of the Faithful. Jibrīl made light of the matter to him and said: This is one of the confused dreams, and from the soul's talk, so forget it, O Commander of the Faithful. When he traveled intending Khurasan and passed by Ṭūs, and the illness seized him there, he remembered the dream he had seen; that alarmed him, and he became greatly agitated. The people entered upon him, and he said to Jibrīl: Woe to you! Do you not remember what I related to you about the dream? He said: Yes, O Commander of the Faithful, so what was it? He called Masrūr the servant and said: Bring me some of the soil of this land. He came to him with red soil in his hand. When he saw it, he said: By Allah, this is the hand I saw, and the soil that was in it. Jibrīl said: By Allah, three had not passed over him before he died, may Allah have mercy on him. In another narration: He saw in sleep that a woman stood before him, took a handful of soil, and said: This is your soil before long. He woke up alarmed and related his dream. His companions said to him: What is in this? A sleeper may see harsher than this. While he was traveling one day, he looked at a woman and said: By Allah, this is the woman I saw in my dream, and I saw her among a thousand women and she was not hidden from me. Then he ordered her to take a handful of soil and hand it to him. She struck the ground with her hand and handed it to him. He said: By Allah, this is the soil I saw, and this is the very woman. He died there. He had ordered his grave to be dug before his death in the house where he was, which was the house of Ḥumayd b. Abī Ghānim al-Ṭāʾī. He began to look at his grave, saying: O son of Adam, you will come to this! Then he ordered reciters, and they recited the Qur'an in the grave until they completed it, while he was in a litter at the edge of the grave. When death came to him, he drew his knees up with a wrapper and sat enduring the agonies of death. His death was on Saturday night, and it was said: Sunday night, at the new moon of Jumādā al-Ākhirah in the year one hundred and ninety-three, at forty-five, and it was said: forty-seven years. His reign was twenty-three years.
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