Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3066
The year 191 AH
عَزْلِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ مَاهَانَ عَنْ خُرَاسَانَ وَوِلَايَةِ هَرْثَمَةَ وَفِي سنة إحدى وتسعين ومائة عَزَلَ الرَّشِيدُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ عِيسَى بْنِ مَاهَانَ عَنْ خُرَاسَانَ، وَكَانَ سَبَبَ ذَلِكَ مَا ذَكَرْنَاهُ مِنْ قَتْلِ ابْنِهِ عِيسَى، فَلَمَّا قُتِلَ جَزِعَ عَلَيْهِ أَبُوهُ، فَخَرَجَ عَنْ بَلْخَ إِلَى مَرْوَ مَخَافَةً عَلَيْهَا أَنْ يَسِيرَ إِلَيْهَا رَافِعُ بْنُ اللَّيْثِ لِيَأْخُذَهَا، وَكَانَ ابْنُهُ عِيسَى قَدْ دَفَنَ فِي بُسْتَانٍ فِي دَارِهِ بِبَلْخَ - أَمْوَالًا عَظِيمَةً، قِيلَ: كَانَتْ ثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفَ أَلْفٍ، وَلَمْ يَعْلَمْ بِهَا أَبُوهُ، وَلَمْ يُطْلِعْ عَلَيْهَا إِلَّا جَارِيَةً لَهُ، فَلَمَّا سَارَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى إِلَى مَرْوَ أَطْلَعَتِ الْجَارِيَةُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ بَعْضَ الْخَدَمِ، وَتَحَدَّثَ بِهِ النَّاسُ وَاجْتَمَعُوا، وَدَخَلُوا الْبُسْتَانَ، وَنَهَبُوا الْمَالَ، وَبَلَغَ الرَّشِيدَ الْخَبَرُ، فَقَالَ: خَرَجَ عَنْ بَلْخَ عَنْ غَيْرِ أَمْرِي، وَخَلَّفَ مِثْلَ هَذَا الْمَالِ، وَهُوَ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ بَاعَ حُلِىَّ نِسَائِهِ فِيمَا أَنْفَقَ عَلَى مُحَارَبَةِ رَافِعٍ ! فَعَزَلَهُ وَاسْتَعْمَلَ هَرْثَمَةَ بْنَ أَعْيَنَ. وَكَانَ قَدْ نَقَمَ الرَّشِيدُ عَلَيْهِ مَا كَانَ يَبْلُغُهُ مِنْ سُوءِ سِيرَتِهِ وَإِهَانَتِهِ أَعْيَانَ النَّاسِ وَاسْتِخْفَافِهِ بِهِمْ، فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمًا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُصْعَبٍ وَالِدُ طَاهِرِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، وَهِشَامُ بْنُ فَرَّخِسْرَوَ، فَسَلَّمَا عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ لِلْحُسَيْنِ: لَا سَلَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ يَا مُلْحِدُ يَا بْنَ الْمُلْحِدِ، وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَعْرِفُ مَا أَنْتَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ عَدَاوَةِ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَالطَّعْنِ فِي الدِّينِ، وَلَمْ أَنْتَظِرْ بِقَتْلِكَ إِلَّا أَمْرَ الْخَلِيفَةِ، أَلَسْتَ الْمُرْجِفَ بِي فِي مَنْزِلِي هَذَا بَعْدَ أَنْ ثَمِلْتَ مِنَ الْخَمْرِ، وَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّكَ جَاءَتْكَ كُتُبٌ مِنْ بَغْدَاذَ بِعَزْلِي ؟ اخْرُجْ إِلَى سَخَطِ اللَّهِ، لَعَنَكَ اللَّهُ، فَعَنْ قَرِيبٍ مَا يَكُونُ مِنْهَا. فَاعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَلَمْ يَقْبَلْ عُذْرَهُ، وَأَمَرَ بِإِخْرَاجِهِ فَأُخْرِجَ. وَقَالَ لِهِشَامِ بْنِ فَرَّخُسْرَوَ: صَارَتْ دَارُكَ دَارَ النَّدْوَةِ، يَجْتَمِعُ إِلَيْكَ السُّفَهَاءُ تَطْعَنُ عَلَى الْوُلَاةِ، سَفَكَ اللَّهُ دَمِي إِنْ لَمْ أَسْفِكْ دَمَكَ ! فَاعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَلَمْ يَعْذِرْهُ، فَأَخْرَجَهُ. فَأَمَّا الْحُسَيْنُ فَسَارَ إِلَى الرَّشِيدِ فَاسْتَجَارَ بِهِ وَشَكَا إِلَيْهِ، فَأَجَارَهُ، وَأَمَّا هِشَامٌ فَإِنَّهُ قَالَ لِبِنْتٍ لَهُ: إِنِّي أَخَافُ الْأَمِيرَ عَلَى دَمِي، وَأَنَا مُفْضٍ إِلَيْكِ بِأَمْرٍ إِنْ أَنْتِ أَظْهَرْتِهِ قُتِلْتُ، وَإِنْ أَنْتِ كَتَمْتِهِ سَلِمْتُ. قَالَتْ: وَمَا هُوَ ؟ قَالَ: قَدْ عَزَمْتُ عَلَى أَنْ أُظْهِرَ أَنَّ الْفَالِجَ قَدْ أَصَابَنِي، فَإِذَا كَانَ فِي السَّحَرِ، فَاجْمَعِي جَوَارِيَكِ، وَاقْصُدِي فِرَاشِي وَحَرِّكِينِي، فَإِذَا رَأَيْتِ حَرَكَتِي ثَقُلَتْ فَصِيحِي أَنْتِ وَجَوَارِيكِ، وَاجْمَعِي إِخْوَتَكِ فَأَعْلِمِيهِمْ عِلَّتِي. فَفَعَلَتْ مَا أَمَرَهَا، وَكَانَتْ عَاقِلَةً، فَأَقَامَ مَطْرُوحًا عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ حِينًا لَا يَتَحَرَّكُ إِلَى أَنْ جَاءَ هَرْثَمَةُ وَالِيًا، فَرَكِبَ إِلَى لِقَائِهِ، فَرَآهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ مَاهَانَ، فَقَالَ: إِلَى أَيْنَ ؟ فَقَالَ: أَتَلَقَّى الْأَمِيرَ أَبَا حَاتِمٍ. قَالَ: أَلَمْ تَكُنْ عَلِيلًا ؟ فَقَالَ: وَهَبَ اللَّهُ الْعَافِيَةَ، وَعَزَلَ الطَّاغِيَةَ، فِي لَيْلَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ، فَعَلَى هَذَا تَكُونُ وِلَايَةُ هَرْثَمَةَ ظَاهِرَةً. وَقِيلَ: بَلْ كَانَتْ وِلَايَتُهُ سِرًّا، لَمْ يُطْلِعِ الرَّشِيدُ عَلَيْهَا أَحَدًا، فَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ لَمَّا أَرَادَ عَزْلَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ عِيسَى اسْتَدْعَى هَرْثَمَةَ، وَأَسَرَّ إِلَيْهِ ذَلِكَ، وَقَالَ لَهُ: إِنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ عِيسَى قَدْ كَتَبَ يَسْتَمِدُّنِي بِالْعَسَاكِرِ وَالْأَمْوَالِ، فَأَظْهِرْ لِلنَّاسِ أَنَّكَ تَسِيرُ إِلَيْهِ نَجْدَةً لَهُ. وَكَتَبَ لَهُ الرَّشِيدُ كِتَابًا بِوِلَايَتِهِ بِخَطِّ يَدِهِ، وَأَمَرَ كُتَّابَهُ أَنْ يَكْتُبُوا لَهُ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى بِأَنَّهُ قَدْ سَيَّرَ هَرْثَمَةَ نَجْدَةً لَهُ. فَسَارَ هَرْثَمَةُ وَلَا يَعْلَمُ بِأَمْرِهِ أَحَدٌ، حَتَّى وَرَدَ نَيْسَابُورَ، فَلَمَّا وَرَدَهَا اسْتَعْمَلَ أَصْحَابَهُ عَلَى كُوَرِهَا، وَسَارَ مُجِدًّا يَسْبِقُ الْخَبَرَ، فَأَتَى مَرْوَ وَالْتَقَاهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى، فَاحْتَرَمَهُ هَرْثَمَةُ وَعَظَّمَهُ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْبَلَدَ، ثُمَّ قَبَضَ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى أَهْلِهِ وَأَصْحَابِهِ وَأَتْبَاعِهِ، وَأَخَذَ أَمْوَالَهُ فَبَلَغَتْ ثَمَانِينَ أَلْفَ ( أَلْفٍ )، ( وَكَانَتْ خَزَائِنُهُ وَأَثَاثُهُ عَلَى ) أَلْفٍ وَخَمْسِمِائَةِ بَعِيرٍ، فَأَخَذَ الرَّشِيدُ ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ. وَكَانَ وُصُولُ هَرْثَمَةَ إِلَى خُرَاسَانَ سَنَةَ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَتِسْعِينَ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ هَرْثَمَةُ مِنْ أَخْذِ أَمْوَالِهِمْ أَقَامَهُمْ لِمُطَالَبَةِ النَّاسِ، وَكَتَبَ إِلَى الرَّشِيدِ بِذَلِكَ، وَسَيَّرَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ عِيسَى إِلَيْهِ عَلَى بَعِيرٍ بِغَيْرِ وِطَاءٍ وَلَا غِطَاءٍ.
Translation
✧ The dismissal of ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā b. Māhān from Khurāsān and the appointment of Harthama In the year one hundred and ninety-one, al-Rashīd dismissed ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā b. Māhān from Khurāsān. The reason for that was what we have mentioned regarding the killing of his son ʿĪsā. When he was killed, his father grieved for him and left Balkh for Marw, fearing for it lest Rāfiʿ b. al-Layth march against it to seize it. His son ʿĪsā had buried in a garden in his house in Balkh — enormous sums of money. It was said: thirty thousand thousand, and his father did not know of it, and no one was informed of it except a slave girl of his. When ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā traveled to Marw, the slave girl informed some of the servants of that, and the people talked about it and gathered, entered the garden, and plundered the money. The news reached al-Rashīd, and he said: "He left Balkh without my command and left behind such wealth, while he claims that he sold his women's jewelry for what he spent on fighting Rāfiʿ!" So he dismissed him and appointed Harthama b. Aʿyan. Al-Rashīd had already been resentful toward him because of what reached him of his bad conduct, his humiliation of the notables of the people, and his contempt for them. Among that was that one day al-Ḥusayn b. Muṣʿab, the father of Ṭāhir b. al-Ḥusayn, and Hishām b. Farrukhsraw entered upon him and greeted him. He said to al-Ḥusayn: "May God not greet you, O heretic, son of a heretic! By God, I know what you are upon of enmity to Islam and slander against the religion. I have only delayed killing you awaiting the caliph's command. Are you not the one who spreads false rumors about me in this house of mine after you were drunk with wine, claiming that letters came to you from Baghdād with my dismissal? Go out to God's wrath, may God curse you; soon what is from it will be." He excused himself to him, but he did not accept his excuse, and he ordered him to be expelled, so he was expelled. He said to Hishām b. Farrukhsraw: "Your house has become the house of assembly (dār al-nadwa); the fools gather to you to slander the governors. May God shed my blood if I do not shed your blood!" He excused himself to him, but he did not excuse him, and he expelled him. As for al-Ḥusayn, he traveled to al-Rashīd and sought his protection and complained to him, so he granted him protection. As for Hishām, he said to a daughter of his: "I fear the emir for my blood, and I am confiding to you a matter; if you reveal it, I will be killed, and if you conceal it, I will be safe." She said: "What is it?" He said: "I have resolved to pretend that paralysis has afflicted me. When it is before dawn, gather your slave girls and come to my bed and move me. If you see that my movement is heavy, cry out, you and your slave girls, and gather your brothers and inform them of my illness." She did what he commanded her, and she was intelligent. He remained thrown on his bed for a while, not moving, until Harthama came as governor. Then he rode to meet him, and ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā b. Māhān saw him and said: "Where to?" He said: "I am going to meet the emir Abū Ḥātim." He said: "Were you not ill?" He said: "God granted recovery and dismissed the tyrant in one night." Thus the appointment of Harthama was apparent. It was said: Rather, his appointment was secret; al-Rashīd did not inform anyone of it. It was said: When he wanted to dismiss ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā, he summoned Harthama and confided that to him, saying to him: "ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā has written asking me for reinforcement with armies and funds, so show the people that you are going to him as reinforcement for him." Al-Rashīd wrote for him a letter of his appointment in his own handwriting, and he ordered his secretaries to write for him to ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā that he had sent Harthama as reinforcement for him. Harthama set out while no one knew of his affair, until he arrived at Naysābūr. When he arrived there, he appointed his companions over its districts, and he traveled in haste, outpacing the news. He came to Marw, and ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā met him. Harthama treated him with respect and honor until he entered the city; then he seized him, his family, his companions, and his followers, and took his wealth, which amounted to eighty thousand thousand, and his treasures and furnishings were on one thousand five hundred camels. Al-Rashīd took all of that. Harthama's arrival in Khurāsān was in the year one hundred and ninety-two. When Harthama finished taking their wealth, he set them up to demand from the people, and he wrote to al-Rashīd about that, and he sent ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā to him on a camel without saddle or covering.
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No grade is recorded for this wording.