Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3055
The year 190 AH
خَلْعِ رَافِعِ بْنِ اللَّيْثِ بْنِ نَصْرِ بْنِ سَيَّارٍ وفي سَنَةُ تِسْعِينَ وَمِائَةٍ كان خُرُوجُ رَافِعِ بْنِ اللَّيْثِ بْنِ نَصْرِ بْنِ سَيَّارٍ بِسَمَرْقَنْدَ مُخَالِفًا لِهَارُونَ، وَخَلْعُهُ إِيَّاهُ، وَنَزْعُهُ يَدَهُ مِنْ طَاعَتِهِ. وَكَانَ سَبَبُ ذَلِكَ: أَنَّ يَحْيَى بْنَ الْأَشْعَثِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الطَّائِيَّ تَزَوَّجَ بِنْتًا لِعَمِّهِ أَبِي النُّعْمَانِ، وَكَانَتْ ذَاتَ يَسَارٍ، فَأَقَامَ بِمَدِينَةِ السَّلَامِ وَتَرَكَهَا بِسَمَرْقَنْدَ، فَلَمَّا طَالَ مُقَامُهُ بِهَا، وَبَلَغَهَا أَنَّهُ قَدِ اتَّخَذَ أُمَّهَاتِ أَوْلَادٍ، الْتَمَسَتْ سَبَبًا لِلتَّخَلُّصِ مِنْهُ، وَبَلَغَ رَافِعًا خَبَرُهَا، فَطَمِعَ فِيهَا وَفِي مَالِهَا، فَدَسَّ إِلَيْهَا مَنْ قَالَ لَهَا: إِنَّهُ لَا سَبِيلَ [لَهَا ] إِلَى التَّخَلُّصِ مِنْ صَاحِبِهَا إِلَّا أَنْ تُشْرِكَ بِاللَّهِ، وَتُحْضِرَ لِذَلِكَ قَوْمًا عُدُولًا، وَتَكْشِفَ شَعْرَهَا بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ ثُمَّ تَتُوبَ، فَتَحِلَّ لِلْأَزْوَاجِ، فَفَعَلَتْ ذَلِكَ وَتَزَوَّجَهَا رَافِعٌ. وَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ يَحْيَى بْنَ الْأَشْعَثِ، فَرَفَعَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى الرَّشِيدِ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى يَأْمُرُهُ أَنْ يُفَرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا، وَأَنْ يَجْلِدَ رَافِعًا الْحَدَّ، وَيُقَيِّدَهُ وَيُطِيفَ بِهِ فِي مَدِينَةِ سَمَرْقَنْدَ مُقَيَّدًا عَلَى حِمَارٍ، حَتَّى يَكُونَ عِظَةً لِمَنْ يَرَاهُ، فَدَرَأَ عَنْهُ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ الْحَدَّ، وَحَمَلَهُ عَلَى حِمَارٍ مُقَيَّدًا حَتَّى طَلَّقَهَا، ثُمَّ حَبَسَهُ، فَهَرَبَ مِنَ الْحَبْسِ لَيْلًا، فَلَحِقَ بِعَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى بِبَلْخَ، فَطَلَبَ الْأَمَانَ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ [عَلِيٌّ إِلَيْهِ ]، وَهَمَّ بِضَرْبِ عُنُقِهِ، فَكَلَّمَهُ فِيهِ ابْنُهُ عِيسَى بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، فَأَذِنَ لَهُ فِي الِانْصِرَافِ إِلَى سَمَرْقَنْدَ، فَوَثَبَ بِسُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَامِلِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى فَقَتَلَهُ، فَوَجَّهَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى ابْنَهُ، فَمَالَ النَّاسُ إِلَى سِبَاعِ بْنِ مَسْعَدَةَ، فَرَأَّسُوهُ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَوَثَبَ عَلَى رَافِعٍ فَقَيَّدَهُ، فَوَثَبَ بِسِبَاعٍ، فَقَيَّدُوهُ وَرَأَسُوا رَافِعًا وَبَايَعُوهُ، وَطَابَقَهُ مِنْ وَرَاءِ النَّهْرِ، وَوَافَاهُ عِيسَى بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، [فَلَقِيَهُ رَافِعٌ فَهَزَمَهُ، فَأَخَذَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ ] عِيسَى فِي فَرْضِ الرِّجَالِ، وَالتَّأَهُّبِ لِلْحَرْبِ.
Translation
✧ The deposition of Rāfiʿ b. al-Layth b. Naṣr b. Sayyār In the year one hundred and ninety AH occurred the rising of Rāfiʿ b. al-Layth b. Naṣr b. Sayyār at Samarqand in opposition to Hārūn, his deposition of him, and his withdrawal of his hand from obedience to him. The cause of that was: Yaḥyā b. al-Ashʿath b. Yaḥyā al-Ṭāʾī married a daughter of his paternal uncle Abū al-Nuʿmān, and she was a woman of means. He resided in the City of Peace (Baghdad) and left her at Samarqand. When his stay there grew long, and she learned that he had taken umm walads (slave concubines who bore him children), she sought a means to be free of him. News of her reached Rāfiʿ, and he coveted her and her wealth. He secretly sent to her someone who told her: "There is no way for you to be free of your husband unless you associate partners with Allah, bring upright witnesses for that, uncover your hair before them, and then repent, so that you become lawful for [other] husbands." So she did that, and Rāfiʿ married her. This reached Yaḥyā b. al-Ashʿath, and he brought it before al-Rashīd. He wrote to ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā commanding him to separate the two of them, to flog Rāfiʿ the prescribed punishment, to fetter him, and to parade him about the city of Samarqand in fetters on a donkey, so that he might be an admonition to whoever saw him. Sulaymān b. Ḥumayd averted the prescribed punishment from him, and he was carried on a donkey in fetters until he divorced her. Then he was imprisoned. He escaped from prison at night and joined ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā at Balkh. He sought a guarantee of safety, but ʿAlī did not grant it to him, and he resolved to strike his neck. His son ʿĪsā b. ʿAlī spoke to him about him, and he permitted him to return to Samarqand. Then he leaped upon Sulaymān b. Ḥumayd, the agent of ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā, and killed him. ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā sent his son, and the people inclined to Sibāʿ b. Masʿada and made him their leader. He leaped upon Rāfiʿ and fettered him. Then they leaped upon Sibāʿ, fettered him, made Rāfiʿ their leader, and gave him allegiance. Those beyond the river agreed with him, and ʿĪsā b. ʿAlī came to meet him. Rāfiʿ met him and routed him, and ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā began levying men and preparing for war.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.