Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3008
The year 179 AH
مَنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ مِنَ الْأَكَابِرِ السَّيِّدُ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ السَّيِّدُ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ الشَّاعِرُ الرَّافِضِيُّ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ، أَبُو هَاشِمٍ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ الْمُلَقَّبُ بِالسَّيِّدِ، كَانَ مِنَ الشُّعَرَاءِ الْمَشْهُورِينَ، وَالْمُبَرَّزِينَ فِي هَذِهِ الصِّنَاعَةِ الْمُفَوَّهِينَ، وَلَكِنَّهُ كَانَ رَافِضِيًّا خَبِيثًا، وَشِيعِيًّا غَثِيثًا، كَانَ مِمَّنْ يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ، وَيَقُولُ بِالرَّجْعَةِ، أَيْ بِالدَّوْرِ. قَالَ يَوْمًا لِرَجُلٍ: أَقْرِضْنِي دِينَارًا، وَلَكَ عِنْدِي مِائَةُ دِينَارٍ إِذَا عُدْنَا إِلَى الدُّنْيَا. فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ: إِنِّي أَخْشَى أَنْ تَعُودَ كَلْبًا أَوْ خِنْزِيرًا، فَيَذْهَبُ مَالِي. وَكَانَ، قَبَّحَهُ اللَّهُ، يَسُبُّ الصَّحَابَةَ فِي شِعْرِهِ وَيَشْتُمُ الْخِيَرَةَ. قَالَ الْأَصْمَعِيُّ: وَلَوْلَا ذَلِكَ مَا قَدَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدًا فِي طَبَقَتِهِ. وَلَا سِيَّمَا الشَّيْخَيْنِ وَابْنَيْهِمَا، ؓ، وَلَعَنَهُ وَأَسْحَقُهُ وَأَبْعَدَهُ. وَكَانَ يَقُولُ بِإِمَامَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ، وَيَقُولُ: إِنَّهُ مُقِيمٌ بِجَبَلِ رَضْوَى، وَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَمُتْ. وَمِنْ شَعْرِهِ فِي ذَلِكَ: أَلَا قُلْ لِلْوَصِيِّ فَدَتْكَ نَفْسِي أَطَلَّتْ بِذَلِكَ الْجَبَلُ الْمُقَامَا أَضَرَّ بِمَعْشَرٍ وَالُوكَ مِنَّا وَسُمُّوكَ الْخَلِيفَةَ وَالْإِمَامَا وَعَادُوا فِيكَ أَهْلَ الْأَرْضِ طُرًّا مُقَامُكَ فِيهِمْ سِتِّينَ عَامًا وَمَا ذَاقَ ابْنُ خَوْلَةَ طَعْمَ مَوْتٍ وَلَا وَارَتْ لَنَا أَرْضٌ عِظَامًا لَقَدْ أَمْسَى بِمُورَقِ شِعْبِ رَضْوَى تُرَاجِعُهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ الْكَلَامَا هَدَانَا اللَّهُ إِذْ حِرْتُمْ لِأَمْرٍ بِهِ وَارِثُهُ يَلْتَمِسُ الْتِمَامًا تَمَامَ مَوَدَّةِ الْمَهْدِيِّ حَتَّى تَرَوْا آيَاتِنَا تَتْرَى نِظَامًا وَذَكَرَ الْقَاضِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الطَّيِّبِ قَالَ: كَانَ السَّيِّدُ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ جَهَنَّمَ بِحَضْرَمَوْتَ وَبِوَادِي بَرْهُوتَ. وَقَالَ فِي أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ ؓ يَصِفُ عَدَاءَهُمَا عِنْدَهُ: أَمْسَتْ عِظَامُهُمَا بِطَيْبَةَ لِلْبِلَى وَبِحَضْرَمَوْتَ شَرُّهَا رُوحَاهُمَا وَقَالَ فِي ذَمِّ سَيِّدَتِنَا عَائِشَةَ ؓ: أَعَائِشُ إِنَّكِ فِي الْمُحْدَثَاتِ وَفِي الْمُحْدَثِينَ بِوَادِي الْيَمَنِ بِبَرْهُوتَ تُسْقَيْنَ مِنْ مَائِهَا شَرَابًا كَرِيهًا شَدِيدَ الْأَسَنْ قَالَ: وَكَانَ شَدِيدَ اللَّهَجِ بِسَبِّ سَيِّدَتِنَا عَائِشَةَ وَسَيِّدَتِنَا حَفْصَةَ ؓ، وَقَالَ فِي ذَلِكَ: جَاءَتْ مَعَ الْأَشَقِّينَ فِي هَوْدَجٍ تُزْجِي إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ أَجْنَادَهَا كَأَنَّهَا فِي فِعْلِهَا حَيَّةٌ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَأْكُلَ أَوْلَادَهَا قَالَ: وَكَانَ يَقْصِدُ قَذْفَ حُرَمِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْعَظَائِمِ. ذَكَرَ أَبُو الْفَرَجِ الْأَصْفَهَانِيُّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ - يَعْنِي [فِي - ] عَائِشَةَ وَحَفْصَةَ: إِحْدَاهُمَا نَمَّتْ عَلَيْهِ حَدِيثَهُ وَبَغَتْ عَلَيْهِ بَغْيَةً إِحْدَاهُمَا فَهُمَا اللَّتَانِ سَمِعَتْ رَبَّ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي الذِّكْرِ قَصَّ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ نَبَاهُمَا [قَالَ الْمُصَنِّفُ ]: وَإِنَّمَا يَذْكُرُ الْعُلَمَاءُ ذَلِكَ لِتَعْرِفَ هَذَا اللَّعِينَ وَغَوْرَهُ فِي الْكُفْرِ. وَاخْتَلَفُوا أَيْنَ مَاتَ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ، فَقِيلَ: بِوَاسِطَ، أَخَذَهُ كَرْبٌ فَجَلَسَ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ هَذَا كَانَ جَزَائِي لِحُبِّ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، فَمَاتَ فَلَمْ يَدْفِنُوهُ لِكُفْرِهِ وَسَبِّهِ الصَّحَابَةَ ؓ. وَقِيلَ: بَلْ تُوُفِّيَ بِبَغْدَادَ، وَاسْوَدَّ وَجْهُهُ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ، فَأَفَاقَ مِنْ سَكْرَتِهِ وَفَتَحَ عَيْنَيْهِ وَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، تَفْعَلُ هَذَا لِوَلِيِّكَ ؟ قَالَهَا ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ وَمَاتَ، فَدُفِنَ بِالْحَدِيثَةِ بِبَغْدَادَ وَذَلِكَ فِي خِلَافَةِ الرَّشِيدِ. حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ وَفِيهَا تُوُفِّيَ حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ أَحَدُ أَئِمَّةِ الْحَدِيثِ. وَخَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الطَّحَّانُ، مِنْ سَادَاتِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَشَرَى نَفْسَهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ. مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ الْإِمَامُ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ غَيْمَانَ - بِالْغَيْنِ الْمُعْجَمَةِ بَعْدَهَا يَاءٌ مُثَنَّاةٌ مِنْ تَحْتِهَا - بْنِ جُثَيْلِ - بِالْجِيمِ بَعْدَهَا ثَاءٌ مُثَلَّثَةٌ - بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، وَهُوَ ذُو أَصْبَحَ. حُمِلَ بِمَالِكٍ ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ، وَكَانَ طِوَالًا عَظِيمَ الْهَامَةِ، أَصْلَعَ شَدِيدَ الْبَيَاضِ إِلَى الشُّقْرَةِ، أَبْيَضَ الرَّأْسِ وَاللِّحْيَةِ. رَأَى خَلْقًا مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ، وَرَوَى عَنْهُمْ، وَكَانَ ثِقَةً حُجَّةً، يَلْبَسُ الثِّيَابَ الْعَدَنِيَّةَ الْجِيَادَ، وَكَانَ نَقَشَ خَاتَمَهُ "حَسْبِيَ اللَّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ " فَقِيلَ لَهُ: لِمَ نَقَشْتَ هَذَا ؟ فَقَالَ: سَمِعْتُ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ عَقِبَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ فَانْقَلَبُوا بِنِعْمَةٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَفَضْلٍ لَمْ يَمْسَسْهُمْ سُوءٌ وَكَانَ إِذَا دَخَلَ بَيْتَهُ فَأَدْخَلَ رِجْلَهُ قَالَ: مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ، وَقَالَ: سَمِعْتُ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ: وَلَوْلا إِذْ دَخَلْتَ جَنَّتَكَ قُلْتَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ. وعن إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ مَعْنَ بْنَ عِيسَى يَقُولُ: كَانَ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ بِحَدِيثِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ اغْتَسَلَ وَتَبَخَّرَ وَتَطَيَّبَ، فَإِذَا رَفَعَ أَحَدٌ صَوْتَهُ عِنْدَهُ قَالَ: اغْضُضْ مِنْ صَوْتِكَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَرْفَعُوا أَصْوَاتَكُمْ فَوْقَ صَوْتِ النَّبِيِّ فَمَنْ رَفَعَ صَوْتَهُ عِنْدَ حَدِيثِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَكَأَنَّمَا رَفَعَ صَوْتَهُ فَوْقَ صَوْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. وعن أَبَا مُصْعَبٍ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ مَالِكَ بْنَ أَنَسٍ يَقُولُ: مَا أَفْتَيْتُ حَتَّى شَهِدَ لِي سَبْعُونَ أَنِّي أَهْلٌ لِذَلِكَ. وعَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ مَهْدِيٍّ يَقُولُ: سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ مَالِكًا عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَقَالَ: لَا أُحْسِنُهَا. فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: إِنِّي ضَرَبْتُ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ كَذَا وَكَذَا لِأَسْأَلَكَ عَنْهَا. فَقَالَ لَهُ مَالِكُ [ابْنُ أَنَسٍ ] إِذَا رَجَعْتَ إِلَى مَكَانِكَ وَمَوْضِعِكَ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ إِنِّي قَدْ قُلْتُ لَكَ لَا أُحْسِنُهَا. وعن نُعَيْمُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ يَقُولُ: مَا رَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا ارْتَفَعَ مِثْلَ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ مِنْ رَجُلٍ لَيْسَ لَهُ كَثِيرُ صَلَاةٍ وَلَا صِيَامٍ، إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ لَهُ سَرِيرَةٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ. وعن مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ قَالَ: لَمَّا دُعِيَ مَالِكٌ وَسُورٌ وَسُمِعَ مِنْهُ شَنِفَ النَّاسُ لَهُ وَحَسَدُوهُ، فَلَمَّا وَلِيَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الْمَدِينَةَ سَعَوْا بِهِ إِلَيْهِ، وَقَالُوا: إِنَّهُ لَا يَرَى أَيْمَانَ بَيْعَتِكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ، وَهُوَ يَأْخُذُ بِحَدِيثٍ رَوَاهُ عَنْ ثَابِتٍ عَنِ الْأَحْنَفِ، فِي طَلَاقِ الْمُكْرَهِ أَنَّهُ لَا يَجُوزُ، فَغَضِبَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، فَدَعَا بِمَالِكٍ، فَاحْتَجَّ عَلَيْهِ بِمَا رُقِيَ إِلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ جَرَّدَهُ وَمَدَّهُ وَضَرَبَهُ بِالسِّيَاطِ، وَمُدَّتْ يَدُهُ حَتَّى انْخَلَعَ كَتِفَاهُ، وَارْتُكِبَ مِنْهُ أَمْرٌ عَظِيمٌ، فَوَاللَّهِ مَا زَالَ بِمَالِكٍ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ رِفْعَةٍ عِنْدَ النَّاسِ، وَكَأَنَّمَا [كَانَتْ ] تِلْكَ السِّيَاطُ حُلِيًّا حُلِّيَ بِهَا. وَكَانَ يَشْهَدُ الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالْجَنَائِزَ وَالْجُمْعَةَ، وَيَعُودُ الْمَرْضَى، وَيَجْلِسُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ، وَيَجْتَمِعُ إِلَيْهِ أَصْحَابُهُ، ثُمَّ تَرَكَ الْجُلُوسَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ، وَكَانَ يُصَلِّي ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُ وَتَرَكَ شُهُودَ الْجَنَائِزِ، وَكَانَ يَأْتِي أَهْلَهَا فَيُعَزِّيهِمْ، ثُمَّ تَرَكَ ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ يَشْهَدُ الصَّلَوَاتِ فِي مَسْجِدٍ وَلَا الْجُمْعَةَ، وَلَا يَأْتِي أَحَدًا يُعَزِّيهِ، وَاحْتَمَلَ النَّاسُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ، وَمَاتَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَرُبَّمَا كُلِّمَ فِي ذَلِكَ فَيَقُولُ: لَيْسَ كُلُّ النَّاسِ يَقْدِرُ يَتَكَلَّمُ بِعُذْرِهِ. وَمُنْذُ خَرَجَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ [ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ ] حَسَنٍ بِالْمَدِينَةِ لَزِمَ مَالِكٌ بَيْتَهُ فَلَمْ يَخْرُجْ حَتَّى قُتِلَ مُحَمَّدٌ، وَكَانَ يَجْلِسُ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ عَلَى ضِجَاعٍ لَهُ وَنَمَارِقَ مَطْرُوحَةٍ يُمْنَةً وَيُسْرَةً فِي سَائِرِ الْبَيْتِ لِمَنْ يَأْتِيهِ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَالْأَنْصَارِ، وَكَانَ مَجْلِسُهُ مَجْلِسَ وَقَارٍ وَحِلْمٍ، وَكَانَ نَبِيلًا مَهِيبًا لَا يُسْتَفْهَمُ هَيْبَةً. قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ: وَحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍ قَالَ اشْتَكَى مَالِكٌ أَيَّامًا يَسِيرَةً، فَسَأَلْتُ بَعْضَ أَهْلِنَا عَمَّا قَالَ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ، فَقَالَ: تَشَهَّدَ ثُمَّ قَالَ: لِلَّهِ الأَمْرُ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَمِنْ بَعْدُ. وَتُوُفِّيَ فِي صَبِيحَةِ أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ مِنْ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ وَسَبْعِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، فِي خِلَافَةِ هَارُونَ، وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَالِي الْمَدِينَةِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَدُفِنَ بِالْبَقِيعِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ خَمْسٍ وَثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً، وَقِيلَ: تُوُفِّيَ فِي صَفَرٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ ؓ. وَفِيهَا تُوُفِّيَ مُسْلِمُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ الزِّنْجِيُّ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْفَقِيهُ الْمَكِّيُّ، وَصَحِبَهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ قَبْلَ مَالِكٍ، وَأَخَذَ عَنْهُ الْفِقْهَ، وَإِنَّمَا قِيلَ لَهُ الزِّنْجِيُّ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ أَبْيَضَ مُشْرَبًا بِحُمْرَةٍ. وَعَبَّادُ بْنُ عَبَّادِ بْنِ حَبِيبِ بْنِ الْمُهَلَّبِ بْنِ أَبِي صُفْرَةَ الْمُهَلَّبِيُّ الْبَصْرِيُّ، وَأَبُو الْأَحْوَصِ سَلَّامُ بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ الْحَنَفِيُّ خَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ خَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ . وَقِيلَ: أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الطَّحَّانُ، مَوْلَى مُزَيْنَةَ. مِنْ أَهْلِ وَاسِطَ، وُلِدَ سَنَةَ عَشْرٍ وَمِائَةٍ، وَسَمِعَ يُونُسَ بْنَ عُبَيْدٍ، وَابْنَ عَوْنٍ، وَغَيْرَهُمَا. رَوَى عَنْهُ: وَكِيعٌ، وَابْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، وَعَفَّانُ بْنُ مُسَدِّدٍ، وَكَانَ ثِقَةً صَالِحًا. قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ الْأَزْرَقُ: مَا أَدْرَكْتُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ خَالِدٍ. قِيلَ: قَدْ رَأَيْتُ سُفْيَانَ فَقَالَ: كَانَ سُفْيَانُ رَجُلَ نَفْسِهِ، وَكَانَ خَالِدُ رَجُلَ عَامَّةٍ. وعن أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ الْحَافِظُ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ الطَّبَرَانِيَّ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ يَقُولُ: قَالَ أَبِي: كَانَ خَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْوَاسِطِيُّ مِنْ أَفَاضِلِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ اشْتَرَى نَفْسَهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ فَتَصَدَّقَ بِوَزْنِ نَفْسِهِ فِضَّةً أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ. تُوُفِّيَ فِي رَجَبِ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَقِيلَ: فِي سَنَةِ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَثَمَانِينَ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى.
Translation
✧ Those of the notables who died in this year Al-Sayyid al-Ḥimyarī Al-Sayyid al-Ḥimyarī, the Rāfiḍī poet Ismāʿīl b. Muḥammad b. Yazīd b. Rabīʿa, Abū Hāshim al-Ḥimyarī, known as al-Sayyid. He was among the famous poets and the outstanding, eloquent ones in this craft, but he was a vile Rāfiḍī and a loathsome Shīʿī. He was one of those who drank wine and believed in rajʿa (return), that is, in cycles of transmigration. One day he said to a man: “Lend me one dinar, and you will have a hundred dinars from me when we return to this world.” The man said: “I fear you may return as a dog or a pig, and my money would be lost.” He, may God disfigure him, used to revile the Companions in his poetry and insult the best of them. Al-Aṣmaʿī said: “Were it not for that, I would not have placed anyone of his generation ahead of him — especially the two Shaykhs and their two sons [Abū Bakr, ʿUmar, and ʿĀʾisha and Ḥafṣa] ؓ — and may He curse him and crush him and banish him.” He professed the Imamate of Muḥammad b. al-Ḥanafiyya and said that he was residing on Mount Raḍwā and had not died. Among his poetry on that: Alā qul li-l-waṣiyyi fadatka nafsī aṭallat bi-dhālika l-jabalu l-muqāmā Aḍarra bi-maʿsharin wālūka minnā wa-sammūka l-khalīfata wa-l-imāmā Wa-ʿādū fīka ahla l-arḍi ṭurran muqāmuka fīhim sittīna ʿāmā Wa-mā dhāqa bnu Khawla ṭaʿma mawtin wa-lā wārat la-nā arḍun ʿiẓāmā La-qad amsā bi-Mūriq shiʿbi Raḍwā turājiʿuhu l-malāʾikatu l-kalāmā Hadānā llāhu idh ḥirtum li-amrin bi-hi wārithuhu yaltamisu l-timāmā Tamāma mawaddati l-Mahdiyyi ḥattā taraw āyātinā tatrā niẓāmā Say to the legatee, may my soul ransom you: the mountains have overlooked that place of staying. He harmed a group who turned to you from us, and called you the caliph and the imam. And all the people of the earth turned against you; your stay among them was sixty years. The son of Khawla tasted no death, nor did any earth hide bones from us. He has dwelled in the ravine of Raḍwā at Mūriq, while the angels return his speech. God guided us when you were perplexed about a matter; by him his heir seeks completion. The completion of the Mahdī's friendship, until you see our signs in succession, arranged. Al-Qāḍī Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. al-Ṭayyib mentioned and said: Al-Sayyid al-Ḥimyarī claimed that Hell is in Ḥaḍramawt, in the valley of Barhūt. He said concerning Abū Bakr and ʿUmar ؓ, describing their state as he saw it: Amsat ʿiẓāmuhumā bi-Ṭayba li-l-bilā wa-bi-Ḥaḍramawta sharruhā rūḥāhumā Their bones have become at Ṭayba subject to decay, and in Ḥaḍramawt the worst of it — their spirits. He said in disparagement of our mistress ʿĀʾisha ؓ: A-ʿĀʾishu innaki fī l-muḥdathāti wa-fī l-muḥdathīna bi-wādī l-Yaman Bi-Barhūta tusqayna min māʾihā sharāban karīhan shadīda l-asan O ʿĀʾisha, you are among the newly created things, and among the newly created ones in the valley of Yemen, at Barhūt, given to drink from its water a foul drink, intensely bitter. He said: He was intensely given to reviling our mistress ʿĀʾisha and our mistress Ḥafṣa ؓ, and he said about that: Jāʾat maʿa l-ashaqqayni fī hawdajin tuzjī ilā l-Baṣrati ajnādahā Ka-annahā fī fiʿlihā ḥayyatun turīdu an taʾkula awlādahā She came with the two most wretched ones in a howdah, driving her armies toward Basra, as if she in her action were a snake wanting to devour her children. He said: He used to aim at slandering the wives of the Messenger of God ﷺ with grave accusations. Abū al-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī mentioned that he said — meaning concerning ʿĀʾisha and Ḥafṣa: Iḥdāhumā nammat ʿalayhi ḥadīthahu wa-baghat ʿalayhi baghyatan iḥdāhumā Fa-humā llatāni samiʿat Rabbu Muḥammadin fī l-dhikri qaṣṣa ʿalā l-ʿibādi nabāhumā One of them tattled on him his secret, and one of them transgressed against him with a transgression; they are the two of whom the Lord of Muḥammad heard, and in the Remembrance He related their tale to the servants. [The compiler said]: The scholars mention this only so that you may know this accursed one and the depth of his disbelief. They differed as to where he died, may God curse him. It is said: at Wāsiṭ. Distress seized him, and he sat before his death and said: “O God, this was my reward for love of the family of Muḥammad.” Then he died, and they did not bury him because of his disbelief and his reviling of the Companions ؓ. It is also said: rather, he died in Baghdad, and his face turned black before his death. He recovered from his stupor, opened his eyes, and said: “O Commander of the Faithful, do you do this to your friend?” He said it three times, then died. He was buried in al-Ḥadītha in Baghdad, and that was during the caliphate of al-Rashīd. Ḥammād b. Zayd Ḥammād b. Zayd In this year died Ḥammād b. Zayd, one of the imams of hadith, and Khālid b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Ṭaḥḥān — one of the leaders of the Muslims — who purchased his life from God four times. Mālik b. Anas The Imam Mālik b. Anas b. Mālik b. ʿĀmir b. al-Ḥārith b. Ghaymān — with a dotted ghayn followed by a two-dotted yāʾ — b. Juthayl — with a jīm followed by a three-dotted thāʾ — b. ʿAmr b. al-Ḥārith, and he is Dhū Aṣbaḥ. His mother carried Mālik for three years. He was tall, large-headed, bald, extremely fair tending to blond, with a white head and beard. He saw a number of the Successors and narrated from them, and he was trustworthy and a proof. He wore fine ʿAdanī garments, and his signet ring was engraved: “God suffices me, and how excellent a Guardian is He.” He was asked: “Why did you engrave this?” He said: “I heard God say after this verse: ‘So they returned with favor from God and bounty, no harm having touched them’ (Q 3:174); and when he entered his house and put his foot inside he said: ‘What God wills,’ saying: ‘I heard God say: “If only, when you entered your garden, you had said: What God wills”’ (Q 18:39).” From Ibrāhīm b. al-Mundhir, who said: I heard Maʿn b. ʿĪsā say: When Mālik b. Anas wanted to narrate a hadith of the Messenger of God ﷺ, he performed the major ablution, burned incense, and perfumed himself. If anyone raised his voice in his presence, he said: “Lower your voice, for God, Mighty and Majestic, says: ‘O you who believe, do not raise your voices above the voice of the Prophet’ (Q 49:2). Whoever raises his voice during the hadith of the Prophet ﷺ, it is as if he raised his voice above the voice of the Messenger of God ﷺ.” From Abū Muṣʿab, who said: I heard Mālik b. Anas say: “I did not give legal opinions until seventy [scholars] testified that I was qualified for that.” From Abū ʿUbayda, who said: I heard Ibn Mahdī say: A man asked Mālik about a question, and he said: “I do not know it.” The man said: “I traveled to you from such-and-such a place to ask you about it.” Mālik [b. Anas] said to him: “When you return to your place and your location, tell them that I said to you: I do not know it.” From Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād, who said: I heard Ibn al-Mubārak say: “I have never seen a man elevated like Mālik b. Anas, who had neither much prayer nor much fasting, except that he must have a secret [merit] with God.” From Muḥammad b. ʿUmar, who said: When Mālik was called upon and asked, the people inclined to him and envied him. When Jaʿfar b. Sulaymān was made governor of Madinah, they denounced him to the governor, saying: “He does not consider the oaths of allegiance to you as valid, and he follows a hadith narrated from Thābit from al-Aḥnaf that the divorce of one under compulsion is not valid.” Jaʿfar b. Sulaymān became angry, summoned Mālik, argued against him with what had been reported to him, then stripped him, stretched him out, and beat him with whips. His arm was stretched until his shoulders were dislocated, and a great offense was committed against him. By God, Mālik only increased in standing among the people after that, and it was as if those whips were ornaments with which he was adorned. He used to attend the prayers, funerals, and Friday prayer, visit the sick, sit in the mosque, and his companions gathered around him. Then he stopped sitting in the mosque and would pray and then leave. He stopped attending funerals, but he would go to the families and offer condolences. Then he abandoned all of that: he no longer attended prayers in the mosque or Friday prayer, nor did he go to anyone to offer condolences. The people bore that for him, and he died in that state. Sometimes he was spoken to about it, and he would say: “Not everyone is able to speak of his excuse.” Since Muḥammad b. [ʿAbd Allāh b.] Ḥasan came out in Madinah, Mālik kept to his house and did not go out until Muḥammad was killed. He used to sit in his house on a couch of his with cushions placed to the right and left throughout the house for those who came to him from Quraysh and the Anṣār. His gathering was one of dignity and forbearance, and he was noble and awe-inspiring; no one would ask him to repeat out of awe. Muḥammad b. Saʿd said: Ibn Abī Uways narrated to us: Mālik fell ill for a few days. I asked some of our family what he said at death. He said: “He uttered the testimony of faith, then said: ‘To God belongs the command before and after’ (cf. Q 30:4).” He died on the morning of the fourteenth of Rabīʿ al-Awwal in the year 179 AH, during the caliphate of Hārūn. The governor of Madinah, ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. Ibrāhīm, prayed over him, and he was buried in al-Baqīʿ at the age of eighty-five. It is also said: he died in Ṣafar of this year ؓ. In this year died Muslim b. Khālid al-Zinjī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh, the Makkan jurist. Al-Shāfiʿī accompanied him before Mālik and took jurisprudence from him. He was called al-Zinjī because he was fair with a redness in his complexion. And ʿAbbād b. ʿAbbād b. Ḥabīb b. al-Muhallab b. Abī Ṣufra al-Muhallabī al-Baṣrī, and Abū al-Aḥwaṣ Sallām b. Sulaym al-Ḥanafī. Khālid b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, Abū al-Haytham Khālid b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, Abū al-Haytham. It is also said: Abū Aḥmad al-Ṭaḥḥān, client of Muzayna. He was from the people of Wāsiṭ. He was born in the year 110 AH and heard from Yūnus b. ʿUbayd, Ibn ʿAwn, and others. Those who narrated from him include Wakīʿ, Ibn Mahdī, and ʿAffān b. Musaddad. He was trustworthy and righteous. Isḥāq al-Azraq said: “I have not met anyone better than Khālid.” It was said: “You have seen Sufyān.” He said: “Sufyān was a man of himself, but Khālid was a man of the common people.” From Abū Nuʿaym al-Ḥāfiẓ, who said: I heard al-Ṭabarānī say: I heard ʿAbd Allāh b. Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal say: My father said: “Khālid b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Wāsiṭī was among the most excellent of the Muslims. He purchased his life from God four times and gave in charity the weight of his person in silver four times.” He died in Rajab of this year; it is also said: in the year 182 AH. May God Almighty have mercy on him.
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