Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2994
The year 177 AH
اسْتِعْمَالِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ رَوْحِ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ عَلَى إِفْرِيقِيَّةَ وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَهِيَ سَنَةُ سَبْعٍ وَسَبْعِينَ، اسْتَعْمَلَ الرَّشِيدُ عَلَى إِفْرِيقِيَّةَ الْفَضْلَ بْنَ رَوْحِ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ، وَكَانَ الرَّشِيدُ لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَوْحٌ اسْتَعْمَلَ بَعْدَهُ حَبِيبَ بْنَ نَصْرٍ الْمُهَلَّبِيَّ، فَسَارَ الْفَضْلُ إِلَى بَابِ الرَّشِيدِ، وَخَطَبَ وِلَايَةَ إِفْرِيقِيَّةَ، فَوَلَّاهُ، فَعَادَ إِلَيْهَا، فَقَدِمَ فِي الْمُحَرَّمِ سَنَةَ سَبْعٍ وَسَبْعِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، فَاسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَى مَدِينَةِ تُونِسَ ابْنَ أَخِيهِ الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ بِشْرِ بْنِ رَوْحٍ، وَكَانَ غَارًّا، فَاسْتَخَفَّ بِالْجُنْدِ. وَكَانَ الْفَضْلُ أَيْضًا قَدْ أَوْحَشَهُمْ، وَأَسَاءَ السِّيرَةَ مَعَهُمْ، بِسَبَبِ مَيْلِهِمْ إِلَى نَصْرِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ الْوَالِي قَبْلَهُ، فَاجْتَمَعَ مَنْ بِتُونِسَ، وَكَتَبُوا إِلَى الْفَضْلِ يَسْتَعْفُونَ مِنِ ابْنِ أَخِيهِ، فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُمْ عَنْ كِتَابِهِمْ، فَاجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى تَرْكِ طَاعَتِهِ. فَقَالَ لَهُمْ قَائِدٌ مِنَ الْخُرَاسَانِيَّةِ يُقَالُ لَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْفَارِسِيِّ: كُلُّ جَمَاعَةٍ لَا رَئِيسَ لَهَا فَهِيَ إِلَى الْهَلَاكِ أَقْرَبُ، فَانْظُرُوا رُجَلًا يُدَبِّرُ أَمْرَكُمْ. قَالُوا: صَدَقْتَ، فَاتَّفَقُوا عَلَى تَقْدِيمِ قَائِدٍ مِنْهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْجَارُودِ، يُعْرَفُ بِعَبْدَوَيْهِ الْأَنْبَارِيِّ، فَقَدَّمُوهُ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَبَايَعُوهُ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ، وَأَخْرَجُوا الْمُغِيرَةَ عَنْهُمْ، وَكَتَبُوا إِلَى الْفَضْلِ يَقُولُونَ: إِنَّا لَمْ نُخْرِجْ يَدًا عَنْ طَاعَةٍ، وَلَكِنَّهُ أَسَاءَ السِّيرَةَ، فَأَخْرَجْنَاهُ، فَوَلِّ عَلَيْنَا مَنْ نَرْضَاهُ. فَاسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَيْهِمُ ابْنَ عَمِّهِ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ يَزِيدَ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ وَسَيَّرَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ. فَلَمَّا كَانَ عَلَى مَرْحَلَةٍ مِنْ تُونِسَ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ ابْنُ الْجَارُودِ جَمَاعَةً لِيَنْظُرُوا فِي أَيِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِمَ وَلَا يُحْدِثُوا حَدَثًا إِلَّا بِأَمْرِهِ، فَسَارُوا إِلَيْهِ، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ: إِنَّ الْفَضْلَ يَخْدَعُكُمْ بِوِلَايَةِ هَذَا، ثُمَّ يَنْتَقِمُ مِنْكُمْ بِإِخْرَاجِكُمْ أَخَاهُ. فَعَدَوْا عَلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ فَقَتَلُوهُ، وَأَخَذُوا مَنْ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْقُوَّادِ أُسَارَى، فَاضْطَرَّ حِينَئِذٍ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْجَارُودِ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ إِلَى الْقِيَامِ وَالْجِدِّ فِي إِزَالَةِ الْفَضْلِ. فَتَوَلَّى ابْنُ الْفَارِسِيِّ الْأَمْرَ، وَصَارَ يَكْتُبُ إِلَى كُلِّ قَائِدٍ بِإِفْرِيقِيَّةَ وَمُتَوَلِّي مَدِينَةٍ يَقُولُ لَهُ: إِنَّا نَظَرْنَا فِي صَنِيعِ الْفَضْلِ فِي بِلَادِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَسُوءِ سِيرَتِهِ، فَلَمْ يَسَعْنَا إِلَّا الْخُرُوجُ عَلَيْهِ لِنُخْرِجَهُ عَنَّا، ثُمَّ نَظَرْنَا فَلَمْ نَجِدْ أَحَدًا أَوْلَى بِنَصِيحَةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، لِبُعْدِ صَوْتِهِ وَعَطْفِهِ عَلَى جُنْدِهِ مِنْكَ، فَرَأَيْنَا أَنْ تُجْعَلَ نُفُوسُنَا دُونَكَ، فَإِنْ ظَفِرْنَا جَعَلْنَاكَ أَمِيرَنَا، وَكَتَبْنَا إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ نَسْأَلُهُ وِلَايَتَكَ، وَإِنْ كَانَتِ الْأُخْرَى فَلَمْ يَعْلَمْ أَحَدٌ أَنَّنَا أَرَدْنَاكَ، وَالسَّلَامُ. فَأَفْسَدَ بِهَذَا كَافَّةَ الْجُنْدِ عَلَى الْفَضْلِ، وَكَثُرَ الْجَمْعُ عِنْدَهُمْ، فَسَيَّرَ إِلَيْهِمُ الْفَضْلُ عَسْكَرًا كَثِيرًا، فَخَرَجُوا إِلَيْهِ، فَقَاتَلُوهُ، فَانْهَزَمَ عَسْكَرُهُ وَعَادَ إِلَى الْقَيْرَوَانِ مُنْهَزِمًا، وَتَبِعَهُمْ أَصْحَابُ ابْنِ الْجَارُودِ، فَحَاصَرُوا الْقَيْرَوَانَ يَوْمَهُمْ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ فَتَحَ أَهْلُ الْقَيْرَوَانِ الْأَبْوَابَ. وَدَخَلَ ابْنُ الْجَارُودِ وَعَسْكَرُهُ فِي جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ وَسَبْعِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، وَأَخْرَجَ الْفَضْلَ مِنَ الْقَيْرَوَانِ، وَوَكَّلَ بِهِ وَبِمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ أَنْ يُوصِلَهُمْ إِلَى قَابِسَ، فَسَارُوا يَوْمَهُمْ، ثُمَّ رَدَّهُمُ ابْنُ الْجَارُودِ، وَقَتَلَ الْفَضْلَ بْنَ رَوْحِ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ. فَلَمَّا قُتِلَ الْفَضْلُ غَضِبَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ الْجُنْدِ، وَاجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى قِتَالِ ابْنِ الْجَارُودِ، فَسَيَّرَ إِلَيْهِمْ عَسْكَرًا فَانْهَزَمَ عَسْكَرُهُ، وَعَادَ إِلَيْهِ بَعْدَ قِتَالٍ شَدِيدٍ وَاسْتَوْلَى أُولَئِكَ الْجُنْدُ عَلَى الْقَيْرَوَانِ، وَكَانَ ابْنُ الْجَارُودِ بِمَدِينَةِ تُونِسَ، فَسَارَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَقَدْ تَفَرَّقُوا بَعْدَ دُخُولِ الْقَيْرَوَانِ. فَوَصَلَ إِلَيْهِمُ ابْنُ الْجَارُودِ، فَلَقَوْهُ وَاقْتَتَلُوا، فَهَزَمَهُمُ ابْنُ الْجَارُودِ وَقَتَلَ جَمَاعَةً مِنْ أَعْيَانِهِمْ، فَانْهَزَمُوا، فَلَحِقُوا بِالْأَرْبَسِ، وَقَدَّمُوا عَلَيْهِمُ الْعَلَاءَ بْنَ سَعِيدٍ وَالِي بَلَدِ الزَّابِ وَسَارُوا إِلَى الْقَيْرَوَانِ.
Translation
✧ The appointment of al-Faḍl b. Rawḥ b. Ḥātim over Ifrīqiya In this year, which is the year 177, al-Rashīd appointed al-Faḍl b. Rawḥ b. Ḥātim over Ifrīqiya. When Rawḥ died, al-Rashīd had appointed after him Ḥabīb b. Naṣr al-Muhallabī. Then al-Faḍl went to al-Rashīd's court and sought the governorship of Ifrīqiya, so al-Rashīd appointed him. He returned and arrived in Muḥarram of the year 177. He appointed over the city of Tunis his nephew al-Mughīra b. Bishr b. Rawḥ, who was inexperienced, and he treated the soldiers lightly. Al-Faḍl had also alienated them and behaved badly toward them, because of their inclination toward Naṣr b. Ḥabīb, the previous governor. Those in Tunis gathered and wrote to al-Faḍl asking to be excused from his nephew, but he did not answer their letter, so they agreed to withhold obedience from him. A commander of the Khurasanis named Muḥammad b. al-Fārisī said to them: "Every group without a leader is closer to ruin, so choose a man to manage your affairs." They said: "You have spoken truly." They agreed to put forward one of their commanders named ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Jārūd, known as ʿAbda wayh al-Anbārī. They placed him in charge and gave him allegiance to hear and obey. They expelled al-Mughīra from among them and wrote to al-Faḍl, saying: "We have not withdrawn our hand from obedience, but he behaved badly, so we expelled him. Appoint over us someone we approve of." He appointed over them his paternal cousin ʿAbd Allāh b. Yazīd b. Ḥātim and sent him to them. When he was one stage from Tunis, Ibn al-Jārūd sent a group to him to see why he had come and not to take any action except by his command. They went to him, and some of them said to one another: "Al-Faḍl is deceiving you with the governorship of this man; then he will take revenge on you for expelling his nephew." They attacked ʿAbd Allāh b. Yazīd and killed him. They took the commanders with him as prisoners. Then ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Jārūd and those with him were compelled to rise and strive to remove al-Faḍl. Ibn al-Fārisī took charge of the matter and wrote to every commander in Ifrīqiya and governor of a city, saying: "We have considered what al-Faḍl has done in the lands of the Commander of the Faithful and his bad conduct, and we could do nothing but rise against him to expel him from us. Then we looked and found no one more worthy of sincere counsel to the Commander of the Faithful, because of the far reach of his reputation and his kindness to his soldiers, than you. We decided to place ourselves before you. If we succeed, we will make you our amir and write to the Commander of the Faithful asking for your appointment. If the other happens, no one will know that we intended you. Peace." By this he corrupted all the soldiers against al-Faḍl, and the gathering with them grew large. Al-Faḍl sent a large army against them, and they went out to meet it and fought it. His army was defeated and returned to al-Qayrawān in defeat. Ibn al-Jārūd's followers pursued them and besieged al-Qayrawān that day. Then the people of al-Qayrawān opened the gates. Ibn al-Jārūd and his army entered in Jumādā II of the year 178. He expelled al-Faḍl from al-Qayrawān and appointed agents to escort him and his family with him to Qābis. They traveled for a day, then Ibn al-Jārūd brought them back and killed al-Faḍl b. Rawḥ b. Ḥātim. When al-Faḍl was killed, a group of the soldiers became angry and gathered to fight Ibn al-Jārūd. He sent an army against them, but his army was defeated and returned to him after fierce fighting. Those soldiers took control of al-Qayrawān. Ibn al-Jārūd was in the city of Tunis, so he marched to them after they had dispersed following the entry into al-Qayrawān. Ibn al-Jārūd reached them, and they met him and fought. Ibn al-Jārūd defeated them and killed a group of their notables. They fled and caught up with al-Arbas. They appointed over themselves al-ʿAlāʾ b. Saʿīd, governor of the land of al-Zāb, and marched to al-Qayrawān.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.