Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2961
The year 170 of the Prophetic Hijrah
تَرْجَمَةِ الْهَادِي هُوَ مُوسَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْهَادِي أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ابْنُ الْمَهْدِيِّ ابْنِ الْمَنْصُورِ. وَلِيَ الْخِلَافَةَ فِي مُحَرَّمٍ سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ وَسِتِّينَ وَمِائَةٍ. وَكَانَتْ وَفَاتُهُ فِي النِّصْفِ مِنْ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ أَوِ الْآخِرِ سَنَةَ سَبْعِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، وَلَهُ مِنَ الْعُمْرِ ثَلَاثٌ - وَقِيلَ أَرْبَعٌ. وَقِيلَ: سِتٌّ - وَعِشْرُونَ سَنَةً. وَالصَّحِيحُ الْأَوَّلُ، وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَلِ الْخِلَافَةَ أَحَدٌ قَبْلَهُ فِي سِنِّهِ. وَكَانَ حَسَنًا جَمِيلًا طَوِيلًا أَبْيَضَ، فِي شَفَتِهِ الْعُلْيَا تَقَلُّصٌ، وَكَانَ قَوِيَّ الْبَأْسِ يَثِبُ عَلَى الدَّابَّةِ وَعَلَيْهِ دِرْعَانِ، وَكَانَ أَبُوهُ يُسَمِّيهِ رَيْحَانَتِي. بَعْضِ سِيرَتِهِ تَأَخَّرَ الْهَادِي عَنِ الْمَظَالِمِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحَرَّانِيُّ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ! إِنَّ الْعَامَّةَ لَا تَحْتَمِلُ هَذَا. فَقَالَ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ صَالِحٍ: إِيذَنْ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَيَّ بِالْجَفَلَى، لَا بِالنَّقَرَى. فَخَرَجَ مَنْ عِنْدَهُ وَلَمْ يَفْهَمْ قَوْلَهُ، وَلَمْ يَجْسُرْ عَلَى مُرَاجَعَتِهِ، فَأَحْضَرَ أَعْرَابِيًّا، فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ: الْجَفَلَى أَنْ تَأْذَنَ لِعَامَّةِ النَّاسِ، فَأَذِنَ لَهُمْ فَدَخَلَ النَّاسُ عَنْ آخِرِهِمْ، وَنَظَرَ فِي أُمُورِهِمْ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ، فَلَمَّا تَقَوَّضَ الْمَجْلِسُ قَالَ لَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ صَالِحٍ مَا جَرَى لَهُ، وَسَأَلَهُ مُجَازَاةَ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ، فَأَمَرَ لَهُ بِمِائَةِ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ، فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ! إِنَّهُ أَعْرَابِيٌّ، وَيُغْنِيهِ عَشَرَةُ آلَافٍ. فَقَالَ: يَا عَلِيُّ أَجُودُ أَنَا، وَتَبْخَلُ أَنْتَ !. وَقِيلَ: خَرَجَ يَوْمًا إِلَى عِيَادَةِ أُمِّهِ الْخَيْزُرَانِ، وَكَانَتْ مَرِيضَةً، فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ! أَلَا أَدُلُّكَ عَلَى مَا هُوَ أَنْفَعُ لَكَ مِنْ هَذَا ؟ تَنْظُرُ فِي الْمَظَالِمِ. فَرَجَعَ إِلَى دَارِ الْمَظَالِمِ، وَأَذِنَ لِلنَّاسِ، وَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى أُمِّهِ يَتَعَرَّفُ أَخْبَارَهَا. وَقِيلَ: كَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَالِكٍ يَتَوَلَّى شُرْطَةَ الْمَهْدِيِّ، قَالَ: فَكَانَ الْمَهْدِيُّ يَأْمُرُنِي بِضَرْبِ نُدَمَاءِ الْهَادِي وَمُغَنِّيهِ، وَحَبْسِهِمْ صِيَانَةً لَهُ عَنْهُمْ، فَكُنْتُ أَفْعَلُ وَكَانَ الْهَادِي يُرْسِلُ إِلَيَّ بِالتَّخْفِيفِ عَنْهُمْ، وَلَا أَفْعَلُ، فَلَمَّا وَلِيَ الْهَادِي أَيْقَنْتُ بِالتَّلَفِ، اسْتَحْضَرَنِي يَوْمًا، فَدَخَلْتُ إِلَيْهِ مُتَحَنِّطًا مُتَكَفِّنًا وَهُوَ عَلَى كُرْسِيٍّ، وَالسَّيْفُ وَالنَّطْعُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، فَسَلَّمْتُ، فَقَالَ: لَا سَلَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ ! أَتَذْكُرُ يَوْمَ بَعَثْتُ إِلَيْكَ فِي أَمْرِ الْحَرَّانِيِّ وَضَرْبِهِ، فَلَمْ تُجِبْنِي، وَفِي فُلَانٍ وَفُلَانٍ، فَعَدَّدَ نُدَمَاءَهُ، فَلَمْ تَلْتَفِتْ إِلَى قَوْلِي. قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ ! أَفَتَأْذَنُ فِي ذِكْرِ الْحُجَّةِ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قُلْتُ: نَشَدْتُكَ اللَّهَ أَيَسُرُّكَ أَنَّكَ وَلَّيْتَنِي مَا وَلَّانِي الْمَهْدِيُّ، وَأَمَرْتَنِي بِمَا أَمَرَ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَيَّ بَعْضُ بَنِيكَ بِمَا يُخَالِفُ أَمْرَكَ، فَاتَّبَعْتُ أَمْرَهُ وَخَالَفْتُ أَمْرَكَ ؟ قَالَ: لَا ! قُلْتُ: فَكَذَلِكَ أَنَا لَكَ، وَكَذَا كُنْتُ لِأَبِيكَ. فَاسْتَدْنَانِي، فَقَبَّلْتُ يَدَهُ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ لِي بِالْخُلَعِ، وَقَالَ: وَلَّيْتُكَ مَا كُنْتَ تَتَوَلَّاهُ، فَامْضِ رَاشِدًا ! فَصِرْتُ إِلَى مَنْزِلِي مُفَكِّرًا فِي أَمْرِي وَأَمْرِهِ، وَقُلْتُ: حَدَثٌ يَشْرَبُ، وَالْقَوْمُ الَّذِي عَصَيْتُهُ فِي أَمْرِهِمْ نُدَمَاؤُهُ، وَوُزَرَاؤُهُ، وَكُتَّابُهُ. فَكَأَنِّي بِهِمْ حِينَ يَغْلِبُ عَلَيْهِ الشَّرَابُ قَدْ أَزَالُوهُ عَنْ رَأْيِهِ. قَالَ: فَإِنِّي لَجَالِسٌ، وَعِنْدِي بَيِّنَةٌ لِي، وَالْكَانُونُ بَيْنَ يَدَيَّ، وَرُقَاقٌ أَشْطُرُهُ بِكَامَخٍ، وَأُسَخِّنُهُ، وَأُطْعِمُ الصِّبْيَةَ، وَآكُلُ، وَإِذَا بِوَقْعِ الْحَوَافِرِ، فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ الدُّنْيَا قَدْ زُلْزِلَتْ لِوَقْعِهَا، وَلِكَثْرَةِ الضَّوْضَاءِ، فَقُلْتُ: هَذَا مَا كُنْتُ أَخَافُهُ. وَإِذَا الْبَابُ قَدْ فُتِحَ، وَإِذَا الْخَدَمُ قَدْ دَخَلُوا، وَإِذَا الْهَادِي فِي وَسَطِهِمْ عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهُ وَثَبْتُ، فَقَبَّلْتُ يَدَهُ وَرِجْلَهُ، وَحَافِرَ دَابَّتِهِ، فَقَالَ لِي: يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ! إِنِّي فَكَّرْتُ فِي أَمْرِكَ، فَقُلْتُ يَسْبِقُ إِلَى وَهْمِكَ أَنَّنِي إِذَا شَرِبْتُ وَحَوْلِي أَعْدَاؤُكَ، أَزَالُوا حُسْنَ رَأْيِي فِيكَ، فَيُقْلِقُكَ ذَلِكَ، فَصِرْتُ إِلَى مَنْزِلِكَ لِأُونِسَكَ. وَأُعْلِمُكَ أَنَّ مَا كَانَ عِنْدِي لَكَ مِنْ الْحِقْدِ قَدْ زَالَ، فَهَاتِ وَأَطْعِمْنِي مِمَّا كُنْتَ تَأْكُلُ لِتَعْلَمَ أَنِّي قَدْ تَحَرَّمْتُ بِطَعَامِكَ، فَيَزُولَ خَوْفُكَ. فَأَدْنَيْتُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الرُّقَاقِ وَالْكَامَخِ، فَأَكَلَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: هَاتُوا الزُّلَّةَ الَّتِي أَزْلَلْتُهَا لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ مِنْ مَجْلِسِي، فَأُدْخِلَتْ إِلَيَّ أَرْبَعُمِائَةِ بَغْلٍ مُوَقَّرَةٍ دَرَاهِمَ وَغَيْرَهَا، فَقَالَ: هَذِهِ لَكَ، فَاسْتَعِنْ بِهَا عَلَى أَمْرِكَ، وَاحْفَظْ هَذِهِ الْبِغَالَ عِنْدَكَ لَعَلِّي أَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهَا لِبَعْضِ أَسْفَارِي، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ. قِيلَ: وَكَانَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ يَقُولُ: مَا لِعَرَبِيٍّ وَلَا لِعَجَمِيِّ عِنْدَكَ مَا لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ مَاهَانَ، فَإِنَّهُ دَخَلَ إِلَيَّ الْحَبْسَ، وَقَالَ لِي: أَمَرَنِي أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْهَادِي أَنْ أَضْرِبَكَ مِائَةَ سَوْطٍ، فَأَقْبَلَ يَضَعُ السَّوْطَ عَلَى يَدَيَّ وَمَنْكِبِي يَمَسُّنِي بِهِ مَسًّا إِلَى أَنْ عَدَّ مِائَةَ سَوْطٍ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْهَادِي: مَا صَنَعْتَ بِهِ ؟ قَالَ: صَنَعْتُ الَّذِي أَمَرْتَنِي بِهِ، وَقَدْ مَاتَ الرَّجُلُ. فَقَالَ الْهَادِي: إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ، فَضَحْتَنِي، وَاللَّهِ عِنْدَ النَّاسِ، يَقُولُونَ: قُتِلَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى شِدَّةَ جَزَعِهِ قَالَ: هُوَ وَاللَّهِ حَيٌّ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ. قَالَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ. وَقِيلَ: كَانَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَلْمِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ مِنَ الْهَادِي بِمَنْزِلَةٍ عَظِيمَةٍ، فَمَاتَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ، فَأَتَاهُ الْهَادِي يُعَزِّيهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ ! سَرَّكَ وَهُوَ عَدُوُّ وَفِتْنَةٌ، وَحَزَنَكَ وَهُوَ صَلَاةٌ وَرَحْمَةٌ ؟. فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ! مَا بَقِيَ مِنِّي جُزْءٌ فِيهِ حُزْنٌ، إِلَّا وَقَدِ امْتَلَأَ عَزَاءً. فَلَمَّا مَاتَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ صَارَتْ مَنْزِلَتُهُ لِسَعِيدِ بْنِ سَلْمٍ. قِيلَ: كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ الَّذِي يُلَقَّبُ الْجَزَرِيَّ، قَدْ تَزَوَّجَ رُقَيَّةَ بِنْتَ عَمْرٍو الْعُثْمَانِيَّةَ، وَكَانَتْ قَبْلَهُ تَحْتَ الْمَهْدِيِّ، فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ الْهَادِي، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ، وَحَمَلَ إِلَيْهِ، وَقَالَ لَهُ: أَعْيَاكَ النِّسَاءُ إِلَّا امْرَأَةَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ؟ قَالَ: مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ إِلَّا نِسَاءَ جَدِّي ﷺ فَأَمَّا غَيْرُهُنَّ فَلَا، وَلَا كَرَامَةَ، فَشَجَّهُ بِمِخْصَرَةٍ كَانَتْ فِي يَدِهِ، وَجَلَدَهُ خَمْسَمِائَةِ سَوْطٍ، وَأَرَادَهُ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَهَا، فَلَمْ يَفْعَلْ، وَكَانَ قَدْ غُشِيَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الضَّرْبِ. وَكَانَ فِي يَدِهِ خَاتَمٌ نَفِيسٌ، فَأَهْوَى بَعْضُ الْخَدَمِ عَلَى الْخَاتَمِ لِيَأْخُذَهُ، فَقَبَضَ عَلَى يَدِهِ فَدَقَّهَا، فَصَاحَ، فَأَتَى الْهَادِي، فَأَرَاهُ يَدَهُ، فَغَضِبَ، وَقَالَ: تَفْعَلُ هَذَا بِخَادِمِي عَلَى اسْتِخْفَافِكَ بِأَبِي وَقَوْلِكَ لِي مَا قُلْتَ ؟ قَالَ: سَلْهُ، وَاسْتَحْلِفْهُ أَنْ يَصْدُقَكَ، فَفَعَلَ. فَأَخْبَرَهُ الْخَادِمُ وَصَدَقَهُ، فَقَالَ: أَحْسَنَ وَاللَّهِ، أَشْهَدُ أَنَّهُ ابْنُ عَمِّي، وَلَوْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ لَانْتَفَيْتُ مِنْهُ، وَأَمَرَ بِإِطْلَاقِهِ. قِيلَ: وَكَانَ الْمَهْدِيُّ قَدْ قَالَ لِلْهَادِي يَوْمًا، وَقَدْ قَدِمَ إِلَيْهِ زِنْدِيقٌ، فَقَتَلَهُ وَأَمَرَ بِصَلْبِهِ: يَا بُنَيَّ، إِذَا صَارَ الْأَمْرُ إِلَيْكَ فَتَجَرَّدْ لِهَذِهِ الْعِصَابَةِ، يَعْنِي أَصْحَابَ مَانِي، فَإِنَّهَا تَدْعُو النَّاسَ إِلَى ظَاهِرٍ حَسَنٍ كَاجْتِنَابِ الْفَوَاحِشِ، وَالزُّهْدِ فِي الدُّنْيَا، وَالْعَمَلِ لِلْآخِرَةِ. ثُمَّ تُخْرِجُهَا مِنْ هَذَا إِلَى تَحْرِيمِ اللُّحُومِ، وَمَسِّ الْمَاءِ الطَّهُورِ، وَتَرْكِ قَتْلِ الْهَوَامِّ تَحَرُّجًا، ثُمَّ تُخْرِجُهَا إِلَى عِبَادَةِ اثْنَيْنِ: أَحَدُهُمَا النُّورُ، وَالْآخَرُ الظُّلْمَةُ، ثُمَّ تُبِيحُ بَعْدَ هَذَا نِكَاحَ الْأَخَوَاتِ وَالْبَنَاتِ، وَالِاغْتِسَالَ بِالْبَوْلِ، وَسَرِقَةَ الْأَطْفَالِ مِنَ الطُّرُقِ، لِتُنْقِذَهُمْ مِنْ ضَلَالِ الظُّلْمَةِ إِلَى هِدَايَةِ النُّورِ. فَارْفَعْ فِيهَا الْخَشَبَ، ( وَجَرِّدِ السَّيْفَ فِيهَا، وَتَقَرَّبْ بِأَمْرِهَا إِلَى اللَّهِ، فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُ جَدِّيَ الْعَبَّاسَ، ؓ )، فِي الْمَنَامِ قَلَّدَنِي سَيْفَيْنِ لِقَتْلِ أَصْحَابِ الِاثْنَيْنِ. فَلَمَّا وَلِيَ الْهَادِي قَالَ: لَأَقْتُلَنَّ هَذِهِ الْفِرْقَةَ. وَأَمَرَ أَنْ يُهَيَّأَ لَهُ أَلْفُ جِذْعٍ فَمَاتَ بَعْدَ هَذَا الْقَوْلِ بِشَهْرَيْنِ. قِيلَ: وَكَانَ عِيسَى بْنُ دَأْبٍ مِنْ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْحِجَازِ أَدَبًا، وَأَعْذَبِهِمْ أَلْفًاظًا، وَكَانَ قَدْ حَظِيَ عِنْدَ الْهَادِي حَظْوَةً لَمْ تَكُنْ لِأَحَدٍ قَبْلَهُ، وَكَانَ يَدْعُو لَهُ بِمَا يَتَّكِئُ عَلَيْهِ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ، وَمَا كَانَ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ بِغَيْرِهِ. وَكَانَ يَقُولُ لَهُ: مَا اسْتَطَلْتُ بِكَ يَوْمًا وَلَا لَيْلًا، وَلَا غِبْتَ عَنْ عَيْنِي إِلَّا تَمَنَّيْتُ أَنْ لَا أَرَى غَيْرَكَ، وَأَمَرَ لَهُ بِثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ فِي دُفْعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ ابْنُ دَأْبٍ أَرْسَلَ قَهْرَمَانَةً إِلَى الْحَاجِبِ فِي قَبْضِهَا، فَقَالَ الْحَاجِبُ: هَذَا لَيْسَ إِلَيَّ، فَانْطَلِقْ إِلَى صَاحِبِ التَّوْقِيعِ، وَإِلَى الدِّيوَانِ، فَعَادَ إِلَى ابْنِ دَأْبٍ فَأَخْبَرَهُ، فَقَالَ: اتْرُكْهَا. فَبَيْنَمَا الْهَادِي فِي مُسْتَشْرَفٍ لَهُ بِبَغْدَاذَ رَأَى ابْنَ دَأْبٍ وَلَيْسَ مَعَهُ إِلَّا غُلَامٌ وَاحِدٌ، فَقَالَ لِلْحَرَّانِيِّ: أَلَا تَرَى ابْنَ دَأْبٍ مَا غَيَّرَ حَالَهُ، وَقَدْ وَصَلْنَاهُ لِيُرَى أَثَرُنَا عَلَيْهِ ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنْ أَمَرْتَنِي عَرَّضْتُ لَهُ بِالْحَالِ. فَقَالَ: لَا، هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِحَالِهِ. وَدَخَلَ ابْنُ دَأْبٍ، وَأَخَذَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ، فَعَرَضَ الْهَادِي بِشَيْءٍ وَقَالَ: أَرَى ثَوْبَكَ غَسِيلًا، وَهَذَا شِتَاءٌ يُحْتَاجُ فِيهِ إِلَى الْجَدِيدِ. فَقَالَ: بَاعِي قَصِيرٌ فَقَالَ: وَكَيْفَ، وَقَدْ صَرَفْنَا إِلَيْكَ مَا فِيهِ صَلَاحُ شَأْنِكَ ؟ فَقَالَ: مَا وَصَلَ إِلَيَّ شَيْءٌ فَدَعَا صَاحِبَ بَيْتِ مَالِ الْخَاصَّةِ فَقَالَ: عَجِّلِ السَّاعَةَ ثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ فَأُحْضِرَتْ وَحُمِلَتْ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ. وَذَكَرَ عِيسَى بْنُ دَأَبٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ يَوْمًا عِنْدَ الْهَادِي، إِذْ جِيءَ بِطَسْتٍ فِيهِ رَأْسَا جَارِيَتَيْنِ، لَمْ أَرَ أَحْسَنَ مِنْهُمَا، وَلَا مِثْلَ شُعُورِهِمَا، وَفِي شُعُورِهِمَا اللَّآلِئُ وَالْجَوَاهِرُ مُنَضَّدَةً، وَلَا مِثْلَ طِيبِ رِيحِهِمَا، فَقَالَ: أَتَدْرُونَ مَا شَأْنُ هَاتَيْنِ؟ قُلْنَا: لَا. فَقَالَ: إِنَّهُ ذُكِرَ لِي عَنْهُمَا أَنَّهُمَا يَرْتَكِبَانِ الْفَاحِشَةَ، فَأَمَرْتُ الْخَادِمَ، فَرَصَدَهُمَا ثُمَّ جَاءَنِي فَقَالَ: إِنَّهُمَا مُجْتَمِعَتَانِ. فَجِئْتُ فَوَجَدْتُهُمَا فِي لِحَافٍ وَاحِدٍ وَهُمَا عَلَى الْفَاحِشَةِ، فَأَمَرْتُ بِحَزِّ رِقَابِهِمَا. ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِرَفْعِ رُءُوسِهِمَا مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ، وَرَجَعَ إِلَى حَدِيثِهِ الْأَوَّلِ، كَأَنْ لَمْ يَصْنَعْ شَيْئًا. وَكَانَ شَهْمًا خَبِيرًا بِالْمُلْكِ كَرِيمًا. وَمِنْ كَلَامِهِ: مَا أُصْلِحَ الْمُلْكُ بِمِثْلِ تَعْجِيلِ الْعُقُوبَةِ لِلْجَانِي، وَالْعَفْوِ عَنِ الزَّلَّاتِ الْقَرِيبَةِ، لِيَقِلَّ الطَّمَعُ عَنِ الْمُلْكِ. وَغَضِبَ يَوْمًا مِنْ رَجُلٍ، فَاسْتُرْضِيَ عَنْهُ فَرَضِيَ، فَشَرَعَ الرَّجُلُ يَعْتَذِرُ، فَقَالَ الْهَادِي: إِنَّ الرِّضَا قَدْ كَفَاكَ مُؤْنَةَ الِاعْتِذَارِ. وَرَوَى الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ بَكَّارٍ أَنَّ مَرْوَانَ بْنَ أَبِي حَفْصَةَ أَنْشَدَ الْهَادِي قَصِيدَةً لَهُ، مِنْهَا: تَشَابَهَ يَوْمًا بَأْسُهُ وَنَوَالُهُ فَمَا أَحَدٌ يَدْرِي لِأَيِّهِمَا الْفَضْلُ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْهَادِي: أَيُّمَا أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ؟ ثَلَاثُونَ أَلْفًا مُعَجَّلَةً أَوْ مِائَةُ أَلْفٍ تَدُورُ فِي الدَّوَاوِينِ؟ فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، أَوَأَحْسَنُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ: وَمَا هُوَ؟ قَالَ: تَكُونُ ثَلَاثُونَ أَلْفًا مُعَجَّلَةً وَمِائَةُ أَلْفٍ تَدُورُ بِالدَّوَاوِينِ. فَقَالَ الْهَادِي: أَوْ أَحْسَنُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ; نُعَجِّلُ الْجَمِيعَ لَكَ. فَأَمَرَ لَهُ بِمِائَةِ أَلْفٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفًا مُعَجَّلَةً. وَقَالَ الْخَطِيبُ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ: بسنده عن الْمُطَّلِبُ بْنُ عُكَّاشَةَ الْمُزَنِيُّ قَالَ: قَدِمْنَا عَلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْهَادِي شُهُودًا عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنَّا شَتَمَ قُرَيْشًا، وَتَخَطَّى إِلَى ذِكْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَجَلَسَ لَنَا مَجْلِسًا أَحْضَرَ فِيهِ فُقَهَاءَ أَهْلِ زَمَانِهِ، وَمَنْ كَانَ بِالْحَضْرَةِ عَلَى بَابِهِ، وَأَحْضَرَ الرَّجُلَ وَأَحْضَرَنَا، فَشَهِدْنَا عَلَيْهِ بِمَا سَمِعْنَا مِنْهُ، فَتَغَيَّرَ وَجْهُ الْهَادِي، ثُمَّ نَكَّسَ رَأْسَهُ، ثُمَّ رَفَعَهُ، فَقَالَ: إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ أَبِي الْمَهْدِيَّ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ الْمَنْصُورِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: مَنْ أَرَادَ هَوَانَ قُرَيْشٍ أَهَانَهُ اللَّهُ، وَأَنْتَ يَا عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ لَمْ تَرْضَ بِأَنْ أَرَدْتَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ حَتَّى تَخَطَّيْتَ إِلَى ذِكْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ! اضْرِبُوا عُنُقَهُ. فَمَا بَرِحْنَا حَتَّى قُتِلَ. وَأَسْنَدَ الصُّولِيُّ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ سَلَمٍ قَالَ: (إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لِلْهَادِي بِشَيْءٍ رَأَيْتُهُ مِنْهُ، حَضَرْتُهُ يَوْمًا وَأَبُو الْخَطَّابِ السَّعْدِيُّ يَنْشُدُهُ قَصِيدَةً فِي مَدْحِهِ...، إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ: يَا خَيْرَ مَنْ عَقَدَتْ كَفَّاهُ حُجْزَتَهُ وَخَيْرَ مَنْ قَلَّدَتْهُ أَمْرَهَا مُضَرُ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْهَادِي: إِلَّا مَنْ ؟ وَيْلَكَ ! ! قَالَ سَعِيدٌ: وَلَمْ يَكُنِ اسْتَثْنَى فِي شِعْرِهِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ; إِنَّمَا يَعْنِي مِنْ أَهْلِ هَذَا الزَّمَانِ، فَأَفْكَرَ الشَّاعِرُ فَقَالَ: إِلَّا النَّبِيَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ لَهُ فَضْلًا، وَأَنْتَ بِذَاكَ الْفَضْلِ تَفْتَخِرُ فَقَالَ: الْآنَ أَصَبْتَ وَأَحْسَنْتَ، وَأَمَرَ لَهُ بِخَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ ). أولاده وَكَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الْوَلَدِ تِسْعَةٌ; سَبْعَةٌ ذُكُورٌ وَابْنَتَانِ، فَالذُّكُورُ; جَعْفَرٌ - وَهُوَ الَّذِي كَانَ قَدْ رَشَّحَهُ لِلْخِلَافَةِ - وَعَبَّاسٌ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَإِسْحَاقُ وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ وَسُلَيْمَانُ وَمُوسَى الْأَعْمَى الَّذِي وُلِدَ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِهِ فَسُمِّيَ بِاسْمِ أَبِيهِ، وَالْبِنْتَانِ هُمَا أُمُّ عِيسَى الَّتِي تَزَوَّجَهَا الْمَأْمُونُ، وَالْأُخْرَى أُمُّ الْعَبَّاسِ تُلَقَّبُ نُوتَةَ. وَفَاةِ الْهَادِي تُوُفِّيَ الْهَادِي فِي رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ أَخُوهُ هَارُونُ وَلِيُّ الْعَهْدِ، وَدُفِنَ فِي قَصْرٍ بَنَاهُ وَسَمَّاهُ الْأَبْيَضَ بِعِيسَابَاذَ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الشَّرْقِيِّ مِنْ بَغْدَادَ. وَدُفِنَ فِي بُسْتَانِهِ وكَانَتْ وَفَاتُهُ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ لِلنِّصْفِ مِنْ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ، وَقِيلَ لِأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ خَلَتْ مِنْ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ، وَقِيلَ لِسِتَّ عَشْرَةَ مِنْهُ، وَقِيلَ كَانَتْ خِلَافَتُهُ سَنَةً وَثَلَاثَةَ أَشْهُرٍ، وَقِيلَ كَانَتْ أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ شَهْرًا، عُمُرُهُ سِتًّا وَعِشْرِينَ سَنَةً، وَقِيلَ ثَلَاثًا وَعِشْرِينَ سَنَةً، وكَانَتْ كُنْيَتُهُ أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ، وَأُمُّهُ الْخَيْزُرَانُ، أُمُّ وَلَدٍ وَكَانَ الْمَهْدِيُّ قَدْ وَكَّلَ بِهِ خَادِمًا يَقُولُ لَهُ: مُوسَى أَطْبِقْ، فَيَضُمَّ شَفَتَهُ، فَلُقِّبَ: مُوسَى أَطْبِقْ. وَاخْتُلِفَ فِي سَبَبِ وَفَاتِهِ، فَقِيلَ كَانَ سَبَبُهَا قُرْحَةً كَانَتْ فِي جَوْفِهِ، وَقِيلَ مَرَضٌ بِحَدِيثِةِ الْمَوْصِلِ، وَعَادَ مَرِيضًا فَتُوُفِّيَ. وَقِيلَ إِنَّ وَفَاتَهُ كَانَتْ مِنْ قِبَلِ جَوَارٍ لِأُمِّهِ الْخَيْزُرَانَ كَانَتْ أَمَرَتْهُنَّ بِقَتْلِهِ، وَكَانَ سَبَبُ أَمْرِهَا بِذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا وَلِيَ الْخِلَافَةَ كَانَتْ تَسْتَبِدُّ بِالْأُمُورِ دُونَهُ، وَتَسْلُكُ بِهِ مَسْلَكَ الْمَهْدِيِّ، حَتَّى مَضَى أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ. فَانْثَالَ النَّاسُ إِلَى بَابِهَا، وَكَانَتِ الْمَوَاكِبُ تَغْدُو وَتَرُوحُ إِلَى بَابِهَا، فَكَلَّمَتْهُ يَوْمًا فِي أَمْرٍ لَمْ يَجِدْ إِلَى إِجَابَتِهَا سَبِيلًا، فَقَالَتْ: لَابُدَّ مِنْ إِجَابَتِي إِلَيْهِ، فَإِنَّنِي قَدْ ضَمِنْتُ هَذِهِ الْحَاجَةَ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ. فَغَضِبَ الْهَادِي، وَقَالَ: وَيْلِي عَلَى ابْنِ الْفَاعِلَةِ ! قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ صَاحِبُهَا، وَاللَّهِ لَا قَضَيْتُهَا لَكِ. قَالَتْ: إِذًا وَاللَّهِ لَا أَسْأَلُكَ حَاجَةً أَبَدًا، قَالَ: لَا أُبَالِي وَاللَّهِ، وَغَضِبَتْ فَقَامَتْ مُغْضَبَةً، فَقَالَ مَكَانَكِ وَاللَّهِ، وَإِلَّا أَنَا نَفِيٌّ مِنْ قَرَابَتِي مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. لَئِنْ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّهُ وَقَفَ بِبَابِكِ أَحَدٌ مِنْ قُوَّادِي، وَخَاصَّتِي لَأَضْرِبَنَّ عُنُقَهُ، وَلَأَقْبِضَنَّ مَالَهُ. مَا هَذِهِ الْمَوَاكِبُ الَّتِي تَغْدُو وَتَرُوحُ إِلَى بَابِكِ ؟ أَمَا لَكِ مِغْزَلٌ يَشْغَلُكِ، أَوْ مُصْحَفٌ يُذَكِّرُكِ، أَوْ بَيْتٌ يَصُونُكِ ؟ إِيَّاكِ ! وَإِيَّاكِ ! لَا تَفْتَحِي بَابَكِ لِمُسْلِمٍ وَلَا ذِمِّيٍّ. فَانْصَرَفَتْ وَهِيَ لَا تَعْقِلُ، فَلَمْ تَنْطِقْ عِنْدَهُ بَعْدَهَا. ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ قَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ: أَيُّمَا خَيْرٍ أَنَا أَمْ أَنْتُمْ، وَأُمِّي أَمْ أُمَّهَاتُكُمْ ؟ قَالُوا: بَلْ أَنْتَ وَأُمُّكَ خَيْرٌ. قَالَ: فَأَيُّكُمْ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَتَحَدَّثَ الرِّجَالُ بِخَبَرِ أُمِّهِ، فَيُقَالُ: فَعَلَتْ أُمُّ فُلَانٍ، وَصَنَعَتْ ؟ قَالُوا: لَا نُحِبُّ ذَلِكَ. قَالَ: فَمَا بَالُكُمْ تَأْتُونَ أُمِّي، فَتَتَحَدَّثُونَ بِحَدِيثِهَا ؟ فَلَمَّا سَمِعُوا ذَلِكَ انْقَطَعُوا عَنْهَا. ثُمَّ بَعَثَ بِأُرْزٍ، وَقَالَ: قَدِ اسْتَطَبْتُهَا، فَكُلِي مِنْهَا. فَقِيلَ لَهَا: أَمْسِكِي حَتَّى تَنْظُرِي ! فَجَاءُوا بِكَلْبٍ، فَأَطْعَمُوهُ، فَسَقَطَ لَحْمُهُ لِوَقْتِهِ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهَا كَيْفَ رَأَيْتِ الْأُرْزَ ؟ قَالَتْ: طَيِّبًا. قَالَ: مَا أَكَلْتِ مِنْهَا، وَلَوْ أَكَلْتِ مِنْهَا، لَاسْتَرَحْتُ مِنْكِ، مَتَى أَفْلَحَ خَلِيفَةٌ لَهُ أُمٌّ ! وَقِيلَ: كَانَ سَبَبُ أَمْرِهَا بِذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْهَادِيَ لَمَّا جَدَّ فِي خَلْعِ الرَّشِيدِ وَالْبَيْعَةِ لِابْنِهِ جَعْفَرٍ خَافَتِ الْخَيْزُرَانُ عَلَى الرَّشِيدِ، فَوَضَعَتْ جَوَارِيَهَا عَلَيْهِ لَمَّا مَرِضَ، فَقَتَلْنَهُ بِالْغَمِّ وَالْجُلُوسِ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ، فَمَاتَ، فَأَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى يَحْيَى بْنِ خَالِدٍ تُعْلِمُهُ بِمَوْتِهِ. وَحَكَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصُّولِيُّ: أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ قَدَمِهِ بُثْرَةٌ، فَصَارَتْ كَاللَّوْزَةِ، وَافْتَصَدَ وَمَاتَ بَعْدَ ثَلَاثٍ، وَجَاءَتْ أُمُّهُ الْخَيْزُرَانُ وَبِهِ رَمَقٌ، فَأَخَذَتْ خَاتَمَهُ مِنْ يَدِهِ وَقَالَتْ: أَخُوكَ أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْكَ. وَهُوَ يَرَى ذَلِكَ وَلَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَى حِيلَةٍ.
Translation
✧ Biography of al-Hādī He is Mūsā b. Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbbās, Abū Muḥammad al-Hādī, Commander of the Faithful, son of al-Mahdī, son of al-Manṣūr. He assumed the caliphate in Muḥarram of the year one hundred sixty-nine. His death was in the middle of Rabīʿ al-Awwal or Rabīʿ al-Ākhir of the year one hundred seventy, and he was twenty-three—or it is said twenty-four—or it is said twenty-six years old. The correct is the first, and it is said that no one before him had assumed the caliphate at his age. He was handsome, beautiful, tall, and fair, with a contraction in his upper lip. He was strong in courage, leaping upon a mount while wearing two coats of mail. His father used to call him "my fragrant flower." Part of His Conduct Al-Hādī delayed attending to grievances for three days. Al-Ḥarrānī said to him: "O Commander of the Faithful! The common people will not bear this." So he said to ʿAlī b. Ṣāliḥ: "Give the people permission to enter upon me with al-jafalā, not al-naqarā." Those with him left without understanding his words, and no one dared to ask him about them. So ʿAlī brought a bedouin and asked him about that. The bedouin said: "Al-jafalā is that you give permission to the common people." So he gave them permission, and the people entered to the last of them. And he looked into their affairs until night. When the assembly dispersed, ʿAlī b. Ṣāliḥ told him what had happened and asked him to reward the bedouin. So he ordered for him one hundred thousand dirhams. ʿAlī said: "O Commander of the Faithful! He is a bedouin, and ten thousand would suffice him." He replied: "O ʿAlī! I give generously, and you are stingy!" It is said: One day he went out to visit his mother al-Khayzurān, who was ill. ʿUmar b. al-Rabīʿ said to him: "O Commander of the Faithful! Shall I not direct you to what is more beneficial for you than this? Attend to the grievances." So he returned to the palace of grievances, gave the people permission, and sent to his mother to inquire after her news. It is said: ʿAbd Allāh b. Mālik used to supervise the shurṭa of al-Mahdī. He said: "Al-Mahdī used to order me to beat al-Hādī's boon-companions and singers and imprison them, to protect him from them. I used to do that, and al-Hādī would send to me asking for leniency toward them, but I would not do it. When al-Hādī assumed the caliphate, I was certain of destruction. One day he summoned me, and I entered to him having perfumed and shrouded myself, and he was on a chair, with a sword and a leather mat before him. I greeted, and he said: 'May God not grant you peace! Do you remember the day I sent to you concerning al-Ḥarrānī and beating him, and you did not answer me; and concerning so-and-so and so-and-so,' enumerating his boon-companions, 'and you paid no attention to my words?' I said: 'Yes! Will you permit me to mention the argument?' He said: 'Yes.' I said: 'I adjure you by God: would it please you that you had appointed me to what al-Mahdī appointed me, and ordered me as he ordered, then one of your sons sent to me something contrary to your command, and I followed his command and disobeyed yours?' He said: 'No.' I said: 'Thus I am to you, and thus I was to your father.' So he drew me near, and I kissed his hand. Then he ordered robes of honor for me and said: 'I appoint you to what you used to administer. Go forth rightly guided.' I went to my house thinking about my affair and his. I said: 'A youth who drinks, and the people whose affair I disobeyed are his boon-companions, his ministers, and his secretaries.' It is as if I saw them, when drink overcame him, turning him from his good opinion of me. He said: I was sitting, and I had prepared a meal for myself; the brazier was before me, and thin bread which I broke with kāmakh, heating it and feeding the children and eating, when suddenly there was the sound of hooves. I thought the world had shaken from their sound and the great clamor. I said: 'This is what I feared.' And the door was opened, and the servants entered, and al-Hādī was in their midst on his mount. When I saw him I sprang up and kissed his hand and foot and the hoof of his mount. He said to me: 'O Abū ʿAbd Allāh! I thought about your affair and said: it may occur to your mind that when I drink and your enemies are around me, they will turn me from my good opinion of you, and that would disturb you. So I came to your house to put you at ease. And to inform you that the rancor I held toward you is gone. So bring me some of what you were eating, that I may eat with you and you may know that I have partaken of your food, and your fear may depart.' So I brought him some of that thin bread and kāmakh, and he ate. Then he said: 'Bring the gift which I have prepared for ʿAbd Allāh from my assembly.' So there were brought to me four hundred mules laden with dirhams and other things. He said: 'These are for you. Use them for your affairs, and keep these mules with you; perhaps I shall need them for one of my journeys.' Then he departed. It is said: Yaʿqūb b. Dāwūd used to say: 'No Arab or non-Arab has with you what ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā b. Māhān has. He entered the prison to me and said: "The Commander of the Faithful al-Hādī ordered me to give you a hundred lashes." And he began to place the whip on my hands and shoulders, touching me lightly with it, until he had counted a hundred lashes. Then he went out, and al-Hādī said to him: "What did you do to him?" He said: "I did what you ordered me, and the man has died." Al-Hādī said: "Indeed we belong to God and to Him we return. You have disgraced me before the people. By God, they will say: Yaʿqūb b. Dāwūd has been killed." When he saw his intense grief, he said: "By God, he is alive, O Commander of the Faithful." He said: "Praise be to God for that." It is said: Ibrāhīm b. Salm b. Qutayba held a great position with al-Hādī. A son of his died, and al-Hādī came to console him and said: "O Ibrāhīm! It pleased you while it was an enemy and a trial, and it grieved you while it is a prayer and a mercy?" He said: "O Commander of the Faithful! No part of me remains in which there is grief except that it is filled with consolation." When Ibrāhīm died, his position passed to Saʿīd b. Salm. It is said: ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib, who was nicknamed al-Jazarī, had married Ruqayya bt. ʿAmr al-ʿUthmāniyya. She had previously been under al-Mahdī. That reached al-Hādī, so he sent for him and had him brought. He said to him: "Did women not suffice you except the wife of the Commander of the Faithful?" He said: "God has forbidden to His creation only the women of my grandfather ﷺ. As for others, no, and no honor." So he struck him on the head with a short staff he had in his hand and flogged him with five hundred lashes, and he wanted him to divorce her, but he did not do so, and he had fainted from the beating. On his hand was a precious ring. One of the servants reached for the ring to take it, and he seized his hand and broke it. The servant cried out, and al-Hādī came, and he showed him his hand. He became angry and said: "You do this to my servant, along with your contempt for my father and your words to me?" He said: "Ask him, and make him swear to tell you the truth." So he did. The servant told him and told the truth. He said: "By God, he has done well. I bear witness that he is my cousin. If he had not done that, I would have disowned him." And he ordered his release. It is said: One day al-Mahdī said to al-Hādī, when a zindīq was brought to him and he killed him and ordered him crucified: "O my son, when the affair comes to you, devote yourself to this faction—meaning the followers of Mānī—for they call people to a fair outward appearance such as avoiding indecencies, renouncing the world, and working for the Hereafter. Then they take them from this to forbidding meat, and touching purifying water, and refraining from killing vermin out of scruple. Then they take them to worshiping two: one of them is light, and the other darkness. Then after this they permit marriage to sisters and daughters, and washing with urine, and stealing children from the roads, to save them from the error of darkness to the guidance of light. So raise the wood against them, and bare the sword against them, and draw near to God by dealing with them, for I saw my grandfather al-ʿAbbās ؓ in a dream; he placed two swords on me for killing the people of the two." When al-Hādī assumed the caliphate he said: "I will surely kill this sect." And he ordered a thousand trunks to be prepared, then he died two months after this saying. It is said: ʿĪsā b. Daʾb was among the people of the Hijaz most abundant in literary culture and most sweet in expression. He had attained a station with al-Hādī that no one before him had attained, and he used to call for what he leaned upon in his assembly, and he did not do that for anyone else. He used to say to him: "I have never found you too long by day or night, nor have you been absent from my eye but that I wished I would not see anyone other than you." And he ordered for him thirty thousand dinars in a single payment. When morning came, Ibn Daʾb sent a stewardess to the chamberlain to collect it. The chamberlain said: "This is not my affair; go to the master of the signature and to the dīwān." She returned to Ibn Daʾb and told him, and he said: "Leave it." While al-Hādī was in a belvedere of his in Baghdādh, he saw Ibn Daʾb with him only one servant, and he said to al-Ḥarrānī: "Do you not see Ibn Daʾb? His condition has not changed, though we have bestowed upon him so that our effect on him might be seen." He said: "If you command me, I will hint to him about the matter." He said: "No, he is more aware of his own condition." Ibn Daʾb entered and began his conversation. Al-Hādī alluded to something and said: "I see your garment is washed, and this is winter when one needs new clothing." He said: "My seller is short." He said: "How, when we have sent you what would set your affair right?" He said: "Nothing has reached me." So he summoned the keeper of the private treasury and said: "Hasten at once thirty thousand dinars." They were brought and carried before him. ʿĪsā b. Daʾb related: "One day I was with al-Hādī when a basin was brought containing the heads of two slave-girls, more beautiful than any I had seen, with hair like theirs, in their hair pearls and jewels arranged in rows, and with a fragrance like theirs. He said: 'Do you know the story of these two?' We said: 'No.' He said: 'It was mentioned to me about them that they were committing indecency. So I ordered a servant, and he watched them, then came to me and said: "They are together." I came and found them under one coverlet, and they were engaged in indecency. So I ordered their necks to be struck.' Then he ordered their heads to be removed from before him and returned to his previous conversation as if he had done nothing. He was astute, knowledgeable in kingship, and generous. Among his sayings: 'Kingdom is not set right by anything like hastening punishment for the offender and pardoning recent slips, so that covetousness for the kingdom may diminish.' One day he became angry with a man, then he was asked to be pleased with him and he was pleased. The man began to apologize, and al-Hādī said: 'Satisfaction has spared you the burden of apology.' Al-Zubayr b. Bakkār narrated that Marwān b. Abī Ḥafṣa recited to al-Hādī an ode of his, including: His might and his bounty resembled each other one day, so no one knows which of them has the superiority. So al-Hādī said to him: 'Which is dearer to you? Thirty thousand paid immediately, or a hundred thousand that circulates in the dīwāns?' He said: 'O Commander of the Faithful, is there anything better than that?' He said: 'What is it?' He said: 'That it be thirty thousand paid immediately and a hundred thousand that circulates in the dīwāns.' Al-Hādī said: 'Or better than that; we shall pay the whole to you at once.' So he ordered for him a hundred and thirty thousand paid immediately. Al-Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī said with his chain of transmission from al-Muṭṭalib b. ʿUkāsha al-Muzanī: 'We came to Abū Muḥammad al-Hādī as witnesses against a man of ours who had reviled Quraysh and went beyond that to mention the Messenger of God ﷺ. He held a session for us in which he brought the jurists of his time and those who were present at his gate, and he brought the man and brought us. We testified against him to what we had heard from him. The face of al-Hādī changed, then he lowered his head, then raised it and said: "I heard my father al-Mahdī relate from his father al-Manṣūr, from his father Muḥammad b. ʿAlī, from his father ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbbās, who said: 'Whoever desires the humiliation of Quraysh, God will humiliate him.' And you, O enemy of God, were not content to desire that for Quraysh until you went beyond to mentioning the Messenger of God ﷺ! Strike his neck." We did not leave until he was killed.' Al-Ṣūlī cited with his chain from Saʿīd b. Salm, who said: 'I hope that God will forgive al-Hādī for something I saw from him. One day I was present with him while Abū al-Khaṭṭāb al-Saʿdī was reciting to him an ode in his praise... until he said: O best of those whose hands tied his waist-wrapper, and best of those whom Muḍar entrusted with her affair. Al-Hādī said to him: "Except whom? Woe to you!" Saʿīd said: He had not made an exception in his poetry. So I said: "O Commander of the Faithful, he only means among the people of this time." The poet thought and said: Except the Prophet, the Messenger of God, for he has excellence, and you glory in that excellence. He said: "Now you have hit the mark and done well." And he ordered for him fifty thousand dirhams.' His Children He had nine children: seven males and two daughters. The males: Jaʿfar—who is the one he had designated for the succession—and ʿAbbās, ʿAbd Allāh, Isḥāq, Ismāʿīl, Sulaymān, and Mūsā al-Aʿmā, who was born after his death and was named after his father. The two daughters were Umm ʿĪsā, whom al-Maʾmūn married, and the other, Umm al-ʿAbbās, nicknamed Nūta. The Death of al-Hādī Al-Hādī died in Rabīʿ al-Awwal of this year. His brother Hārūn, the heir apparent, prayed over him, and he was buried in a palace he had built and named al-Abyaḍ in ʿĪsābādh on the eastern side of Baghdād, and he was buried in his garden. His death was on Friday night, the middle of Rabīʿ al-Awwal; it is said on the fourteenth of Rabīʿ al-Awwal; it is said on the sixteenth; it is said his caliphate lasted a year and three months; it is said it lasted fourteen months. His age was twenty-six years; it is said twenty-three years. His kunya was Abū Muḥammad, and his mother was al-Khayzurān, an umm walad. Al-Mahdī had assigned a servant to him who would say to him: "Mūsā, close your lips," so he would press his lip together, and he was nicknamed "Mūsā Aṭbiq" (Mūsā close your lips). There is disagreement about the cause of his death. It is said its cause was an ulcer in his stomach; it is said illness at Ḥadīthat al-Mawṣil, and he returned ill and died. It is said that his death was at the hands of slave-girls of his mother al-Khayzurān, whom she ordered to kill him. The reason for her ordering that was that when he assumed the caliphate, she used to monopolize affairs without him and make him follow the path of al-Mahdī, until four months passed. People thronged to her door, and processions went morning and evening to her door. One day she spoke to him about a matter for which he found no way to grant her request, and she said: "It is necessary that you grant it to me, for I have guaranteed this need to ʿAbd Allāh b. Mālik." Al-Hādī became angry and said: "Woe to me from the son of the doer! I knew that he is her companion. By God, I will not grant it to you." She said: "Then, by God, I will never ask you for anything again." He said: "By God, I do not care." She became angry and rose in anger. He said: "Stay where you are! By God, or I am free from my kinship to the Messenger of God ﷺ. Stay where you are! By God, or I renounce my kinship to the Messenger of God. Stay where you are! By God, or I am absolved of my kinship to the Messenger of God ﷺ." If I learn that any of my commanders or my inner circle has stopped at your door, I shall strike off his neck and seize his wealth. What are these processions that come and go to your door? Do you not have a spindle to occupy you, or a muṣḥaf to remind you, or a house to protect you? Beware! Beware! Do not open your door to any Muslim or any dhimmī. She left not knowing herself, and she did not speak in his presence after that. Then he said to his companions, 'Which is better, I or you, and my mother or your mothers?' They said, 'Rather you and your mother are better.' He said, 'Which of you would like men to speak of his mother's story, so that it is said: the mother of so-and-so did such, and made such?' They said, 'We would not like that.' He said, 'Then why do you come to my mother and speak of her story?' When they heard that, they stopped coming to her. Then he sent rice, and said, 'I have found it wholesome, so eat of it.' It was said to her, 'Wait until you see!' They brought a dog and fed it, and its flesh fell off at once. He sent to her, 'How did you find the rice?' She said, 'Good.' He said, 'You did not eat of it; had you eaten of it, I would have been rid of you. When does a caliph succeed who has a mother?' It was said that the cause of his doing that was that when al-Hādī became serious about deposing al-Rashīd and giving allegiance to his son Jaʿfar, al-Khayzurān feared for al-Rashīd, so she set her slave girls upon him when he fell ill, and they killed him by smothering him and sitting on his face, and he died. She sent to Yaḥyā b. Khālid to inform him of his death. Abū Bakr al-Ṣūlī related that a pimple appeared on the top of his foot and became like an almond; he was bled and died after three days. His mother al-Khayzurān came while he still had a spark of life; she took his seal ring from his hand and said, 'Your brother has more right to this matter than you.' He saw that and could not contrive anything.
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