Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2958
Then the year 169 AH began
نسبه وصفته وَهُوَ مُوسَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَهْدِيِّ بْنِ الْمَنْصُورِ، وَيُكَنَّى أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ، وَأُمُّهُ: الْخَيْزُرَانُ أُمُّ وَلَدٍ، وَكَانَ طَوِيلًا جَسِيمًا أَبْيَضَ مُشْرَبًا حُمْرَةً، وَفِي شَفَتِهِ الْعُلْيَا تَقَلُّصٌ، وُلِدَ بِالرَّيِّ، وَكَانَ يَثِبُ عَلَى الدَّابَّةِ وَعَلَيْهِ دِرْعَانِ، وَكَانَ الْمَهْدِيُّ يُسَمِّيهِ: رَيْحَانَتِي. وَكَانَ يُسَمَّى مُوسَى أَطْبِقْ; لِأَنَّ شَفَتَهُ الْعُلْيَاِ كَانَتْ تَقْلَصُ، فَكَانَ أَبُوهُ وَكَّلَ بِهِ فِي صِغَرِهِ خَادِمًا كُلَّمَا رَآهُ مَفْتُوحَ الْفَمِ.. قَالَ: مُوسَى أَطْبِقْ، فَيُفِيقُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَيَضُمُّ شَفَتَيْهِ، فَشُهِرَ بِذَلِكَ. قَالَ الذَّهَبِيُّ: (وَكَانَ يَتَنَاوَلُ الْمُسْكِرَ وَيَلْعَبُ، وَيَرْكَبُ حِمَارًا فَارِهًا، وَلَا يُقِيمُ أُبَّهَةَ الْخِلَافَةِ، وَكَانَ مَعَ ذَلِكَ فَصِيحًا قَادِرًا عَلَى الْكَلَامِ، أَدِيبًا تَعْلُوهُ هَيْبَةٌ، وَلَهُ سَطْوَةٌ وَشَهَامَةٌ ). وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ: كَانَ جَبَّارًا، وَهُوَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ مَشَتِ الرِّجَالُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ بِالسُّيُوفِ الْمُرْهَفَةِ وَالْأَعْمِدَةِ وَالْقِسِيِّ الْمُوَتَّرَةِ; فَاتَّبَعَهُ عُمَّالُهُ بِهِ فِي ذَلِكَ، وَكَثُرَ السِّلَاحُ فِي عَصْرِهِ. ذِكْرُ أَوْلَادِهِ كَانَ لَهُ جَعْفَرٌ وَهُوَ الَّذِي يُرَشِّحُهُ لِلْخِلَافَةِ، وَالْعَبَّاسُ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ، وَإِسْحَاقُ، وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ، وَسُلَيْمَانُ، وَمُوسَى وُلِدَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِ أَبِيهِ، وَكُلُّهُمْ لِأُمَّهَاتِ أَوْلَادٍ، وَكَانَ لَهُ ابْنَتَانِ: أُمُّ عِيسَى وَكَانَتْ عِنْدَ الْمَأْمُونِ، وَأُمُّ الْعَبَّاسِ. ذِكْرُ طَرَفٍ مِنْ سِيرَتِهِ وَأَخْبَارِهِ قَالَ: الْمُطَّلِبُ بْنُ عُكَّاشَةَ الْمُزَنِيُّ قَالَ: قَدِمْنَا عَلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْهَادِي [شُهُودًا] عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنَّا شَتَمَ قُرَيْشًا، وَتَخَطَّى إِلَى ذِكْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَجَلَسَ لَنَا مَجْلِسًا أَحْضَرَ فِيهِ فُقَهَاءَ أَهْلِ زَمَانِهِ، وَمَنْ كَانَ بِالْحَضْرَةِ عَلَى بَابِهِ، وَأَحْضَرَ الرَّجُلَ وَأَحْضَرَنَا، فَشَهِدْنَا عَلَيْهِ بِمَا سَمِعْنَا مِنْهُ، فَتَغَيَّرَ وَجْهُ الْهَادِي ثُمَّ نَكَّسَ رَأْسَهُ ثُمَّ رَفَعَهُ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ أَبِي [الْمَهْدِيَّ] يُحَدِّثُ: عَنْ أَبِيهِ الْمَنْصُورِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: مَنْ أَرَادَ هَوَانَ قُرَيْشٍ أَهَانَهُ اللَّهُ. وَأَنْتَ يَا عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ لَمْ تَرْضَ بِأَنْ أَرَدْتَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ حَتَّى تَخَطَّيْتَ إِلَى ذِكْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، اضْرِبُوا عُنُقَهُ، فَمَا بَرِحْنَا حَتَّى قُتِلَ. وَعَنْ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: غَضِبَ مُوسَى الْهَادِي عَلَى رَجُلٍ، فَكُلِّمَ فِيهِ فَرَضِيَ عَنْهُ، فَذَهَبَ يَعْتَذِرُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى: إِنَّ الرِّضَا قَدْ كَفَاكَ مَئُونَةَ الِاعْتِذَارِ. وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُصْعَبٍ قَالَ: دَخَلَ مَرْوَانُ بْنُ أَبِي حَفْصَةَ عَلَى الْهَادِي فَأَنْشَدَهُ مَدِيحًا لَهُ، حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَ قَوْلَهُ: تَشَابَهَ يَوْمًا بَأْسُهُ وَنَوَالُهُ فَمَا أَحَدٌ يَدْرِي لِأَيِّهِمَا الْفَضْلُ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْهَادِي: أَيُّمَا أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ ثَلَاثُونَ أَلْفًا مُعَجَّلَةٌ أَوْ مِائَةُ أَلْفٍ تَدُورُ فِي الدَّوَاوِينِ؟ قَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، أَنْتَ تُحْسِنُ مَا هُوَ أَحْسَنُ مِنْ هَذَا، وَلَكِنَّكَ أُنْسِيتَهُ، أَفَتَأْذَنُ لِي أَنْ أُذَكِّرَكَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: تُعَجِّلُ الثَّلَاثِينَ الْأَلْفَ، وَتَدُورُ الْمِائَةُ الْأَلْفِ. قَالَ: بَلْ تُعَجَّلَانِ لَكَ جَمِيعًا، فَحُمِلَ ذَلِكَ إِلَيْهِ. قَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ سَلْمٍ: سِرْنَا مَعَ الْهَادِي بَيْنَ أَبْيَاتِ جُرْجَانَ، فَسَمِعَ صَوْتًا مِنْ بَعْضِ تِلْكَ الْبَسَاتِينِ مِنْ رَجُلٍ يَتَغَنَّى فَقَالَ لِصَاحِبِ شُرْطَتِهِ: عَلَيَّ بِالرَّجُلِ السَّاعَةَ. فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، مَا أَشْبَهَ قِصَّةَ هَذَا الْخَائِنِ بِقِصَّةِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ فِي مُتَنَزَّهٍ لَهُ وَمَعَهُ حَرَمُهُ، فَسَمِعَ مِنْ بُسْتَانٍ آخَرَ صَوْتَ رَجُلٍ يَتَغَنَّى، فَدَعَا صَاحِبَ شُرْطَتِهِ فَقَالَ: عَلَيَّ بِصَاحِبِ هَذَا الصَّوْتِ، فَلَمَّا مَثُلَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ قَالَ: مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى الْغِنَاءِ وَأَنْتَ إِلَى جَنْبِي وَمَعِي حَرَمِي! أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الرِّمَاكَ إِذَا سَمِعَتْ صَوْتَ الْفَحْلِ حَنَّتْ؟ قَالَ: فَجُبَّ الرَّجُلُ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي الْعَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ ذَهَبَ سُلَيْمَانُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ الْمُتَنَزَّهِ فَجَلَسَ وَذَكَرَ الرَّجُلَ، فَقَالَ لِصَاحِبِ شُرْطَتِهِ: عَلَيَّ بِالرَّجُلِ الَّذِي جَبَبْنَاهُ، فَلَمَّا مَثُلَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ قَالَ لَهُ: إِمَّا بِعْتَ فَوَفَّيْنَاكَ، وَإِمَّا وَهَبْتَ فَكَافَأْنَاكَ قَالَ: فَوَاللَّهِ مَا دَعَاهُ بِالْخِلَافَةِ، وَلَكِنَّهُ قَالَ: يَا سُلَيْمَانُ إِنَّكَ قَطَعْتَ نَسْلِي وَذَهَبْتَ بِمَاءِ وَجْهِي، وَحَرَمْتَنِي لَذَّتِي، ثُمَّ تَقُولُ: إِمَّا وَهَبْتَ وَإِمَّا بِعْتَ؟ لَا وَاللَّهِ حَتَّى أَقِفَ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ اللَّهِ. قَالَ: فَقَالَ مُوسَى: يَا غُلَامُ، رُدَّ صَاحِبَ الشُّرْطَةِ، فَرَدَّهُ، قَالَ: لَا تَعْرِضْ لِلرَّجُلِ. قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ صَالِحٍ: رَكِبَ الْهَادِي يَوْمًا يُرِيدُ عِيَادَةَ أُمِّهِ الْخَيْزُرَانِ مِنْ عِلَّةٍ كَانَتْ بِهَا، فَاعْتَرَضَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ بَزِيعٍ فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَلَا أَدُلُّكَ عَلَى وَجْهٍ هُوَ أَعْوَدُ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ هَذَا؟ قَالَ: وَمَا هُوَ يَا عُمَرُ؟ قَالَ: الْمَظَالِمُ، لَمْ تَنْظُرْ فِيهَا مُنْذُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ، فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَى الْمُطَرِّقَةِ أَنْ يَمِيلُوا إِلَى دَارِ الْمَظَالِمِ، وَبَعَثَ إِلَى الْخَيْزُرَانِ بِخَادِمٍ يَعْتَذِرُ مِنْ تَخَلُّفِهِ وَيَقُولُ: إِنَّ عُمَرَ أَخْبَرَنَا مِنْ حَقِّ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِمَا هُوَ أَوْجَبُ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ حَقِّكِ، فَمِلْنَا إِلَيْهِ وَنَحْنُ عَائِدُونَ إِلَيْكِ فِي غَدٍ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى. [فَائِدَةٌ ] [فِي ذِكْرِ مَنْ وَلَدَتْ خَلِيفَتَيْنِ ] وَقَالَ الصُّولِيُّ: (لَا تُعْرَفُ امْرَأَةٌ وَلَدَتْ خَلِيفَتَيْنِ إِلَّا الْخَيْزُرَانَ: أُمَّ الْهَادِي وَالرَّشِيدِ ، وَوَلَّادَةُ بِنْتُ الْعَبَّاسِ الْعَبْسِيَّةُ زَوْجُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ; وَلَدَتِ: الْوَلِيدَ وَسُلَيْمَانَ، وَشَاهِينَ بِنْتَ فَيْرُوزَ بْنِ يَزْدَجِرْدَ بْنِ كِسْرَى، وَلَدَتْ لِلْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ: يَزِيدَ النَّاقِصَ وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَوَلِيَا الْخِلَافَةَ. قُلْتُ: يُزَادُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ: بَايْ خَاتُونَ سَرِيَّةُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ الْأَخِيرِ، وَلَدَتِ: الْعَبَّاسَ وَحَمْزَةَ، وَوَلِيَا الْخِلَافَةَ، وَكَزَلَ سَرِيَّتُهُ أَيْضًا، وَلَدَتْ: دَاوُدَ وَسُلَيْمَانَ، وَوَلِيَاهَا. ركوب الهادي البريد من جرجان لبغداد ثُمَّ قَالَ الصُّولِيُّ: (لَا يُعْرَفُ خَلِيفَةٌ رَكِبَ الْبَرِيدَ إِلَّا الْهَادِيَ مِنْ جُرْجَانَ إِلَى بَغْدَادَ ، قَالَ: وَكَانَ نَقْشُ خَاتَمِهِ: اللَّهُ ثِقَةُ مُوسَى وَبِهِ يُؤْمِنُ ). مدح سلم الخاسر للهادي قَالَ الصُّولِيُّ: وَلِسَلَمٍ الْخَاسِرِ فِي الْهَادِي يَمْدَحُهُ: مُوسَى الْمَطَرُ غَيْثُ بَكْرِ ثُمَّ انْهَمَرَ أَلَوَى الْمِرَرِ كَمِ اعْتَسَرَ [ثُمَّ اتَّسَرِ ] وَكَمْ قَدَرَ ثُمَّ غَفَرْ عَدْلُ السَّيْرِ بَاقِي الْأَثَرِ خَيْرٌ وَشَرٌّ نَفْعٌ وَضُرِّ خَيْرُ الْبَشَرِ فَرْعُ مُضَرِ بَدْرٌ بَدْرٌ لِمَنْ نَظَرَ هُوَ الْوِزْرُ لِمَنْ حَضَرَ وَالْمُفْتَخَرُ لِمَنْ غَبَرَ قَالَ: (وَهَذَا عَلَى جُزْءٍ جُزْءٍ مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ، وَهُوَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ عَمِلَهُ، وَلَمْ نَسْمَعْ لِمَنْ قَبْلَهُ شِعْرًا عَلَى جُزْءٍ جُزْءٍ ).تَوَاضُعُ الْهَادِي وَمَعْرِفَتُهُ قَدْرَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَأَسْنَدَ الصُّولِيُّ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ سَلَمٍ قَالَ: (إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لِلْهَادِي بِشَيْءٍ رَأَيْتُهُ مِنْهُ، حَضَرْتُهُ يَوْمًا وَأَبُو الْخَطَّابِ السَّعْدِيُّ يَنْشُدُهُ قَصِيدَةً فِي مَدْحِهِ...، إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ: يَا خَيْرَ مَنْ عَقَدَتْ كَفَّاهُ حُجْزَتَهُ وَخَيْرَ مَنْ قَلَّدَتْهُ أَمْرَهَا مُضَرُ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْهَادِي: إِلَّا مَنْ ؟ وَيْلَكَ ! ! قَالَ سَعِيدٌ: وَلَمْ يَكُنِ اسْتَثْنَى فِي شِعْرِهِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ; إِنَّمَا يَعْنِي مِنْ أَهْلِ هَذَا الزَّمَانِ، فَأَفْكَرَ الشَّاعِرُ فَقَالَ: إِلَّا النَّبِيَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ لَهُ فَضْلًا، وَأَنْتَ بِذَاكَ الْفَضْلِ تَفْتَخِرُ فَقَالَ: الْآنَ أَصَبْتَ وَأَحْسَنْتَ، وَأَمَرَ لَهُ بِخَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ ). وَقَالَ الْمَدَائِنِيُّ: (عَزَّى الْهَادِي رَجُلًا فِي ابْنٍ لَهُ، فَقَالَ: سَرَّكَ وَهُوَ فِتْنَةٌ وَبَلِيَّةٌ، وَيُحْزِنُكَ وَهُوَ ثَوَابٌ وَرَحْمَةٌ ؟ ! ). وَقَالَ الصُّولِيُّ: قَالَ سَلْمٌ الْخَاسِرُ فِي الْهَادِي جَامِعًا بَيْنَ الْعَزَاءِ وَالْهَنَاءِ. لَقَدْ قَامَ مُوسَى بِالْخِلَافَةِ وَالْهُدَى وَمَاتَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مُحَمَّدُ فَمَاتَ الَّذِي غَمَّ الْبَرِّيَّةَ فَقْدُهُ وَقَامَ الَّذِي يَكْفِيكَ مَنْ يَتَفَقَّدُ وَقَالَ مَرْوَانُ بْنُ أَبِي حَفْصَةَ كَذَلِكَ: لَقَدْ أَصْبَحْتَ تَخْتَالُ فِي كُلِّ بَلْدَةٍ بِقَبْرِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْمَقَابِرُ وَلَوْ لَمْ تَسْكُنْ بِابْنِهِ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ لَمَا بَرِحَتْ تَبْكِي عَلَيْهِ الْمَنَابِرُ وَلَوْ لَمْ يَقُمْ مُوسَى عَلَيْهَا لَرَجَّعَتْ حَنِينًا كَمَا حَنَّ الصَّفَايَا الْعَشَائِرُ حَدِيثٌ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ الْهَادِي قَالَ الصُّولِيُّ: عَنْ الْمُطَّلِبُ بْنُ عُكَّاشَةَ الْمُرِّيُّ قَالَ: قَدِمْنَا عَلَى الْهَادِي شُهُودًا عَلَى رَجُلٍ شَتَمَ قُرَيْشًا وَتَخَطَّى إِلَى ذِكْرِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَجَلَسَ لَنَا مَجْلِسًا أَحْضَرَ فِيهِ فُقَهَاءَ زَمَانِهِ، وَأَحْضَرَ الرَّجُلَ فَشَهِدْنَا عَلَيْهِ، فَتَغَيَّرَ وَجْهُ الْهَادِي، ثُمَّ نَكَّسَ رَأْسَهُ ثُمَّ رَفَعَهُ فَقَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبِي الْمَهْدِيِّ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ الْمَنْصُورِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: (مَنْ أَرَادَ هَوَانَ قُرَيْشٍ... أَهَانَهُ اللَّهُ ) وَأَنْتَ يَا عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ لَمْ تَرْضَ بِأَنْ أَرَدْتَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ حَتَّى تَخَطَّيْتَ إِلَى ذِكْرِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، اضْرِبُوا عُنُقَهُ، أَخْرَجَهُ الْخَطِيبُ مِنْ طَرِيقِ الصُّولِيِّ. مَوْتُ الْهَادِي وَسَبَبُهُ مَاتَ فِي رَبِيعٍ الْآخِرِ سَنَةَ سَبْعِينَ وَمِائَةٍ ; وَاخْتُلِفَ فِي سَبَبِ مَوْتِهِ: فَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ دَفَعَ نَدِيمًا لَهُ مِنْ جَرْفٍ عَلَى أُصُولِ قَصَبٍ قَدْ قُطِعَ فَتَعَلَّقَ النَّدِيمُ بِهِ فَوَقَعَا فَدَخَلَتْ قَصَبَةٌ فِي مَخْرَجِهِ، فَمَاتَا جَمِيعًا. وَقِيلَ: أَصَابَتْهُ قُرْحَةٌ فِي جَوْفِهِ. وَقِيلَ: سَمَّتْهُ أُمُّهُ الْخَيْزُرَانُ لَمَّا عَزَمَ عَلَى قَتْلِ الرَّشِيدِ لِيُعْهَدَ إِلَى وَلَدِهِ. وَقِيلَ: كَانَتْ أُمُّهُ حَاكِمَةً مُسْتَبِدَّةً بِالْأُمُورِ الْكِبَارِ، وَكَانَتِ الْمَوَاكِبُ تَغْدُو إِلَى بَابِهَا، فَزَجَرَهُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، وَكَلَّمَهَا بِكَلَامٍ فَجٍّ، وَقَالَ: لَئِنْ وَقَفَ بِبَابِكِ أَمِيرٌ... لَأَضْرِبَنَّ عُنُقَهُ; أَمَا لَكِ مِغْزَلٌ يَشْغَلُكِ، أَوْ مُصْحَفٌ يُذَكِّرُكِ، أَوْ سُبْحَةٌ ؟ ! فَقَامَتْ مَا تَعْقِلُ مِنَ الْغَضَبِ، فَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهَا بِطَعَامٍ مَسْمُومٍ، فَأَطْعَمَتْ مِنْهُ كَلْبًا فَانْتَثَرَ، فَعَمِلَتْ عَلَى قَتْلِهِ لَمَّا وُعِكَ; بِأَنْ غَمُّوا وَجْهَهُ بِبِسَاطٍ جَلَسُوا عَلَى جَوَانِبِهِ، وَخَلَّفَ سَبْعَةَ بَنِينَ. من شعر الهادي وَمِنْ شِعْرِ الْهَادِي فِي أَخِيهِ هَارُونَ لَمَّا امْتَنَعَ مِنْ خَلْعِ نَفْسِهِ. نَصَحْتُ لِهَارُونَ فَرَدَّ نَصِيحَتِي وَكُلُّ امْرِئٍ لَا يَقْبَلُ النُّصْحَ نَادِمُ وَأَدْعُوهُ لِلْأَمْرِ الْمُؤَلِّفِ بَيْنَنَا فَيَبْعُدُ عَنْهُ وَهُوَ فِي ذَاكَ ظَالِمُ وَلَوْلَا انْتِظَارِي مِنْهُ يَوْمًا إِلَى غَدٍ لَعَادَ إِلَى مَا قُلْتُهُ وَهُوَ رَاغِمُ .
Translation
✧ His lineage and description He is Mūsā b. Muḥammad al-Mahdī b. al-Manṣūr, and he is given the kunyah Abū Muḥammad. His mother was: Al-Khayzurān, an umm walad. He was tall, corpulent, fair-skinned with a ruddy complexion, and in his upper lip there was a contraction. He was born in al-Rayy, and he used to leap onto a mount while wearing two coats of mail. Al-Mahdī used to call him: my sweet basil. He was called "Mūsā, shut [your mouth]" because his upper lip used to contract, so his father, when he was young, assigned a servant to him: whenever he saw him with his mouth open... he would say: "Mūsā, shut [your mouth]," and he would regain control of himself and press his lips together, and thus he became known for that. Al-Dhahabī said: (He used to consume intoxicants and play, and he rode a fine donkey, and he did not maintain the pomp of the caliphate. Despite that, he was eloquent, capable in speech, cultured, with an awe-inspiring presence, and he had authority and gallantry). Others said: He was a tyrant, and he was the first before whom men walked with unsheathed swords, maces, and strung bows; his officials followed his example in that, and weaponry became widespread in his era. Mention of his children He had Jaʿfar, who was the one he groomed for the caliphate, al-ʿAbbās, ʿAbd Allāh, Isḥāq, Ismāʿīl, Sulaymān, and Mūsā, who was born after his father's death; all of them were born to ummahāt awlād. He had two daughters: Umm ʿĪsā, who was married to al-Maʾmūn, and Umm al-ʿAbbās. Mention of some aspects of his conduct and reports He said: Al-Muṭṭalib b. ʿUkāshah al-Muzanī said: We came to the Commander of the Faithful al-Hādī [as witnesses] against a man among us who had reviled Quraysh and went so far as to mention the Messenger of God ﷺ. He held a session for us in which he brought together the jurists of his time and those who were present at his gate. He brought the man and brought us, and we testified against him about what we had heard from him. Al-Hādī's face changed, then he lowered his head, then raised it and said: I heard my father [al-Mahdī] narrate: from his father al-Manṣūr, from his father Muḥammad b. ʿAlī, from his father ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh, from his father ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbbās, who said: Whoever desires the humiliation of Quraysh, God humiliates him. And you, O enemy of God, were not content with desiring that for Quraysh until you went so far as to mention the Messenger of God ﷺ. Strike his neck. We had not left before he was killed. From al-ʿAbbās b. al-Faḍl, from his father, who said: Mūsā al-Hādī became angry with a man, and he was interceded for until he was pleased with him. The man went to apologize, and Mūsā said to him: Being pleased has spared you the trouble of apologizing. From ʿAbd Allāh b. Muṣʿab, who said: Marwān b. Abī Ḥafṣah entered upon al-Hādī and recited a eulogy for him, until he reached his saying: His might and his bounty resembled each other one day, so no one knows which of them has the greater merit. Al-Hādī said to him: Which would you prefer: thirty thousand [dirhams] in cash or a hundred thousand to be processed in the registers? He said: O Commander of the Faithful, you know better than this what is more excellent, but you have forgotten it. Will you permit me to remind you? He said: Yes. He said: You give the thirty thousand in cash, and let the hundred thousand be processed. He said: Rather, both shall be given to you in cash. And that was carried to him. Saʿīd b. Salm said: We traveled with al-Hādī among the houses of Jurjān, and he heard a voice from one of those gardens of a man singing. He said to the chief of his police: Bring me the man this instant. I said: O Commander of the Faithful, how similar the story of this traitor is to the story of Sulaymān b. ʿAbd al-Malik. He was in a pleasure garden of his with his women, and he heard from another garden the voice of a man singing. He summoned the chief of his police and said: Bring me the owner of this voice. When he stood before him, he said: What made you sing while you are next to me and my women are with me? Do you not know that when mares hear the voice of a stallion they yearn? He said: So the man was castrated. Then the next year Sulaymān went to that pleasure garden and sat down and remembered the man. He said to the chief of his police: Bring me the man whom we castrated. When he stood before him, he said to him: Either you sold [it] and we have compensated you, or you gave it as a gift and we have rewarded you. He said: By God, he did not appeal to him by the caliphate, but he said: O Sulaymān, you have cut off my progeny, taken away my honor, and deprived me of my pleasure, and then you say: either you gave it as a gift or you sold it? No, by God, not until I stand before God. He said: Then Mūsā said: O boy, call back the chief of the police. So he called him back, and he said: Do not trouble the man. ʿAlī b. Ṣāliḥ said: One day al-Hādī rode out intending to visit his mother al-Khayzurān during an illness she had. ʿUmar b. Bazīʿ intercepted him and said: O Commander of the Faithful, shall I not guide you to something more beneficial to you than this? He said: And what is it, O ʿUmar? He said: The court of grievances; you have not looked into it for three days. So he gestured to the escort to turn toward the house of grievances, and he sent a servant to al-Khayzurān to apologize for his absence and to say: ʿUmar has informed us of a right of God, mighty and glorious, that is more incumbent upon us than your right, so we turned to it, and we will return to you tomorrow, if God, exalted, wills. [Note] [On mentioning women who gave birth to two caliphs] Al-Ṣūlī said: (No woman is known to have given birth to two caliphs except al-Khayzurān, mother of al-Hādī and al-Rashīd, and Wallādah bt. al-ʿAbbās al-ʿAbsiyyah, wife of ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān; she gave birth to al-Walīd and Sulaymān, and Shāhīn bt. Fayrūz b. Yazdajird b. Kisrā; she gave birth to al-Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik: Yazīd the Deficient and Ibrāhīm, and they both held the caliphate. I say: To that may be added: Bāy Khātūn, concubine of the later al-Mutawakkil, gave birth to al-ʿAbbās and Ḥamzah, and they both held the caliphate, and Kazal, also his concubine, gave birth to Dāwūd and Sulaymān, and they both held it. Al-Hādī's riding the post from Jurjān to Baghdad Then al-Ṣūlī said: (No caliph is known to have ridden the post except al-Hādī, from Jurjān to Baghdad. He said: The inscription on his signet ring was: God is the trust of Mūsā, and in Him he believes.) Salm al-Khāsir's praise of al-Hādī Al-Ṣūlī said: Salm al-Khāsir said in praise of al-Hādī: Mūsā is the rain, the abundant downpour of a cloud; then it poured down, he turned away calamities; how many has he seized, then released; and how many has he decreed against, then pardoned; just in conduct, enduring in trace; good and evil, benefit and harm; the best of mankind, branch of Muḍar; a full moon, a full moon for whoever looks; he is the refuge for whoever attends; and the boast for whoever remains. He said: (This is in the meter mustafʿilun mustafʿilun, piece by piece, and he was the first to compose it, and we have not heard poetry before him in piece-by-piece meter.) Al-Hādī's humility and his recognition of the status of the Prophet ﷺ Al-Ṣūlī transmitted with a chain from Saʿīd b. Salm, who said: (I hope that God will forgive al-Hādī for something I saw from him. I was present one day when Abū al-Khaṭṭāb al-Saʿdī was reciting to him a poem in his praise... until he said: O best of those whose hands have tied his waist-wrapper, and best of those whom Muḍar has entrusted with her affairs. Al-Hādī said to him: Except whom? Woe to you! Saʿīd said: He had not made an exception in his poem, so I said: O Commander of the Faithful, he only means among the people of this time. The poet thought, then said: Except the Prophet, the Messenger of God, for he has excellence, and by that excellence you boast. He said: Now you have spoken correctly and well. And he ordered for him fifty thousand dirhams.) Al-Madāʾinī said: (Al-Hādī consoled a man for the loss of a son, and said: He delighted you while he was a trial and affliction, and he grieves you while he is reward and mercy?) Al-Ṣūlī said: Salm al-Khāsir said about al-Hādī, combining consolation and congratulation: Mūsā has risen with the caliphate and guidance, and the Commander of the Faithful Muḥammad has died; so he died whose loss grieved mankind, and he has risen who suffices you from whoever is missed. Marwān b. Abī Ḥafṣah likewise said: The cemeteries have become proud in every land of the grave of the Commander of the Faithful; and had they not been inhabited by his son after his death, the pulpits would have continued weeping for him; and had Mūsā not stood upon them, they would have echoed with yearning as the chosen ones of the tribes yearn. A report from the transmission of al-Hādī Al-Ṣūlī said, from al-Muṭṭalib b. ʿUkāshah al-Murrī, who said: We came to al-Hādī as witnesses against a man who had reviled Quraysh and went so far as to mention the Prophet ﷺ. He held a session for us in which he brought together the jurists of his time, and he brought the man, and we testified against him. Al-Hādī's face changed, then he lowered his head, then raised it and said: I heard my father al-Mahdī narrate from his father al-Manṣūr, from his father Muḥammad, from his father ʿAlī, from his father ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbbās, who said: (Whoever desires the humiliation of Quraysh... God humiliates him.) And you, O enemy of God, were not content with desiring that for Quraysh until you went so far as to mention the Prophet ﷺ. Strike his neck. Al-Khaṭīb transmitted it by way of al-Ṣūlī. The death of al-Hādī and its cause He died in Rabīʿ al-Ākhir in the year one hundred and seventy. There is disagreement about the cause of his death: It is said that he pushed a drinking companion of his off a bank onto the stumps of cut reeds, and the companion clung to him, and they both fell, and a reed entered his back passage, and they both died. It is said that an ulcer afflicted him in his belly. It is said that his mother al-Khayzurān poisoned him when he resolved to kill al-Rashīd in order to appoint his own son as heir. It is said that his mother was a ruler who exercised absolute control over major affairs, and processions used to go to her door, so he rebuked them for that and spoke to her with harsh words, saying: If any commander stops at your door... I will strike his neck. Do you not have a spindle to occupy you, or a copy of the Qurʾān to remind you, or prayer beads? She rose, not knowing what she was doing from anger. It is said that he sent her poisoned food, and she fed some of it to a dog, and it died, so she set about killing him when he fell ill, by covering his face with a carpet while they sat on its edges. He left behind seven sons. From the poetry of al-Hādī From al-Hādī's poetry about his brother Hārūn when he refused to remove himself: I advised Hārūn, but he rejected my advice, and every man who does not accept advice is regretful; and I call him to the matter that unites us, but he distances himself from it, and in that he is unjust; and were it not for my waiting for him from one day to the next, he would have returned to what I said, and he would be compelled. .
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