Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2949
Then the year 166 AH began
البيعة لهارون بولاية العهد 166 ثُمَّ دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ سِتٍّ وَسِتِّينَ وَمِائَةٍ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ أَخَذَ الْمَهْدِيُّ الْبَيْعَةَ لِوَلَدِهِ هَارُونَ الرَّشِيدِ بِوِلَايَةِ الْعَهْدِ ، بَعْدَ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى الْهَادِي، وَلَقَّبَهُ الرَّشِيدَ. عُزِلَ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ عَنْ قَضَاءِ الْبَصْرَةِ وَفِيهَا عُزِلَ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ عَنْ قَضَاءِ الْبَصْرَةِ، وَاسْتُقْضِيَ خَالِدُ بْنُ طُلَيْقِ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ، فَاسْتَعْفَى أَهْلُ الْبَصْرَةِ مِنْهُ. وَفِيهَا: اعْتَمَرَ الْمَهْدِيُّ عُمْرَةً فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ، وَأَفْطَرَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، وَصَلَّى بِهِمْ فِي الْفِطْرِ، وَاسْتَقْضَى أَبَا سُفْيَانَ. وَفِيهَا: عُزِلَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ وَمَا كَانَ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الْعَمَلِ . ذِكْرُ الْقَبْضِ عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ وَفِي هَذِهِ سَخِطَ الْمَهْدِيُّ عَلَى وَزِيرِهِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ بْنِ طَهْمَانَ، ( وَكَانَ أَوَّلُ أَمْرِهِمْ أَنَّ دَاوُدَ بْنَ طَهْمَانَ )، وَهُوَ أَبُو يَعْقُوبَ، كَانَ يَكْتُبُ لِنَصْرِ بْنِ سَيَّارٍ، هُوَ وَإِخْوَتُهُ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ أَيَّامُ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَيْدٍ كَانَ دَاوُدُ يُعْلِمُهُ مَا يَسْمَعُهُ مِنْ نَصْرٍ، فَلَمَّا طَلَبَ أَبُو مُسْلِمٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيُّ بِدَمِ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَيْدٍ أَتَاهُ دَاوُدُ، لِمَا كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ يَحْيَى، فَآمَنَهُ أَبُو مُسْلِمٍ فِي نَفْسِهِ، وَأَخَذَ مَالَهُ الَّذِي اسْتَفَادَ أَيَّامَ نَصْرٍ. فَلَمَّا مَاتَ دَاوُدُ خَرَجَ أَوْلَادُهُ أَهْلَ أَدَبٍ وَعِلْمٍ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ عِنْدَ بَنِي الْعَبَّاسِ مَنْزِلَةٌ، فَلَمْ يَطْمَعُوا فِي خِدْمَتِهِمْ لِحَالِ أَبِيهِمْ مِنْ كِتَابَةِ نَصْرٍ، وَأَظْهَرُوا مَقَالَةَ الزَّيْدِيَّةِ وَدَنَوْا مِنْ آلِ الْحُسَيْنِ، وَطَمِعُوا أَنْ تَكُونَ لَهُمْ دَوْلَةٌ، فَكَانَ دَاوُدُ يَصْحَبُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ أَحْيَانًا. وَخَرَجَ مَعَهُ هُوَ وَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ إِخْوَتِهِ، فَلَمَّا قُتِلَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ طَلَبَهُمُ الْمَنْصُورُ، فَأَخَذَ يَعْقُوبَ وَعَلِيًّا وَحَبَسَهُمَا، فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ الْمَنْصُورُ أَطْلَقَهُمَا الْمَهْدِيُّ مَعَ مَنْ أَطْلَقَهُ، وَكَانَ مَعَهُمَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، فَاتَّصَلَ إِلَى الْمَهْدِيِّ بِسَبَبِهِ، كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُهُ. وَقِيلَ: اتَّصَلَ بِهِ بِالسِّعَايَةِ بِآلِ عَلِيٍّ، وَلَمْ يَزَلْ أَمْرُهُ يَرْتَفِعُ، حَتَّى اسْتَوْزَرَهُ. وَكَانَ الْمَهْدِيُّ يَقُولُ: وُصِفَ لِي يَعْقُوبُ فِي مَنَامِي، فَقِيلَ لِي: اسْتَوْزِرْهُ، فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهُ رَأَيْتُ الْخِلْقَةَ الَّتِي وُصِفَتْ لِي، فَاتَّخَذْتُهُ وَزِيرًا، فَلَمَّا وَلِيَ الْوِزَارَةَ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى الزَّيْدِيَّةِ، فَجَمَعَهُمْ وَوَلَّاهُمْ أُمُورَ الْخِلَافَةِ فِي الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ، وَلِذَلِكَ قَالَ بَشَّارُ بْنُ بُرْدٍ: بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ هُبُّوا طَالَ نَوْمُكُمُ إِنَّ الْخَلِيفَةَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ضَاعَتْ خِلَافَتُكُمْ يَا قَوْمِ فَالْتَمِسُوا خَلِيفَةَ اللَّهِ بَيْنَ النَّايِ وَالْعُودِ. فَحَسَدَهُ مَوَالِي الْمَهْدِيِّ، وَسَعَوْا بِهِ، وَقِيلَ لَهُ: إِنَّ الشَّرْقَ وَالْغَرْبَ فِي يَدِ يَعْقُوبَ وَأَصْحَابِهِ، وَإِنَّمَا يَكْفِيهِ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَيَثُورُوا فِي يَوْمٍ وَاحِدٍ فَيَأْخُذُوا الدُّنْيَا [ لِإِسْحَاقَ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ ]، فَمَلَأَ ذَلِكَ قَلْبَ الْمَهْدِيِّ. وَلَمَّا بَنَى الْمَهْدِيُّ عِيسَابَاذَ أَتَاهُ خَادِمٌ مِنْ خَدَمِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ: إِنَّ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ لِي: أَبَنَى مُتَنَزَّهًا أَنْفَقَ عَلَيْهِ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفِ أَلْفٍ مِنْ بَيْتِ الْمَالِ ؟ فَحَفِظَهَا الْمَهْدِيُّ، وَنَسِيَ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، وَظَنَّ أَنَّ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَهَا، فَبَيْنَمَا يَعْقُوبُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ إِذْ لَبَّبَهُ فَضَرَبَ بِهِ الْأَرْضَ، وَقَالَ: أَلَسْتَ الْقَائِلَ كَيْتَ وَكَيْتَ ؟ فَقَالَ: وَاللَّهِ مَا قَلْتُهُ وَلَا سَمِعْتُهُ ! قَالَ: وَكَانَ السُّعَاةُ يَسْعَوْنَ لَيْلًا، وَيَتَفَرَّقُونَ وَهُمْ يَعْتَقِدُونَ أَنَّهُ يَقْبِضُهُ بُكْرَةً فَإِذَا أَصْبَحَ غَدَا عَلَيْهِ، فَإِذَا نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ تَبَسَّمَ وَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ مَبِيتِهِ. وَكَانَ الْمَهْدِيُّ مُسْتَهْتِرًا بِالنِّسَاءِ، فَيَخُوضُ يَعْقُوبُ مَعَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ، فَيَفْتَرِقَانِ عَنْ رِضًى ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ كَانَ لِيَعْقُوبَ بِرْذَوْنٌ كَانَ يَرْكَبُهُ، فَخَرَجَ يَوْمًا مِنْ عِنْدِ الْمَهْدِيِّ وَعَلَيْهِ طَيْلَسَانٌ يَتَقَعْقَعُ مِنْ كَثْرَةِ دَقِّهِ، وَالْبِرْذَوْنُ مَعَ الْغُلَامِ وَقَدْ نَامَ الْغُلَامُ، فَرَكِبَ يَعْقُوبُ، وَأَرَادَ تَسْوِيَةَ الطَّيْلَسَانِ، فَنَفَرَ مِنْ قَعْقَعَتِهِ فَسَقَطَ، فَدَنَا مِنْ دَابَّتِهِ، فَرَفَسَهُ، فَانْكَسَرَ سَاقُهُ، فَانْقَطَعَ عَنِ الرُّكُوبِ. فَعَادَهُ الْمَهْدِيُّ مِنَ الْغَدِ، ثُمَّ انْقَطَعَ عَنْهُ، فَتَمَكَّنَ السُّعَاةُ مِنْهُ، فَأَظْهَرَ الْمَهْدِيُّ السُّخْطَ عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِهِ فَسُجِنَ فِي سِجْنِ نَصْرٍ، وَأُخِذَ عُمَّالُهُ وَأَصْحَابُهُ فَحُبِسُوا. وَقَالَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ: بَعَثَ إِلَيَّ الْمَهْدِيُّ يَوْمًا، فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ فِي مَجْلِسٍ مَفْرُوشٍ بِفَرْشٍ مُوَرَّدٍ عَلَى بُسْتَانٍ فِيهِ شَجَرٌ، وَرُءُوسُ الشَّجَرِ مَعَ صَحْنِ الْمَجْلِسِ، وَقَدِ اكْتَسَى ذَلِكَ الشَّجَرُ بِالْأَزْهَارِ، فَمَا رَأَيْتُ شَيْئًا أَحْسَنَ مِنْهُ، وَعِنْدَهُ جَارِيَةٌ عَلَيْهَا نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ الْفَرْشِ مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحْسَنَ مِنْهَا. فَقَالَ لِي: يَا يَعْقُوبُ ! كَيْفَ تَرَى مَجْلِسَنَا هَذَا ؟ قُلْتُ: عَلَى غَايَةِ الْحُسْنِ، فَمَتَّعَ اللَّهُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِهِ قَالَ: هُوَ لَكَ بِمَا فِيهِ وَهَذِهِ الْجَارِيَةُ لِيَتِمَّ سُرُورُكَ بِهِ، قَالَ: فَدَعَوْتُ لَهُ. ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي: يَا يَعْقُوبُ، وَلِي إِلَيْكَ حَاجَةٌ أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَضْمَنَ لِي قَضَاءَهَا، قُلْتُ: الْأَمْرُ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَعَلَيَّ السَّمْعُ وَالطَّاعَةُ، فَاسْتَحْلَفَنِي بِاللَّهِ وَبِرَأْسِهِ، فَحَلَفْتُ لَأَعْمَلَنَّ بِمَا قَالَ، فَقَالَ: هَذَا فُلَانُ بْنُ فُلَانٍ مِنْ وَلَدِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، وَأُحِبُّ أَنْ تَكْفِيَنِي مَئُونَتَهُ وَتُرِيحَنِي مِنْهُ وَتُعَجِّلَ ذَلِكَ، قُلْتُ: أَفْعَلُ. فَأَخَذْتُهُ وَأَخَذْتُ الْجَارِيَةَ وَجَمِيعَ مَا فِي الْمَجْلِسِ، وَأَمَرَ لِي بِمِائَةِ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ، فَلِشِدَّةِ سُرُورِي بِالْجَارِيَةِ صَيَّرْتُهَا فِي مَجْلِسٍ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهَا سِتْرٌ، وَأَدْخَلْتُ الْعَلَوِيَّ إِلَيَّ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ حَالِهِ، فَأَخْبَرَنِي وَإِذَا هُوَ أَعْقَلُ النَّاسِ، وَأَحْسَنُهُمْ إِبَانَةً عَنْ نَفْسِهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَيْحَكَ يَا يَعْقُوبُ، تَلْقَى اللَّهَ بِدَمِي، وَأَنَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ وَلَدِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ ! قُلْتُ: لَا وَاللَّهِ، فَهَلْ فِيكَ أَنْتَ خَيْرٌ ؟ قَالَ: إِنْ فَعَلْتَ خَيْرًا شَكَرْتُ، وَلَكَ عِنْدِي دُعَاءٌ وَاسْتِغْفَارٌ. فَقُلْتُ: أَيُّ الطُّرُقِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ ؟ قَالَ: كَذَا وَكَذَا، فَأَرْسَلْتُ إِلَى مَنْ يَثِقُ إِلَيْهِ الْعَلَوِيُّ، فَأَخَذَهُ وَأَعْطَيْتُهُ مَالًا، وَأَرْسَلَتِ الْجَارِيَةُ إِلَى الْمَهْدِيِّ تُعْلِمُهُ الْحَالَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى الطَّرِيقِ، فَأَخَذَ الْعَلَوِيَّ وَصَاحِبَهُ وَالْمَالَ. فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْغَدُ اسْتَحْضَرَنِي الْمَهْدِيُّ وَسَأَلَنِي عَنِ الْعَلَوِيِّ، فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ أَنِّي قَتَلْتُهُ، فَاسْتَحْلَفَنِي بِاللَّهِ وَبِرَأْسِهِ، فَحَلَفْتُ لَهُ، فَقَالَ: يَا غُلَامُ أَخْرِجْ إِلَيْنَا مَا فِي هَذَا الْبَيْتِ، فَأَخْرَجَ الْعَلَوِيَّ وَصَاحِبَهُ وَالْمَالَ، فَبَقِيتُ مُتَحَيِّرًا، وَامْتَنَعَ مِنِّي الْكَلَامُ فَمَا أَدْرِي مَا أَقُولُ، فَقَالَ الْمَهْدِيُّ: قَدْ حَلَّ لِي دَمُكَ، وَلَكِنِ احْبِسُوهُ فِي الْمُطْبِقِ وَلَا أُذَكَّرُ بِهِ. فَحُبِسْتُ فِي الْمُطْبِقِ، وَاتُّخِذَ لِي فِيهِ بِئْرٌ، فَدُلِّيتُ فِيهَا، فَبَقِيتُ مُدَّةً لَا أَعْرِفُ عَدَدَهَا، وَأُصِبْتُ بِبَصَرِي. قَالَ: فَإِنِّي لَكَذَلِكَ إِذْ دُعِيَ بِي، وَقِيلَ لِي: سَلِّمْ عَلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ! فَسَلَّمْتُ، قَالَ: أَيُّ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنَا ؟ قُلْتُ: الْمَهْدِيُّ، قَالَ رَحِمَ اللَّهُ الْمَهْدِيَّ قُلْتُ: فَالْهَادِي، قَالَ: رَحِمَ اللَّهُ الْهَادِي. قُلْتُ: فَالرَّشِيدُ، قَالَ: نَعَمْ ! سَلْ حَاجَتَكَ. قُلْتُ: الْمُقَامُ بِمَكَّةَ، فَمَا بَقِيَ فِيَّ مُسْتَمْتَعٌ لِشَيْءٍ وَلَا بَلَاغٌ، فَأَذِنَ لِي، فَسِرْتُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ، قَالَ: فَلَمْ تَطُلْ أَيَّامُهُ بِهَا حَتَّى مَاتَ. وَكَانَ يَعْقُوبُ قَدْ ضَجِرَ بِمَوْضِعِهِ قَبْلَ حَبْسِهِ، وَكَانَ أَصْحَابُ الْمَهْدِيِّ يَشْرَبُونَ عِنْدَهُ، فَكَانَ يَعْقُوبُ يَنْهَاهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، وَيَعِظُهُ، وَيَقُولُ: لَيْسَ عَلَى هَذَا اسْتَوْزَرْتَنِي، وَلَا عَلَيْهِ صَحِبْتُكَ، أَبَعْدَ الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْجَامِعِ يُشْرَبُ عِنْدَكَ النَّبِيذُ ؟ فَضَيَّقَ عَلَى الْمَهْدِيِّ حَتَّى قِيلَ: فَدَعْ عَنْكَ يَعْقُوبَ بْنَ دَاوُدَ جَانِبًا وَأَقْبِلْ عَلَى صَهْبَاءَ طَيِّبَةِ النَّشْرِ وَقَالَ يَعْقُوبُ يَوْمًا لِلْمَهْدِيِّ فِي أَمْرٍ أَرَادَهُ: هَذَا وَاللَّهِ السَّرَفُ ! فَقَالَ الْمَهْدِيُّ: وَيْحَكَ يَا يَعْقُوبُ، إِنَّمَا يَحْسُنُ السَّرَفُ بِأَهْلِ الشَّرَفِ. وَلَوْلَا السَّرَفُ لَمْ يُعْرَفِ الْمُكْثِرُونَ مِنَ الْمُقِلِّينَ. قُدُومُ هَارُونَ وَمَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنْ خَلِيجِ الْقُسْطَنْطِينِيَّةِ ثُمَّ دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ سِتٍّ وَسِتِّينَ وَمِائَةٍ فَمِنَ الْحَوَادِثِ فِيهَا: قُدُومُ هَارُونَ وَمَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنْ خَلِيجِ الْقُسْطَنْطِينِيَّةِ فِي الْمُحَرَّمِ لِثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً بَقِيَتْ فِيهِ. وَقَدِمَتِ الرُّومُ بِالْجِزْيَةِ مَعَهُمْ، وَجَاءُوا مَعَ الْمَالِ بِثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفَ رِطْلٍ مِنَ الْمِرْعِزَّى. ذِكْرُ عِدَّةِ حَوَادِثَ وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ سَارَ الْمَهْدِيُّ إِلَى جُرْجَانَ، وَجَعَلَ عَلَى قَضَائِهِ أَبَا يُوسُفَ [ يَعْقُوبَ بْنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ]. وَفِيهَا أَمَرَ الْمَهْدِيُّ بِإِقَامَةِ الْبَرِيدِ بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ وَالْيَمَنِ، بِبِغَالٍ وَإِبِلٍ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ هُنَالِكَ بَرِيدٌ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ. وَفِيهَا اضْطَرَبَتْ خُرَاسَانُ عَلَى الْمُسَيَّبِ بْنِ زُهَيْرٍ، فَوَلَّاهَا الْفَضْلَ بْنَ سُلَيْمَانَ الطُّوسِيَّ أَبَا الْعَبَّاسِ. وَأَضَافَ إِلَيْهِ سِجِسْتَانَ، فَاسْتَخْلَفَ عَلَى سِجِسْتَانَ تَمِيمَ بْنَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ دَعْلَجٍ. وَفِيهَا أَخَذَ الْمَهْدِيُّ دَاوُدَ بْنَ رَوْحِ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ، وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنَ مُجَالِدٍ، وَمُحَمَّدَ بْنَ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْمَكِّيَّ، وَمُحَمَّدَ بْنَ طَيْفُورَ فِي الزَّنْدَقَةِ، فَاسْتَتَابَهُمْ وَخَلَّى سَبِيلَهُمْ، وَبَعَثَ دَاوُدَ إِلَى أَبِيهِ، وَهُوَ عَلَى الْبَصْرَةِ، وَأَمَرَهُ بِتَأْدِيبِهِ. وَفِيهَا اسْتَعْمَلَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، وَكَانَ عَلَى مَكَّةَ وَالطَّائِفِ: عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ قُثَمَ. وَفِيهَا عُزِلَ مَنْصُورُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ عَنِ الْيَمَنِ، وَاسْتُعْمِلَ [ مَكَانَهُ ] عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الرَّبْعِيُّ. وَفِيهَا أَطْلَقَ الْمَهْدِيُّ عَبْدَ الصَّمَدِ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ مِنْ حَبْسِهِ، وَحَجَّ بِالنَّاسِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ يَحْيَى. وَكَانَ عَلَى الْكُوفَةِ: هَاشِمُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، وَعَلَى الْبَصْرَةِ: رَوْحُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ، وَعَلَى قَضَائِهَا: خَالِدُ بْنُ طُلَيْقٍ، وَعَلَى كُوَرِ دِجْلَةَ، وَكَسْكَرَ، وَأَعْمَالِ الْبَصْرَةِ وَالْبَحْرَيْنِ، وَالْأَهْوَازِ، وَفَارِسَ، وَكَرْمَانَ: الْمُعَلَّى مَوْلَى الْمَهْدِيِّ. وَعَلَى مِصْرَ: إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، وَعَلَى إِفْرِيقِيَّةَ: يَزِيدُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ، وَعَلَى طَبَرِسْتَانَ، وَالرُّويَانِ، وَجُرْجَانَ: يَحْيَى الْحَرَشِيُّ، وَعَلَى دُنْبَاوَنْدَ وَقُومِسَ: فَرَاشَةُ مَوْلَى الْمَهْدِيِّ، وَعَلَى الرَّيِّ: سَعْدٌ مَوْلَاهُ. وَعَلَى الْمَوْصِلِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْهَاشِمِيُّ، وَقِيلَ: مُوسَى بْنُ كَعْبٍ الْخَثْعَمِيُّ، وَعَلَى قَضَائِهَا: عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ. وَلَمْ يَكُنْ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ صَائِفَةٌ، لِلْهُدْنَةِ [ الَّتِي كَانَتْ فِيهَا ].
Translation
✧ The Oath of Allegiance to Harun for the Succession 166 Then the year one hundred and sixty-six AH began. In this year, al-Mahdi took the oath of allegiance for his son Harun al-Rashid to the succession, after his brother Musa al-Hadi, and gave him the title al-Rashid. ʿUbayd Allah b. al-Hasan al-ʿAnbari was dismissed from the judgeship of al-Basrah. In it, ʿUbayd Allah b. al-Hasan al-ʿAnbari was dismissed from the judgeship of al-Basrah, and Khalid b. Tulayq b. ʿImran b. Husayn was appointed judge, but the people of al-Basrah asked to be excused from him. In it, al-Mahdi performed an ʿumrah in the month of Ramadan, broke his fast in al-Madinah, led them in the ʿId al-Fitr prayer, and appointed Abu Sufyan as judge. In it, Jaʿfar b. Sulayman was dismissed from Makkah and al-Madinah and whatever authority he held. The Arrest of Yaʿqub b. Dawud. In this year, al-Mahdi became displeased with his vizier Yaʿqub b. Dawud b. Tahman. The beginning of their affair was that Dawud b. Tahman, the father of Yaʿqub, used to write for Nasr b. Sayyar, he and his brothers. During the days of Yahya b. Zayd, Dawud used to inform him of what he heard from Nasr. When Abu Muslim al-Khurasani sought vengeance for the blood of Yahya b. Zayd, Dawud went to him because of what had been between him and Yahya, and Abu Muslim granted him safety for himself, but seized his wealth that he had acquired during the days of Nasr. When Dawud died, his sons emerged as men of refinement and knowledge, but they had no standing with the Banu al-ʿAbbas, and they did not aspire to serve them because of their father's position as a secretary of Nasr. They openly professed the Zaydi doctrine and drew near to the family of al-Husayn, hoping that a state would be theirs. Dawud used to accompany Ibrahim b. ʿAbd Allah b. al-Hasan at times. He and several of his brothers went out with him. When Ibrahim was killed, al-Mansur sought them, and he seized Yaʿqub and ʿAli and imprisoned them. When al-Mansur died, al-Mahdi released them along with those he released, and al-Hasan b. Ibrahim was with them. He gained access to al-Mahdi through him, as has been mentioned previously. It is said: He gained access to him by denouncing the family of ʿAli, and his status kept rising until he made him vizier. Al-Mahdi used to say: Yaʿqub was described to me in my sleep, and it was said to me: Make him your vizier. When I saw him, I saw the appearance that had been described to me, so I took him as vizier. When he became vizier, he sent for the Zaydis, gathered them, and appointed them over the affairs of the caliphate in the east and the west. For that reason, Bashshar b. Burd said: Banu Umayyah, wake up, your slumber has grown long; the caliph is Yaʿqub b. Dawud. Your caliphate has been lost, O people, so seek a caliph of God among the flute and the lute. Then al-Mahdi's clients envied him, and they denounced him. It was said to him: The east and the west are in the hands of Yaʿqub and his companions, and it would suffice for him to write to them and they would rise in a single day and seize the world [for Ishaq b. al-Fadl]. That filled al-Mahdi's heart. When al-Mahdi built ʿIsabadh, a servant of his came to him and said to him: Ahmad b. Ismaʿil b. ʿAli said to me: Has he built a pleasure resort on which he spent fifty million from the public treasury? Al-Mahdi remembered that, but he forgot Ahmad b. Ismaʿil, and he thought that Yaʿqub had said it. While Yaʿqub was before him, he grabbed him by the collar and threw him to the ground, saying: Are you not the one who said such and such? He said: By God, I did not say it, nor did I hear it! He said: The informers used to inform at night, and they would depart believing that he would seize him in the morning, but when morning came, he would go to him, and when he looked at him, he would smile and ask him about his night. Al-Mahdi was infatuated with women, and Yaʿqub would indulge with him in that, and they would part in satisfaction. Then Yaʿqub had a jade horse that he used to ride. One day he left al-Mahdi's presence wearing a taylasan that rustled from its heavy beating, and the horse was with a servant who had fallen asleep. Yaʿqub mounted, and wanted to adjust the taylasan, but the horse shied from its rustling and he fell. He approached his mount, and it kicked him, breaking his leg, and he was unable to ride. Al-Mahdi visited him the next day, then stopped visiting him. The informers then had their way with him, and al-Mahdi showed displeasure with him. Then he ordered that he be imprisoned in the prison of Nasr, and his agents and companions were seized and imprisoned. Yaʿqub b. Dawud said: One day al-Mahdi sent for me, and I entered upon him while he was in a chamber furnished with pink carpets overlooking a garden with trees, and the treetops were level with the floor of the chamber. Those trees had become covered with blossoms, and I saw nothing more beautiful than that. With him was a slave girl wearing something like that carpet, and I had never seen one more beautiful than her. He said to me: O Yaʿqub, how do you like this chamber of ours? I said: It is at the utmost beauty, may God let the Commander of the Faithful enjoy it. He said: It is yours with all that is in it, and this slave girl is yours so that your joy may be complete. He said: I prayed for him. Then he said to me: O Yaʿqub, I have a need to you that I would like you to guarantee its fulfillment. I said: The matter belongs to the Commander of the Faithful, and upon me is hearing and obedience. He made me swear by God and by his head, and I swore that I would do what he said. He said: This is so-and-so son of so-and-so, one of the descendants of ʿAli b. Abi Talib, and I would like you to spare me his trouble, relieve me of him, and hasten that. I said: I will do it. So I took him, and I took the slave girl and all that was in the chamber, and he ordered for me one hundred thousand dirhams. Because of my intense joy with the slave girl, I placed her in a chamber with a curtain between me and her. I brought the ʿAlid in to me and asked him about his condition. He told me, and he was the most intelligent of people and the most eloquent in speaking of himself. Then he said: Woe to you, O Yaʿqub, will you meet God with my blood, when I am a man from the descendants of Fatimah bt. Muhammad ﷺ! I said: No, by God. Is there any good in you? He said: If you do good, I will be grateful, and you will have my prayer and my seeking of forgiveness. I said: Which road do you prefer? He said: Such and such. So I sent to someone whom the ʿAlid trusted, and he took him, and I gave him money. The slave girl sent word to al-Mahdi informing him of the situation, so he sent to the road, and he seized the ʿAlid, his companion, and the money. The next day al-Mahdi summoned me and asked me about the ʿAlid. I told him that I had killed him. He made me swear by God and by his head, and I swore to him. He said: Boy, bring out to us what is in this room. He brought out the ʿAlid, his companion, and the money. I remained bewildered, and speech failed me, and I did not know what to say. Al-Mahdi said: Your blood has become lawful to me, but imprison him in the dungeon, and do not remind me of him. So I was imprisoned in the dungeon. A well was dug for me there, and I was lowered into it. I remained for a period whose length I do not know, and I lost my sight. He said: While I was in that state, someone was sent for me, and it was said to me: Greet the Commander of the Faithful! I greeted him. He said: Which Commander of the Faithful am I? I said: Al-Mahdi. He said: May God have mercy on al-Mahdi. I said: Then al-Hadi. He said: May God have mercy on al-Hadi. I said: Then al-Rashid. He said: Yes! Ask your need. I said: Residence in Makkah, for there is nothing left in me to enjoy anything, nor any means of livelihood. He gave me permission, and I traveled to Makkah. He said: His days there were not long before he died. Yaʿqub had become weary of his position before his imprisonment. Al-Mahdi's companions used to drink in his presence, and Yaʿqub used to forbid him from that and admonish him, saying: This is not what you made me vizier for, nor what I have accompanied you for. After the five prayers in the congregational mosque, will nabidh be drunk in your presence? He made things difficult for al-Mahdi until it was said: Leave aside Yaʿqub b. Dawud, and turn to a reddish wine of pleasing fragrance. One day Yaʿqub said to al-Mahdi about something he wanted: This, by God, is extravagance! Al-Mahdi said: Woe to you, O Yaʿqub, extravagance is only fitting for people of nobility. Were it not for extravagance, the wealthy would not be known from the poor. The Arrival of Harun and Those with Him from the Gulf of Constantinople. Then the year one hundred and sixty-six AH began. Among the events in it: The arrival of Harun and those with him from the Gulf of Constantinople in Muharram, when thirteen nights of it remained. The Byzantines came with the jizyah with them, and they brought with the money thirty thousand ratls of fine wool. Several Events. In this year, al-Mahdi marched to Jurjan and appointed Abu Yusuf [Yaʿqub b. Ibrahim] over his judiciary. In it, al-Mahdi ordered the establishment of the postal service between Makkah, al-Madinah, and Yemen, with mules and camels, and there had been no postal service there before. In it, Khurasan was disturbed against al-Musayyab b. Zuhayr, so he appointed al-Fadl b. Sulayman al-Tusi, Abu al-ʿAbbas, over it. He added Sijistan to him, and he appointed Tamim b. Saʿid b. Daʿlaj as his deputy over Sijistan. In it, al-Mahdi seized Dawud b. Rawh b. Hatim, Ismaʿil b. Mujalid, Muhammad b. Abi Ayyub al-Makki, and Muhammad b. Tayfur for zandaqah. He asked them to repent, then released them. He sent Dawud to his father, who was over al-Basrah, and ordered him to discipline him. In it, Ibrahim b. Yahya b. Muhammad b. ʿAli b. ʿAbd Allah was appointed over al-Madinah, and ʿUbayd Allah b. Qutham was over Makkah and al-Taʾif. In it, Mansur b. Yazid b. Mansur was dismissed from Yemen, and ʿAbd Allah b. Sulayman al-Rabʿi was appointed in his place. In it, al-Mahdi released ʿAbd al-Samad b. ʿAli from his imprisonment, and Ibrahim b. Yahya led the people in the pilgrimage. Over al-Kufah was Hashim b. Saʿid; over al-Basrah was Rawh b. Hatim; over its judiciary was Khalid b. Tulayq; over the districts of Dijlah, Keskar, the works of al-Basrah, al-Bahrayn, al-Ahwaz, Fars, and Kirman was al-Muʿalla, the client of al-Mahdi. Over Egypt was Ibrahim b. Salih; over Ifriqiyah was Yazid b. Hatim; over Tabaristan, al-Ruyan, and Jurjan was Yahya al-Harashi; over Dunbawand and Qumis was Farashah, the client of al-Mahdi; over al-Rayy was Saʿd, his client. Over al-Mawsil was Ahmad b. Ismaʿil al-Hashimi, and it is said: Musa b. Kaʿb al-Khathʿami; over its judiciary was ʿAli b. Mushir b. ʿUmayr. There was no summer expedition in this year because of the truce [that was in effect].
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