Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2845
Then the year 150 AH of the Hijrah began
وَفِيهَا تُوُفِّيَ الْإِمَامُ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ . ذِكْرُ تَرْجَمَتِهِ هُوَ الْإِمَامُ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ، وَاسْمُهُ النُّعْمَانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ التَّيْمِيُّ، مَوْلَاهُمُ الْكُوفِيُّ، فَقِيهُ الْعِرَاقِ، وَأَحَدُ أَئِمَّةِ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَالسَّادَةِ الْأَعْلَامِ، وَأَحَدُ أَرْكَانِ الْعُلَمَاءِ، وَأَحَدُ الْأَئِمَّةِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ أَصْحَابِ الْمَذَاهِبِ الْمُتَّبَعَةِ، وَهُوَ أَقْدَمُهُمْ وَفَاةً; لِأَنَّهُ أَدْرَكَ عَصْرَ الصَّحَابَةِ، وَرَأَى أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ، قِيلَ: وَغَيْرَهُ. وَذَكَرَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَنَّهُ رَوَى عَنْ سَبْعَةٍ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَهُمْ أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ، وَجَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُنَيْسٍ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي أَوْفَى، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ جَزْءٍ الزُّبَيْدِيُّ، وَمَعْقِلُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ، وَوَاثِلَةُ بْنُ الْأَسْقَعِ، وَعَائِشَةُ بِنْتُ عَجْرَدٍ، ؓ. وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا عَنْ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ عَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ عِدَّةَ أَحَادِيثَ، فِي صِحَّتِهَا إِلَى أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ نَظَرٌ; فَإِنَّ فِي الْإِسْنَادِ إِلَيْهِ مَنْ لَا يُعْرَفُ، وَفِي مَتْنِ بَعْضِهَا نَكَارَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. فَعَنْ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ مَرْفُوعًا: مَنْ قَالَ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ. خَالِصًا مُخْلِصًا مِنْ قَلْبِهِ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ، وَلَوْ تَوَكَّلْتُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ حَقَّ تَوَكُّلِهِ لَرَزَقَكُمْ كَمَا يَرْزُقُ الطَّيْرَ; تَغْدُو خِمَاصًا وَتَعُودُ بِطَانًا. وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ: بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ وَالنُّصْحِ لِكُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ وَمُسْلِمَةٍ. وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُنَيْسٍ مَرْفُوعًا: رَأَيْتُ فِي عَارِضَتَيِ الْجَنَّةِ مَكْتُوبًا ثَلَاثَةُ أَسْطُرٍ بِالذَّهَبِ الْأَحْمَرِ، لَا بِمَاءِ الذَّهَبِ; السَّطْرُ الْأَوَّلُ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ. الثَّانِي: الْإِمَامُ ضَامِنٌ وَالْمُؤَذِّنُ مُؤْتَمَنٌ، فَأَرْشَدَ اللَّهُ الْأَئِمَّةَ وَغَفَرَ لِلْمُؤَذِّنِينَ. الثَّالِثُ: وَجَدْنَا مَا عَمِلْنَا، رَبِحْنَا مَا قَدَّمْنَا، خَسِرْنَا مَا خَلَّفْنَا، قَدِمْنَا عَلَى رَبٍّ غَفُورٍ. وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى، سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: حُبُّكَ لِلشَّيْءِ يُعْمِي وَيُصِمُّ، وَالدَّالُّ عَلَى الْخَيْرِ كَفَاعِلِهِ، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ إِغَاثَةَ الْمَلْهُوفِ. وَفِي لَفْظٍ: " اللَّهْفَانِ ". وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ جَزْءٍ مَرْفُوعًا: إِغَاثَةُ الْمَلْهُوفِ فَرْضٌ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ، وَمَنْ تَفَقَّهَ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ كَفَاهُ اللَّهُ هَمَّهُ، وَرَزَقَهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَحْتَسِبُ. وَعَنْ مَعْقِلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ مَرْفُوعًا: عَلَامَةُ الْمُؤْمِنِ ثَلَاثٌ; إِذَا قَالَ صَدَقَ، وَإِذَا وَعَدَ وَفَى، وَإِذَا حَدَّثَ لَمْ يَخُنْ. وَعَنْ وَاثِلَةَ مَرْفُوعًا: لَا يَظْنُنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنَّهُ يَتَقَرَّبُ إِلَى اللَّهِ بِأَقْرَبَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الرَّكَعَاتِ. يَعْنِي الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسَ. وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ بِنْتِ عَجْرَدٍ مَرْفُوعًا: الْجَرَادُ أَكْثَرُ جُنُودِ اللَّهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ، لَا آكُلُهُ. وَرَوَى عَنْ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ مِنْهُمْ; الْحَكَمُ، وَحَمَّادُ بْنُ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ، وَسَلَمَةُ بْنُ كُهَيْلٍ، وَعَامِرٌ الشَّعْبِيُّ، وَعِكْرِمَةُ، وَعَطَاءٌ، وَقَتَادَةُ، وَالزُّهْرِيُّ، وَنَافِعٌ مَوْلَى ابْنِ عُمَرَ، وَيَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ، وَأَبُو إِسْحَاقَ السَّبِيعِيُّ. وَرَوَى عَنْهُ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْهُمُ; ابْنُهُ حَمَّادٌ، وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ طَهْمَانَ، وَإِسْحَاقُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْأَزْرَقُ، وَأَسَدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْقَاضِي، وَالْحَسَنُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ اللُّؤْلُؤِيُّ، وَحَمْزَةُ الزَّيَّاتُ، وَدَاوُدُ الطَّائِيُّ، وَزُفَرُ، وَعَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، وَأَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ، وَهُشَيْمٌ، وَوَكِيعٌ، وَأَبُو يُوسُفَ الْقَاضِي. قَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ: كَانَ ثِقَةً، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الصِّدْقِ، وَلَمْ يُتَّهَمْ بِالْكَذِبِ، وَلَقَدْ ضَرَبَهُ ابْنُ هُبَيْرَةَ عَلَى الْقَضَاءِ فَأَبَى أَنْ يَكُونَ قَاضِيًا. قَالَ: وَقَدْ كَانَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ يَخْتَارُ قَوْلَهُ فِي الْفَتْوَى، وَكَانَ يَحْيَى يَقُولُ: لَا نَكْذِبُ اللَّهَ، مَا سَمِعْنَا أَحْسَنَ مِنْ رَأْيِ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ، وَقَدْ أَخَذَ بِأَكْثَرِ أَقْوَالِهِ. وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ: لَوْلَا أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَغَاثَنِي بِأَبِي حَنِيفَةَ وَسُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ لَكُنْتُ كَسَائِرِ النَّاسِ. وَقَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ عَنْ مَالِكٍ: رَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا لَوْ كَلَّمَكَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّارِيَةِ أَنْ يَجْعَلَهَا ذَهَبًا لَقَامَ بِحُجَّتِهِ. وَقَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: مَنْ أَرَادَ الْفِقْهَ فَهُوَ عِيَالٌ عَلَى أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ، وَمَنْ أَرَادَ السِّيرَةَ فَهُوَ عِيَالٌ عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، وَمَنْ أَرَادَ الْحَدِيثَ فَهُوَ عِيَالٌ عَلَى مَالِكٍ، وَمَنْ أَرَادَ التَّفْسِيرَ فَهُوَ عِيَالٌ عَلَى مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ. وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْخُرَيْبِيُّ: يَنْبَغِي لِلنَّاسِ أَنْ يَدْعُوا فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ لِأَبِي حَنِيفَةَ; لِحِفْظِهِ الْفِقْهَ وَالسُّنَنَ عَلَيْهِمْ. وَقَالَ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ: كَانَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ أَفْقَهَ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ فِي زَمَانِهِ. وَقَالَ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ: كَانَ صَاحِبَ غَوْصٍ فِي الْمَسَائِلِ. وَقَالَ مَكِّيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: كَانَ أَعْلَمَ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ. وَرَوَى الْخَطِيبُ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ بِسَنَدِهِ عَنْ أَسَدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، أَنَّ أَبَا حَنِيفَةَ كَانَ يُصَلِّي فِي اللَّيْلِ، وَيَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ، وَيَبْكِي حَتَّى يَرْحَمَهُ جِيرَانُهُ، وَمَكَثَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً يُصَلِّي الصُّبْحَ بِوُضُوءِ الْعِشَاءِ، وَأَنَّهُ خَتَمَ الْقُرْآنَ فِي الْمَوْضِعِ الَّذِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهِ سَبْعَةَ آلَافِ مَرَّةٍ، وَكَانَتْ وَفَاتُهُ فِي رَجَبٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ - أَعْنِي سَنَةَ خَمْسِينَ وَمِائَةٍ - وَعَنِ ابْنِ مَعِينَ: سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَخَمْسِينَ وَمِائَةٍ. وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ: سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَخَمْسِينَ. وَالصَّحِيحُ الْأَوَّلُ. وَكَانَ مَوْلِدُهُ فِي سَنَةِ ثَمَانِينَ، فَتَمَّ لَهُ مِنَ الْعُمْرِ سَبْعُونَ سَنَةً، وَصُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ بِبَغْدَادَ سِتَّ مَرَّاتٍ; لِكَثْرَةِ الزِّحَامِ، وَقَبْرُهُ هُنَاكَ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ.
Translation
✧ In it died the Imām Abū Ḥanīfah. Mention of his biography He is the Imām Abū Ḥanīfah, whose name is al-Nuʿmān b. Thābit al-Taymī, their client, al-Kūfī, the jurist of Iraq, one of the imāms of Islam and its leading masters, one of the pillars of the scholars, and one of the four imāms who founded the followed schools of law. He was the earliest of them to die, because he lived in the era of the Companions and saw Anas b. Mālik—it is said he also saw others. Some mentioned that he narrated from seven Companions, but God knows best. They are Anas b. Mālik, Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh, ʿAbd Allāh b. Unays, ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Awfā, ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Ḥārith b. Jazʾ al-Zubaydī, Maʿqil b. Yasār, Wāthilah b. al-Asqaʿ, and ʿĀʾishah bt. ʿAjrad ؓ. Several ḥadīths have been transmitted to us from Abū Ḥanīfah from these, but their soundness as far as Abū Ḥanīfah is open to question; for in the chain to him there are unknown narrators, and in the text of some of them there is severe oddness, but God knows best. From Abū Ḥanīfah, from Anas, in a report traced back to the Prophet: “Whoever says ‘there is no god but God’ purely and sincerely from his heart enters Paradise. And if you relied on God with true reliance, He would provide for you as He provides for the birds; they go out hungry and return full.” From Jābir: “We pledged allegiance to the Messenger of God ﷺ to hear and obey and to give sincere counsel to every Muslim man and woman.” From ʿAbd Allāh b. Unays, in a report traced back to the Prophet: “I saw written on the two sides of Paradise three lines in red gold, not gold water. The first line: There is no god but God; Muḥammad is the Messenger of God. The second: The imām is a guarantor and the muezzin is entrusted, so may God guide the imāms and forgive the muezzins. The third: We found what we did, we profited from what we sent ahead, we lost what we left behind, we came before a forgiving Lord.” From ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Awfā: “I heard the Messenger of God ﷺ say: ‘Your love for a thing blinds and deafens. The one who guides to good is like its doer. God loves aiding the distressed.’” In another wording: “the grief-stricken.” From ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Ḥārith b. Jazʾ, in a report traced back to the Prophet: “Aiding the distressed is an obligation upon every Muslim. Whoever gains understanding in God’s religion, God suffices him in his cares and provides for him from where he does not expect.” From Maʿqil b. Yasār, in a report traced back to the Prophet: “The sign of the believer is threefold: when he speaks he is truthful, when he promises he fulfills, and when he is entrusted he does not betray.” From Wāthilah, in a report traced back to the Prophet: “Let none of you think that he draws near to God with anything nearer than these rakʿahs”—meaning the five prayers. From ʿĀʾishah bt. ʿAjrad, in a report traced back to the Prophet: “Locusts are the most numerous of God’s soldiers on earth; I do not eat them.” He narrated from a group of the Successors, among them: al-Ḥakam, Ḥammād b. Abī Sulaymān, Salamah b. Kuhayl, ʿĀmir al-Shaʿbī, ʿIkrimah, ʿAṭāʾ, Qatādah, al-Zuhrī, Nāfiʿ the client of Ibn ʿUmar, Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd al-Anṣārī, and Abū Isḥāq al-Sabīʿī. A group narrated from him, among them: his son Ḥammād, Ibrāhīm b. Ṭahmān, Isḥāq b. Yūsuf al-Azraq, Asad b. ʿAmr al-Qāḍī, al-Ḥasan b. Ziyād al-Luʾluʾī, Ḥamzah al-Zayyāt, Dāwūd al-Ṭāʾī, Zufar, ʿAbd al-Razzāq, Abū Nuʿaym, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-Shaybānī, Hushaym, Wakīʿ, and Abū Yūsuf al-Qāḍī. Yaḥyā b. Maʿīn said: “He was trustworthy, a man of truthfulness, and was not accused of lying. Ibn Hubayrah beat him over the judgeship, but he refused to be a judge.” He said: “Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd used to prefer his opinion in legal verdicts, and Yaḥyā used to say: ‘We do not lie to God; we have not heard anything better than Abū Ḥanīfah’s opinion, and he adopted most of his views.’” ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Mubārak said: “Had God not succored me with Abū Ḥanīfah and Sufyān al-Thawrī, I would have been like the rest of the people.” Al-Shāfiʿī reported from Mālik: “I saw a man who, if he spoke to you about this pillar to make it gold, would establish his argument.” Al-Shāfiʿī said: “Whoever wants jurisprudence is dependent on Abū Ḥanīfah, whoever wants biography is dependent on Muḥammad b. Isḥāq, whoever wants ḥadīth is dependent on Mālik, and whoever wants exegesis is dependent on Muqātil b. Sulaymān.” ʿAbd Allāh b. Dāwūd al-Khuraybī said: “People ought to pray in their prayers for Abū Ḥanīfah because he preserved jurisprudence and the sunnah for them.” Sufyān al-Thawrī and ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Mubārak said: “Abū Ḥanīfah was the most knowledgeable jurist of the people of the earth in his time.” Abū Nuʿaym said: “He was one who dived deep into legal questions.” Makkī b. Ibrāhīm said: “He was the most learned of the people of the earth.” Al-Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī narrated with his chain from Asad b. ʿAmr that Abū Ḥanīfah used to pray at night and recite the Qurʾān every night, and he wept until his neighbors took pity on him. He remained forty years praying the dawn prayer with the ablution of the night prayer. He completed the Qurʾān in the place where he died seven thousand times. His death occurred in Rajab of this year—I mean the year 150. From Ibn Maʿīn: in the year 151. Others said: in the year 153, but the first is correct. He was born in the year 80, so he reached the age of seventy. The funeral prayer was said over him in Baghdad six times because of the great crowd, and his grave is there, may God have mercy on him.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.