Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2760
Then the year 141 AH began
ثُمَّ دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ إِحْدَى وَأَرْبَعِينَ وَمِائَةٍ ذِكْرُ خُرُوجِ الرَّاوِنْدِيَّةِ وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ كَانَ خُرُوجُ الرَّاوِنْدِيَّةِ عَلَى الْمَنْصُورِ، وَهُمْ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ خُرَاسَانَ عَلَى رَأْيِ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ صَاحِبِ الدَّعْوَةِ، يَقُولُونَ بِتَنَاسُخِ الْأَرْوَاحِ، يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ رُوحَ آدَمَ فِي عُثْمَانَ بْنِ نَهِيكٍ، وَأَنَّ رَبَّهُمُ الَّذِي يُطْعِمُهُمْ وَيَسْقِيهِمْ هُوَ الْمَنْصُورُ، وَأَنَّ جَبْرَائِيلَ هُوَ الْهَيْثَمُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ. فَلَمَّا ظَهَرُوا أَتَوْا قَصْرَ الْمَنْصُورِ فَقَالُوا: هَذَا قَصْرُ رَبِّنَا. فَأَخَذَ الْمَنْصُورُ رُؤَسَاءَهُمْ، فَحَبَسَ مِنْهُمْ مِائَتَيْنِ، فَغَضِبَ أَصْحَابُهُمْ، وَأَخَذُوا نَعْشًا، وَحَمَلُوا السَّرِيرَ، وَلَيْسَ فِي النَّعْشِ أَحَدٌ، وَمَرُّوا بِهِ حَتَّى صَارُوا عَلَى بَابِ السِّجْنِ فَرَمَوْا بِالنَّعْشِ، وَحَمَلُوا عَلَى النَّاسِ وَدَخَلُوا السِّجْنَ وَأَخْرَجُوا أَصْحَابَهُمْ. وَقَصَدُوا نَحْوَ الْمَنْصُورِ، وَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ سِتُّمِائَةِ رَجُلٍ، فَتَنَادَى النَّاسُ، وَغُلِّقَتْ أَبْوَابُ الْمَدِينَةِ فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ أَحَدٌ، فَخَرَجَ الْمَنْصُورُ مِنَ الْقَصْرِ مَاشِيًا، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ فِي الْقَصْرِ دَابَّةٌ، فَجَعَلَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ [ الْيَوْمِ ] يَرْتَبِطُ دَابَّةً مَعَهُ فِي الْقَصْرِ. فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ الْمَنْصُورُ أُتِيَ بِدَابَّةٍ فَرَكِبَهَا وَهُوَ يُرِيدُهُمْ، ( وَتَكَاثَرُوا عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى كَادُوا يَقْتُلُونَهُ )، وَجَاءَ مَعْنُ بْنُ زَائِدَةَ ( الشَّيْبَانِيُّ، وَكَانَ مُسْتَتِرًا مِنَ الْمَنْصُورِ بِقِتَالِهِ مَعَ ابْنِ هُبَيْرَةَ، كَمَا ذَكَرْنَاهُ، وَالْمَنْصُورُ شَدِيدُ الطَّلَبِ لَهُ وَقَدْ بَذَلَ فِيهِ مَالًا كَثِيرًا، فَلَمَّا كَانَ هَذَا الْيَوْمُ حَضَرَ عِنْدَ الْمَنْصُورِ مُتَلَثِّمًا، وَتَرَجَّلَ وَقَاتَلَ قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، وَأَبْلَى بَلَاءً حَسَنًا، وَكَانَ الْمَنْصُورُ رَاكِبًا عَلَى بَغْلَةٍ وَلِجَامُهَا بِيَدِ الرَّبِيعِ حَاجِبِهِ. فَأَتَى مَعْنٌ وَقَالَ: تَنَحَّ فَأَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا اللِّجَامِ مِنْكَ فِي هَذَا الْوَقْتِ وَأَعْظَمُ غَنَاءً. فَقَالَ الْمَنْصُورُ: صَدَقَ فَادْفَعْهُ إِلَيْهِ. فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُقَاتِلُ حَتَّى تَكَشَّفَتِ الْحَالُ وَظَفِرَ بِالرَّاوِنْدِيَّةِ. فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَنْصُورُ: مَنْ أَنْتَ ؟ قَالَ: طِلْبَتُكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَعْنُ بْنُ زَائِدَةَ. فَقَالَ: آمَنَكَ اللَّهُ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ وَمَالِكَ وَأَهْلِكَ، مِثْلُكَ يُصْطَنَعُ ). وَجَاءَ أَبُو نَصْرٍ مَالِكُ بْنُ الْهَيْثَمِ فَوَقَفَ عَلَى بَابِ الْمَنْصُورِ وَقَالَ: أَنَا الْيَوْمَ بَوَّابٌ. وَنُودِيَ فِي أَهْلِ السُّوقِ فَرَمَوْهُمْ وَقَاتَلُوهُمْ، وَفُتِحَ بَابُ الْمَدِينَةِ فَدَخَلَ النَّاسُ، فَجَاءَ خَازِمُ بْنُ خُزَيْمَةَ فَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ حَتَّى أَلْجَأَهُمْ إِلَى الْحَائِطِ، ثُمَّ حَمَلُوا عَلَيْهِ فَكَشَفُوهُ مَرَّتَيْنِ. فَقَالَ خَازِمٌ لِلْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ: إِذَا كَرُّوا عَلَيْنَا فَاسْتَبِقْهُمْ إِلَى الْحَائِطِ، فَإِذَا رَجَعُوا فَاقْتُلْهُمْ. فَحَمَلُوا عَلَى خَازِمٍ، فَاطَّرَدَ لَهُمْ وَصَارَ الْهَيْثَمُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِمْ فَقُتِلُوا جَمِيعًا. وَجَاءَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ نَهِيكٍ فَكَلَّمَهُمْ، فَرَمَوْهُ بِسَهْمٍ عِنْدَ رُجُوعِهِ فَوَقَعَ بَيْنَ كَتِفَيْهِ، فَمَرِضَ أَيَّامًا وَمَاتَ مِنْهَا، فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ الْمَنْصُورُ، وَجَعَلَ عَلَى حَرَسِهِ بَعْدَهُ عِيسَى بْنَ نَهِيكٍ، فَكَانَ عَلَى الْحَرَسِ حَتَّى مَاتَ، فَجُعِلَ عَلَى الْحَرَسِ أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الطُّوسِيُّ، وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ كُلُّهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ الْهَاشِمِيَّةِ [ بِالْكُوفَةِ ]. فَلَمَّا صَلَّى الْمَنْصُورُ الظُّهْرَ دَعَا بِالْعَشَاءِ، وَأَحْضَرَ مَعْنًا وَرَفَعَ مَنْزِلَتَهُ، وَقَالَ لِعَمِّهِ عِيسَى بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: يَا أَبَا الْعَبَّاسِ، أَسَمِعْتَ بِأَشَدِّ رَجُلٍ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: لَوْ رَأَيْتَ الْيَوْمَ مَعْنًا لَعَلِمْتَ أَنَّهُ مِنْهُمْ. فَقَالَ مَعْنٌ: وَاللَّهِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، لَقَدْ أَتَيْتُكَ وَإِنِّي لَوَجِلُ الْقَلْبِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ مَا عِنْدَكَ مِنْ الِاسْتِهَانَةِ بِهِمْ، وَشِدَّةِ الْإِقْدَامِ عَلَيْهِمْ رَأَيْتُ مَا لَمْ أَرَهُ مِنْ خُلُقٍ فِي حَرْبٍ، فَشَدَّ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَلْبِي وَحَمَلَنِي عَلَى مَا رَأَيْتَ مِنِّي. وَقِيلَ: كَانَ مَعْنٌ مُتَخَفِّيًا مِنَ الْمَنْصُورِ لِمَا كَانَ مِنْهُ مِنْ قِتَالِهِ مَعَ ابْنِ هُبَيْرَةَ، كَمَا ذَكَرْنَاهُ، وَكَانَ اخْتِفَاؤُهُ عِنْدَ أَبِي الْخَصِيبِ حَاجِبِ الْمَنْصُورِ، وَكَانَ عَلَى أَنْ يَطْلُبَ [ لَهُ ] الْأَمَانَ، فَلَمَّا خَرَجَتِ الرَّاوِنْدِيَّةُ جَاءَ مَعْنٌ فَوَقَفَ بِالْبَابِ، فَسَأَلَ الْمَنْصُورُ أَبَا الْخَصِيبِ: مَنْ بِالْبَابِ ؟ فَقَالَ: مَعْنُ بْنُ زَائِدَةَ. فَقَالَ الْمَنْصُورُ: رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ، شَدِيدُ النَّفْسِ، عَالِمٌ بِالْحَرْبِ، كَرِيمُ الْحَسَبِ، أَدْخِلْهُ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ قَالَ: إِيهٍ يَا مَعْنُ ! مَا الرَّأْيُ ؟ قَالَ: الرَّأْيُ أَنْ تُنَادِيَ فِي النَّاسِ فَتَأْمُرَ لَهُمْ بِالْأَمْوَالِ. فَقَالَ: وَأَيْنَ النَّاسُ وَالْأَمْوَالُ ؟ وَمَنْ تَقَدَّمَ عَلَى أَنْ يَعْرِضَ نَفْسَهُ لِهَؤُلَاءِ الْعُلُوجِ ! لَمْ تَصْنَعْ شَيْئًا يَا مَعْنُ ! الرَّأْيُ أَنْ أَخْرُجَ فَأَقِفَ لِلنَّاسِ، فَإِذَا رَأَوْنِي قَاتَلُوا وَتَرَاجَعُوا إِلَيَّ، وَإِنْ أَقَمْتُ تَهَاوَنُوا وَتَخَاذَلُوا. فَأَخَذَ مَعْنٌ بِيَدِهِ وَقَالَ: لَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِذًا، وَاللَّهِ تُقْتَلُ السَّاعَةَ، فَأَنْشُدُكَ اللَّهَ فِي نَفْسِكَ ! فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو الْخَصِيبِ مِثْلَهَا، فَجَذَبَ ثَوْبَهُ مِنْهُمَا وَرَكِبَ دَابَّتَهُ، وَخَرَجَ وَمَعْنٌ آخِذٌ بِلِجَامِ دَابَّتِهِ، وَأَبُو الْخَصِيبِ مَعَ رِكَابِهِ، وَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَتَلَهُ مَعْنٌ حَتَّى قَتَلَ أَرْبَعَةً فِي تِلْكَ الْحَالَةِ، حَتَّى اجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ النَّاسُ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ إِلَّا سَاعَةً حَتَّى أَفْنَوْهُمْ. ثُمَّ تَغَيَّبَ مَعْنٌ، فَسَأَلَ الْمَنْصُورُ عَنْهُ أَبَا الْخَصِيبِ فَقَالَ: لَا أَعْلَمُ مَكَانَهُ. فَقَالَ الْمَنْصُورُ: أَيَظُنُّ مَعْنٌ أَنْ لَا أَغْفِرَ ذَنْبَهُ بَعْدَ بَلَائِهِ ؟ أَعْطِهِ الْأَمَانَ وَأَدْخِلْهُ عَلَيَّ، فَأَدْخَلَهُ إِلَيْهِ، فَأَمَرَ لَهُ بِعَشَرَةِ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ، ثُمَّ وَلَّاهُ الْيَمَنَ.
Translation
✧ Then the year 141 AH began. Mention of the Khurūj of the Rāwandiyyah. In this year occurred the khurūj of the Rāwandiyyah against al-Manṣūr. They were a people from the people of Khurāsān, upon the view of Abū Muslim, the master of the daʿwah, asserting the transmigration of spirits. They claimed that the spirit of Adam was in ʿUthmān b. Nahīk, and that their Lord who fed them and gave them drink was al-Manṣūr, and that Gabriel was al-Haytham b. Muʿāwiyah. When they appeared, they came to the palace of al-Manṣūr and said: “This is the palace of our Lord.” So al-Manṣūr seized their leaders and imprisoned two hundred of them. Their companions became angry, took up a bier, and carried the litter, though there was no one in the bier. They passed with it until they came to the gate of the prison, hurled the bier, charged the people, entered the prison, and brought out their companions. They made for al-Manṣūr, being that day six hundred men. The people called out to one another, and the gates of the city were shut, so that no one could enter. Al-Manṣūr went out from the palace on foot, for there was no mount in the palace. After that day, he began to keep a mount with him in the palace. When al-Manṣūr went out, a mount was brought to him, and he rode it, intending to face them. They pressed upon him in numbers until they almost killed him. Then came Maʿn b. Zāʾidah al-Shaybānī, who had been in hiding from al-Manṣūr because of his fighting with Ibn Hubayrah, as we have mentioned. Al-Manṣūr had been seeking him intensely and had offered much wealth for him. On that day, he came to al-Manṣūr veiled, dismounted, and fought a fierce fight, showing great valor. Al-Manṣūr was riding a mule, its bridle in the hand of al-Rabīʿ, his chamberlain. Maʿn came and said: “Move aside, for I am more entitled to this bridle than you at this time, and of greater service.” Al-Manṣūr said: “He has spoken truly; give it to him.” He did not cease fighting until the situation was resolved and he gained victory over the Rāwandiyyah. Al-Manṣūr said to him: “Who are you?” He said: “The one you seek, O Commander of the Faithful: Maʿn b. Zāʾidah.” He said: “May God grant you security for your life, your wealth, and your family. The like of you is to be favored.” Then came Abū Naṣr Mālik b. al-Haytham and stood at the gate of al-Manṣūr, saying: “Today I am the gatekeeper.” A call was made among the people of the market, and they pelted them and fought them. The gate of the city was opened, and the people entered. Khāzim b. Khuzaymah came and charged them until he forced them back to the wall. Then they charged him and drove him back twice. Khāzim said to al-Haytham b. Shuʿbah: “When they charge us, race them to the wall; when they turn back, kill them.” They charged Khāzim, and he withdrew before them, while al-Haytham came from behind them, and they were all killed. On that day, ʿUthmān b. Nahīk came to them and spoke to them, but they shot him with an arrow as he turned back, striking him between the shoulder blades. He fell ill for some days and died of it. Al-Manṣūr prayed over him, and after him placed ʿĪsā b. Nahīk over his guard. He remained over the guard until he died, then Abū al-ʿAbbās al-Ṭūsī was placed over the guard. All of this took place in the Hāshimiyyah city [near al-Kūfah]. When al-Manṣūr prayed the noon prayer, he called for the evening meal, brought Maʿn forward, and raised his rank. He said to his paternal uncle ʿĪsā b. ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbbās: “O Abū al-ʿAbbās, have you heard of a more valiant man?” He said: “Yes.” He said: “Had you seen Maʿn today, you would know that he is one of them.” Maʿn said: “By God, O Commander of the Faithful, I came to you with a fearful heart. But when I saw your disdain for them and your bold advance upon them, I saw in you what I had never seen in war, and that strengthened my heart and impelled me to what you witnessed from me.” It was said: Maʿn was in hiding from al-Manṣūr because of his fighting alongside Ibn Hubayrah, as we have mentioned. His hiding was with Abū al-Khaṣīb, the chamberlain of al-Manṣūr, on condition that he seek amnesty for him. When the Rāwandiyyah came out, Maʿn came and stood at the gate. Al-Manṣūr asked Abū al-Khaṣīb: “Who is at the gate?” He said: “Maʿn b. Zāʾidah.” Al-Manṣūr said: “A man of the Arabs, strong of spirit, knowledgeable in war, noble of lineage. Admit him.” When he entered, he said: “Well, Maʿn! What is your counsel?” He said: “My counsel is that you call out among the people and command them with promises of wealth.” He said: “Where are the people and the wealth? And who would advance to expose himself to these uncouth men? You have proposed nothing, Maʿn! My view is that I go out and stand before the people. When they see me, they will fight and rally to me; if I remain, they will be lax and desert.” Maʿn took hold of his hand and said: “Not so, O Commander of the Faithful! By God, you will be killed this very hour. I adjure you by God, for your own sake!” Abū al-Khaṣīb said the like to him. He pulled his garment from the two of them, mounted his beast, and went out, with Maʿn holding the bridle of his mount and Abū al-Khaṣīb at his stirrup. A man came at him, and Maʿn killed him, until he had killed four in that engagement, until the people gathered to him, and it was only an hour before they annihilated them. Then Maʿn disappeared. Al-Manṣūr asked Abū al-Khaṣīb about him, and he said: “I do not know his whereabouts.” Al-Manṣūr said: “Does Maʿn think that I will not forgive his sin after his service? Grant him amnesty and bring him to me.” So he brought him in, and he ordered for him ten thousand dirhams, then appointed him over Yemen.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.