Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2637
Then the Year 128 AH Began
ذِكْرُ قَتْلِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ سُرَيْجٍ، وَغَلَبَةُ الْكَرْمَانِيِّ عَلَى مَرْوَ قَدْ تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُ أَمَانِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ لِلْحَارِثِ بْنِ سُرَيْجٍ وَعَوْدِهِ مِنْ بِلَادِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ إِلَى بِلَادِ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَمَا كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ نَصْرٍ مِنَ الِاخْتِلَافِ. فَلَمَّا وَلِيَ ابْنُ هُبَيْرَةَ الْعِرَاقَ كَتَبَ إِلَى نَصْرٍ بِعَهْدِهِ عَلَى خُرَاسَانَ فَبَايَعَ لِمَرْوَانَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، فَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ: إِنَّمَا آمَنَنِي يَزِيدُ وَلَمْ يَؤَمِّنِّي مَرْوَانُ، وَلَا يُجِيزُ مَرْوَانُ أَمَانَ يَزِيدَ، فَلَا آمَنُهُ. فَخَالَفَ نَصْرًا. فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ نَصْرٌ يَدْعُوهُ إِلَى الْجَمَاعَةِ وَيَنْهَاهُ عَنِ الْفُرْقَةِ وَإِطْمَاعِ الْعَدُوِّ، فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ إِلَى مَا أَرَادَ وَخَرَجَ فَعَسْكَرَ، وَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى نَصْرٍ: اجْعَلِ الْأَمْرَ شُورَى، فَأَبَى نَصْرٌ، وَأَمَرَ الْحَارِثُ جَهْمَ بْنَ صَفْوَانَ، رَأْسَ الْجَهْمِيَّةِ، وَهُوَ مَوْلَى رَاسِبٍ، أَنْ يَقْرَأَ سِيرَتَهُ وَمَا يَدْعُو إِلَيْهِ عَلَى النَّاسِ. فَلَمَّا سَمِعُوا ذَلِكَ كَثُرُوا وَكَثُرَ جَمْعُهُ، وَأَرْسَلَ الْحَارِثُ إِلَى نَصْرٍ لِيَعْزِلَ سَالِمَ بْنَ أَحْوَزَ عَنْ شُرْطَتِهِ، وَيُغَيِّرَ عُمَّالَهُ، وَيُقِرَّ الْأَمْرَ بَيْنَهُمَا أَنْ يَخْتَارُوا رِجَالًا يُسَمُّونَ لَهُمْ قَوْمًا يَعْمَلُونَ بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ، فَاخْتَارَ نَصْرٌ مُقَاتِلَ بْنَ سُلَيْمَانَ وَمُقَاتِلَ بْنَ حَيَّانَ، وَاخْتَارَ الْحَارِثُ الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ الْجَهْضَمِيَّ وَمُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلَةَ، وَأَمَرَ نَصْرٌ كَاتِبَهُ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ مَا يُرْضِي هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَرْبَعَةَ مِنَ السُّنَنِ، وَمَا يَخْتَارُونَهُ مِنَ الْعُمَّالِ، فَيُوَلِّيَهُمْ ثَغْرَ سَمَرْقَنْدَ وَطَخَارِسْتَانَ. وَكَانَ الْحَارِثُ يُظْهِرُ أَنَّهُ صَاحِبُ الرَّايَاتِ السُّودِ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ نَصْرٌ: إِنْ كُنْتَ تَزْعُمُ أَنَّكُمْ تَهْدِمُونَ سُورَ دِمَشْقَ، وَتُزِيلُونَ مُلْكَ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ فَخُذْ مِنِّي خَمْسَمِائَةِ رَأْسٍ وَمِائَتَيْ بَعِيرٍ وَاحْمِلْ مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ مَا شِئْتَ وَآلَةَ الْحَرْبِ وَسِرْ، فَلَعَمْرِي لَئِنْ كُنْتَ صَاحِبَ مَا ذَكَرْتَ إِنِّي لَفِي يَدِكَ، وَإِنْ كُنْتَ لَسْتَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَهْلَكْتَ عَشِيرَتَكَ. فَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ: قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ هَذَا حَقٌّ، وَلَكِنْ لَا يُبَايِعُنِي عَلَيْهِ مَنْ صَحِبَنِي. فَقَالَ نَصْرٌ: فَقَدْ ظَهَرَ أَنَّهُمْ لَيْسُوا عَلَى رَأْيِكَ، فَاذْكُرِ اللَّهَ فِي عِشْرِينَ أَلْفًا مِنْ رَبِيعَةَ وَالْيَمَنِ يَهْلِكُونَ فِيمَا بَيْنَكُمْ. وَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُوَلِّيَهُ مَا وَرَاءَ النَّهْرِ وَيُعْطِيَهُ ثَلَاثَمِائَةِ أَلْفٍ، فَلَمْ يَقْبَلُ، ( فَقَالَ لَهُ نَصْرٌ: فَابْدَأْ بِالْكَرْمَانِيِّ فَإِنْ قَتَلْتَهُ فَأَنَا فِي طَاعَتِكَ. فَلَمْ يَقْبَلْ ). ثُمَّ تَرَاضَيَا بِأَنْ حَكَّمَا جَهْمَ بْنَ صَفْوَانَ وَمُقَاتِلَ بْنَ حَيَّانَ، فَحَكَمَا بِأَنْ يَعْتَزِلَ نَصْرٌ، وَأَنْ يَكُونَ الْأَمْرُ شُورَى، فَلَمْ يَقْبَلْ نَصْرٌ. فَخَالَفَهُ الْحَارِثُ وَاتَّهَمَ نَصْرٌ قَوْمًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ أَنَّهُمْ كَاتَبُوا الْحَارِثَ فَاعْتَذَرُوا إِلَيْهِ فَقَبِلَ عُذْرَهُمْ. وَقَدِمَ عَلَيْهِ جَمْعٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ خُرَاسَانَ حِينَ سَمِعُوا بِالْفِتْنَةِ، مِنْهُمْ: عَاصِمُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ الصُّرَيْمِيُّ، وَأَبُو الذَّيَّالِ النَّاجِيُّ، وَمُسْلِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَغَيْرُهُمْ، وَأَمَرَ الْحَارِثُ أَنْ تُقْرَأَ سِيرَتُهُ فِي الْأَسْوَاقِ وَالْمَسَاجِدِ وَعَلَى بَابِ نَصْرٍ، فَقُرِئَتْ، فَأَتَاهُ خَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ، وَقَرَأَهَا رَجُلٌ عَلَى بَابِ نَصْرٍ، فَضَرَبَهُ غِلْمَانُ نَصْرٍ، فَنَابَذَهُمُ الْحَارِثُ وَتَجَهَّزُوا لِلْحَرْبِ، وَدَلَّ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَرْوَ الْحَارِثَ عَلَى نَقْبٍ فِي سُورِهَا، فَمَضَى الْحَارِثُ إِلَيْهِ فَنَقَبَهُ وَدَخَلَ الْمَدِينَةَ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ بَابِ بَالِينَ، فَقَاتَلَهُمْ جَهْمُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ النَّاجِيُّ فَقُتِلَ جَهْمٌ، ( وَانْتَهَبُوا مَنْزِلَ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَحْوَزَ ) وَقَتَلُوا مَنْ كَانَ يَحْرُسُ بَابَ بَالِينَ، وَذَلِكَ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ لِلَيْلَتَيْنِ بَقِيَتَا مِنْ جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ. وَعَدَلَ الْحَارِثُ فِي سِكَّةِ السُّغْدِ، فَرَأَى أَعْيَنَ مَوْلَى حَيَّانَ، فَقَاتَلَهُ فَقُتِلَ أَعْيَنُ. وَرَكِبَ سَالِمٌ حِينَ أَصْبَحَ وَأَمَرَ مُنَادِيًا فَنَادَى: مَنْ جَاءَ بِرَأْسٍ فَلَهُ ثَلَاثُمِائَةٍ. فَلَمْ تَطْلُعِ الشَّمْسُ حَتَّى انْهَزَمَ الْحَارِثُ وَقَاتَلَهُمُ اللَّيْلَ كُلَّهُ، وَأَتَى سَالِمٌ عَسْكَرَ الْحَارِثِ فَقَتَلَ كَاتِبَهُ، وَاسْمُهُ يَزِيدُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ، وَقَتَلَ الرَّجُلَ الَّذِي دَلَّ الْحَارِثَ عَلَى النَّقْبِ. وَأَرْسَلَ نَصْرٌ إِلَى الْكَرْمَانِيِّ، فَأَتَاهُ عَلَى عَهْدٍ وَعِنْدَهُ جَمَاعَةٌ، فَوَقَعَ بَيْنَ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَحْوَزَ وَمِقْدَامِ بْنِ نُعَيْمٍ كَلَامٌ، فَأَغْلَظَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ، فَأَعَانَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا نَفَرٌ مِنَ الْحَاضِرِينَ، فَخَافَ الْكَرْمَانِيُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَكْرًا مِنْ نَصْرٍ فَقَامَ وَتَعَلَّقُوا بِهِ فَلَمْ يَجْلِسْ، وَرَكِبَ فَرَسَهُ وَرَجَعَ وَقَالَ: أَرَادَ نَصْرٌ الْغَدْرَ بِي. وَأُسِرَ يَوْمَئِذٍ جَهْمُ بْنُ صَفْوَانَ، وَكَانَ مَعَ الْكَرْمَانِيِّ، فَقُتِلَ، وَأَرْسَلَ الْحَارِثُ ابْنَهُ حَاتِمًا إِلَى الْكَرْمَانِيِّ، فَقَالَ لَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى: هُمَا عَدُوَّاكَ دَعْهُمَا يَضْطَرِبَانِ. فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْغَدُ رَكِبَ الْكَرْمَانِيُّ إِلَى بَابِ مَيْدَانِ يَزِيدَ فَقَاتَلَ أَصْحَابَ نَصْرٍ، وَأَقْبَلَ الْكَرْمَانِيُّ إِلَى بَابِ حَرْبِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ وَوَجَّهَ أَصْحَابَهُ إِلَى نَصْرٍ يَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ فَتَرَامَوْا ثُمَّ تَحَاجَزُوا، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْخَمِيسِ قِتَالٌ، وَالْتَقَوْا يَوْمَ الْجُمْعَةِ فَانْهَزَمَتِ الْأَزْدُ حَتَّى وَصَلُوا إِلَى الْكَرْمَانِيِّ، فَأَخَذَ اللِّوَاءَ بِيَدِهِ فَقَاتَلَ بِهِ، وَانْهَزَمَ أَصْحَابُ نَصْرٍ وَأَخَذُوا لَهُمْ ثَمَانِينَ فَرَسًا، وَصُرِعَ تَمِيمُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ وَأَخَذُوا لَهُ بِرْذَوْنَيْنِ، وَسَقَطَ سَالِمُ بْنُ أَحْوَزَ فَحُمِلَ إِلَى عَسْكَرِ نَصْرٍ. فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَعْضُ اللَّيْلِ خَرَجَ نَصْرٌ مِنْ مَرْوَ، وَقُتِلَ عِصْمَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَسَدِيُّ، فَكَانَ يَحْمِي أَصْحَابَ نَصْرٍ، وَاقْتَتَلُوا ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، فَانْهَزَمَ أَصْحَابُ الْكَرْمَانِيِّ فِي آخِرِ يَوْمٍ، وَهُمُ الْأَزْدُ وَرَبِيعَةُ، فَنَادَى الْخَلِيلُ بْنُ غَزْوَانَ: يَا مَعْشَرَ رَبِيعَةَ وَالْيَمَنِ قَدْ دَخَلَ الْحَارِثُ السُّوقَ وَقَتَلَ ابْنَ الْأَقْطَعِ ! يَعْنِي نَصْرَ بْنَ سَيَّارٍ، فَفَتَّ فِي أَعْضَادِ الْمُضَرِيَّةِ، وَهُمْ أَصْحَابُ نَصْرٍ، فَانْهَزَمُوا، وَتَرَجَّلَ تَمِيمُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ فَقَاتَلَ. فَلَمَّا هَزَمَتِ الْيَمَانِيَّةُ مُضَرًا أَرْسَلَ الْحَارِثُ إِلَى نَصْرٍ: إِنَّ الْيَمَانِيَّةَ يُعَيِّرُونَنِي بِانْهِزَامِكُمْ وَأَنَا كَافٌّ، فَاجْعَلْ حُمَاةَ أَصْحَابِكَ بِإِزَاءِ الْكَرْمَانِيِّ. فَأَخَذَ عَلَيْهِ نَصْرٌ الْعُهُودَ بِذَلِكَ. وَقَدِمَ عَلَى نَصْرٍ عَبْدُ الْحَكِيمِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْعَوْذِيُّ وَأَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عِيسَى بْنُ جُرْزٍ مِنْ مَكَّةَ، فَقَالَ نَصْرٌ لِعَبْدِ الْحَكِيمِ الْعَوْذِيِّ، وَهُمْ بَطْنٌ مِنَ الْأَزْدِ: أَمَا تَرَى مَا فَعَلَ سُفَهَاءُ قَوْمِكَ ؟ فَقَالَ: بَلْ سُفَهَاءُ قَوْمِكَ طَالَتْ وِلَايَتُهَا بِوِلَايَتِكَ [ وَصَيَّرْتَ الْوِلَايَةَ لِقَوْمِكَ ] دُونَ رَبِيعَةَ وَالْيَمَنِ فَبَطِرُوا، وَفِي رَبِيعَةَ وَالْيَمَنِ عُلَمَاءُ وَسُفَهَاءُ، فَغَلَبَ السُّفَهَاءُ الْعُلَمَاءَ. فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عِيسَى لِنَصْرٍ: أَيُّهَا الْأَمِيرُ حَسْبُكَ مِنِ الْوِلَايَةِ وَهَذِهِ الْأُمُورِ، فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ أَظَلَّكَ أَمْرٌ عَظِيمٌ، سَيَقُومُ رَجُلٌ مَجْهُولُ النَّسَبِ يُظْهِرُ السَّوَادَ، وَيَدْعُو إِلَى دَوْلَةٍ تَكُونُ، فَيَغْلِبُ عَلَى الْأَمْرِ وَأَنْتُمْ تَنْظُرُونَ. فَقَالَ نَصْرٌ: مَا أَشْبَهَ أَنْ يَكُونَ كَمَا تَقُولُ لِقِلَّةِ الْوَفَاءِ وَسُوءِ ذَاتِ الْبَيْنِ ! فَقَالَ: إِنَّ الْحَارِثَ مَقْتُولٌ مَصْلُوبٌ، وَمَا الْكَرْمَانِيُّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ بِبَعِيدٍ. فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ نَصْرٌ مِنْ مَرْوَ غَلَبَ عَلَيْهَا الْكَرْمَانِيُّ، وَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ فَآمَنَهُمْ، وَهَدَمَ الدُّورَ وَنَهَبَ الْأَمْوَالَ، فَأَنْكَرَ الْحَارِثُ عَلَيْهِ ذَلِكَ، فَهَمَّ الْكَرْمَانِيُّ بِهِ ثُمَّ تَرَكَهُ. وَاعْتَزَلَ بِشْرُ بْنُ جُرْمُوزٍ فِي خَمْسَةِ آلَافٍ وَقَالَ لِلْحَارِثِ: إِنَّمَا قَاتَلْتُ مَعَكَ طَلَبَ الْعَدْلِ، فَأَمَّا إِذْ كُنْتَ مَعَ الْكَرْمَانِيِّ فَمَا تُقَاتِلُ إِلَّا لِيُقَالَ غَلَبَ الْحَارِثُ، وَهَؤُلَاءِ يُقَاتِلُونَ عَصَبِيَّةً، فَلَسْتُ مُقَاتِلًا مَعَكَ، فَنَحْنُ الْفِئَةُ الْعَادِلَةُ لَا نُقَاتِلُ إِلَّا مَنْ يُقَاتِلُنَا. وَأَتَى الْحَارِثُ مَسْجِدَ عِيَاضٍ وَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى الْكَرْمَانِيِّ يَدْعُوهُ إِلَى أَنْ يَكُونَ الْأَمْرُ شُورَى، فَأَبَى الْكَرْمَانِيُّ، فَانْتَقَلَ الْحَارِثُ عَنْهُ وَأَقَامُوا أَيَّامًا. قتل الحارث بن سريج وبشر بن جرموز ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْحَارِثَ أَتَى السُّورَ فَثَلَمَ فِيهِ ثُلْمَةً وَدَخَلَ الْبَلَدَ، وَأَتَى الْكَرْمَانِيَّ فَاقْتَتَلُوا فَاشْتَدَّ الْقِتَالُ بَيْنَهُمْ، فَانْهَزَمَ الْحَارِثُ وَقَتَلُوا مَا بَيْنَ الثُّلْمَةِ وَعَسْكَرِهِمْ وَالْحَارِثُ عَلَى بَغْلٍ، فَنَزَلَ عَنْهُ وَرَكِبَ فَرَسًا وَبَقِيَ فِي مِائَةٍ، فَقُتِلَ عِنْدَ شَجَرَةِ زَيْتُونٍ أَوْ غُبَيْرَاءَ، وَقُتِلَ أَخُوهُ سَوَادَةُ وَغَيْرُهُمَا. وَقِيلَ: كَانَ سَبَبُ قَتْلِهِ أَنَّ الْكَرْمَانِيَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى بِشْرِ بْنِ جُرْمُوزٍ، الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَا اعْتِزَالَهُ، وَمَعَهُ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ سُرَيْجٍ، فَأَقَامَ الْكَرْمَانِيُّ أَيَّامًا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ عَسْكَرِ بِشْرٍ فَرْسَخَانِ، ثُمَّ قَرُبَ مِنْهُ لِيُقَاتِلَهُ، فَنَدِمَ الْحَارِثُ عَلَى اتِّبَاعِ الْكَرْمَانِيِّ وَقَالَ: لَا تَعْجَلْ إِلَى قِتَالِهِمْ فَأَنَا أَرُدُّهُمْ عَلَيْكَ. فَخَرَجَ فِي عَشَرَةِ فَوَارِسَ، فَأَتَى عَسْكَرَ بِشْرٍ فَأَقَامَ مَعَهُمْ، وَخَرَجَ الْمُضَرِيَّةُ أَصْحَابُ الْحَارِثِ مِنْ عَسْكَرِ الْكَرْمَانِيِّ إِلَيْهِ، فَلَمْ يَبْقَ مَعَ الْكَرْمَانِيِّ مُضَرِيٌّ غَيْرُ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، فَإِنَّهُ قَالَ: لَمْ أَرَ الْحَارِثَ إِلَّا غَادِرًا. وَغَيْرُ الْمُهَلَّبِ بْنِ إِيَاسٍ فَإِنَّهُ قَالَ: لَمْ أَرَ الْحَارِثَ قَطُّ إِلَّا فِي خَيْلٍ تُطْرَدُ، فَقَاتَلَهُمُ الْكَرْمَانِيُّ مِرَارًا، يَقْتَتِلُونَ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُونَ إِلَى خَنَادِقِهِمْ، مَرَّةً لِهَؤُلَاءِ وَمَرَّةً لِهَؤُلَاءِ. ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْحَارِثَ ارْتَحَلَ بَعْدَ أَيَّامٍ فَنَقَبَ سُورَ مَرْوَ وَدَخَلَهَا، وَتَبِعَهُ الْكَرْمَانِيُّ فَدَخَلَهَا أَيْضًا، فَقَالَتِ الْمُضَرِيَّةُ لِلْحَارِثِ: تَرَكْنَا الْخَنَادِقَ فَهُوَ يَوْمُنَا، وَقَدْ فَرَرْتَ غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ فَتَرَجَّلْ. فَقَالَ: أَنَا لَكُمْ فَارِسًا خَيْرٌ مِنِّي لَكُمْ رَاجِلًا. فَقَالُوا: لَا نَرْضَى إِلَّا أَنْ تَتَرَجَّلَ، وَتَرَجَّلَ فَاقْتَتَلُوا هُمْ وَالْكَرْمَانِيُّ، فَقُتِلَ الْحَارِثُ وَأَخُوهُ بِشْرُ بْنُ جُرْمُوزَ وَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ فُرْسَانِ تَمِيمٍ وَانْهَزَمَ الْبَاقُونَ وَصَفَتْ مَرْوُ لِلْيَمَنِ، فَهَدَمُوا دُورَ الْمُضَرِيَّةِ ما قيل من شعر في قتل الحارث وهزيمة الأزد فَقَالَ نَصْرُ بْنُ سَيَّارٍ لِلْحَارِثِ حِينَ قُتِلَ، شِعْرٌ: يَا مُدْخِلَ الذُّلِّ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ بُعْدًا وَسُحْقًا لَكَ مِنْ هَالِكِ شُؤْمُكُ أَرْدَى مُضَرًا كُلَّهَا وَحَزَّ مِنْ قَوْمِكَ بِالْحَارِكِ مَا كَانَتِ الْأَزْدُ وَأَشْيَاعُهَا تَطْمَعُ فِي عَمْرٍو وَلَا مَالِكِ وَلَا بَنِي سَعْدٍ إِذَا أَلْجَمُوا كُلَّ طِمِرٍّ لَوْنُهُ حَالِكِ عَمْرٌو وَمَالِكٌ وَسَعْدٌ: بُطُونٌ مِنْ تَمِيمٍ. وَقِيلَ: بَلْ قَالَ هَذِهِ الْأَبْيَاتَ نَصْرٌ لِعُثْمَانَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ وَقَالَتْ أُمُّ كَثِيرٍ الضَّبِّيَّةُ، شِعْرٌ: لَا بَارَكَ اللَّهُ فِي أُنْثَى وَعَذَّبَهَا تَزَوَّجَتْ مُضَرِيًّا آخِرَ الدَّهْرِ أَبْلِغْ رِجَالَ تَمِيمٍ قَوْلَ مُوجَعَةٍ أَحْلَلْتُمُوهَا بِدَارِ الذُّلِّ وَالْفَقْرِ إِنْ أَنْتُمُ لَمْ تَكِرُّوا بَعْدَ جَوْلَتِكُمْ حَتَّى تُعِيدُوا رِجَالَ الْأَزْدِ فِي الظُّهْرِ إِنِّي اسْتَحَيْتُ لَكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ طَاعَتِكُمْ هَذَا الْمَزُونِيَّ يَجْبِيكُمْ عَلَى قَهْرِ
Translation
✧ Mention of the killing of al-Ḥārith b. Surayj, and al-Kirmānī’s gaining control of Marw We have already mentioned Yazīd b. al-Walīd’s grant of safe-conduct to al-Ḥārith b. Surayj and his return from the lands of the polytheists to the lands of Islam, and the disagreement that occurred between him and Naṣr. When Ibn Hubayrah was appointed over Iraq, he wrote to Naṣr with his appointment over Khurāsān, so he gave allegiance to Marwān b. Muḥammad. Al-Ḥārith said, “Yazīd granted me safe-conduct, but Marwān did not grant me safe-conduct, and Marwān will not uphold Yazīd’s safe-conduct; so I do not feel safe from him.” Thus he opposed Naṣr. Naṣr sent to him, inviting him to the community and warning him against division and giving the enemy hope, but he did not respond to what he wanted. He went out and encamped, and sent to Naṣr, saying, “Make the matter a council.” Naṣr refused. Al-Ḥārith ordered Jahm b. Ṣafwān, the head of the Jahmiyyah, who was a client of Rāsib, to read his conduct and what he called people to. When they heard that, they became many and his gathering grew large. Al-Ḥārith sent to Naṣr asking him to dismiss Sālim b. Aḥwaz from his guard, change his governors, and settle the matter between them by choosing men who would name people to act by the Book of God. Naṣr chose Muqātil b. Sulaymān and Muqātil b. Ḥayyān, and al-Ḥārith chose al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah al-Jahḍamī and Muʿādh b. Jabalah. Naṣr ordered his scribe to write what these four would approve of among the sunan and what governors they would choose, and to appoint them to the frontier of Samarqand and Ṭakhāristān. Al-Ḥārith used to claim that he was the man of the black banners. Naṣr sent to him, “If you claim that you will demolish the wall of Damascus and remove the rule of the Umayyads, take from me five hundred horses and two hundred camels, and carry whatever wealth you wish and war equipment, and go. By my life, if you are the man of what you mentioned, then I am in your hand; and if you are not, then you have destroyed your kinsmen.” Al-Ḥārith said, “I know this is true, but those who accompanied me will not pledge allegiance to me for it.” Naṣr said, “It has become clear that they are not of your opinion. Fear God regarding twenty thousand of Rabīʿah and Yemen who will perish among you.” He offered to appoint him over what was beyond the river and give him three hundred thousand, but he did not accept. (Naṣr said to him, “Begin with al-Kirmānī; if you kill him, then I will be in obedience to you.” But he did not accept.) Then they agreed to appoint Jahm b. Ṣafwān and Muqātil b. Ḥayyān as arbiters. They ruled that Naṣr should withdraw and the matter be a council, but Naṣr did not accept. Al-Ḥārith opposed him. Naṣr accused a group of his companions of corresponding with al-Ḥārith, and they excused themselves to him, so he accepted their excuse. A group of the people of Khurāsān came to him when they heard of the discord, among them ʿĀṣim b. ʿUmayr al-Ṣuraymī, Abū al-Dhayyāl al-Nājī, Muslim b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, and others. Al-Ḥārith ordered that his conduct be read in the markets and mosques and at Naṣr’s gate, and it was read, and many people came to him. A man read it at Naṣr’s gate, and Naṣr’s servants beat him, so al-Ḥārith broke with them and they prepared for war. A man of Marw showed al-Ḥārith a breach in its wall, so al-Ḥārith went to it, breached it, and entered the city from the direction of the gate of Bālīn. Jahm b. Masʿūd al-Nājī fought them, and Jahm was killed, (and they plundered the house of Sālim b. Aḥwaz) and killed those guarding the gate of Bālīn. That was on Monday, two nights remaining of Jumādā al-Ākhirah. Al-Ḥārith turned into the street of al-Sughd and saw Aʿyan, the client of Ḥayyān, and fought him, and Aʿyan was killed. Sālim rode in the morning and ordered a crier to proclaim, “Whoever brings a head gets three hundred.” The sun had not risen before al-Ḥārith was defeated, having fought them all night. Sālim came to al-Ḥārith’s camp and killed his scribe, named Yazīd b. Dāwūd, and killed the man who had shown al-Ḥārith the breach. Naṣr sent to al-Kirmānī, and he came under a pledge with a group. Words passed between Sālim b. Aḥwaz and Miqdām b. Nuʿaym, and each was harsh to the other, and each was aided by a number of those present. Al-Kirmānī feared it might be a trick of Naṣr, so he stood up, but they clung to him and he would not sit. He mounted his horse and returned, saying, “Naṣr intended treachery against me.” That day Jahm b. Ṣafwān was captured, as he was with al-Kirmānī, and was killed. Al-Ḥārith sent his son Ḥātim to al-Kirmānī, and Muḥammad b. al-Muthannā said to him, “They are both your enemies; leave them to fight each other.” The next day al-Kirmānī rode to the gate of the square of Yazīd and fought Naṣr’s companions. Al-Kirmānī advanced to the gate of Ḥarb b. ʿĀmir and sent his companions against Naṣr on Wednesday, and they shot at each other and then withdrew. On Thursday there was no fighting between them. They met on Friday, and the Azd were defeated until they reached al-Kirmānī. He took the banner in his hand and fought with it. Naṣr’s companions were defeated, and eighty horses were taken from them. Tamīm b. Naṣr was thrown down, and two packhorses were taken from him. Sālim b. Aḥwaz fell and was carried to Naṣr’s camp. When part of the night had passed, Naṣr left Marw, and ʿIṣmah b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Asadī, who was protecting Naṣr’s companions, was killed. They fought for three days, and al-Kirmānī’s companions, the Azd and Rabīʿah, were defeated on the last day. Al-Khalīl b. Ghazwān cried out, “O Rabīʿah and Yemen, al-Ḥārith has entered the market and killed Ibn al-Aqṭaʿ!”—meaning Naṣr b. Sayyār. This weakened the resolve of the Muḍarīs, Naṣr’s companions, and they were defeated. Tamīm b. Naṣr dismounted and fought. When the Yemenis defeated Muḍar, al-Ḥārith sent to Naṣr, “The Yemenis taunt me with your defeat while I hold back. Put the defenders of your companions opposite al-Kirmānī.” Naṣr took pledges from him for that. ʿAbd al-Ḥakīm b. Saʿīd al-ʿAwdhī and Abū Jaʿfar ʿĪsā b. Jurz came to Naṣr from Makkah. Naṣr said to ʿAbd al-Ḥakīm al-ʿAwdhī—they are a sub-tribe of the Azd—“Do you not see what the fools of your people have done?” He said, “Rather the fools of your people, whose rule has lasted long under your governorship, [and you made the rule for your people] to the exclusion of Rabīʿah and Yemen, so they became arrogant. Among Rabīʿah and Yemen are learned men and fools, and the fools overcame the learned.” Abū Jaʿfar ʿĪsā said to Naṣr, “O emir, you have had enough of rule and these matters, for a great affair has overshadowed you. A man of unknown lineage will arise, display black, and call to a state that will be, and he will prevail over the affair while you look on.” Naṣr said, “How likely it is to be as you say, given the lack of fidelity and the evil discord!” He said, “Al-Ḥārith will be killed and crucified, and al-Kirmānī is not far from that.” When Naṣr left Marw, al-Kirmānī took control of it. He addressed the people, granted them safety, demolished houses, and plundered wealth. Al-Ḥārith denounced that to him, and al-Kirmānī considered seizing him, then left him. Bishr b. Jurmūz withdrew with five thousand and said to al-Ḥārith, “I fought with you only seeking justice. Now that you are with al-Kirmānī, you fight only so that it may be said, ‘Al-Ḥārith prevailed,’ while these fight out of tribal zeal. I will not fight with you. We are the just group; we fight only those who fight us.” Al-Ḥārith came to the mosque of ʿIyāḍ and sent to al-Kirmānī, calling him to make the matter a council, but al-Kirmānī refused. So al-Ḥārith separated from him, and they remained for some days. The killing of al-Ḥārith b. Surayj and Bishr b. Jurmūz Then al-Ḥārith came to the wall, made a breach in it, and entered the town. He came upon al-Kirmānī, and they fought, and the battle intensified between them. Al-Ḥārith was defeated, and they killed between the breach and their camp. Al-Ḥārith was on a mule; he dismounted and mounted a horse, and remained with a hundred. He was killed by an olive or mountain ash tree, and his brother Sawādah and others were killed. It is said that the cause of his killing was that al-Kirmānī went out against Bishr b. Jurmūz, whose withdrawal we mentioned, with al-Ḥārith b. Surayj. Al-Kirmānī stayed for some days two parasangs between him and Bishr’s camp, then approached to fight him. Al-Ḥārith regretted following al-Kirmānī and said, “Do not hasten to fight them, for I will bring them back to you.” He went out with ten horsemen, came to Bishr’s camp, and stayed with them. The Muḍarī companions of al-Ḥārith left al-Kirmānī’s camp and joined him, so no Muḍarī remained with al-Kirmānī except Salamah b. Abī ʿAbd Allāh, who said, “I have never seen al-Ḥārith except as a traitor,” and except al-Muhallab b. Iyās, who said, “I have never seen al-Ḥārith except in horses being driven away.” Al-Kirmānī fought them repeatedly; they fought and then returned to their trenches, sometimes these and sometimes those. Then al-Ḥārith departed after some days, breached the wall of Marw, and entered it. Al-Kirmānī followed him and also entered. The Muḍarīs said to al-Ḥārith, “We have left the trenches, so this is our day. You have fled more than once, so dismount.” He said, “I am better for you as a horseman than on foot.” They said, “We will not be satisfied unless you dismount.” He dismounted, and they fought al-Kirmānī. Al-Ḥārith, his brother Bishr b. Jurmūz, and a number of Tamīm’s horsemen were killed, and the rest fled. Marw was cleared for Yemen, and they demolished the houses of the Muḍarīs. Poetry said about the killing of al-Ḥārith and the defeat of the Azd Naṣr b. Sayyār said about al-Ḥārith when he was killed: O you who brought humiliation upon your people, may you be far and remote, perished one! Your ill omen destroyed all Muḍar, and cut down your people at the withers. The Azd and their followers were not coveting ʿAmr nor Mālik, nor Banū Saʿd when they bridled every slender horse whose color is pitch black. ʿAmr, Mālik, and Saʿd are sub-tribes of Tamīm. It is also said that Naṣr said these verses to ʿUthmān b. Ṣadaqah. Umm Kathīr al-Ḍabbiyyah said: May God not bless nor punish a woman who marries a Muḍarī at the end of time. Convey to the men of Tamīm the words of a grieving woman: you have lodged her in the abode of humiliation and poverty. If you do not return after your rout until you put the men of the Azd back on the backs of horses, then I am ashamed for you, after your obedience, that this Mazūnī collects tribute from you by force.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.