Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2620
Then the Year 126 AH Began
وَفِي سَلْخِ ذِي الْقِعْدَةِ، وَقِيلَ: فِي سَلْخِ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ. وَقِيلَ: لِعَشَرٍ مَضَيْنَ مِنْهُ. وَقِيلَ: بَعْدَ الْأَضْحَى مِنْهَا. كَانَتْ وَفَاةُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ، وَهَذِهِ تَرْجَمَتُهُ: هُوَ يَزِيدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَاصِ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافِ بْنِ قَصِيِّ، أَبُو خَالِدٍ الْأُمَوِيُّ، أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بُويِعَ لَهُ بِالْخِلَافَةِ أَوَّلَ مَا بُويِعَ بِهَا فِي قَرْيَةٍ الْمِزَّةِ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ دِمَشْقَ فَغَلَبَ عَلَيْهَا، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ الْجُيُوشَ إِلَى ابْنِ عَمِّهِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ فَقَتَلَهُ، وَاسْتَحْوَذَ عَلَى الْخِلَافَةِ فِي أَوَاخِرَ جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَكَانَ يُلَقَّبُ بِالنَّاقِصِ ; لِنَقْصِهِ النَّاسَ الْعَشَرَاتِ الَّتِي زَادَهُمْ إِيَّاهَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، وَقِيلَ: إِنَّمَا سَمَّاهُ بِذَلِكَ مَرْوَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُلَقَّبُ بِالْحِمَارِ. فَكَانَ يَقُولُ: النَّاقِصُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ. وَأَمُّهُ شَاهْفَرِنْدَ بِنْتُ فَيْرُوزَ بْنِ كِسْرَى كِسْرَوِيَّةٌ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ: وَأُمُّهُ شَاهْ آفْرِيْدَ بِنْتُ فَيْرُوزَ بْنِ يَزْدَجِرْدَ بْنِ شَهْرِيَارَ بْنِ كِسْرَى. وَهُوَ الْقَائِلُ: أَنَا ابْنُ كِسْرَى وَأَبِي مَرْوَانُ وَقَيْصَرُ جَدِّي وَجَدُّ خَاقَانَ وَإِنَّمَا قَالَ ذَلِكَ لِأَنَّ جَدَّهُ فَيْرُوزُ وَأُمُّ أُمِّهِ بِنْتُ قَيْصَرَ وَأُمُّ شِيرَوَيْهِ هِيَ بِنْتُ خَاقَانَ مَلِكُ التُّرْكِ وَكَانَتْ قَدْ سَبَاهَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ هِيَ وَأُخْتًا لَهَا، فَبَعَثَهُمَا إِلَى الْحَجَّاجِ فَأَرْسَلَ بِهَذِهِ إِلَى الْوَلِيدِ وَاسْتَبْقَى عِنْدَهُ الْأُخْرَى. فَوَلَدَتْ هَذِهِ لِلْوَلِيدِ يَزِيدَ النَّاقِصَ، وَكَانَ مَوْلِدُهُ فِي سَنَةِ تِسْعِينَ، وَقِيلَ: فِي سَنَةِ سِتٍّ وَتِسْعِينَ. وَقَدْ رَوَى عَنْهُ الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ مَسْأَلَةً فِي السَّلَمِ. وَقَدْ ذَكَرْنَا كَيْفِيَّةَ وِلَايَتِهِ فِيمَا سَلَفَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَأَنَّهُ كَانَ عَادِلًا دَيِّنًا، مُحِبًّا لِلْخَيْرِ، مُبْغِضًا لِلشَّرِّ، قَاصِدًا لِلْحَقِّ. وَقَدْ خَرَجَ يَوْمَ عِيدِ الْفِطْرِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ إِلَى صَلَاةِ الْعِيدِ بَيْنَ صَفَّيْنِ مِنَ الْخَيَّالَةِ، وَالسُّيُوفُ مُسَلَّةٌ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَشِمَالِهِ، وَرَجَعَ مِنَ الْمُصَلَّى إِلَى الْخَضْرَاءِ كَذَلِكَ، وَكَانَ رَجُلًا صَالِحًا، يُقَالُ فِي الْمَثَلِ: الْأَشَجُّ وَالنَّاقِصُ أَعْدَلَا بَنِي مَرْوَانَ. وَالْمُرَادُ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَهَذَا. وَقَدْ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي الدُّنْيَا: بسنده: قَالَ يَزِيدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ النَّاقِصُ: يَا بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ إِيَّاكُمْ وَالْغِنَاءَ، فَإِنَّهُ يُنْقِصُ الْحَيَاءَ، وَيَزِيدُ فِي الشَّهْوَةِ، وَيَهْدِمُ الْمُرُوءَةَ، وَإِنَّهُ لَيَنُوبُ عَنِ الْخَمْرِ، وَيَفْعَلَ مَا يَفْعَلُ الْمُسْكِرُ، فَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ لَا بُدَّ فَاعِلِينَ فَجَنِّبُوهُ النِّسَاءَ فَإِنَّ الْغِنَاءَ دَاعِيَةُ الزِّنَى. وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الشَّافِعِيِّ: لَمَّا وَلِيَ يَزِيدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ الَّذِي يُقَالُ لَهُ: النَّاقِصُ. دَعَا النَّاسَ إِلَى الْقَدَرِ، وَحَمَلَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ، وَقَرَّبَ غَيْلَانَ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ: وَلَعَلَّهُ قَرَّبَ أَصْحَابَ غَيْلَانَ لِأَنَّ غَيْلَانَ قَتَلَهُ هِشَامُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ: آخِرُ مَا تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ يَزِيدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ النَّاقِصُ: وَاحَسْرَتَاهُ ! وَاأَسَفَاهُ. وَكَانَ نَقْشُ خَاتَمِهِ: الْعَظَمَةُ لِلَّهِ. وَكَانَتْ وَفَاتُهُ بِالْخَضْرَاءِ مِنْ طَاعُونٍ أَصَابَهُ، وَذَلِكَ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ لِسَبْعٍ مَضَيْنَ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ، وَقِيلَ: فِي مُسْتَهَلِّهِ. وَقِيلَ: يَوْمَ الْأَضْحَى مِنْهُ. وَقِيلَ: بَعْدَهُ بِأَيَّامٍ. وَقِيلَ: لِعَشْرٍ بَقَيْنَ مِنْهُ. وَقِيلَ: فِي سَلْخِهِ. وَقِيلَ: فِي سَلْخِ ذِي الْقِعْدَةِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. وَأَكْثَرُ مَا قِيلَ فِي عُمْرِهِ سِتٌّ وَأَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً. وَقِيلَ: ثَلَاثُونَ سَنَةً. وَقِيلَ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَكَانَتْ مُدَّةُ وِلَايَتِهِ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ عَلَى الْأَشْهَرِ. وَقِيلَ: خَمْسَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَأَيَّامٌ. وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ أَخُوهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَهُوَ وَلِيُّ عَهْدِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ. وَذَكَرَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ كَثِيرِ بْنِ عُفَيْرٍ أَنَّهُ دُفِنَ بَيْنَ بَابِ الْجَابِيَةِ وَبَابِ الصَّغِيرِ وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ دُفِنَ بِبَابِ الْفَرَادِيسِ. وَكَانَ أَسْمَرَ نَحِيفًا، حَسَنَ الْجِسْمِ، حَسَنَ الْوَجْهِ. وَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَدَائِنِيُّ: كَانَ يَزِيدُ أَسْمَرَ طَوِيلًا، صَغِيرَ الرَّأْسِ، بِوَجْهِهِ خَالٌ، وَكَانَ جَمِيلًا، فِي فَمِهِ بَعْضُ السِّعَةِ، وَلَيْسَ بِالْمُفْرِطِ.
Translation
✧ At the end of Dhū al-Qaʿdah, and it is said: at the end of Dhū al-Ḥijjah. And it is said: ten days after it had passed. And it is said: after the sacrifice from it, was the death of the Commander of the Faithful Yazīd b. al-Walīd, may God have mercy on him, and this is his biography: He is Yazīd b. al-Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān b. al-Ḥakam b. Abī al-ʿĀṣ b. Umayyah b. ʿAbd Shams b. ʿAbd Manāf b. Quṣayy, Abū Khālid al-Umawī, Commander of the Faithful. He was given the pledge of allegiance for the caliphate first when he was pledged allegiance in the village of al-Mizzah, then he entered Damascus and overcame it, then he sent armies against his cousin al-Walīd b. Yazīd and killed him, and took possession of the caliphate in the latter part of Jumādā al-Ākhirah of this year. He was nicknamed al-Nāqiṣ (the Deficient) because he reduced the people the tens which al-Walīd b. Yazīd had increased them. And it is said: Marwān b. Muḥammad, nicknamed al-Ḥimār (the donkey), named him that. He used to say: the Deficient son of al-Walīd. His mother was Shāhfirand bt. Fayrūz b. Kisrā, a Kisrawiyyah. And Ibn Jarīr said: His mother was Shāh Āfrīd bt. Fayrūz b. Yazdajird b. Shahriyār b. Kisrā. He is the one who said: I am the son of Kisrā and my father is Marwān And Caesar is my grandfather and grandfather of Khāqān He only said that because his grandfather Fayrūz and the mother of his mother was the daughter of Caesar, and the mother of Shīrawayh is the daughter of Khāqān, king of the Turks. She and a sister of hers had been taken captive by Qutaybah b. Muslim, and he sent both of them to al-Ḥajjāj, who sent this one to al-Walīd and kept the other with him. This one bore al-Walīd Yazīd al-Nāqiṣ. His birth was in the year ninety, and it is said: in the year ninety-six. Al-Awzāʿī narrated from him a question concerning salam (advance payment). We have already mentioned the manner of his assuming authority previously in this year, and that he was just, devout, loving good, hating evil, and intending truth. He went out on the day of the ʿĪd al-Fiṭr of this year to the prayer of the ʿĪd between two rows of cavalry, with swords drawn to his right and left, and returned from the prayer place to al-Khaḍrāʾ likewise. He was a righteous man. It is said in the proverb: al-Ashajj and al-Nāqiṣ were the most just of the Banū Marwān. The meaning is ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz and this one. Abū Bakr b. Abī al-Dunyā said, with his chain of transmission: Yazīd b. al-Walīd al-Nāqiṣ said: O Banū Umayyah, beware of singing, for it diminishes modesty, and increases desire, and destroys manliness, and it indeed substitutes for wine, and does what the intoxicant does. If you must do it, then keep it away from women, for singing is a summoner to fornication. Ibn ʿAbd al-Ḥakam said, from al-Shāfiʿī: When Yazīd b. al-Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān, who is called al-Nāqiṣ, took power, he called the people to belief in free will (al-qadar), and urged them upon it, and brought Ghaylān near. Ibn ʿAsākir said: Perhaps he brought the companions of Ghaylān near because Ghaylān was killed by Hishām b. ʿAbd al-Malik. Muḥammad b. al-Mubārak said: The last words Yazīd b. al-Walīd al-Nāqiṣ spoke were: Alas! What regret! What sorrow! The inscription of his signet ring was: Greatness belongs to God. His death was at al-Khaḍrāʾ from a plague that afflicted him, and that was on Saturday, seven days having passed of Dhū al-Ḥijjah; and it is said: at its beginning; and it is said: on the day of sacrifice of it; and it is said: after it by days; and it is said: ten days remaining of it; and it is said: at its end; and it is said: at the end of Dhū al-Qaʿdah of this year. The most that is said of his age is forty-six years; and it is said: thirty years; and other than that is said. God knows best. The duration of his authority was six months according to the most well-known; and it is said: five months and some days. His brother Ibrāhīm b. al-Walīd, who was his successor after him, prayed over him, may God have mercy on him. Saʿīd b. Kathīr b. ʿUfayr mentioned that he was buried between Bāb al-Jābiyah and Bāb al-Ṣaghīr. And it is said: he was buried at Bāb al-Farādīs. He was brown-skinned, thin, with a handsome body and a handsome face. ʿAlī b. Muḥammad al-Madāʾinī said: Yazīd was brown-skinned, tall, with a small head, and on his face there was a mole. He was handsome, and in his mouth there was some wideness, but not excessive.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.