Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2610
Then the Year 126 AH Began
ذِكْرُ عَزْلِ يُوسُفَ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنِ الْعِرَاقِ وَلَمَّا قُتِلَ الْوَلِيدُ اسْتَعْمَلَ يَزِيدُ عَلَى الْعِرَاقِ مَنْصُورَ بْنَ جُمْهُورٍ، وَكَانَ قَدْ نَدَبَ قَبْلَهُ إِلَى وِلَايَةِ الْعِرَاقِ عَبْدَ الْعَزِيزِ بْنَ هَارُونَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِحْيَةَ بْنِ خَلِيفَةَ الْكَلْبِيَّ، فَقَالَ: لَوْ كَانَ مَعِي جُنْدٌ لَقَبِلْتُ. فَتَرَكَهُ وَاسْتَعْمَلَ مَنْصُورًا، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ مَنْصُورٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الدِّينِ، وَإِنَّمَا صَارَ مَعَ يَزِيدَ لِرَأْيِهِ فِي الْغَيْلَانِيَّةِ، وَحَمِيَّةً لِقَتْلِ يُوسُفَ خَالِدًا الْقَسْرِيَّ، فَشَهِدَ لِذَلِكَ قَتْلَ الْوَلِيدِ، وَقَالَ لَهُ لَمَّا وَلَّاهُ الْعِرَاقَ: اتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَاعْلَمْ أَنِّي إِنَّمَا قَتَلْتُ الْوَلِيدَ لِفِسْقِهِ وَلِمَا أَظْهَرَ مِنَ الْجَوْرِ، فَلَا تَرْكَبْ مِثْلَ مَا قَتَلْنَاهُ عَلَيْهِ. وَلَمَّا بَلَغَ يُوسُفَ بْنَ عُمَرَ قَتْلُ الْوَلِيدِ عَمَدَ إِلَى مَنْ بِحَضْرَتِهِ مِنَ الْيَمَانِيَّةِ فَسَجَنَهُمْ، ثُمَّ جَعَلَ يَخْلُو بِالرَّجُلِ بَعْدَ الرَّجُلِ مِنَ الْمُضَرِيَّةِ فَيَقُولُ: مَا عِنْدَكَ إِنِ اضْطَرَبَ الْحَبْلُ ؟ فَيَقُولُ الْمُضَرِيُّ: أَنَا رَجُلٌ مَنْ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ أُبَايِعُ مَنْ بَايَعُوا وَأَفْعَلُ مَا فَعَلُوا. فَلَمْ يَرَ عِنْدَهُمْ مَا يُحِبُّ فَأَطْلَقَ الْيَمَانِيَّةَ. وَأَقْبَلَ مَنْصُورٌ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ بِعَيْنِ التَّمْرِ كَتَبَ إِلَى مَنْ بِالْحِيرَةِ مِنْ قُوَّادِ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ يُخْبِرُهُمْ بِقَتْلِ الْوَلِيدِ وَتَأْمِيرِهِ عَلَى الْعِرَاقِ وَيَأْمُرُهُمْ بِأَخْذِ يُوسُفَ وَعُمَّالِهِ، وَبَعَثَ الْكُتُبَ كُلَّهَا إِلَى سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ لِيُفَرِّقَهَا عَلَى الْقُوَّادِ، فَحَبَسَ الْكُتُبَ وَحَمَلَ كِتَابَهُ فَأَقْرَأَهُ يُوسُفَ بْنَ عُمَرَ، فَتَحَيَّرَ فِي أَمْرِهِ وَقَالَ لِسُلَيْمَانَ: مَا الرَّأْيُ ؟ قَالَ: لَيْسَ لَكَ إِمَامٌ تُقَاتِلُ مَعَهُ، وَلَا يُقَاتِلُ أَهْلُ الشَّامِ مَعَكَ، وَلَا آمَنُ عَلَيْكَ مَنْصُورًا، وَمَا الرَّأْيُ إِلَّا أَنْ تَلْحَقَ بِشَامِكَ. قَالَ: فَكَيْفَ الْحِيلَةُ ؟ قَالَ: تُظْهِرُ الطَّاعَةَ لِيَزِيدَ وَتَدْعُو لَهُ فِي خُطْبَتِكَ، فَإِذَا قَرُبَ مَنْصُورٌ تَسْتَخْفِي عِنْدِي وَتَدَعُهُ وَالْعَمَلَ. ثُمَّ مَضَى سُلَيْمَانُ إِلَى عَمْرِو بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِأَمْرِهِ وَسَأَلَهُ أَنْ يُئْوِيَ يُوسُفَ بْنَ عُمَرَ عِنْدَهُ، فَفَعَلَ، فَانْتَقَلَ يُوسُفُ إِلَيْهِ، قَالَ: فَلَمْ يُرَ رَجُلٌ كَانَ [ لَهُ ] مِثْلُ عُتُوِّهِ خَافَ خَوْفَهُ. وَقَدِمَ مَنْصُورٌ الْكُوفَةَ فَخَطَبَهُمْ وَذَمَّ الْوَلِيدَ وَيُوسُفَ، وَقَامَتِ الْخُطَبَاءُ فَذَمُّوهُمَا مَعَهُ، فَأَتَى عَمْرُو بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ إِلَى يُوسُفَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ، فَجَعَلَ لَا يَذْكُرُ رَجُلًا مِمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ بِسُوءٍ إِلَّا قَالَ: لِلَّهِ عَلَيَّ أَنْ أَضْرِبَهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا سَوْطًا ! فَجَعَلَ عَمْرٌو يَتَعَجَّبُ مِنْ طَمَعِهِ فِي الْوِلَايَةِ وَتَهَدَّدَهُ النَّاسُ. وَسَارَ يُوسُفُ مِنَ الْكُوفَةِ سِرًّا إِلَى الشَّامِ فَنَزَلَ الْبَلْقَاءَ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ خَبَرُهُ يَزِيدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ وَجَّهَ إِلَيْهِ خَمْسِينَ فَارِسًا، فَعَرَضَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي نُمَيْرٍ لِيُوسُفَ فَقَالَ: يَابْنَ عُمَرَ وَاللَّهِ مَقْتُولٌ فَأَطِعْنِي وَامْتَنِعْ. قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ: فَدَعْنِي أَقْتُلْكَ أَنَا، وَلَا تَقْتُلْكَ هَذِهِ الْيَمَانِيَّةُ فَتَغِيظَنَا فِي قَتْلِكَ. قَالَ: مَا لِي فِيمَا عَرَضْتَ جَنَانٌ. قَالَ: فَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ. فَطَلَبَهُ الْمُسَيَّرُونَ لِأَخْذِهِ فَلَمْ يَرَوْهُ، فَهَدَّدُوا ابْنًا لَهُ، فَقَالَ: إِنِّهُ انْطَلَقَ إِلَى مَزْرَعَةٍ لَهُ، فَسَارُوا فِي طَلَبِهِ، فَلَمَّا أَحَسَّ بِهِمْ هَرَبَ وَتَرَكَ نَعْلَيْهِ، فَفَتَّشُوا عَنْهُ فَوَجَدُوهُ بَيْنَ نِسْوَةٍ قَدْ أَلْقَيْنَ عَلَيْهِ قَطِيفَةَ خَزٍّ، وَجَلَسْنَ عَلَى حَوَاشِيهَا حَاسِرَاتٍ، فَجَرُّوا بِرِجْلِهِ وَأَخَذُوهُ وَأَقْبَلُوا بِهِ إِلَى يَزِيدَ، فَوَثَبَ عَلَيْهِ بَعْضُ الْحَرَسِ فَأَخَذَ بِلِحْيَتِهِ وَنَتَفَ بَعْضَهَا، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَعْظَمِ النَّاسِ لِحْيَةً وَأَصْغَرِهِمْ قَامَةً، فَلَمَّا أُدْخِلَ عَلَى يَزِيدَ قَبَضَ عَلَى لِحْيَةِ نَفْسِهِ، وَهِيَ إِلَى سُرَّتِهِ، فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ نَتَفَ وَاللَّهِ لِحْيَتِي فَمَا أَبْقَى فِيهَا شَعْرَةً ! فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَحُبِسَ بِالْخَضْرَاءِ، فَأَتَاهُ إِنْسَانٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ: أَمَا تَخَافُ أَنْ يَطْلَعَ عَلَيْكَ بَعْضُ مَنْ قَدْ وَتَرْتَ فَيُلْقِي عَلَيْكَ حَجَرًا فَيَقْتُلُكَ ؟ فَقَالَ: مَا فَطِنْتُ لِهَذَا. فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى يَزِيدَ يَطْلُبُ مِنْهُ أَنْ يُحَوَّلَ إِلَى حَبْسٍ غَيْرِ الْخَضْرَاءِ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَضْيَقَ مِنْهُ. فَعَجِبَ مِنْ حُمْقِهِ، فَنَقَلَهُ وَحَبَسَهُ مَعَ ابْنَيِ الْوَلِيدِ، فَبَقِيَ فِي الْحَبْسِ وِلَايَةَ يَزِيدَ وَشَهْرَيْنِ وَعَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ وِلَايَةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، فَلَمَّا قَرُبَ مَرْوَانُ مِنْ دِمَشْقَ وَلَّى قَتْلَهُمْ يَزِيدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ الْقَسْرِيُّ مَوْلًى لِأَبِيهِ خَالِدٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ أَبُو الْأَسَدِ. وَدَخَلَ مَنْصُورُ بْنُ جُمْهُورٍ لِأَيَّامٍ خَلَتْ مِنْ رَجَبٍ، فَأَخَذَ بُيُوتَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَأَخْرَجَ الْعَطَاءَ وَالْأَرْزَاقَ وَأَطْلَقَ مَنْ كَانَ فِي السُّجُونِ مِنَ الْعُمَّالِ وَأَهْلِ الْخَرَاجِ، وَبَايَعَ لِيَزِيدَ بِالْعِرَاقِ وَأَقَامَ بَقِيَّةَ رَجَبٍ وَشَعْبَانَ وَرَمَضَانَ، وَانْصَرَفَ لِأَيَّامٍ بَقِينَ مِنْهُ.
Translation
✧ Mention of the dismissal of Yūsuf b. ʿUmar from Iraq When al-Walīd was killed, Yazīd appointed Manṣūr b. Jumhūr over Iraq. He had earlier delegated ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Hārūn b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Diḥya b. Khalīfa al-Kalbī to the governorship of Iraq, but he said, "If I had troops with me, I would accept." So he left him and appointed Manṣūr. Manṣūr was not a man of religion; he had only sided with Yazīd because of his view on the Ghaylāniyya and out of zeal for the killing of Khālid al-Qasrī by Yūsuf. For that reason he had witnessed the killing of al-Walīd. When Yazīd appointed him over Iraq, he said to him, "Fear God, and know that I killed al-Walīd only for his depravity and the injustice he displayed. Do not commit the like of what we killed him for." When news of al-Walīd's death reached Yūsuf b. ʿUmar, he seized those Yemenis who were present with him and imprisoned them. Then he began to meet privately with man after man of the Muḍarīs, saying, "What do you have if the rope becomes frayed?" The Muḍarī would say, "I am a man from the people of Syria. I pledge allegiance to whomever they pledge allegiance, and I do what they do." He saw nothing among them that pleased him, so he released the Yemenis. Manṣūr arrived. When he was at ʿAyn al-Tamr, he wrote to the commanders of the people of Syria who were at al-Ḥīra, informing them of the killing of al-Walīd and his own appointment over Iraq, and ordering them to seize Yūsuf and his governors. He sent all the letters to Sulaymān b. Sulaym b. Kaysān to distribute them among the commanders, but Sulaymān withheld the letters and carried his own letter and read it to Yūsuf b. ʿUmar. Yūsuf was bewildered by his situation and said to Sulaymān, "What is the right course?" He said, "You have no imam to fight with, and the people of Syria will not fight with you, and I do not trust Manṣūr with regard to you. The only right course is for you to join your Syria." He said, "How can I contrive that?" He said, "You show obedience to Yazīd and pray for him in your sermon. When Manṣūr draws near, you hide with me and leave him and the office." Then Sulaymān went to ʿAmr b. Muḥammad b. Saʿīd b. al-ʿĀṣ, informed him of the matter, and asked him to shelter Yūsuf b. ʿUmar with him, and he did so. Yūsuf moved to him. He said, "No man who had such arrogance was ever seen to fear as he feared." Manṣūr entered al-Kūfa, addressed its people, and censured al-Walīd and Yūsuf. The orators rose and censured both of them along with him. ʿAmr b. Muḥammad went to Yūsuf and informed him, and Yūsuf began to say of every man who mentioned him ill, "By God, it is incumbent upon me to give him so many lashes!" ʿAmr marveled at his greed for the governorship and his threatening of people. Yūsuf traveled secretly from al-Kūfa to Syria and halted at al-Balqāʾ. When news of him reached Yazīd b. al-Walīd, he dispatched fifty horsemen against him. A man of Banū Numayr encountered Yūsuf and said, "O Ibn ʿUmar, by God you will be killed. Obey me and defend yourself." He said, "No." The man said, "Then let me kill you myself, and do not let these Yemenis kill you and enrage us over your killing." He said, "I have no heart for what you propose." The man said, "You know best." The pursuers sought him to seize him but did not see him. They threatened a son of his, and the son said, "He has gone off to a farm of his." They went in pursuit of him. When he sensed them, he fled and left his sandals. They searched for him and found him among women who had thrown a brocade velvet cover over him and sat bareheaded on its edges. They dragged him by his foot, seized him, and brought him to Yazīd. One of the guard leaped upon him, took hold of his beard, and plucked some of it. He was among the people with the largest beard and the shortest stature. When he was brought in to Yazīd, he grasped his own beard, which reached his navel, and began to say, "O Commander of the Faithful, by God they plucked my beard, and not a hair remains in it!" Yazīd ordered him imprisoned in al-Khaḍrāʾ. A man came to him and said, "Do you not fear that someone against whom you have a blood debt may look down upon you, hurl a stone at you, and kill you?" He said, "I had not noticed this." So he sent to Yazīd asking that he be moved to a prison other than al-Khaḍrāʾ, even if it were narrower than it. Yazīd marveled at his folly, moved him, and imprisoned him with the two sons of al-Walīd. He remained in prison throughout Yazīd's reign and two months and ten days of Ibrāhīm's reign. When Marwān drew near Damascus, he appointed Yazīd b. Khālid al-Qasrī, a client of his father Khālid called Abū al-Asad, to kill them. Manṣūr b. Jumhūr entered al-Kūfa in the month of Rajab, with some days having passed. He took the treasuries, dispensed the stipends and provisions, released those who were in the prisons from among the governors and tax officials, and received the oath of allegiance for Yazīd in Iraq. He remained for the rest of Rajab, Shaʿbān, and Ramaḍān, and departed with some days remaining of it.
Grades by grader
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