Tarikh (al-Tabari) 260
Chapter mentioning a group of the prophets of the Israelites after Mūsā (peace be upon him)
عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا قَبَضَ اللَّهُ الْيَسَعَ مَرَجَ أَمْرُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، وَعَظُمَتْ فِيهِمُ الْأَحْدَاثُ وَالْخُطُوبُ وَالْخَطَايَا، وَقَتَلُوا مَنْ قَتَلُوا مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ، وَسَلَّطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ بَدَلَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ مُلُوكًا جَبَّارِينَ يَظْلِمُونَهُمْ، وَيَسْفِكُونَ دِمَاءَهُمْ، وَسَلَّطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَعْدَاءَ مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ أَيْضًا. وَكَانُوا إِذَا قَاتَلُوا أَحَدًا مِنَ الْأَعْدَاءِ، يَكُونُ مَعَهُمْ تَابُوتُ الْمِيثَاقِ الَّذِي كَانَ فِي قُبَّةِ الزَّمَانِ، كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُهُ، فَكَانُوا يُنْصَرُونَ بِبَرَكَتِهِ، وَبِمَا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ مِنَ السِّكِّينَةِ وَالْبَقِيَّةِ، مِمَّا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسَى وَآلُ هَارُونَ وَكَانُوا لَا يَلْقَاهُمْ عَدُوٌّ فَيُقَدِّمُونَ التَّابُوتَ وَيَزْحَفُونَ بِهِ مَعَهُمْ إِلَّا هَزَمَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ الْعَدُوَّ. وَكَانَتِ السَّكِينَةُ شِبْهَ رَأْسِ هِرٍّ، فَإِذَا صَرَخَتْ فِي التَّابُوتِ بِصُرَاخِ هِرٍّ أَيْقَنُوا بِالنَّصْرِ وَجَاءَهُمُ الْفَتْحُ. ثُمَّ خَلَفَ فِيهِمْ مَلِكٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ إِيلَافُ، فَكَانُوا إِذَا نَزَلَ بِهِمْ عَدُوٌّ فَخَرَجُوا إِلَيْهِ وَأَخْرَجُوا التَّابُوتَ، فَنَزَلَ بِهِمْ عَدُوٌّ فَأَخَذَ مِنْ أَيْدِهِمُ التَّابُوتَ، فَأُخْبِرَ مَلِكُهُمْ إِيلَافُ بِأَخْذِ التَّابُوتِ فَمَاتَ كَمَدًا، وَوَطِئَهُمْ عَدُّوهُمْ حَتَّى أُصِيبَ مِنْ أَبْنَائِهِمْ وَنِسَائِهِمْ، فَمَكَثُوا عَلَى اضْطِرَابٍ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ، وَاخْتِلَالٍ مِنْ أَحْوَالِهِمْ يَتَمَادَوْنَ فِي غَيِّهِمْ وَضَلَالِهِمْ، فَسُلِّطَ عَلَيْهِمْ مَنْ يَنْتَقِمُ مِنْهُمْ، ثُمَّ يُرَاجِعُونَ التَّوْبَةَ فَيَكُفُّ [اللَّهُ] عَنْهُمْ شَرَّ مَنْ يَبْغِيهِمْ إِلَى أَنْ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَشْمُوئِيلَ. فَبُعِثَ فِي زَمَانِهِ طَالُوتُ مَلِكًا، فَاسْتَخْلَصَ التَّابُوتَ، وَكَانَ أَمْرُهُمْ مِنْ مُدَّةِ وَفَاةِ يُوشَعَ تَارَةً إِلَى مَا ذَكَرْنَا مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ، وَتَارَةً إِلَى الْقُضَاةِ، وَتَارَةً إِلَى السَّاسَةِ، وَتَارَةً إِلَى عَدُوٍّ يَقْهَرُهُمْ، إِلَى أَنْ عَادَ الْمُلْكُ وَالنُّبُوَّةُ إِلَيْهِمْ بِأَشْمُوئِيلَ، فَكَانَتْ تِلْكَ الْمُدَّةُ أَرْبَعَمِائَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ سَنَةً. وَكَانَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ مَلَكَهُمْ فِي هَذِهِ الْمُدَّةِ رَجُلًا مِنْ نَسْلِ لُوطٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ "كُوسَانُ" فَقَهَرَهُمْ وَأَذَلَّهُمْ ثَمَانِيَ سِنِينَ ثُمَّ أَخَذَهُ مِنْ يَدِهِ أَخٌ لِكَالِبَ الْأَصْغَرِ يُقَالُ لَهُ "عَثَانِيلُ بْنُ يُوفَنَّا" فَقَامَ بِأَمْرِهِمْ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً، ثُمَّ سَلَّطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مَلِكًا يُقَالُ لَهُ "جَعْلُونُ" وَيُقَالُ "أَعْلُونُ" فَمَلَكَهُمْ ثَمَانِيَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً. ثُمَّ مَلَكَ بَعْدَهُ "أَيْلُونُ" مِنْ وَلَدِ إِفْرَائِيمَ خَمْسًا وَخَمْسِينَ سَنَةً، فَقَالَ: إِنَّهُ لَمَّا تَمَّتْ لَهُ خَمْسٌ وَثَلَاثُونَ سَنَةً مِنْ مُلْكِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ تَمَّتْ لِلْعَالَمِ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافِ سَنَةٍ. ثُمَّ مَلَكَهُمْ رَجُلٌ مِنْ سِبْطِ بِنْيَامِينَ يُقَالُ لَهُ "أَهْوَزُ بْنُ حَنُّو الْأَشَلُّ" فَقَامَ بِأَمْرِهِمْ ثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً، ثُمَّ سُلِّطَ عَلَيْهِمْ مَلِكٌ مِنَ الْكَنْعَانِيِّينَ يُقَالُ لَهُ "يَافِينُ" فَمَلَكَهُمْ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً. ثُمَّ اسْتَنْقَذَتْهُمُ امْرَأَةُ نَبِيٍّ مِنْ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ يُقَالُ لَهَا "دَيْوَارُ" فَدَبَّرَ أَمْرَهُمْ مِنْ قِبَلِهَا رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ "بَارَاقُ" أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً، ثُمَّ سُلِّطَ عَلَيْهِمْ قَوْمٌ مِنْ نَسْلِ لُوطٍ فَمَلَكُوهُمْ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ. ثُمَّ أَنْقَذَهُمْ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ مِنْ وَلَدِ نَفْثَالِي بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ يُقَالُ لَهُ "جَدْعُونُ بْنُ بَرَانِسَ" فَدَبَّرَ أَمْرَهُمْ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً، ثُمَّ دَبَّرَ أَمْرَهُمْ [مِنْ] بَعْدُ ابْنُهُ أَبِيمَلْكُ -وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ- ثَلَاثًا وَعِشْرِينَ سَنَةً، ثُمَّ دَبَّرَهُمْ بَعْدَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ يُقَالُ لَهُ "بَابِينُ" اثْنَتَيْنِ وَعِشْرِينَ سَنَةً. ثُمَّ مَلَكَهُمْ بَعْدَهُ بَنُو عَمُونَ، وَهُمْ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ فِلَسْطِينَ ثَمَانِيَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً، ثُمَّ قَامَ بِأَمْرِهِمْ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهُ: "يَفْتَحُ" سِتَّ سِنِينَ. ثُمَّ دَبَّرَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ "أَلُونُ" عَشْرَ سِنِينَ، ثُمَّ دَبَّرَ أَمْرَهُمْ يَحْنُونُ وَهُوَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، ثُمَّ دَبَّرَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ "لَيْزُونُ"، وَيُسَمِّيهِ بَعْضُهُمْ عَكْرُونُ ثَمَانِيَ سِنِينَ، ثُمَّ قَهَرَهُمْ أَهْلُ فِلَسْطِينَ وَمَلَكُوهُمْ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً. ثُمَّ وَلِيَهُمْ شَمْشُونُ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً، ثُمَّ بَقُوا بِغَيْرِ رَئِيسٍ وَلَا مُدَبِّرٍ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ. ثُمَّ دَبَّرَ أَمْرَهُمْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ عَالِي الْكَاهِنِ، وَفِي أَيَّامِهِ غَلَبَ أَهْلُ غَزَّةَ وَعَسْقَلَانَ عَلَى التَّابُوتِ، ثُمَّ مَضَى مِنْ وَقْتِ قِيَامِهِ بِأَمْرِهِمْ أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً، بُعِثَ شَمْوِيلُ نَبِيًّا فَدَبَّرَ أَمْرَهُمْ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ. ثُمَّ سَأَلُوهُ حِينَ نَالَهُمْ بِالذُّلِّ وَالْهَوَانِ [بِمَعْصِيَتِهِمْ رَبَّهُمْ] أَعْدَاؤُهُمْ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ لَهُمْ مَلِكًا مَعَهُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَبَعَثَ لَهُمْ طَالُوتَ.
Translation
✧ From Wahb b. Munabbih who said: When Allah took al-Yasaʿ ﷺ, the affair of the Children of Israel became disordered, and great transgressions, calamities, and sins appeared among them. They killed those prophets whom they killed, and Allah set over them, in place of the prophets, tyrannical kings who wronged them and shed their blood, and Allah also set over them enemies from other than themselves. And when they fought any of the enemies, the Ark of the Covenant, which was in the Tabernacle of Time, as previously mentioned, was with them, and they were granted victory by its blessing and by what Allah placed in it of the Shekhinah and the remnant of what the family of Mūsā and the family of Hārūn had left. No enemy would meet them when they brought forward the Ark and advanced with it among them except that Allah routed that enemy. The Shekhinah was like the head of a cat; when it cried out in the Ark with the cry of a cat, they were certain of victory and conquest came to them. Then a king called Īlāf succeeded among them. When an enemy descended upon them, they would go out to him and bring out the Ark. An enemy descended upon them and took the Ark from their hands. Their king Īlāf was informed of the taking of the Ark, and he died of grief. Their enemy trampled them until some of their sons and women were struck. They remained in confusion of their affair and disorder of their conditions, persisting in their error and misguidance. Those who would take vengeance upon them were set over them, then they would return to repentance and Allah would restrain from them the evil of those who sought them, until Allah Almighty sent Ashmūʾīl. In his time Ṭālūt was sent as king, and he recovered the Ark. Their affair from the period of the death of Yūshaʿ was at times to what we have mentioned of the prophets, at times to the judges, at times to the rulers, and at times to an enemy who subdued them, until kingship and prophethood returned to them through Ashmūʾīl. That period was four hundred and sixty years. The first to rule them in this period was a man from the descendants of Lūṭ called Kūsān, who subdued and humiliated them for eight years. Then a brother of Kālib the Younger called ʿAthānīl b. Yūfannā took it from his hand and managed their affair for forty years. Then Allah set over them a king called Jaʿlūn, also called Aʿlūn, and he ruled them for eighteen years. Then after him Aylūn of the descendants of Ifrāʾīm ruled for fifty-five years. He said: When thirty-five years of his rule over them were completed, four thousand years of the world were completed. Then a man from the tribe of Binyāmīn called Ahwaz b. Ḥannū the Paralyzed ruled them and managed their affair for eighty years. Then a king from the Canaanites called Yāfīn was set over them and ruled them for twenty years. Then a woman prophetess from among their prophets called Daywār rescued them, and a man called Bārāq managed their affair on her behalf for forty years. Then a people from the descendants of Lūṭ were set over them and ruled them for seven years. Then a man from the descendants of Nafthālī b. Yaʿqūb called Jadʿūn b. Barānisa rescued them from them and managed their affair for forty years. Then after him his son Abīmalk—and it is said that he was his cousin—managed their affair for twenty-three years. Then after him a man from the Children of Israel called Bābīn managed them for twenty-two years. Then after him the children of ʿAmūn, who are a people from the people of Filasṭīn, ruled them for eighteen years. Then a man from among them called Yaftaḥ managed their affair for six years. Then after him Alūn managed them for ten years. Then Yaḥnūn, a man from the Children of Israel, managed their affair. Then after him Layzūn, whom some call ʿAkrūn, managed them for eight years. Then the people of Filasṭīn subdued them and ruled them for forty years. Then Shamshūn governed them for twenty years. Then they remained without a chief or manager for ten years. Then after that ʿĀlī the priest managed their affair. In his days the people of Ghazzah and ʿAsqalān seized the Ark. Then after forty years had passed from the time of his managing their affair, Shamwīl was sent as a prophet and managed their affair for ten years. Then, when their enemies humiliated them through their disobedience to their Lord, they asked him to send for them a king who would fight with them in the way of Allah, and he sent Ṭālūt for them.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.