Tarikh (al-Tabari) 25
Creation of the heavens and the earth
ذِكْرِ جَهَنَّمَ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ: النَّارُ فِي الْأَرْضِ. وَمَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ النَّارَ فِي الْأَرْضِ مَا أَخْبَرَنَاهُ هِبَةُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، بسنده عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: كُنَّا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمًا فَسَمِعْنَا وَجْبَةً، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: "أَتَدْرُونَ مَا هَذَا؟"، قُلْنَا: اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ، قَالَ: "هَذَا حَجَرٌ أُرْسِلَ فِي جَهَنَّمَ مُنْذُ سَبْعِينَ خَرِيفًا، فَالْآنَ انْتَهَى إِلَى قَعْرِهَا". انْفَرَدَ بِإِخْرَاجِهِ مُسْلِمٌ. فَإِنْ [قِيلَ]: كَيْفَ تَكُونُ جَهَنَّمُ فِي الْأَرْضِ ، وَقَدْ رَآهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَيْلَةَ الْمِعْرَاجِ؟ فَجَوَابُهُ مِنْ وَجْهَيْنِ، أَحَدُهُمَا: أَنَّهُ رَآهَا فِي الْأَرْضِ فِي طَرِيقِهِ إِلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ. وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ أَنَّهُ رُئِيَ عَلَى سُورِ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ الشَّرْقِيِّ يَبْكِي، فَقِيلَ لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ: هَاهُنَا أَخْبَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ رَأَى جَهَنَّمَ. وَالثَّانِي: أَنَّهُ لَا يَمْتَنِعُ فِي الْقُدْرَةِ أَنْ يَرَى جَهَنَّمَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَهُوَ فِي السَّمَاءِ وَقَدْ بَكَى لَهُ بَيْتُ الْمَقْدِسِ وَهُوَ بِمَكَّةَ فَوَصَفَهُ لِلْقَوْمِ. فَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، قَالَ: " أُوقِدَ عَلَى النَّارِ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ حَتَّى احْمَرَّتْ، ثُمَّ أُوقِدَ عَلَيْهَا أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ حَتَّى اسْوَدَّتْ فَهِيَ سَوْدَاءُ مُظْلِمَةٌ" . وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "لَوْ أَنَّ قَطْرَةً مِنَ الزَّقُّومِ قَطَرَتْ فِي الْأَرْضِ لَأَمَرَّتْ عَلَى أَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا مَعِيشَتَهُمْ فَكَيْفَ بِمَنْ هُوَ طَعَامُهُ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ طَعَامٌ غَيْرُهُ". وعن ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: لَهَا سَبْعَةُ أَبْوَابٍ أَوَّلُهَا جَهَنَّمُ، ثُمَّ لَظًى، ثُمَّ الْحُطَمَةُ، ثُمَّ السَّعِيرُ، ثُمَّ السَّقَرُ، ثُمَّ الْجَحِيمُ، وَفِيهَا أَبُو جَهْلٍ، ثُمَّ الْهَاوِيَةُ . وعن ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: أَتَدْرِي مَا سِعَةُ جَهَنَّمَ ؟ قُلْتُ: لَا، قَالَ: إِنَّ بَيْنَ شَحْمَةِ أُذُنِ أَحَدِهِمْ وَبَيْنَ عَاتِقِهِ مَسِيرَةَ سَبْعِينَ خَرِيفًا يَجْرِي فِيهَا أَوْدِيَةُ الْقَيْحِ وَالدَّمِ، قُلْتُ لَهُ: أَنْهَارٌ، قَالَ: لَا بَلْ أَوْدِيَةٌ. قَالَ كَعْبٌ: الْفَلَقُ بَيْتٌ فِي النَّارِ إِذَا فُتِحَ صَاحَ مِنْهُ جَمِيعُ أَهْلِ النَّارِ. وَقَالَ أَبُو الْمُثَنَّى الْأَمْلُوكِيُّ: إِنَّ فِي النَّارِ أَقْوَامًا يُرْبُطُونَ بِنَوَاعِيرَ مِنْ نَارٍ يَدُورُ بِهِمْ مَلَكَ النَّوَاعِيرِ، مَا لَهُمْ فِيهَا رَاحَةٌ وَلَا فَتْرَةٌ.
Translation
✧ Mention of Jahannam ʿAbd Allāh b. Salām said: The Fire is in the earth. What indicates that the Fire is in the earth is what Hibat Allāh b. Muḥammad informed us, with his chain of transmission, from Abū Hurayrah, who said: We were with the Messenger of God ﷺ one day when we heard a crash, and the Prophet ﷺ said, "Do you know what this is?" We said, "God and His Messenger know best." He said, "This is a stone that was thrown into Jahannam seventy autumns ago, and it has now reached its bottom." Muslim alone transmitted it. If it is said: How can Jahannam be in the earth when the Messenger of God ﷺ saw it on the Night of the Ascension? The answer is in two ways. One is that he saw it on earth on his way to the Sacred House. It has been narrated to us from ʿUbādah b. al-Ṣāmit that he was seen weeping on the eastern wall of the Sacred House, and when he was asked about that, he said: Here the Messenger of God ﷺ informed us that he saw Jahannam. The second is that it is not impossible in divine power for him to see Jahannam in the earth while he was in the heaven, and the Sacred House wept for him while he was in Makkah, and he described it to the people. From Abū Hurayrah, from the Prophet ﷺ, who said: "The Fire was kindled for a thousand years until it turned red, then it was kindled for a thousand years until it turned black, so it is black and dark." From Ibn ʿAbbās, the Messenger of God ﷺ said: "If a drop of Zaqqūm were to drip into the earth, it would embitter the livelihood of the people of this world. So how about the one whose food it is and who has no food other than it?" From Ibn Jurayj regarding His saying, Exalted is He: 'It has seven gates.' The first of them is Jahannam, then Laẓā, then al-Ḥuṭamah, then al-Saʿīr, then Saqar, then al-Jaḥīm, and in it is Abū Jahl, then al-Hāwiyah. From Ibn ʿAbbās: Do you know the expanse of Jahannam? I said: No. He said: Between the lobe of one of their ears and his shoulder is a journey of seventy autumns, through which run valleys of pus and blood. I said to him: Rivers? He said: No, rather valleys. Kaʿb said: Al-Falaq is a house in the Fire; when it is opened, all the people of the Fire cry out from it. Abū al-Muthannā al-Amlūkī said: In the Fire there are people who are bound to waterwheels of fire; the angel of the waterwheels turns them around. They have no rest or respite in it.
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