Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2448
The Year 101
وَفَاةِ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَزَلِ الْمَرَضُ يَتَزَايَدُ بِعُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ حَتَّى مَاتَ وَهُوَ بِخُنَاصِرَةَ مِنْ دَيْرِ سَمْعَانَ بَيْنَ حَمَاةَ وَحَلَبَ وقيل في سَبَبِ وَفَاتِهِ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ كَانَ سَبَبُهَا السُّلَّ، وَقِيلَ: سَبَبُهَا أَنَّ مَوْلًى لَهُ سَمَّهُ فِي طَعَامٍ أَوْ شَرَابٍ، وَأُعْطِيَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ. فَحَصَلَ لَهُ بِسَبَبِ ذَلِكَ مَرَضٌ، فَأُخْبِرَ أَنَّهُ مَسْمُومٌ، فَقَالَ: لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ يَوْمَ سُقِيتُ السُّمَّ. ثُمَّ اسْتَدْعَى مَوْلَاهُ الَّذِي سَقَاهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: وَيْحَكَ، مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى مَا صَنَعْتَ ؟ فَقَالَ: أَلْفُ دِينَارٍ أُعْطِيتُهَا. فَقَالَ: هَاتِهَا. فَأَحْضَرَهَا فَوَضَعَهَا فِي بَيْتِ الْمَالِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ: اذْهَبْ حَيْثُ لَا يَرَاكَ أَحَدٌ فَتَهْلَكَ. ثُمَّ قِيلَ لِعُمَرَ: تَدَارَكْ نَفْسَكَ. فَقَالَ: وَاللَّهِ لَوْ أَنَّ شِفَائِي أَنْ أَمْسَحَ شَحْمَةَ أُذُنِي، أَوْ أُوتَى بِطِيبٍ فَأَشُمَّهُ مَا فَعَلْتُ. فَقِيلَ لَهُ: هَؤُلَاءِ بَنُوكَ وَكَانُوا اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَلَا تُوصِي لَهُمْ بِشَيْءٍ ; فَإِنَّهُمْ فُقَرَاءُ ؟ فَقَالَ إِنَّ وَلِيِّيَ اللَّهُ الَّذِي نَزَّلَ الْكِتَابَ وَهُوَ يَتَوَلَّى الصَّالِحِينَ [ الْأَعْرَافِ: 196 ] وَاللَّهِ لَا أُعْطِيهِمْ حَقَّ أَحَدٍ، وَهُمْ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ ; إِمَّا صَالِحٌ فَاللَّهُ يَتَوَلَّى الصَّالِحِينَ، وَإِمَّا غَيْرُ صَالِحٍ فَمَا كُنْتُ لِأُعِينَهُ عَلَى فِسْقِهِ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: فَلَا أُبَالِي فِي أَيِّ وَادٍ هَلَكَ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: أَفَأَدَعُ لَهُ مَا يَسْتَعِينُ بِهِ عَلَى مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ، فَأَكُونَ شَرِيكَهُ فِيمَا يَعْمَلُ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ ؟ مَا كُنْتُ لِأَفْعَلَ. ثُمَّ اسْتَدْعَى بِأَوْلَادِهِ فَوَدَّعَهُمْ وَعَزَّاهُمْ بِهَذَا، وَأَوْصَاهُمْ بِهَذَا الْكَلَامِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: انْصَرِفُوا عَصَمَكُمُ اللَّهُ، وَأَحْسَنَ الْخِلَافَةَ عَلَيْكُمْ. قَالَ: فَلَقَدْ رَأَيْنَا بَعْضَ أَوْلَادِ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ يَحْمِلُ عَلَى ثَمَانِينَ فَرَسًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، وَكَانَ بَعْضُ أَوْلَادِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ مَعَ كَثْرَةِ مَا تَرَكَ لَهُمْ مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ يَتَعَاطَى وَيَسْأَلُ مِنْ أَوْلَادِ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ لِأَنَّ عُمَرَ وَكَلَ وَلَدَهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَسُلَيْمَانُ وَغَيْرُهُ إِنَّمَا يَكِلُونَ أَوْلَادَهُمْ إِلَى مَا يَدَعُونَ لَهُمْ مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ الْفَانِيَةِ، فَيَضِيعُونَ وَتَذْهَبُ أَمْوَالُهُمْ فِي شَهَوَاتِ أَوْلَادِهِمْ. وَقَالَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ: بسنده، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، قَالَ: قِيلَ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، لَوْ أَتَيْتَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَإِنْ قَضَى اللَّهُ مَوْتًا دُفِنْتَ فِي الْقَبْرِ الرَّابِعِ مَعَ رَسُولِ صَلَّى الْهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَعُمَرَ. فَقَالَ: وَاللَّهِ لَأَنْ يُعَذِّبَنَا اللَّهُ بِكُلِّ عَذَابٍ، إِلَّا النَّارَ فَإِنَّهُ لَا صَبْرَ لِي عَلَيْهَا أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ يَعْلَمَ اللَّهُ مِنْ قَلْبِي أَنِّي لِذَلِكَ الْمَوْضِعِ أَهْلٌ. قَالُوا: وَكَانَ مَرَضُهُ بِدَيْرِ سَمْعَانَ مِنْ قُرَى حِمْصَ وَكَانَتْ مُدَّةُ مَرَضِهِ عِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا. وَلَمَّا احْتُضِرَ قَالَ: أَجْلِسُونِي. فَأَجْلَسُوهُ، فَقَالَ: إِلَهِي، أَنَا الَّذِي أَمَرْتَنِي فَقَصَّرْتُ، وَنَهَيْتَنِي فَعَصَيْتُ ثَلَاثًا وَلَكِنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ. ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَأَحَدَّ النَّظَرَ، فَقَالُوا: إِنَّكَ لَتَنْظُرُ نَظَرًا شَدِيدًا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ. فَقَالَ: إِنِّي لَأَرَى حَضَرَةً مَا هُمْ بِإِنْسٍ وَلَا جَانٍّ. ثُمَّ قُبِضَ مِنْ سَاعَتِهِ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِأَهْلِهِ: اخْرُجُوا عَنِّي. فَخَرَجُوا وَجَلَسَ عَلَى الْبَابِ مَسْلَمَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَأُخْتُهُ فَاطِمَةُ، فَسَمِعُوهُ يَقُولُ: مَرْحَبًا بِهَذِهِ الْوُجُوهِ الَّتِي لَيْسَتْ بِوُجُوهِ إِنْسٍ وَلَا جَانٍّ، ثُمَّ قَرَأَ تِلْكَ الدَّارُ الْآخِرَةُ نَجْعَلُهَا لِلَّذِينَ لَا يُرِيدُونَ عُلُوًّا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا فَسَادًا وَالْعَاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ [ الْقَصَصِ: 83 ] ثُمَّ هَدَأَ الصَّوْتُ، فَدَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ فَوَجَدُوهُ قَدْ غُمِّضَ، وَسُوِّيَ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ، وَقُبِضَ. وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ بسنده عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ لَمَّا وُضِعَ عِنْدَ قَبْرِهِ هَبَّتْ رِيحٌ شَدِيدَةٌ، فَسَقَطَتْ صَحِيفَةٌ بِأَحْسَنِ كِتَابٍ فَقَرَءُوهَا فَإِذَا فِيهَا: بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ، بَرَاءَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ مِنَ النَّارِ. فَأَدْخَلُوهَا بَيْنَ أَكْفَانِهِ، وَدَفَنُوهَا مَعَهُ. وَرَوَى ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ فِي تَرْجَمَةِ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بِسَنَدِهِ، عَنْ عُمَيْرِ بْنِ الْحُبَابِ السُّلَمِيِّ، قَالَ: أُسِرْتُ أَنَا وَثَمَانِيَةٌ فِي زَمَنِ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ، فَأَمَرَ مَلِكُ الرُّومِ بِضَرْبِ رِقَابِنَا، فَقُتِلَ أَصْحَابِي، وَشَفَعَ فِيَّ بِطْرِيقٌ مِنْ بَطَارِقَةِ الْمَلِكِ، فَأَطْلَقَنِي لَهُ، فَأَخَذَنِي إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ، وَإِذَا لَهُ ابْنَةٌ مِثْلُ الشَّمْسِ، فَعَرَضَهَا عَلَيَّ، وَعَلَى أَنْ يُقَاسِمَنِي نِعْمَتَهُ، وَأَدْخُلَ مَعَهُ فِي دِينِهِ، فَأَبَيْتُ، وَخَلَتْ بِي ابْنَتُهُ فَعَرَضَتْ نَفْسَهَا عَلَيَّ فَامْتَنَعْتُ، فَقَالَتْ: مَا يَمْنَعُكَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ ؟ فَقُلْتُ: يَمْنَعُنِي دِينِي، فَلَا أَتْرُكُ دِينِي لِامْرَأَةٍ وَلَا لِشَيْءٍ. فَقَالَتْ: تُرِيدُ الذَّهَابَ إِلَى بِلَادِكَ ؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ. فَقَالَتْ: سِرْ عَلَى هَذَا النَّجْمِ بِاللَّيْلِ، وَاكْمُنْ بِالنَّهَارِ ; فَإِنَّهُ يُلْقِيكَ إِلَى بِلَادِكَ. قَالَ: فَسِرْتُ كَذَلِكَ. قَالَ: فَبَيْنَا أَنَا فِي الْيَوْمِ الرَّابِعِ مُكْمِنٌ، وَإِذَا بِخَيْلٍ مُقْبِلَةٍ فَخَشِيتُ أَنْ تَكُونَ فِي طَلَبِي ; فَإِذَا أَنَا بِأَصْحَابِي الَّذِينَ قُتِلُوا، وَمَعَهُمْ آخَرُونَ عَلَى دَوَابَّ شُهْبٍ، فَقَالُوا: عُمَيْرٌ ؟ فَقُلْتُ: عُمَيْرٌ، فَقُلْتُ: أَوَلَيْسَ قَدْ قُتِلْتُمْ ؟ قَالُوا: بَلَى، وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ، عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، نَشَرَ الشُّهَدَاءَ، وَأَذِنَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَشْهَدُوا جِنَازَةَ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ قَالَ: ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي بَعْضُهُمْ: نَاوِلْنِي يَدَكَ يَا عُمَيْرُ، فَأَرْدَفَنِي، فَسِرْنَا يَسِيرًا، ثُمَّ قَذَفَ بِي قَذْفَةً وَقَعْتُ قُرْبَ مَنْزِلِي بِالْجَزِيرَةِ، مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَحِقَنِي شَرٌّ. وصية عمر بن عبد العزيز لرجاء بن حيوة بغسله وتكفينه ودفنه وَقَالَ رَجَاءُ بْنُ حَيْوَةَ كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ قَدْ أَوْصَى إِلَيَّ أَنْ أُغَسِّلَهُ وَأُكَفِّنَهُ، وَأَدْفِنَهُ فَإِذَا حَلَلْتُ عُقْدَةَ الْكَفَنِ، أَنْ أَنْظُرَ فِي وَجْهِهِ، قَالَ: فَلَمَّا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ إِذَا وَجْهُهُ كَالْقَرَاطِيسِ بَيَاضًا، وَكَانَ قَدْ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّهُ دَفَنَ ثَلَاثَةً مِنَ الْخُلَفَاءِ فَيَحُلُّ عَنْ وُجُوهِهِمْ فَإِذَا هِيَ مُسْوَدَّةٌ. وَقَدْ رُئِيَتْ لَهُ مَنَامَاتٌ صَالِحَةٌ، وَتَأَسَّفَ عَلَيْهِ الْخَاصَّةُ وَالْعَامَّةُ، لَا سِيَّمَا الْعُلَمَاءُ وَالزُّهَّادُ وَالْعُبَّادُ. رثاء عمر بن عبد العزيز وَرَثَاهُ الشُّعَرَاءُ ; فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا أَنْشَدَهُ أَبُو عَمْرٍو الشَّيْبَانِيُّ لِكُثَيِّرِ عَزَّةَ يَرْثِي عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَمَّتْ صَنَائِعُهُ فَعَمَّ هَلَاكُهُ فَالنَّاسُ فِيهِ كُلُّهُمْ مَأْجُورُ وَالنَّاسُ مَأْتَمُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَاحِدٌ فِي كُلِّ دَارٍ رَنَّةٌ وَزَفِيرُ يُثْنِي عَلَيْكَ لِسَانُ مَنْ لَمْ تُولِهِ خَيْرًا لِأَنَّكَ بِالثَّنَاءِ جَدِيرُ رَدَّتْ صَنَائِعُهُ عَلَيْهِ حَيَاتَهُ فَكَأَنَّهُ مِنْ نَشْرِهَا مَنْشُورُ وقَالَ كُثَيِّرُ عَزَّةَ: أَقُولُ لَمَّا أَتَانِي ثَمَّ مَهْلِكُهُ لَا تَبْعُدَنَّ قِوَامَ الْحَقِّ وَالدِّينِ قَدْ غَادَرُوا فِي ضَرِيحِ اللَّحْدِ مُنْجَدِلًا بِدَيْرِ سَمْعَانَ قِسْطَاسَ الْمَوَازِينِ وَقَالَ جَرِيرٌ يَرْثِي عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى يَنْعَى النُّعَاةُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَنَا يَا خَيْرَ مَنْ حَجَّ بَيْتَ اللَّهِ وَاعْتَمَرَا حَمَلْتَ أَمْرًا عَظِيمًا فَاضْطَلَعْتَ بِهِ وَقُمْتَ فِيهِ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ يَا عُمْرَا الشَّمْسُ كَاسِفَةٌ لَيْسَتْ بِطَالِعَةٍ تَبْكِي عَلَيْكَ نُجُومُ اللَّيْلِ وَالْقَمَرَا وَقَالَ مُحَارِبُ بْنُ دِثَارٍ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ يَرْثِي عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: لَوْ أَعْظَمَ الْمَوْتُ خَلْقًا أَنْ يُوَاقِعَهُ لِعَدْلِهِ لَمْ يُصِبْكَ الْمَوْتُ يَا عُمَرُ كَمْ مِنْ شَرِيعَةِ عَدْلٍ قَدْ نَعَشْتَ لَهُمْ كَادَتْ تَمُوتُ وَأُخْرَى مِنْكَ تُنْتَظَرُ يَا لَهَفَ نَفْسِي وَلَهَفَ الْوَاجِدِينَ مَعِي عَلَى الْعُدُولِ الَّتِي تَغْتَالُهَا الْحَفْرُ ثَلَاثَةٌ مَا رَأَتْ عَيْنِي لَهُمْ شَبَهًا تَضُمُّ أَعْظُمَهُمْ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحُفَرُ وَأَنْتَ تَتْبَعُهُمْ لَمْ تَأْلُ مُجْتَهِدًا سُقْيًا لَهَا سُنَنٌ بِالْحَقِّ تَفْتَقِرُ لَوْ كُنْتُ أَمْلِكُ وَالْأَقْدَارُ غَالِبَةٌ تَأْتِي رَوَاحًا وَتِبْيَانًا وَتَبْتَكِرُ صَرَفْتُ عَنْ عُمَرَ الْخَيْرَاتِ مَصْرَعَهُ بِدَيْرِ سَمْعَانَ لَكِنْ يَغْلِبُ الْقَدْرُ قَالُوا: وَكَانَتْ وَفَاتُهُ يَوْمَ الْخَمِيسِ، وَقِيلَ: الْجُمُعَةِ لِخَمْسٍ مَضَيْنَ. وَقِيلَ: بَقِينَ مِنْ رَجَبٍ. وَقِيلَ: لِعَشْرٍ بَقِينَ مِنْ رَجَبٍ سَنَةَ إِحْدَى - وَقِيلَ: ثِنْتَيْنِ - وَمِائَةٍ. وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَقَالَ الْهَيْثَمُ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ: تُوُفِّيَ فِي جُمَادَى سَنَةَ ثِنْتَيْنِ وَمِائَةٍ. وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ مَسْلَمَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَقِيلَ: صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ يَزِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَقِيلَ: ابْنُهُ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ. وَكَانَ عُمْرُهُ يَوْمَ مَاتَ تِسْعًا وَثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً وَأَشْهُرًا، وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ جَاوَزَ الْأَرْبَعِينَ بِأَشْهُرٍ. وَقِيلَ: بِسَنَةٍ. وَقِيلَ: بِأَكْثَرَ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ عَاشَ ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً. وَقِيلَ: سِتًّا وَثَلَاثِينَ. وَقِيلَ: سَبْعًا وَثَلَاثِينَ. وَقِيلَ: ثَمَانٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً. وَقِيلَ: مَا بَيْنَ الثَّلَاثِينَ إِلَى الْأَرْبَعِينَ وَلَمْ يَبْلُغْهَا. وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ: مَاتَ عُمَرُ عَلَى رَأْسِ خَمْسٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً. قَالَ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ: وَهَذَا وَهْمٌ، وَالصَّحِيحُ الْأَوَّلُ، يَعْنِي تِسْعًا وَثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً وَأَشْهُرًا. وَكَانَتْ خِلَافَتُهُ سَنَتَيْنِ وَخَمْسَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَأَرْبَعَةَ أَيَّامٍ. وَقِيلَ: وَأَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا. وَقِيلَ: سَنَتَانِ وَنِصْفٌ. وَكَانَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - أَسْمَرَ دَقِيقَ الْوَجْهِ حَسَنَهُ، نَحِيفَ الْجِسْمِ حَسَنَ اللِّحْيَةِ، غَائِرَ الْعَيْنَيْنِ، بِجَبْهَتِهِ أَثَرُ شَجَّةٍ، وَكَانَ قَدْ شَابَ وَخَضَّبَ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ، وَاللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَكَانَ حَكَمًا مُقْسِطًا وَإِمَامًا عَادِلًا وَرِعًا دَيِّنًا، لَا تَأْخُذُهُ فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةُ لَائِمٍ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى.
Translation
✧ The death of ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Then the illness continued to worsen for ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz until he died while he was in Khunāṣirah, from Dayr Samʿān between Hama and Aleppo. It is said concerning the cause of his death, may God have mercy on him: Its cause was consumption, and it is said: its cause was that a mawlā of his poisoned him in food or drink, and was given a thousand dinars for that. As a result of that, illness came upon him, and he was told that he had been poisoned, so he said: 'I knew on the day I was given the poison.' Then he summoned his mawlā who had poisoned him and said to him: 'Woe to you, what induced you to do what you did?' He said: 'A thousand dinars which I was given.' He said: 'Bring them.' So he brought them forth and he placed them in the public treasury, then said to him: 'Go where no one will see you and you perish.' Then it was said to ʿUmar: 'Tend to yourself.' He said: 'By God, if my cure were to wipe the lobe of my ear, or to bring perfume and smell it, I would not do it.' It was said to him: 'These are your sons, and they were twelve; will you not bequeath anything to them, for they are poor?' He said: 'Indeed my protector is God, who sent down the Book, and He takes charge of the righteous' [al-Aʿrāf: 196]. 'By God, I will not give them the right of anyone. They are between two men: either righteous, and God takes charge of the righteous, or not righteous, and I would not aid him in his disobedience.' In one narration: 'Then I do not care in which valley he perishes.' In another narration: 'Shall I leave for him something with which he may help himself to disobey God, so that I become his partner in what he does after death? I would not do that.' Then he summoned his sons, bade them farewell, consoled them with this, and enjoined them with these words. Then he said: 'Depart; may God protect you and make excellent the succession upon you.' He said: We have seen one of the sons of ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz equip eighty horses in the path of God, while one of the sons of Sulaymān b. ʿAbd al-Malik, despite the abundance of wealth he left them, was begging and asking from the sons of ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, because ʿUmar entrusted his son to God, mighty and majestic, while Sulaymān and others only entrust their sons to the perishable wealth they leave them, so they go astray and their wealth is spent on their sons' desires. Yaʿqūb b. Sufyān said with his chain, from Ayyūb, who said: It was said to ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz: 'O Commander of the Faithful, if you came to al-Madīnah, and if God decreed death, you would be buried in the fourth grave with the Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace, and Abū Bakr, and ʿUmar.' He said: 'By God, for God to punish us with every punishment except the Fire—for I have no endurance for it—is dearer to me than that God should know from my heart that I consider myself worthy of that place.' They said: His illness was at Dayr Samʿān, one of the villages of Homs, and the duration of his illness was twenty days. When he was at the point of death, he said: 'Sit me up.' So they sat him up, and he said: 'My God, I am the one whom You commanded, and I fell short; You forbade me, and I disobeyed—three times—but there is no god but God.' Then he raised his head and fixed his gaze intently. They said: 'You are looking very intently, O Commander of the Faithful.' He said: 'I see presences that are neither humans nor jinn.' Then he was taken at that very hour. In one narration, he said to his family: 'Leave me.' So they left, and Maslamah b. ʿAbd al-Malik and his sister Fāṭimah sat at the door. They heard him saying: 'Welcome to these faces that are not the faces of humans or jinn.' Then he recited: 'That abode of the Hereafter, We assign it to those who do not desire exaltedness in the earth, nor corruption; and the outcome is for the God-fearing' [al-Qaṣaṣ: 83]. Then the voice fell silent, and they entered upon him and found that his eyes had been closed, he had been turned toward the qiblah, and he had been taken. Abū Bakr b. Abī Shaybah said with his chain from ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Abī Salamah that when ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz was placed near his grave, a strong wind blew, and a page fell with the most beautiful writing. They read it and it contained: 'In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. An acquittal from God for ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz from the Fire.' They placed it among his shrouds and buried it with him. Ibn ʿAsākir narrated in the entry of ʿAbd al-Ṣamad b. Ismāʿīl with his chain, from ʿUmayr b. al-Ḥubāb al-Sulamī, who said: I and eight others were taken captive in the time of the Umayyads. The king of the Byzantines ordered that our necks be struck, so my companions were killed, and a patrician among the king's patricians interceded for me, and he released me to him. He took me to his house, and he had a daughter like the sun. He offered her to me, and that he would share his wealth with me, if I entered his religion with him. I refused. His daughter was alone with me and offered herself to me, and I declined. She said: 'What prevents you from that?' I said: 'My religion prevents me; I will not abandon my religion for a woman or for anything.' She said: 'Do you wish to go to your land?' I said: 'Yes.' She said: 'Travel by this star at night, and hide by day; it will bring you to your land.' He said: So I traveled accordingly. He said: While I was hiding on the fourth day, there came horsemen approaching, and I feared they were seeking me. Then I saw my companions who had been killed, and with them others on ash-gray mounts. They said: 'ʿUmayr?' I said: 'ʿUmayr.' I said: 'Were you not killed?' They said: 'Yes, but God, mighty and majestic, has raised the martyrs and permitted them to attend the funeral of ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz.' He said: Then one of them said to me: 'Give me your hand, O ʿUmayr.' So he took me up behind him, and we traveled a little, then he threw me with a throw, and I landed near my home in al-Jazīrah, without any harm having befallen me. The testament of ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz to Rajāʾ b. Ḥaywah concerning his washing, shrouding, and burial Rajāʾ b. Ḥaywah said: ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz had enjoined me to wash him, shroud him, and bury him, and that when I untied the knot of the shroud, I should look at his face. He said: When I did that, his face was as white as paper. He had told me that he had buried three of the caliphs, and when he untied their faces, they were blackened. Good dreams were seen for him, and the elite and the common people grieved for him, especially the scholars, ascetics, and devotees. The poets mourned him. Among that is what Abū ʿAmr al-Shaybānī recited for Kuthayyir ʿAzzah mourning ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz: His good deeds were widespread, and his death was widespread, so the people, all of them, are rewarded in him. The people's mourning for him is one; in every house is a wailing and a sighing. The tongue of one whom you did not befriend praises you, for you are worthy of praise. His good deeds restored his life to him, so it is as though he is raised from their spreading. And Kuthayyir ʿAzzah said: I say, when his death came to me: may the pillar of truth and religion never be far. They left in the niche of the grave, laid low, at Dayr Samʿān, the balance of the scales. Jarīr said, mourning ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, may God have mercy on him: The mourners announce to us the Commander of the Faithful, O best of those who made pilgrimage to the House of God and performed ʿumrah. You bore a great affair and took it upon yourself, and you rose in it by God's command, O ʿUmar. The sun is eclipsed, not rising; the stars of the night and the moon weep for you. Muḥārib b. Dithār, may God have mercy on him, said, mourning ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, may God have mercy on him: Had death magnified any creature that it should befall him for his justice, death would not have struck you, O ʿUmar. How many a path of justice have you revived for them, which was about to die, and another was awaited from you. Alas for my soul, and alas for those who grieve with me, over the just ones whom the grave overtakes. Three like whom my eye saw none; their bones are gathered in the graves of the mosque. And you follow them, not sparing effort; a watering for them, ways of truth in need. If I possessed it—but fates are dominant— coming and going and rising early, I would turn away from ʿUmar the good deeds' place of falling at Dayr Samʿān, but fate prevails. They said: His death was on Thursday—or it is said Friday—five days having passed, or it is said remaining, of Rajab. Or it is said with ten days remaining of Rajab in the year one hundred and one—or it is said one hundred and two. And God knows best. Al-Haytham b. ʿAdī said: He died in Jumādā of the year one hundred and two. His paternal cousin Maslamah b. ʿAbd al-Malik prayed over him; it is also said that Yazīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik prayed over him; and it is said his son ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz. His age on the day he died was thirty-nine years and some months; it is said he passed forty by some months; it is said by a year; it is said by more; it is said he lived thirty-three years; it is said thirty-six; it is said thirty-seven; it is said thirty-eight years; it is said between thirty and forty and did not reach it. Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-Razzāq said from Maʿmar: ʿUmar died at the beginning of forty-five years. Ibn ʿAsākir said: This is an error; the correct statement is the first, meaning thirty-nine years and some months. His caliphate was two years, five months, and four days; it is said and fourteen days; it is said two and a half years. He was, may God have mercy on him, brown-skinned, fine-featured, handsome, slender of body, with a beautiful beard, deep-set eyes, on his forehead a scar of a wound. He had gray hair and dyed it, may God have mercy on him. And God, glorified be He, knows best. He was an equitable judge and a just, God-fearing, devout imam; in God's cause the blame of a blamer did not affect him, may God have mercy on him.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.