Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2359
Then the Year Eighty-Eight Began
فتح طوانة من بلد الروم ثُمَّ دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ ثَمَانٍ وَثَمَانِينَ فِيهَا غَزَا الصَّائِفَةَ مَسْلَمَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَابْنُ أَخِيهِ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، فَافْتَتَحَا بِمَنْ مَعَهُمَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حِصْنَ طُوَانَةَ فِي جُمَادَى مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَكَانَ حِصْنًا مَنِيعًا اقْتَتَلَ النَّاسُ عِنْدَهُ قِتَالًا عَظِيمًا، ثُمَّ حَمَلَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَى النَّصَارَى، فَهَزَمُوهُمْ حَتَّى أَدْخَلُوهُمُ الْكَنِيسَةَ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَتِ النَّصَارَى فَحَمَلُوا عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَانْهَزَمَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ، وَلَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ فِي مَوْقِفِهِ إِلَّا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، وَمَعَهُ ابْنُ مُحَيْرِيزٍ الْجُمَحِيُّ، فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ لِابْنِ مُحَيْرِيزٍ: أَيْنَ قُرَّاءُ الْقُرْآنِ الَّذِينَ يُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ؟ فَقَالَ: نَادِهِمْ يَأْتُوكَ. فَنَادَى: يَا أَهْلَ الْقُرْآنِ. فَتَرَاجَعَ النَّاسُ، فَحَمَلُوا عَلَى النَّصَارَى فَكَسَرُوهُمْ، وَلَجَأُوا إِلَى الْحِصْنِ، فَحَاصَرُوهُمْ حَتَّى فَتَحُوهُ. عمارة مسجد النبي ﷺ وَذَكَرَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ أَنَّ فِي شَهْرِ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ قَدِمَ كِتَابُ الْوَلِيدِ عَلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، يَأْمُرُهُ بِهَدْمِ الْمَسْجِدِ النَّبَوِيِّ، وَإِضَافَةِ حُجَرِ أَزْوَاجِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِيهِ ، وَأَنْ يُوَسِّعَهُ مِنْ قِبْلَتِهِ وَسَائِرِ نَوَاحِيهِ، حَتَّى يَكُونَ مِائَتَيْ ذِرَاعٍ فِي مِائَتَيْ ذِرَاعٍ، فَمَنْ بَاعَكَ مِلْكَهُ فَاشْتَرِ مِنْهُ، وَإِلَّا فَقَوِّمْهُ لَهُ قِيمَةَ عَدْلٍ، ثُمَّ اهْدِمْ، وَادْفَعْ إِلَيْهِمْ أَثْمَانَ بُيُوتِهِمْ، فَإِنَّ لَكَ فِي ذَلِكَ سَلَفَ صِدْقٍ; عُمَرَ وَعُثْمَانَ. فَجَمَعَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وُجُوهَ النَّاسِ، وَالْفُقَهَاءَ الْعَشَرَةَ أَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ، وَقَرَأَ عَلَيْهِمْ كِتَابَ الْوَلِيدِ، فَشَقَّ عَلَيْهِمْ ذَلِكَ وَقَالُوا: هَذِهِ حُجَرٌ قَصِيرَةُ السُّقُوفِ، وَسُقُوفُهَا مِنْ جَرِيدِ النَّخْلِ، وَحِيطَانُهَا مِنَ اللَّبِنِ، وَعَلَى أَبْوَابِهَا الْمُسُوحُ، وَتَرْكُهَا عَلَى حَالِهَا أَوْلَى; لِيَنْظُرَ إِلَيْهَا الْحُجَّاجُ وَالزُّوَّارُ وَالْمُسَافِرُونَ، وَإِلَى بُيُوتِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَيَنْتَفِعُوا بِذَلِكَ وَيَعْتَبِرُوا بِهِ، وَيَكُونَ ذَلِكَ أَدْعَى لَهُمْ إِلَى الزُّهْدِ فِي الدُّنْيَا، فَلَا يُعَمِّرُونَ فِيهَا إِلَّا بِقَدْرِ الْحَاجَةِ، وَهُوَ مَا يَسْتُرُ وَيُكِنُّ، وَيَعْرِفُونَ أَنَّ هَذَا الْبُنْيَانَ الْعَالِيَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ مِنْ أَفْعَالِ الْفَرَاعِنَةِ وَالْأَكَاسِرَةِ، وَكُلِّ طَوِيلِ الْأَمَلِ رَاغِبٍ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَفِي الْخُلُودِ فِيهَا. فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ كَتَبَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ إِلَى الْوَلِيدِ بِمَا أَجْمَعَ عَلَيْهِ الْفُقَهَاءُ الْعَشَرَةُ الْمُتَقَدِّمُ ذِكْرُهُمْ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ يَأْمُرُهُ بِالْخَرَابِ وَبِنَاءِ الْمَسْجِدِ عَلَى مَا ذَكَرَ، وَأَنْ يُعَلِّيَ سُقُوفَهُ، فَلَمْ يَجِدْ عُمَرُ بُدًّا مِنْ هَدْمِهَا، وَلَمَّا شَرَعُوا فِي الْهَدْمِ صَاحَ الْأَشْرَافُ وَوُجُوهُ النَّاسِ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَغَيْرِهِمْ، وَتَبَاكَوْا مِثْلَ يَوْمِ مَاتَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ، فَأَجَابَ مَنْ لَهُ مِلْكٌ مُتَاخِمٌ لِلْمَسْجِدِ لِلْبَيْعِ فَاشْتَرَى مِنْهُمْ، وَشَرَعَ فِي بِنَائِهِ، وَشَمَّرَ عَنْ إِزَارِهِ، وَاجْتَهَدَ فِي ذَلِكَ، وَجَاءَتْهُ فُعُولٌ كَثِيرَةٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْوَلِيدِ، فَأَدْخَلَ فِيهِ الْحُجْرَةَ النَّبَوِيَّةَ، حُجْرَةَ عَائِشَةَ، فَدَخَلَ الْقَبْرُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ، وَكَانَتْ حَدَّهُ مِنَ الشَّرْقِ، وَسَائِرُ حُجَرِ أُمَّهَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، كَمَا أَمَرَ الْوَلِيدُ. وَرُوِّينَا أَنَّهُمْ لَمَّا حَفَرُوا الْحَائِطَ الشَّرْقِيَّ مِنْ حُجْرَةِ عَائِشَةَ بَدَتْ لَهُمْ قَدَمٌ، فَخَشُوا أَنْ تَكُونَ قَدَمَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ حَتَّى تَحَقَّقُوا أَنَّهَا قَدَمُ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ. وَيُحْكَى أَنَّ سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْمُسَيِّبِ أَنْكَرَ إِدْخَالَ حُجْرَةِ عَائِشَةَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ، كَأَنَّهُ خَشِيَ أَنْ يُتَّخَذَ الْقَبْرُ مَسْجِدًا، وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. ذِكْرُ مَا عَمِلَ الْوَلِيدُ مِنَ الْمَعْرُوفِ وَكَتَبَ الْوَلِيدُ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ أَنْ يَحْفِرَ الْفَوَّارَةَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، وَأَنْ يُجْرِيَ مَاءَهَا، فَفَعَلَ، وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَحْفِرَ الْآبَارَ، وَأَنْ يُسَهِّلَ الطُّرُقَ وَالثَّنَايَا، وَسَاقَ إِلَى الْفَوَّارَةِ الْمَاءَ مِنْ ظَاهِرِ الْمَدِينَةِ، وَالْفَوَّارَةُ بُنِيَتْ فِي ظَاهِرِ الْمَسْجِدِ، عِنْدَ بُقْعَةٍ رَآهَا فَأَعْجَبَتْهُ. غزو قتيبة بن مسلم ملك الترك كورمغانون وَفِيهَا غَزَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ مَلِكَ التُّرْكِ كُورْمَغَانُونَ ابْنَ أُخْتِ مَلِكِ الصِّينِ، وَمَعَهُ مِائَتَا أَلْفِ مُقَاتِلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الصُّغْدِ وَفَرْغَانَةَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ، فَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا وَكَانَ مَعَ قُتَيْبَةَ نَيْزَكُ مَلِكُ التُّرْكِ مَأْسُورًا، فَكَسَرَهُمْ قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، وَغَنِمَ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ شَيْئًا كَثِيرًا، وَقَتَلَ مِنْهُمْ خَلْقًا وَسَبَى وَأَسَرَ. من حج بالناس في هذه السنة وَفِيهَا حَجَّ بِالنَّاسِ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَمَعَهُ جَمَاعَاتٌ مِنْ أَشْرَافِ قُرَيْشٍ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ بِالتَّنْعِيمِ لَقِيَهُ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ، فَأَخْبَرُوهُ عَنْ قِلَّةِ الْمَاءِ بِمَكَّةَ لِقِلَّةِ الْمَطَرِ، فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ: أَلَا نَسْتَمْطِرُ؟ فَدَعَا وَدَعَا النَّاسُ، فَمَا زَالُوا يَدْعُونَ حَتَّى سُقُوا، وَدَخَلُوا مَكَّةَ وَمَعَهُمُ الْمَطَرُ، وَجَاءَ سَيْلٌ عَظِيمٌ حَتَّى خَافَ أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْمَطَرِ، وَمُطِرَتْ عَرَفَةُ وَمُزْدَلِفَةُ وَمِنًى، وَأَخْصَبَتِ الْأَرْضُ هَذِهِ السَّنَةَ خِصْبًا عَظِيمًا بِمَكَّةَ وَمَا حَوْلَهَا، وَذَلِكَ بِبَرَكَةِ دُعَاءِ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَمَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ. وَكَانَ النُّوَّابُ عَلَى الْبُلْدَانِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ هُمُ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا قَبْلَهَا. حبس المجذومين وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ حَبَسَ الْوَلِيدُ الْمُجَذَّمِينَ أَنْ يَخْرُجُوا عَلَى النَّاسِ، وَأَجْرَى عَلَيْهِمْ أَرْزَاقًا. بناء مسجد دمشق وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ بَنَى الْوَلِيدُ مَسْجِدَ دِمَشْقَ فَأَنْفَقَ عَلَيْهِ مَالًا عَظِيمًا. عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُهَاجِرٍ، وَكَانَ عَلَى بَيْتِ مَالِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، أَنَّهُمْ حَسِبُوا مَا أُنْفِقَ عَلَى الْكَرْمَةِ الَّتِي فِي قِبْلَةِ مَسْجِدِ دِمَشْقَ فَكَانَتْ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ. قَالَ أَبُو قُصَيٍّ: وَحَسِبُوا مَا أَنْفَقَ عَلَى مَسْجِدِ دِمَشْقَ، وَكَانَ أَرْبَعُمِائَةِ صُنْدُوقٍ، فِي كُلِّ صُنْدُوقٍ ثَمَانِيَةٌ وَعِشْرُونَ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ. قَالَ أَبُو قُصَيٍّ: وَأَتَاهُ حَرَسَتْهُ فَقَالُوا: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، إِنَّ أَهْلَ دِمَشْقَ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ أَنَّ الْوَلِيدَ أَنْفَقَ الْأَمْوَالَ فِي غَيْرِ حَقِّهَا، فَنَادَى: الصَّلَاةُ جَامِعَةٌ، وَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ فَقَالَ: إِنَّهُ بَلَّغَنِي حَرَسَتِي أَنَّكُمْ تَقُولُونَ إِنَّ الْوَلِيدَ أَنْفَقَ الْأَمْوَالَ فِي غَيْرِ حَقِّهَا، أَلَّا يَا عُمَرَ بْنَ مُهَاجِرٍ قُمْ فَأَحْضِرْ مَا قِبَلَكَ مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ مِنْ بَيْتِ الْمَالِ، قَالَ: فَأَتَتِ الْبِغَالُ تَحْمِلُ الْمَالَ، وَتَصُبُّ فِي الْقِبْلَةِ عَلَى الْأَنْطَاعِ حَتَّى لَمْ يُبْصِرْ مَنْ فِي الشَّامِ مَنْ فِي الْقِبْلَةِ، وَلَا مَنْ فِي الْقِبْلَةِ مَنْ فِي الشَّامِ، وَأَتَتِ الْمَوَازِينُ - يَعْنِي الْقَبَابِينُ فَوُزِنَتِ الْأَمْوَالُ، وَقَالَ لِصَاحِبِ الدِّيوَانِ: أَحْضِرْ مَنْ قِبَلَكَ مِمَّنْ يَأْخُذُ رِزْقَنَا، فَوَجَدُوا ثَلَاثَمِائَةِ أَلْفِ أَلْفٍ فِي جَمِيعِ الْأَمْصَارِ، وَحَسَبُوا مَا يُصِيبُهُمْ فَوُجِدَ عِنْدَهُ رِزْقُ ثَلَاثِ سِنِينَ، فَفَرِحَ النَّاسُ وَكَبَّرُوا وَحَمِدُوا اللَّهَ -عَزَّ وَجَلَّ- وَقَالَ: إِلَى مَا تَذْهَبُ هَذِهِ الثَّلَاثُ سِنِينَ قَدْ أَتَانَا اللَّهُ بِمِثْلِهِ وَمِثْلِهِ، أَلَّا وَأَنِّي إِنَّمَا رَأَيْتُكُمْ يَا أَهْلَ الشَّامِ تَفْخَرُونَ عَلَى النَّاسِ بِأَرْبَعِ خِصَالٍ فَأَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَسْجِدُكُمُ الْخَامِسَ، تَفْخَرُونَ عَلَى النَّاسِ بِمَائِكُمْ، وَهَوَائِكُمْ، وَفَاكِهَتِكُمْ، وَحَمَّامَاتِكُمْ، فَأَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَسْجِدُكُمُ الْخَامِسَ، فَاحْمَدُوا اللَّهَ تَعَالَى فَانْصَرَفُوا وَهُمْ شَاكِرِينَ [دَاعِينَ]. وَقَدْ حَكَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ، أَنَّ الْجَاحِظَ حَكَى عَنْ بَعْضِ السَّلَفِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَحَدٌ أَشَدُّ شَوْقًا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ مِنْ أَهْلِ دِمَشْقَ لِمَا يَرَوْنَ مِنْ حُسْنِ مَسْجِدِهِمْ. قَالَ: وَدَخَلَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ وَمَعَهُ الْمُعْتَصِمُ وَيَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ، فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ: أَيُّ شَيْءٍ يُعْجِبُكُمْ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَسْجِدِ؟ فَقَالَ الْمُعْتَصِمُ: ذَهَبُهُ فَإِنَّا نَصْنَعُهُ فَلَا تَمْضِي عِشْرُونَ سَنَةً حَتَّى يَتَحَوَّلَ، وَهَذَا بِحَالِهِ كَأَنَّ الصَّانِعَ قَدْ فَرَغَ مِنْهُ الْآنَ، فَقَالَ: مَا أَعْجَبَنِي هَذَا، فَقَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ: الَّذِي أَعْجَبَكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ تَأْلِيفُ رُخَامِهِ فَإِنَّ فِيهِ عُقُودًا مَا يُرَى مِثْلُهَا، قَالَ: كَلَّا، بَلْ أَعْجَبَنِي أَنَّهُ شَيْءٌ عَلَى غَيْرِ مِثَالٍ شُوهِدَ. قَالَ: وَأَمَرَ الْوَلِيدُ أَنْ يُسْقَفَ بِالرَّصَاصِ، فَطَلَبَ مِنْ كُلِّ الْبِلَادِ، وَبَقِيَتْ قِطْعَةٌ لَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهَا رَصَاصٌ إِلَّا عِنْدَ امْرَأَةٍ، فَأَبَتْ أَنْ تَبِيعَهُ إِلَّا بِوَزْنِهِ ذَهَبًا، فَقَالَ: اشْتَرَوْهُ مِنْهَا وَلَوْ بِوَزْنِهِ مَرَّتَيْنِ، فَفَعَلُوا وَوَزَنُوا مِثْلَهُ، فَلَمَّا قَبَضَتْهُ قَالَتْ: إِنِّي ظَنَنْتُ مَنْ صَاحِبِكُمْ أَنَّهُ يَظْلِمُ النَّاسَ فِي بِنَائِهِ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ إِنْصَافَهُ رَدَدْتُ الثَّمَنَ. فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ الْوَلِيدَ أَمَرَ أَنْ يُكْتَبَ عَلَى صَفَائِحِ الْمَرْأَةِ لِلَّهِ، وَلَمْ يُدْخِلْهُ فِيمَا عَمِلَهُ، وَفِيمَا كَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اسْمَهُ. قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ: وَقَدْ قِيلَ إِنَّهُ أَنْفَقَ عَلَيْهِ خَرَاجَ الدُّنْيَا ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ، وَأَنَّهُ بَلَغَ ثَمَنَ الْبَقْلِ الَّذِي أَكَلَهُ الصُّنَّاعُ فِيهِ سِتَّةَ آلَافِ دِينَارٍ، وَكَانَ فِيهِ سِتُّمِائَةِ سِلْسِلَةِ ذَهَبٍ، فَلَمْ يَقْدِرْ أَحَدٌ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ فِيهِ لِعِظَمِ شُعَاعِهَا فَدُخِّنَتْ. وَعَمِلَ هَذَا الْجَامِعَ فِي تِسْعِ سِنِينَ. وَقَالَ مُوسَى بْنُ حَمَّادٍ الْبَرْبَرِيُّ: رَأَيْتُ فِي مَسْجِدِ دِمَشْقَ كِتَابًا بِالذَّهَبِ فِي الزُّجَاجِ مَحْفُورًا عَلَيْهِ سُورَةُ "أَلْهَاكُمْ التَّكَاثُرُ" إِلَى آخِرِهَا، وَرَأَيْتُ جَوْهَرَةً حَمْرَاءَ مُلْصَقَةً فِي قَافِ الْمَقَابِرِ، فَسَأَلَتْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، فَقِيلَ لِي: كَانَ لِلْوَلِيدِ ابْنَةٌ وَلَهَا هَذِهِ الْجَوْهَرَةُ، وَكَانَتْ ابْنَةً نَفِيسَةً فَمَاتَتْ، فَأَمَرَتْ أُمُّهَا أَنْ تُدْفَنَ هَذِهِ الْجَوْهَرَةُ مَعَهَا فِي قَبْرِهَا، فَأَمَرَ الْوَلِيدُ بِهَا فَصُيِّرَتْ فِي قَافِ الْمَقَابِرِ مَنْ أَلْهَاكُمْ التَّكَاثُرُ، ثُمَّ حَلَفَ لِأُمِّهَا أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَوْدَعَهَا فِي الْمَقَابِرِ فَسَكَتَتْ.
Translation
✧ The Conquest of Tyana in the Land of the Romans Then the year eighty-eight began. In it Maslamah b. ʿAbd al-Malik and his nephew al-ʿAbbās b. al-Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik raided the summer expedition, and together with the Muslims who were with them, they conquered the fortress of Tyana in Jumādā of this year. It was an impregnable fortress at which the people fought a great battle. Then the Muslims charged the Christians and routed them until they drove them into the church. Then the Christians came out and charged the Muslims, and the Muslims were defeated, and none of them remained in his position except al-ʿAbbās b. al-Walīd, and with him Ibn Muḥayrīz al-Jumaḥī. Al-ʿAbbās said to Ibn Muḥayrīz: "Where are the reciters of the Qurʾān who seek the face of God, mighty and glorious?" He said: "Call them, and they will come to you." So he called out: "O people of the Qurʾān!" The people returned, and they charged the Christians and broke them, and they took refuge in the fortress. They besieged them until they conquered it. The Construction of the Prophet's Mosque ﷺ Ibn Jarīr mentioned that in the month of Rabīʿ al-Awwal of this year the letter of al-Walīd came to ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz in Madinah, commanding him to demolish the Prophet's Mosque, to incorporate the rooms of the wives of the Messenger of God ﷺ into it, and to expand it from its qiblah and all its sides, so that it would be two hundred cubits by two hundred cubits. Whoever sells you his property, buy it from him; otherwise, assess it for him at a fair value, then demolish and pay them the prices of their houses, for in that you have a righteous precedent in ʿUmar and ʿUthmān. So ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz gathered the notable people and the ten jurists of the people of Madinah, and he read to them the letter of al-Walīd. That distressed them, and they said: "These are rooms with low ceilings, their roofs are of palm branches, their walls are of mud brick, and on their doors are haircloths. Leaving them as they are is better, so that pilgrims, visitors, and travelers may look at them and at the houses of the Prophet ﷺ and benefit from that and take admonition from it, and that would be more conducive for them to renunciation of this world, so that they do not build in it except as needed, which is what covers and shelters, and they will know that this lofty building is only among the deeds of the Pharaohs and the Khosroes and every one of far-reaching hopes who desires this world and immortality in it." At that point ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz wrote to al-Walīd with what the ten jurists whose mention has preceded had agreed upon. Then al-Walīd sent to him commanding the demolition and the building of the mosque as he had mentioned, and that he should raise its roofs. ʿUmar found no alternative to demolishing them. When they began the demolition, the nobles and the notable people of Banū Hāshim and others cried out and wept like the day the Prophet ﷺ died. Those who owned property adjacent to the mosque responded to the sale, and he bought from them, and he set about its construction. He tucked up his garment and exerted himself in that. Many workers came to him from al-Walīd's direction. He incorporated into it the Prophetic chamber, the chamber of ʿĀʾishah, so the grave entered the mosque, and its boundary was on the east, and the rest of the chambers of the Mothers of the Believers, as al-Walīd had commanded. It was related to us that when they dug the eastern wall of ʿĀʾishah's chamber, a foot appeared to them, and they feared it might be the foot of the Prophet ﷺ until they ascertained that it was the foot of ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb ؓ. It is related that Saʿīd b. al-Musayyib objected to incorporating ʿĀʾishah's chamber into the mosque, as if he feared the grave would be taken as a mosque, and God knows best. An Account of the Good Deeds al-Walīd Did Al-Walīd wrote to ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz to dig the fountain in Madinah and to make its water flow, and he did so. He commanded him to dig wells and to make the roads and mountain passes easy. He brought water to the fountain from outside Madinah, and the fountain was built outside the mosque, at a spot he saw and admired. The Expedition of Qutaybah b. Muslim against the King of the Turks, Kūrmaghānūn In it Qutaybah b. Muslim raided the king of the Turks, Kūrmaghānūn, the nephew of the king of China, and with him were two hundred thousand fighters from the people of Sogdia, Farghānah, and others. They fought a fierce battle, and with Qutaybah was Nīzak, the king of the Turks, in captivity. Qutaybah b. Muslim defeated them, seized a great amount of their wealth, killed many of them, and took captives and prisoners. Who Led the Pilgrimage That Year In it ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz led the people in the pilgrimage, and with him were groups of the nobles of Quraysh. When he was at al-Tanʿīm, a party of the people of Makkah met him and told him of the scarcity of water in Makkah due to little rain. He said to his companions: "Shall we pray for rain?" He prayed and the people prayed, and they kept praying until they were given rain. They entered Makkah with the rain accompanying them, and a great flood came until the people of Makkah feared the severity of the rain. ʿArafah, Muzdalifah, and Minā were rained upon, and the land flourished greatly that year in Makkah and its surroundings, and that was by the blessing of the supplication of ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz and the righteous people with him. The governors of the regions that year were the same as those before it. The Confinement of the Lepers In this year al-Walīd confined the lepers, preventing them from going out among the people, and he assigned stipends to them. The Construction of the Mosque of Damascus In this year al-Walīd built the mosque of Damascus and spent a great amount of money on it. From ʿAmr b. Muhājir, who was in charge of the treasury of al-Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik: They calculated what was spent on the vine trellis that is in the qiblah of the mosque of Damascus, and it was seventy thousand dinars. Abū Quṣayy said: They calculated what was spent on the mosque of Damascus, and it was four hundred chests, in each chest twenty-eight thousand dinars. Abū Quṣayy said: His guards came to him and said: "O Commander of the Faithful, the people of Damascus are saying that al-Walīd has spent the wealth in ways it should not be spent." So he called out: "The prayer is to be gathered." He addressed the people and said: "My guards have informed me that you say that al-Walīd has spent the wealth in ways it should not be spent. Now, O ʿUmar b. Muhājir, rise and bring what you have of the wealth from the treasury." He said: The mules came carrying the wealth and poured it in the qiblah on leather mats until those in the main part of the mosque could not see those in the qiblah, nor could those in the qiblah see those in the main part. The scales—meaning the steelyards—were brought, and the wealth was weighed. He said to the keeper of the dīwān: "Bring from your records those who receive our stipends." They found three hundred thousand thousand (i.e., three hundred million) in all the garrison cities, and they calculated what was due to them, and it was found that he had stipends for three years. The people rejoiced, said Allāhu akbar, and praised God, mighty and glorious. He said: "Where will these three years go? God has brought us the like of it and the like of it again. Indeed, I have seen you, O people of Syria, boasting over the people with four qualities, and I wished your mosque to be the fifth. You boast over the people with your water, your air, your fruit, and your baths, so I wished your mosque to be the fifth. Praise God, exalted is He." They departed, giving thanks and praying. Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Malik al-Hamdānī related that al-Jāḥiẓ related from some of the early authorities that he said: "No one can be more longing for Paradise than the people of Damascus because of what they see of the beauty of their mosque." He said: Al-Maʾmūn entered it, and with him were al-Muʿtaṣim and Yaḥyā b. Aktham. Al-Maʾmūn said: "What pleases you about this mosque?" Al-Muʿtaṣim said: "Its gold, for we make it, and twenty years do not pass before it changes, while this remains as if the craftsman had just finished it." He said: "This did not please me." Yaḥyā b. Aktham said: "What pleased you, O Commander of the Faithful, is the composition of its marble, for in it are settings the like of which are not seen." He said: "Not at all. Rather, what pleased me is that it is something without a comparable example that has been seen." He said: Al-Walīd commanded that it be roofed with lead, and it was sought from all the lands. A piece remained for which lead was found only with a woman, and she refused to sell it except for its weight in gold. He said: "Buy it from her even for twice its weight." They did so and weighed the like of it. When she received it, she said: "I thought that your ruler was oppressing the people in his building, but when I saw his fairness, I returned the price." When that reached al-Walīd, he commanded that it be written on the woman's plates: "For God," and he did not include it in what he had made, nor in what he had written his name on. Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Malik said: It has been said that he spent on it the land tax of the world three times, and that the price of the vegetables the workers ate in it reached six thousand dinars. In it were six hundred chains of gold, and no one could pray in it because of the intensity of their radiance, so they were smoked. He made this congregational mosque in nine years. Mūsā b. Ḥammād al-Barbarī said: I saw in the mosque of Damascus an inscription in gold on glass, engraved on it was the sūrah "Alhākum al-takāthur" to its end. I saw a red gem affixed to the qāf of al-maqābir, and I asked about that. I was told: Al-Walīd had a daughter who owned this gem, and she was a precious daughter, and she died. Her mother commanded that this gem be buried with her in her grave. Al-Walīd commanded that it be placed in the qāf of al-maqābir of "Alhākum al-takāthur," then he swore to her mother that he had deposited it in the graves, and she fell silent.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.