Dalil
العربية

Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2338

Then the Year Eighty-One Began

ثُمَّ دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ إِحْدَى وَثَمَانِينَ فَتَحَ عَبِيدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ مَدِينَةَ قَالِيقَلَا فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ سَيَّرَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ مَرْوَانَ ابْنَهُ عُبَيْدَ اللَّهِ فَفَتَحَ قَالِيقَلَا. ذِكْرُ مَقْتَلِ بَحِيرِ بْنِ وَرْقَاءَ   وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ قُتِلَ بَحِيرُ بْنُ وَرْقَاءَ الصُّرَيْمِيُّ. وَكَانَ سَبَبُ قَتْلِهِ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا قُتِلَ بُكَيْرُ بْنُ وَسَّاجٍ، وَكِلَاهُمَا تَمِيمِيَّانِ، بِأَمْرِ أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ إِيَّاهُ بِذَلِكَ، كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُهُ، قَالَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ رَجَاءَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ أَحَدُ بَنِي عَوْفِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ مِنَ الْأَبْنَاءِ يُحَرِّضُ بَعْضَ آلِ بُكَيْرٍ مِنَ الْأَبْنَاءِ، وَالْأَبْنَاءُ عِدَّةُ بُطُونٍ مِنْ تَمِيمٍ سُمُّوا بِذَلِكَ: لَعَمْرِي لَقَدْ أَغْضَيْتَ عَيْنًا عَلَى الْقَذَى وَبِتَّ بَطِينًا مِنْ رَحِيقٍ مُرَوَّقِ     وَخَلَّيْتَ ثَأْرًا طُلَّ وَاخْتَرْتَ نَوْمَةً وَمَنْ يَشْرَبِ الصَّهْبَاءَ بِالْوِتْرِ يُسْبَقِ     فَلَوْ كُنْتَ مِنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ذُؤَابَةً تَرَكْتَ بَحِيرًا فِي دَمٍ مُتَرَقْرِقِ     فَقُلْ لِبَحِيرٍ نَمْ وَلَا تَخْشَ ثَائِرًا بِبَكْرٍ فَعَوْفٌ أَهْلُ شَاءٍ حَبَلَّقِ     دَعِ الضَّأْنَ يَوْمًا قَدْ سُبِقْتُمْ بِوِتْرِكُمْ وَصِرْتُمْ حَدِيثًا بَيْنَ غَرْبٍ وَمَشْرِقِ     وَهُبُّوا فَلَوْ أَمْسَى بُكَيْرٌ كَعَهْدِهِ لَغَادَاهُمُ زَحْفًا بِجَأْوَاءَ فَيْلَقِ وَقَالَ أَيْضًا: فَلَوْ كَانَ بَكْرٌ بَارِزًا فِي أَدَاتِهِ     وَذِي الْعَرْشِ لَمْ يُقْدِمْ عَلَيْهِ بَحِيرُ فَفِي الدَّهْرِ إِنْ أَبْقَانِيَ الدَّهْرُ مَطْلَبٌ     وَفِي اللَّهِ طَلَّابٌ بِذَاكَ جَدِيرُ فَبَلَغَ بَحِيرًا أَنَّ رَهْطَ بُكَيْرٍ مِنَ الْأَبْنَاءِ يَتَوَعَّدُونَهُ فَقَالَ: تَوَعَّدَنِي الْأَبْنَاءُ جَهْلًا كَأَنَّمَا يَرَوْنَ فِنَائِي مُقْفِرًا مِنْ بَنِي كَعْبِ رَفَعْتُ لَهُ كَفِّي بِعَضْبٍ مُهَنَّدٍ حُسَامٍ كَلَوْنِ الثَّلْجِ ذِي رَوْنَقٍ عَضْبِ فَتَعَاقَدَ سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي عَوْفٍ عَلَى الطَّلَبِ بِدَمِ بُكَيْرٍ، فَخَرَجَ فَتًى مِنْهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهُ شَمَرْدَلٌ مِنَ الْبَادِيَةِ حَتَّى قَدِمَ خُرَاسَانَ فَرَأَى بَحِيرًا وَاقِفًا فَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ، فَطَعَنَهُ فَصَرَعَهُ، وَظَنَّ أَنَّهُ قَدْ قَتَلَهُ، فَقَالَ النَّاسُ: خَارِجِيٌّ، وَرَاكَضَهُمْ، فَعَثَرَ بِهِ فَرَسُهُ، فَسَقَطَ عَنْهُ فَقُتِلَ. وَخَرَجَ صَعْصَعَةُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ الْعَوْفِيُّ مِنَ الْبَادِيَةِ، وَقَدْ بَاعَ غُنَيْمَاتٍ لَهُ وَمَضَى إِلَى سِجِسْتَانَ، فَجَاوَرَ قَرَابَةً لِبَحِيرٍ مُدَّةً، وَادَّعَى إِلَى بَنِي حَنِيفَةَ مِنَ الْيَمَامَةِ، وَأَطَالَ مُجَالَسَتَهُمْ حَتَّى أَنِسُوا بِهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ: إِنَّ لِي بِخُرَاسَانَ مِيرَاثًا، فَاكْتُبُوا لِي إِلَى بَحِيرٍ كِتَابًا لِيُعِينَنِي عَلَى حَقِّي. فَكَتَبُوا لَهُ، وَسَارَ فَقَدِمَ عَلَى بَحِيرٍ وَهُوَ مَعَ الْمُهَلَّبِ فِي غَزْوَتِهِ، فَلَقِيَ قَوْمًا مِنْ بَنِي عَوْفٍ، فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ أَمْرَهُ، وَلَقِيَ بَحِيرًا فَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ مِنْ بَنِي حَنِيفَةَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ ابْنِ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ، وَأَنَّ لَهُ مَالًا بِسِجِسْتَانَ وَمِيرَاثًا بِمَرْوَ، وَقَدِمَ لِيَبِيعَهُ وَيَعُودَ إِلَى الْيَمَامَةِ. فَأَنْزَلَهُ بَحِيرٌ وَأَمَرَ لَهُ بِنَفَقَةٍ وَوَعَدَهُ، فَقَالَ صَعْصَعَةُ: أُقِيمُ عِنْدَكَ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ النَّاسُ. فَأَقَامَ شَهْرًا يَحْضَرُ مَعَهُ بَابَ الْمُهَلَّبِ، وَكَانَ بَحِيرٌ قَدْ حَذِرَ، فَلَمَّا أَتَاهُ صَعْصَعَةُ بِكِتَابِ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ مِنْ حَنِيفَةَ، آمَنَهُ. فَجَاءَ يَوْمًا صَعْصَعَةُ وَبَحِيرٌ عِنْدَ الْمُهَلَّبِ عَلَيْهِ قَمِيصٌ وَرِدَاءٌ، فَقَعَدَ خَلْفَهُ، وَدَنَا مِنْهُ كَأَنَّهُ يُكَلِّمُهُ، فَوَجَأَهُ بِخِنْجَرٍ مَعَهُ فِي خَاصِرَتِهِ، فَغَيَّبَهُ فِي جَوْفِهِ، وَنَادَى: يَا لِثَارَاتِ بُكَيْرٍ ! فَأُخِذَ وَأُتِيَ بِهِ الْمُهَلَّبَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: بُؤْسًا لَكَ ! مَا أَدْرَكْتَ بِثَأْرِكَ وَقَتَلْتَ نَفْسَكَ، وَمَا عَلَى بَحِيرٍ بَأْسٌ. فَقَالَ: لَقَدْ طَعَنْتُهُ طَعْنَةً لَوْ قُسِّمَتْ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ لَمَاتُوا، وَلَقَدْ وَجَدْتُ رِيحَ بَطْنِهِ فِي يَدِي. فَحَبَسَهُ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ قَوْمٌ مِنَ الْأَبْنَاءِ فَقَبَّلُوا رَأْسَهُ. وَمَاتَ بَحِيرٌ مِنَ الْغَدِ، فَقَالَ صَعْصَعَةُ لَمَّا مَاتَ بَحِيرٌ: اصْنَعُوا الْآنَ مَا شِئْتُمْ، أَلَيْسَ قَدْ حَلَّتْ نُذُورُ أَبْنَاءِ بَنِي عَوْفٍ وَأَدْرَكْتُ بِثَأْرِي ؟ وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ أَمْكَنَنِي مِنْهُ خَالِيًا غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ فَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ أَقْتُلَهُ سِرًّا. فَقَالَ الْمُهَلَّبُ: مَا رَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا أَسْخَى نَفْسًا بِالْمَوْتِ مِنْ هَذَا. وَأَمَرَ بِقَتْلِهِ فَقُتِلَ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّ الْمُهَلَّبَ بَعَثَهُ إِلَى بَحِيرٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمُوتَ، فَقَتَلَهُ، وَمَاتَ بَحِيرٌ بَعْدَهُ. وَعَظُمَ مَوْتُهُ عَلَى الْمُهَلَّبِ، وَغَضِبَتْ عَوْفٌ وَالْأَبْنَاءُ وَقَالُوا: عَلَامَ قُتِلَ صَاحِبُنَا، وَإِنَّمَا أَخَذَ بِثَأْرِهِ ؟ فَنَازَعَهُمْ مُقَاعِسُ وَالْبُطُونُ، وَكُلُّهُمْ بُطُونٌ مِنْ تَمِيمٍ، حَتَّى خَافَ النَّاسُ أَنْ يَعْظُمَ الْأَمْرُ، فَقَالَ أَهْلُ الْحِجَى: احْمِلُوا دَمَ صَعْصَعَةَ، وَاجْعَلُوا دَمَ بَحِيرٍ بِبُكَيْرٍ، فَوَدَوْا صَعْصَعَةَ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَبْنَاءِ يَمْدَحُ صَعْصَعَةَ: لِلَّهِ دَرُّ فَتًى تَجَاوَزَ هَمُّهُ     دُونَ الْعِرَاقِ مَفَاوِزًا وَبُحُورَا مَا زَالَ يُدْئِبُ نَفْسَهُ وَرِكَابَهُ     حَتَّى تَنَاوَلَ فِي الْحُرُوبِ بَحِيرَا دُخُولِ الدَّيْلَمِ قَزْوِينَ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْهُمْ   كَانَتْ قَزْوِينُ ثَغْرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ دَيْلَمَ، فَكَانَتِ الْعَسَاكِرُ لَا تَبْرَحُ مُرَابِطَةً بِهَا، يَتَحَارَسُونَ لَيْلًا وَنَهَارًا، فَلَمَّا كَانَ هَذِهِ السَّنَةُ كَانَ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ رَابِطٍ بِهَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي سَبْرَةَ الْجُعْفِيُّ، وَكَانَ فَارِسًا شُجَاعًا عَظِيمَ الْغَنَاءِ فِي حُرُوبِهِ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ قَزْوِينَ رَأَى النَّاسَ يَتَحَارَسُونَ فَلَا يَنَامُونَ اللَّيْلَ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: أَتَخَافُونَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْعَدُوُّ مَدِينَتَكُمْ ؟ قَالُوا: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: لَقَدْ أَنْصَفُوكُمْ إِنْ فَعَلُوا، افْتَحُوا الْأَبْوَابَ وَلَا بَأْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ. فَفَتَحُوهَا. وَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ الدَّيْلَمَ فَسَارُوا إِلَيْهِمْ وَبَيَّتُوهُمْ وَهَجَمُوا إِلَى الْبَلَدِ، وَتَصَايَحَ النَّاسُ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي سَبْرَةَ: أَغْلِقُوا أَبْوَابَ الْمَدِينَةِ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَيْهِمْ، فَقَدْ أَنْصَفُونَا وَقَاتِلُوهُمْ. فَأَغْلَقُوا الْأَبْوَابَ وَقَاتَلُوهُمْ، وَأَبْلَى ابْنُ أَبِي سَبْرَةَ بَلَاءً عَظِيمًا، وَظَفِرَ بِهِمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ، فَلَمْ يَفْلِتْ مِنَ الدَّيْلَمِ أَحَدٌ، وَاشْتَهَرَ اسْمُهُ بِذَلِكَ، وَلَمْ يَعُدِ الدَّيْلَمُ بَعْدَهَا يُقْدِمُونَ عَلَى مُفَارَقَةِ أَرْضِهِمْ. فَصَارَ مُحَمَّدٌ فَارِسَ ذَلِكَ الثَّغْرِ الْمُشَارِ إِلَيْهِ، وَكَانَ يُدْمِنُ شُرْبَ الْخَمْرِ، وَبَقِيَ كَذَلِكَ إِلَى أَيَّامِ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، فَأَمَرَ بِتَسْيِيرِهِ إِلَى زُرَارَةَ، وَهِيَ دَارُ الْفُسَّاقِ بِالْكُوفَةِ، فَسُيِّرَ إِلَيْهَا، فَأَغَارَتِ الدَّيْلَمُ وَنَالَتْ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَظَهَرَ الْخَلَلُ بَعْدَهُ، فَكَتَبُوا إِلَى عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَمِيرِ الْكُوفَةِ يَسْأَلُونَهُ أَنْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِمُ ابْنَ أَبِي سَبْرَةَ، فَكَتَبَ بِذَلِكَ إِلَى عُمَرَ، فَأَذِنَ لَهُ فِي عَوْدِهِ إِلَى الثَّغْرِ، فَعَادَ إِلَيْهِ وَحَمَاهُ. وَلِمُحَمَّدٍ أَخٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ خُثَيْمَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، وَهُوَ اسْمُ أَبِي سَبْرَةَ، وَكَانَ مِنَ الْفُقَهَاءِ. ذِكْرُ عِدَّةِ حَوَادِثَ وَحَجَّ بِالنَّاسِ هَذِهِ السَّنَةَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ  . وَكَانَ مِمَّنْ حَجَّ أُمُّ الدَّرْدَاءِ الصُّغْرَى. وَفِيهَا وُلِدَ ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ. وَكَانَ الْعَامِلُ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ أَبَانَ بْنَ عُثْمَانَ، وَعَلَى الْعِرَاقِ وَالْمَشْرِقِ كُلِّهِ الْحَجَّاجَ، وَعَلَى خُرَاسَانَ الْمُهَلَّبَ، وَعَلَى قَضَاءِ الْكُوفَةِ أَبَا بُرْدَةَ، وَعَلَى قَضَاءِ الْبَصْرَةِ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ أُذَيْنَةَ. وَكَانَتْ سِجِسْتَانُ وَكَرْمَانُ وَفَارِسُ وَالْبَصْرَةُ بِيَدِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ. غزو موسى بن نصير بلاد الأندلس وَفِيهَا غَزَا مُوسَى بْنُ نُصَيْرٍ أَمِيرُ بِلَادِ الْمَغْرِبِ مِنْ جِهَةِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بِلَادَ الْأَنْدَلُسِ، فَافْتَتَحَ مُدُنًا كَثِيرَةً، وَأَرَاضِيَ عَامِرَةً، وَأَوْغَلَ فِي بِلَادِ الْمَغْرِبِ إِلَى أَنْ وَصَلَ إِلَى الزُّقَاقِ الْمُنْبَثِقِ مِنَ الْبَحْرِ الْأَخْضَرِ الْمُحِيطِ. وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.

Translation

✧ Then the Year Eighty-One Began ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān conquered the city of Qāliqalā In this year ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān sent his son ʿUbayd Allāh, and he conquered Qāliqalā. The Killing of Baḥīr b. Warqāʾ In this year Baḥīr b. Warqāʾ al-Ṣuraymī was killed. The reason for his killing was that when Bukayr b. Wassāj was killed—both of them being Tamīmīs—by the order of Umayya b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Khālid to that effect, as has been mentioned previously, ʿUthmān b. Rajāʾ b. Jābir, one of the Banū ʿAwf b. Saʿd of the Abnāʾ, said, inciting some of the family of Bukayr from the Abnāʾ—the Abnāʾ being several clans of Tamīm, named that—: By my life, you have closed an eye upon a mote, and spent the night full-bellied with refined wine; you have left unavenged blood to go to waste and chosen sleep; whoever drinks the tawny wine while a blood debt remains, he is outrun. Had you been a forelock of ʿAwf b. Saʿd, you would have left Baḥīr in flowing blood. Say to Baḥīr: sleep, and fear no avenger for Bukayr, for ʿAwf are people of bleating sheep. Leave the sheep one day: you have been outrun in your vengeance, and you have become a tale between west and east. Rouse yourselves! Had Bukayr come evening as was his wont, he would have come upon them in the morning in ranks with a dark, massive host. He also said: Had Bakr stood forth in his gear, by the Lord of the Throne, Baḥīr would not have dared assail him. In time, if time preserves me, there is a quest, and in God is a seeker worthy of that. It reached Baḥīr that the kinsmen of Bukayr from the Abnāʾ were threatening him, so he said: The Abnāʾ threaten me in ignorance, as if they see my courtyard empty of Banū Kaʿb. I raise my hand to him with a keen Indian blade, a sharp sword like the color of snow, with gleaming edge. Then seventeen men of the Banū ʿAwf bound themselves by oath to seek the blood of Bukayr. A youth of them, called Shamardal, came out from the desert until he arrived in Khurāsān. He saw Baḥīr standing, so he charged him and thrust at him, throwing him down. He thought he had killed him. The people said, “A Khārijite!” and he raced them, but his horse stumbled with him, and he fell from it and was killed. Ṣaʿṣaʿa b. Ḥarb al-ʿAwfī came out from the desert, having sold some small sheep of his, and went to Sijistān. He stayed as a neighbor of some relatives of Baḥīr for a time, claiming affiliation to the Banū Ḥanīfa of al-Yamāma. He prolonged sitting with them until they grew accustomed to him. Then he said to them, “I have an inheritance in Khurāsān, so write for me a letter to Baḥīr so that he may help me obtain my right.” They wrote for him, and he traveled and presented himself to Baḥīr while Baḥīr was with al-Muhallab on his campaign. He met some people of the Banū ʿAwf and told them his affair. He met Baḥīr and informed him that he was from the Banū Ḥanīfa, one of the companions of Ibn Abī Bakra, and that he had property in Sijistān and an inheritance in Marw, and that he had come to sell it and return to al-Yamāma. Baḥīr lodged him, ordered an allowance for him, and made him promises. Ṣaʿṣaʿa said, “I shall stay with you until the people return.” He stayed a month, attending with him at the gate of al-Muhallab. Baḥīr had been on his guard, but when Ṣaʿṣaʿa brought him the letter of his companions and mentioned that he was of Ḥanīfa, he felt safe with him. One day Ṣaʿṣaʿa came while Baḥīr was with al-Muhallab, wearing a shirt and cloak. He sat behind him and drew near as if to speak with him, then stabbed him with a dagger he carried in his side, burying it in his belly. He cried out, “To the vengeance of Bukayr!” He was seized and brought to al-Muhallab, who said to him, “Woe to you! You have not attained your vengeance and you have killed yourself, while Baḥīr has no serious wound.” He replied, “I have given him a thrust which, had it been divided among the people, they would all have died, and I felt the smell of his entrails in my hand.” So al-Muhallab imprisoned him. Some people of the Abnāʾ entered upon him and kissed his head. Baḥīr died the next day. When Baḥīr died, Ṣaʿṣaʿa said, “Now do what you will. Have not the vows of the sons of the Banū ʿAwf been fulfilled, and have I not attained my vengeance? By God, he gave me opportunity with him in private more than once, but I disliked killing him secretly.” Al-Muhallab said, “I have not seen a man more generous of soul toward death than this one.” He ordered him killed, and he was killed. It is said that al-Muhallab sent him to Baḥīr before he died, and he killed him, and Baḥīr died after him. His death weighed heavily upon al-Muhallab. The ʿAwf and the Abnāʾ became angry and said, “Why was our companion killed, when he only took his vengeance?” The Muqāʿis and the other clans—all of them clans of Tamīm—contended with them, until people feared the matter would grow serious. The men of sound judgment said, “Take upon yourselves the bloodwite for Ṣaʿṣaʿa, and let the blood of Baḥīr be set against Bukayr.” So they paid the bloodwite for Ṣaʿṣaʿa. A man of the Abnāʾ said, praising Ṣaʿṣaʿa: By God, what a youth whose aspiration crossed beyond Iraq, through deserts and seas! He kept wearying himself and his mounts until in the wars he reached Baḥīr. The Entry of the Daylam into Qazwīn and What Befell Them Qazwīn was the frontier of the Muslims on the side of Daylam. The armies never ceased to be garrisoned there, keeping watch night and day. In this year among a group garrisoned there was Muḥammad b. Abī Sabra al-Juʿfī, a brave horseman of great service in his wars. When he came to Qazwīn he saw the people keeping watch and not sleeping at night. He said to them, “Do you fear that the enemy may enter your city?” They said, “Yes.” He said, “They would treat you fairly if they did. Open the gates, and no harm will befall you.” So they opened them. This reached the Daylam, and they marched against them, fell upon them by night, and burst into the town. The people cried out. Ibn Abī Sabra said, “Close the gates of the city upon us and upon them; they have treated us fairly—fight them.” So they closed the gates and fought them. Ibn Abī Sabra fought with great valor, and the Muslims prevailed over them. Not one of the Daylam escaped. His name became famous for that, and after that the Daylam did not again venture to leave their land. Muḥammad became the noted horseman of that frontier. He used to drink wine constantly, and he remained so until the days of ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, who ordered that he be sent to Zurāra, the abode of the dissolute in al-Kūfa. He was sent there. Then the Daylam raided and inflicted harm on the Muslims, and the gap became apparent after his departure. They wrote to ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, governor of al-Kūfa, asking him to return Ibn Abī Sabra to them. He wrote of that to ʿUmar, who permitted him to return to the frontier. He returned to it and defended it. Muḥammad had a brother called Khuthayma b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān—that being the name of Abū Sabra—and he was one of the jurists. Mention of Several Events In this year Sulaymān b. ʿAbd al-Malik led the people in the pilgrimage. Among those who made the pilgrimage was Umm al-Dardāʾ al-Ṣughrā. In it Ibn Abī Dhiʾb was born. The governor of al-Madīna was Abān b. ʿUthmān; over Iraq and the entire East was al-Ḥajjāj; over Khurāsān was al-Muhallab; over the judiciary of al-Kūfa was Abū Burda; and over the judiciary of al-Baṣra was ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Udhayna. Sijistān, Kirmān, Fārs, and al-Baṣra were in the hands of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. Mūsā b. Nuṣayr's Campaign into the Lands of al-Andalus In this year Mūsā b. Nuṣayr, governor of the lands of the Maghrib on behalf of ʿAbd al-Malik, raided the lands of al-Andalus. He conquered many cities and cultivated lands, and penetrated deep into the lands of the Maghrib until he reached the strait branching from the surrounding Green Sea. And God knows best.

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