Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2332
Then the Year Seventy-Eight Began
فتح إرقيلية ثُمَّ دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ ثَمَانٍ وَسَبْعِينَ فَفِيهَا كَانَتْ غَزْوَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ بِبِلَادِ الرُّومِ، فَفَتَحُوا إِرْقِيلِيَّةَ، فَلَمَّا رَجَعُوا أَصَابَهُمْ مَطَرٌ عَظِيمٌ وَثَلْجٌ وَبَرَدٌ، فَأُصِيبَ بِسَبَبِهِ نَاسٌ كَثِيرٌ. تولية موسى بن نصير غزو بلاد المغرب وَفِيهَا وَلَّى عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ مُوسَى بْنَ نُصَيْرٍ غَزْوَ بِلَادِ الْمَغْرِبِ جَمِيعِهِ، فَسَارَ إِلَى طَنْجَةَ وَقَدَّمَ عَلَى مُقَدِّمَتِهِ طَارِقًا، فَقَتَلُوا مُلُوكَ تِلْكَ الْبِلَادِ، وَبَعْضُهُمْ قَطَعُوا أَنْفَهُ وَنَفَوْهُ. عزل أمية بن عبد الله عن إمرة خراسان وَفِيهَا عَزَلَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ أُمَيَّةَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ إِمْرَةِ خُرَاسَانَ، وَأَضَافَهَا إِلَى الْحَجَّاجِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ الثَّقَفِيِّ مَعَ سِجِسْتَانَ أَيْضًا، وَرَكِبَ الْحَجَّاجُ بَعْدَ فَرَاغِهِ مِنْ شَأْنِ شَبِيبٍ مِنَ الْكُوفَةِ إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ، وَقَدِ اسْتَخْلَفَ عَلَى الْكَوْفَةِ الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيَّ، فَقَدِمَ الْمُهَلَّبُ عَلَى الْحَجَّاجِ وَهُوَ بِالْبَصْرَةِ، وَقَدْ فَرَغَ مِنْ شَأْنِ الْأَزَارِقَةِ أَيْضًا، فَأَجْلَسَهُ مَعَهُ عَلَى السَّرِيرِ، وَاسْتَدْعَى بِأَصْحَابِ الْبَلَاءِ مِنْ جَيْشِهِ، فَمَنْ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ الْمُهَلَّبُ أَجْزَلَ الْحَجَّاجُ لَهُ الْعَطِيَّةَ، ثُمَّ وَلَّى الْحَجَّاجُ الْمُهَلَّبَ إِمْرَةَ سِجِسْتَانَ، وَوَلَّى عُبَيْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ إِمْرَةَ خُرَاسَانَ، ثُمَّ نَاقَلَ بَيْنَهُمَا قَبْلَ خُرُوجِهِمَا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ، فَقِيلَ: كَانَ ذَلِكَ بِإِشَارَةِ الْمُهَلَّبِ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ اسْتَعَانَ بِصَاحِبِ الشُّرْطَةِ، وَهُوَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ طَارِقٍ الْعَبْشَمِيُّ، حَتَّى أَشَارَ عَلَى الْحَجَّاجِ بِذَلِكَ، فَأَجَابَهُ الْحَجَّاجُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ، وَأَلْزَمَ الْمُهَلَّبَ بِأَلْفِ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ ; لِكَوْنِهِ اعْتَرَضَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ. من حج بالناس في هذه السنة قَالَ أَبُو مَعْشَرٍ: وَحَجَّ بِالنَّاسِ فِيهَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، وَكَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمَدِينَةِ أَبَانَ بْنَ عُثْمَانَ، وَأَمِيرُ الْعِرَاقِ وَخُرَاسَانَ وَسِجِسْتَانَ وَتِلْكَ النَّوَاحِي كُلِّهَا الْحَجَّاجَ، وَنَائِبُهُ عَلَى خُرَاسَانَ الْمُهَلَّبَ بْنَ أَبِي صُفْرَةَ وَنَائِبُهُ عَلَى سِجِسْتَانَ عُبَيْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ الثَّقَفِيَّ، وَعَلَى قَضَاءِ الْكُوفَةِ شُرَيْحٌ، وَعَلَى قَضَاءِ الْبَصْرَةِ مُوسَى بْنُ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ. فراغ الحجاج من بناء واسط وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ فَرَغَ الْحَجَّاجُ مِنْ بِنَاءِ وَاسِطَ [وَسَبَبُ تَسْمِيَتِهَا] أَنَّ الْحَجَّاجَ قَالَ: هَذَا وَسَطُ مَا بَيْنَ الْمِصْرَيْنِ: الْكُوفَةِ وَالْبَصْرَةِ، وَكَانَ كَتَبَ إِلَى عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ يَسْتَأْذِنُهُ فِي بِنَاءِ مَدِينَةٍ بَيْنَ الْمِصْرَيْنِ، فَأَذِنَ لَهُ، فَابْتَدَأَ فِي الْبِنَاءِ مِنْ سَنَةِ خَمْسٍ وَسَبْعِينَ، فَبَنَى الْقَصْرَ وَالْمَسْجِدَ وَالسُّورَيْنِ، وَحَفَرَ الْخَنْدَقَ فِي ثَلَاثِ سِنِينَ، وَفَرَغَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، فَأَنْفَقَ عَلَيْهَا خَرَاجَ الْعِرَاقِ كُلَّهُ خَمْسَ سِنِينَ، ثُمَّ نَقَلَ إِلَيْهَا مِنْ وُجُوهِ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ، وَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يُصَلُّوا عَنْ يَمِينِ الْمَقْصُورَةِ، وَنَقَلَ مِنْ وُجُوهِ أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ، وَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يُصَلُّوا عَنْ يَسَارِ الْمَقْصُورَةِ، وَأَمَرَ مَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ أَنْ يُصَلُّوا بِحِيَالِهِ مِمَّا يَلِي الْمَقْصُورَةَ، وَأَنْزَلَ أَصْحَابَ الطَّعَامِ وَالْبَزَّازِينَ وَالصَّيَارِفَ وَالْعَطَّارِينَ عَنْ يَمِينِ السُّورِ، وَأَنْزَلَ الْبَقَّالِينَ وَأَصْحَابَ السَّقْطِ، وَأَصْحَابَ الْفَاكِهَةِ فِي قِبْلَةِ السُّورِ، وَأَنْزَلَ الرُّوزِجَارِيَّةَ، وَالصُّنَّاعَ عَنْ يَسَارِ السُّورِ إِلَى دِجْلَةَ، وَجَعَلَ لِأَهْلِ كُلِّ تِجَارَةٍ قِطْعَةً لَا يُخَالِطُهُمْ غَيْرُهُمْ، وَأَمَرَ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَعَ أَهْلِ كُلِّ قِطْعَةٍ صَيْرَفِيٌّ، وَجَعَلَ لِقَصْرِهِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَبْوَابٍ، وَاتَّخَذَ لَهُمْ مَقْبَرَةً مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الشَّرْقِيِّ، وَعَقَدَ الْجِسْرَ وَضَرَبَ الدَّرَاهِمَ، وَوَلَّاهَا لِابْنِ أَخِيهِ. قصة طريفة لابن أخ الحجاج وَقَدْ جَرَتْ لِابْنِ أَخِيهِ فِي تَوْلِيَتِهِ الْبَلَدَ قِصَّةٌ طَرِيفَةُ: قَالَ: أَبُو عَبَّادٍ، قَالَ: أَدْرَكْتُ الْخَادِمَ الَّذِي كَانَ يَقُومُ عَلَى رَأْسِ الْحَجَّاجِ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: أَخْبِرْنِي بِأَعْجَبِ شَيْءٍ رَأَيْتَهُ مِنَ الْحَجَّاجِ، قَالَ: كَانَ ابْنُ أَخِيهِ أَمِيرًا عَلَى وَاسِطَ، وَكَانَتْ بِوَاسِطَ امْرَأَةٌ يُقَالُ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِوَاسِطَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ أَجْمَلَ مِنْهَا، فَأَرْسَلَ ابْنُ أَخِيهِ إِلَيْهَا يُرِيدُهَا عَنْ نَفْسِهَا مَعَ خَادِمٍ لَهُ، فَأَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَتْ: إِنْ أَرَدْتِنِي فَاخْطُبْنِي إِلَى إِخْوَتِي. قَالَ: وَكَانَتْ لَهَا إِخْوَةٌ أَرْبَعَةٌ، فَأَبَى وَقَالَ: لَا إِلَّا كَذَا، وَعَاوَدَهَا فَأَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَخْطُبَهَا، فَأَمَّا حَرَامٌ فَلَا، وَأَبَى هُوَ إِلَّا الْحَرَامَ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهَا بِهَدِيَّةٍ فَأَخَذَتْهَا فَعَزَلَتْهَا. قَالَ: فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهَا عَشِيَّةَ جُمْعَةٍ: إِنِّي آتِيكِ اللَّيْلَةَ، فَقَالَتْ لِأُمِّهَا: إِنَّ الْأَمِيرَ بَعَثَ إِلَيَّ بِكَذَا وَكَذَا. قَالَ: فَأَنْكَرَتْ أُمُّهَا ذَلِكَ، وَقَالَتْ أُمُّهَا لِإِخْوَتِهَا: إِنَّ أُخْتَكُمْ قَدْ زَعَمَتْ كَذَا وَكَذَا، فَأَنْكَرُوا ذَلِكَ وَكَذَّبُوهَا، فَقَالَتْ: إِنَّهُ قَدْ وَعَدَنِي أَنْ يَأْتِيَنِي اللَّيْلَةَ وَسَتَرَوْنَهُ، قَالَ: فَقَعَدَ إِخْوَتُهَا فِي بَيْتٍ حِيَالَ الْبَيْتِ الَّذِي هِيَ فِيهِ وَفِيهِ سِرَاجٌ وَهُمْ يَرَوْنَ مَنْ يُدْخِلُ إِلَيْهَا وَجُوَيْرِيَّةٌ لَهَا عَلَى بَابِ الدَّارِ قَاعِدَةٌ، حَتَّى جَاءَ فَنَزَلَ عَنْ دَابَّتِهِ وَقَالَ لِغُلَامِهِ: إِذَا أَذَّنَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ فِي الْغَلَسِ فَاتَنِي بِدَابَّتِي. وَدَخَلَ فَمَشَتِ الْجَارِيَةُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَقَالَتْ لَهُ: ادْخُلْ وَهِيَ عَلَى سَرِيرٍ مُسْتَلْقِيَةٌ، فَاسْتَلْقَى إِلَى جَانِبِهَا ثُمَّ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَيْهَا وَقَالَ: إِلَى كَمْ ذَا الْمَطْلُ؟ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ: كَفَّ يَدَكَ يَا فَاسِقُ. قَالَ: وَدَخَلَ إِخْوَتُهَا وَمَعَهُمْ سُيُوفٌ، فَقَطَعُوهُ ثُمَّ لَفُّوهُ فِي نَطْعٍ وَجَاءُوا بِهِ إِلَى سِكَّةٍ مِنْ سِكَكِ وَاسِطَ فَأَلْقُوهُ فِيهَا. وَجَاءَ الْغُلَامُ بِالدَّابَّةِ فَجَعَلَ يَدُقُّ الْبَابَ رَفِيقًا، فَلَمْ يُكَلِّمْهُ أَحَدٌ، فَلَمَّا غَشِيَ الصُّبْحُ، [وَخَشِيَ] أَنْ تُعْرَفَ الدَّابَّةُ انْصَرَفَ. وَأَصْبَحُوا فَإِذَا هُمْ بِهِ، فَأَتَوْا بِهِ الْحَجَّاجَ، فَأَخَذَ أَهْلَ تِلْكَ السِّكَّةِ، فَقَالَ: أَخْبَرُونِي مَا هَذَا وَمَا قِصَّتُهُ؟ قَالُوا: لَا نَعْلَمُ حَالَهُ غَيْرَ أَنَا وَجَدْنَاهُ مُلْقًى، فَفَطِنَ الْحَجَّاجُ، فَقَالَ: عَلَيَّ بِمَنْ كَانَ يَخْدِمُهُ فَأُتِيَ بِذَلِكَ الْخَصِيِّ الَّذِي كَانَ الرَّسُولَ، فَقِيلَ: هَذَا كَانَ صَاحِبَ سِرِّهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحَجَّاجُ: مَا كَانَ حَالُهُ، وَمَا [كَانَتْ] قِصَّتُهُ؟ فَأَبَى، فَقَالَ: إِنْ صَدَقْتَنِي لَمْ أَضْرِبْ عُنُقَكَ، وَإِنْ لَمْ تَصْدُقْنِي فَعَلْتُ بِكَ وَفَعَلْتُ. قَالَ: فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِالْأَمْرِ عَلَى جِهَتِهِ، فَأَمَرَ بِالْمَرْأَةِ وَأَمَّهَا وَإِخْوَتِهَا، فَجِيءَ بِهِمْ فَعُزِلَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ عَنْهُمْ فَسَأَلَهَا فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ بِمِثْلِ مَا أَخْبَرَهُ الْخَصِيُّ، ثُمَّ عَزَلَهَا وَسَأَلَ الْإِخْوَةَ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ وَقَالُوا: نَحْنُ الَّذِي صَنَعْنَا بِهِ الَّذِي تَرَى، قَالَ: فَعَزَلَهُمْ وَأَمَرَ بِرَقِيقِهِ وَدَوَابِّهِ وَمَالِهِ لِلْمَرْأَةِ، فَقَالَتِ الْمَرْأَة: عِنْدِي هَدَيْتُهُ، فَقَالَ: بَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكِ فِيهَا وَأَكْثَرَ فِي النِّسَاءِ مِثْلَكِ، هِيَ لَكِ، وَكُلُّ مَا تَرَكَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ، فَهُوَ لَكِ، وَقَالَ: مِثْلُ هَذَا لَا يُدْفَنُ، فَأَلْقُوُهُ لِلْكِلَابِ. وَدَعَا بِالْخَصِيِّ وَقَالَ: أَمَّا أَنْتَ فَقَدْ قُلْتُ لَا أَضْرِبُ عُنُقَكَ، فَأُمِرَ بِضَرْبِ وَسَطِهِ.
Translation
✧ The Conquest of Irqiliyya Then the year seventy-eight began. In it there was a great military expedition of the Muslims in the lands of the Romans, and they conquered Irqiliyya. When they returned, a great rain, snow, and hail struck them, and many people were afflicted because of it. The appointment of Mūsā b. Nuṣayr to lead the conquest of the lands of the Maghrib In it ʿAbd al-Malik appointed Mūsā b. Nuṣayr to lead the conquest of all the lands of the Maghrib. He marched to Tangier and placed Ṭāriq at the head of his vanguard. They killed the kings of those lands, and some of them they cut off his nose and banished him. The dismissal of Umayya b. ʿAbd Allāh from the governorship of Khurāsān In it ʿAbd al-Malik dismissed Umayya b. ʿAbd Allāh from the governorship of Khurāsān and attached it to al-Ḥajjāj b. Yūsuf al-Thaqafī, together with Sijistān as well. After he had finished with the affair of Shabīb, al-Ḥajjāj rode from al-Kūfa to al-Baṣra, having appointed al-Mughīra b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿĀmir al-Ḥaḍramī as his deputy over al-Kūfa. Al-Muhallab came to al-Ḥajjāj while he was in al-Baṣra, and he had also finished with the affair of the Azāriqa, so he seated him with him on the couch. He summoned the men of distinction from his army, and whoever al-Muhallab praised, al-Ḥajjāj gave him an ample gift. Then al-Ḥajjāj appointed al-Muhallab to the governorship of Sijistān, and appointed ʿUbayd Allāh b. Abī Bakra to the governorship of Khurāsān. Then he exchanged the two of them before they left his presence. It is said that this was at the suggestion of al-Muhallab. And it is said that he sought the help of the chief of the shurṭa, who was ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿUbayd b. Ṭāriq al-ʿAbshamī, until he suggested that to al-Ḥajjāj, and al-Ḥajjāj complied with that, and obligated al-Muhallab to pay a million dirhams because he had objected to that. Who led the people in pilgrimage this year Abū Maʿshar said: In it al-Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik led the people in pilgrimage. The governor of Madinah was Abān b. ʿUthmān, and the governor of Iraq, Khurāsān, Sijistān, and all those regions was al-Ḥajjāj, whose deputy over Khurāsān was al-Muhallab b. Abī Ṣufra and whose deputy over Sijistān was ʿUbayd Allāh b. Abī Bakra al-Thaqafī. Over the judiciary of al-Kūfa was Shurayḥ, and over the judiciary of al-Baṣra was Mūsā b. Anas b. Mālik al-Anṣārī. Al-Ḥajjāj's completion of the building of Wāsiṭ In this year al-Ḥajjāj completed the building of Wāsiṭ. [The reason for its naming] is that al-Ḥajjāj said: This is the middle between the two cities: al-Kūfa and al-Baṣra. He had written to ʿAbd al-Malik seeking permission to build a city between the two cities, and he granted him permission. He began building in the year seventy-five, and he built the palace, the mosque, and the two walls, and he dug the moat in three years, and he finished in this year. He spent on it the entire land tax of Iraq for five years. Then he transferred to it prominent people from al-Kūfa, and ordered them to pray to the right of the maqṣūra, and he transferred prominent people from al-Baṣra, and ordered them to pray to the left of the maqṣūra. He ordered those with him from the people of Syria to pray directly in front of it, next to the maqṣūra. He settled the grain merchants, the cloth merchants, the money changers, and the perfumers to the right of the wall, and he settled the grocers, the dealers in sundry goods, and the fruit sellers in the qibla side of the wall, and he settled the day laborers and the artisans to the left of the wall toward the Tigris. He assigned to the people of each trade a sector in which no others mixed with them, and he ordered that with the people of each sector there be a money changer. He made four gates for his palace, and he made for them a cemetery on the eastern side, and he built the bridge and minted the dirhams, and he appointed his nephew over it. A curious story of al-Ḥajjāj's nephew A curious story occurred to his nephew in his governorship of the city. Abū ʿAbbād said: I met the servant who used to stand at al-Ḥajjāj's head, and I said to him: Tell me the most amazing thing you saw from al-Ḥajjāj. He said: His nephew was governor over Wāsiṭ, and in Wāsiṭ there was a woman of whom it is said that there was no one more beautiful in Wāsiṭ at that time. His nephew sent to her, seeking her for himself, with a servant of his, but she refused him and said: If you want me, ask for my hand from my brothers. He said: She had four brothers. He refused and said: No, except thus, and he approached her again, but she refused him except that he ask for her hand; as for what is forbidden, no. And he refused except the forbidden. So he sent her a gift, and she took it and set it aside. He said: One Friday evening he sent to her: I will come to you tonight. She said to her mother: The governor has sent me such and such. He said: Her mother disapproved of that, and her mother said to her brothers: Your sister has claimed such and such. They disapproved of that and called her a liar. She said: He has promised me that he will come to me tonight, and you will see him. He said: Her brothers sat in a room facing the room in which she was, and in it there was a lamp, and they could see whoever entered to her. A young slave girl of hers was sitting at the door of the house, until he came and dismounted from his mount and said to his servant: When the muezzin calls the adhan in the darkness before dawn, bring me my mount. He entered, and the girl walked before him and said to him: Enter, while she was lying on a couch. He lay down beside her, then put his hand on her and said: How long this delay? She said to him: Take away your hand, O wicked one. He said: Her brothers entered with swords, and they cut him up, then wrapped him in a leather mat and brought him to one of the streets of Wāsiṭ and threw him there. The servant came with the mount and began knocking on the door gently, but no one answered him. When dawn approached, [and he feared] that the mount would be recognized, he left. In the morning they found him, and they brought him to al-Ḥajjāj. He seized the people of that street and said: Tell me what this is and what his story is. They said: We do not know his condition, except that we found him thrown. Al-Ḥajjāj realized, and said: Bring me those who used to serve him. That eunuch who was the messenger was brought, and it was said: This was the keeper of his secret. Al-Ḥajjāj said to him: What was his condition and what was his story? He refused, so he said: If you tell me the truth, I will not strike your neck, and if you do not tell me the truth, I will do to you and do. He said: He told him the matter as it was, and he ordered the woman, her mother, and her brothers to be brought. The woman was separated from them, and he asked her, and she told him the same as the eunuch had told him. Then he separated her and asked the brothers, and they told him the same, and said: We are the ones who did to him what you see. He said: He separated them and ordered that his slaves, mounts, and wealth be given to the woman. The woman said: I have his gift. He said: May Allah bless you in it and increase among women the like of you. It is yours, and everything he left of anything is yours. He said: The like of this is not to be buried, so throw him to the dogs. He called for the eunuch and said: As for you, I said I would not strike your neck, so he ordered that his waist be struck.
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