Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2232
The Year 64 AH
إِمَارَةُ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، وَيُقَالُ: أَبُو يَزِيدَ. وَيُقَالُ: أَبُو لَيْلَى الْقُرَشِيُّ الْأُمَوِيُّ. وَأُمُّهُ أُمُّ هَاشِمٍ بِنْتُ أَبِي هَاشِمِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ، بُويِعَ لَهُ بَعْدَ مَوْتِ أَبِيهِ، وَكَانَ وَلِيَّ عَهْدِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ فِي رَابِعَ عَشَرَ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ وَسِتِّينَ، وَكَانَ رَجُلًا صَالِحًا نَاسِكًا، وَلَمْ تَطُلْ مُدَّتُهُ. قِيلَ: إِنَّهُ مَكَثَ فِي الْمُلْكِ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْمًا. وَقِيلَ: عِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا. وَقِيلَ: شَهْرَيْنِ. وَقِيلَ: شَهْرًا وَنِصْفَ شَهْرٍ. وَقِيلَ: ثَلَاثَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَقِيلَ: وَعِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا. وَقِيلَ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَكَانَ فِي مُدَّةِ وِلَايَتِهِ مَرِيضًا، لَمْ يَخْرُجْ إِلَى النَّاسِ، وَكَانَ الضَّحَّاكُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ هُوَ الَّذِي يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ، وَيَسُدُّ الْأُمُورَ. وَمَاتَ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ هَذَا عَنْ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ سَنَةً وَقِيلَ: ثَلَاثٍ وَعِشْرِينَ سَنَةً وَثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا. وَقِيلَ: تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً. وَقِيلَ: عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً. وَقِيلَ: ثَلَاثٍ وَعِشْرِينَ سَنَةً. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّمَا عَاشَ ثَمَانِيَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً. وَقِيلَ: خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ أَخُوهُ خَالِدٌ، وَقِيلَ: عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَنْبَسَةَ. وَقِيلَ: الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عُتْبَةَ. وَهَذَا هُوَ الصَّحِيحُ، فَإِنَّهُ أَوْصَى إِلَيْهِ بِذَلِكَ، وَشَهِدَ دَفْنَهُ مَرْوَانُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ، وَكَانَ الضَّحَّاكُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ هُوَ الَّذِي يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ بَعْدَهُ حَتَّى اسْتَقَرَّ الْأَمْرُ لِمَرْوَانَ بِالشَّامِ، وَدُفِنَ بِمَقَابِرِ بَابِ الصَّغِيرِ بِدِمَشْقَ. وَلِمَا حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ قِيلَ لَهُ: أَلَا تُوصِي ؟ فَقَالَ: لَا أَتَزَوَّدُ مَرَارَتَهَا وَأَتْرُكُ حَلَاوَتَهَا لِبَنِي أُمَيَّةَ. وَكَانَ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ، أَبْيَضَ شَدِيدَ الْبَيَاضِ، كَثِيرَ الشَّعْرِ، كَبِيرَ الْعَيْنَيْنِ، جَعْدَ الشَّعْرِ، أَقْنَى الْأَنْفِ، مُدَوَّرَ الرَّأْسِ، جَمِيلَ الْوَجْهِ دَقِيقَهُ، حَسَنَ الْجِسْمِ. قَالَ أَبُو زُرْعَةَ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ: مُعَاوِيَةُ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَخَالِدٌ إِخْوَةٌ، وَكَانُوا مِنْ صَالِحِي الْقَوْمِ. وَقَالَ فِيهِ بَعْضُ الشُّعَرَاءِ، وَهُوَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ هَمَّامٍ السَّلُولِيُّ: تَلَقَّاهَا يَزِيدٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ فَدُونَكَهَا مُعَاوِي عَنْ يَزِيدَا أَدِيرُوهَا بَنِي حَرْبٍ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَا تَرْمُوا بِهَا الْغَرَضَ الْبَعِيدَا وَيُرْوَى أَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ يَزِيدَ هَذَا نَادَى فِي النَّاسِ: الصَّلَاةُ جَامِعَةٌ. ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ، فَاجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ فِيمَا قَالَ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، إِنِّي قَدْ وُلِّيتُ أَمْرَكُمْ وَأَنَا ضَعِيفٌ عَنْهُ، فَإِنْ أَحْبَبْتُمْ تَرَكْتُهَا لِرَجُلٍ قَوِيٍّ، كَمَا تَرَكَهَا الصِّدِّيقُ لِعُمَرَ، وَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ تَرَكْتُهَا شُورَى فِي سِتَّةٍ مِنْكُمْ كَمَا تَرَكَهَا عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ وَلَيْسَ فِيكُمْ مَنْ هُوَ صَالِحٌ لِذَلِكَ، وَقَدْ تَرَكْتُ لَكُمْ أَمْرَكُمْ، فَوَلُّوا عَلَيْكُمْ مَنْ يَصْلُحُ لَكُمْ. ثُمَّ نَزَلَ وَدَخَلَ مَنْزِلَهُ، فَلَمْ يَخْرُجْ مِنْهُ حَتَّى مَاتَ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى. وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّهُ سُقِيَ. وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّهُ طُعِنَ. وَقَدْ حَضَرَ مَرْوَانُ دَفْنَهُ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْهُ قَالَ مَرْوَانُ: أَتَدْرُونَ مَنْ دَفَنْتُمْ ؟ قَالُوا: نَعَمْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ يَزِيدَ. فَقَالَ مَرْوَانُ: هُوَ أَبُو لَيْلَى الَّذِي قَالَ فِيهِ أَزْنَمُ الْفَزَارِيُّ: إِنِّي أَرَى فِتْنَةً تَغْلِي مَرَاجِلُهَا وَالْمُلْكُ بَعْدَ أَبِي لَيْلَى لِمَنْ غَلَبَا قَالُوا: كَانَ الْأَمْرُ كَمَا قَالَ. وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ أَبَا لَيْلَى تُوُفِّيَ عَنْ غَيْرِ عَهْدٍ مِنْهُ إِلَى أَحَدٍ فَتَغَلَّبَ عَلَى الْحِجَازِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَعَلَى دِمَشْقَ وَأَعْمَالِهَا مَرْوَانُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ، وَبَايَعَ أَهْلُ خُرَاسَانَ سَلْمَ بْنَ زِيَادٍ حَتَّى يَتَوَلَّى عَلَى النَّاسِ خَلِيفَةٌ، فَسَارَ فِيهِمْ سَلْمٌ سِيرَةً حَسَنَةً أَحَبُّوهُ عَلَيْهَا، ثُمَّ أَخْرَجُوهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَظْهُرِهِمْ، وَخَرَجَ الْقُرَّاءُ وَالْخَوَارِجُ بِالْبَصْرَةِ، وَعَلَيْهِمْ نَافِعُ بْنُ الْأَزْرَقِ، وَطَرَدُوا عَنْهُمْ عُبَيْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ زِيَادٍ - بَعْدَ مَا كَانُوا بَايَعُوهُ عَلَيْهِمْ - حَتَّى يَصِيرَ لِلنَّاسِ إِمَامٌ، فَذَهَبَ إِلَى الشَّامِ بَعْدَ فُصُولٍ يَطُولُ ذَكَرُهَا، وَقَدْ بَايَعُوا بَعْدَهُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ نَوْفَلٍ الْمَعْرُوفَ بِبَبَّةَ، وَأُمُّهُ هِنْدُ بِنْتُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، وَقَدْ جَعَلَ عَلَى شُرْطَةِ الْبَصْرَةِ هِمْيَانَ بْنَ عَدِيٍّ السَّدُوسِيَّ، فَبَايَعَهُ النَّاسُ فِي مُسْتَهَلِّ جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ، سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ وَسِتِّينَ، وَقَدْ قَالَ الْفَرَزْدَقُ: وَبَايَعْتُ أَقْوَامًا وَفَيْتُ بِعَهْدِهِمْ وَبَبَّةُ قَدْ بَايَعْتُهُ غَيْرَ نَادِمِ فَأَقَامَ فِيهِمْ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ، ثُمَّ لَزِمَ بَيْتَهُ، فَكَتَبَ أَهْلُ الْبَصْرَةِ إِلَى ابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، فَكَتَبَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ إِلَى أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ يَأْمُرُهُ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ، فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ شَهْرَيْنِ،. وَخَرَجَ نَجْدَةُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ الْحَنَفِيُّ بِالْيَمَامَةِ، وَخَرَجَ بَنُو مَاحُوزَ فِي الْأَهْوَازِ وَفَارِسَ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ.
Translation
✧ The governorship of Muʿāwiyah b. Yazīd b. Muʿāwiyah Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, and it is said: Abū Yazīd. And it is said: Abū Laylā al-Qurashī al-Umawī. His mother was Umm Hāshim bt. Abī Hāshim b. ʿUtbah b. Rabīʿah. He was given the oath of allegiance after the death of his father, and he was his heir apparent after him, on the fourteenth of Rabīʿ al-Awwal in the year sixty-four. He was a righteous, devout man, and his term did not last long. It is said that he remained in power forty days. And it is said: twenty days. And it is said: two months. And it is said: a month and a half. And it is said: three months and twenty days. And it is said: four months. But God knows best. During the period of his governance he was ill, and did not go out to the people. Al-Ḍaḥḥāk b. Qays was the one who led the people in prayer and managed affairs. This Muʿāwiyah b. Yazīd died at the age of twenty-one, and it is said: twenty-three years and eighteen days. And it is said: nineteen years. And it is said: twenty years. And it is said: twenty-three years. And it is said: he lived only eighteen years. And it is said: fifteen years. But God knows best. His brother Khālid prayed over him, and it is said: ʿUthmān b. ʿAnbasah. And it is said: al-Walīd b. ʿUtbah. This last is the correct one, for he had bequeathed that to him. Marwān b. al-Ḥakam witnessed his burial, and al-Ḍaḥḥāk b. Qays was the one who led the people in prayer after him until authority was settled for Marwān in Syria. He was buried in the cemetery of Bāb al-Ṣaghīr in Damascus. When death came to him, it was said to him: Will you not make a bequest? He said: I shall not take its bitterness and leave its sweetness to the Umayyads. He was, may God have mercy on him, white, very fair-skinned, with abundant hair, large eyes, curly hair, an aquiline nose, a round head, a handsome, fine face, and a good body. Abū Zurʿah al-Dimashqī said: Muʿāwiyah, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, and Khālid were brothers, and they were among the righteous of the people. A poet said of him—he is ʿAbd Allāh b. Hammām al-Sulūlī: Yazīd received it from his father, so take it, Muʿāwiyah, from Yazīd. Pass it around, O Banū Ḥarb, among yourselves, and do not cast it at the distant target. It is related that this Muʿāwiyah b. Yazīd called out among the people one day: "The prayer in congregation!" The people gathered, and he said to them, among other things: "O people, I have been given charge of your affairs, and I am too weak for it. If you wish, I will leave it to a strong man, as al-Ṣiddīq left it to ʿUmar. Or if you wish, I will leave it as a consultative council (shūrā) of six among you, as ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb left it, though there is none among you fit for that. I leave your affair to you, so appoint over yourselves someone who is suitable for you." Then he descended and entered his house, and did not come out of it until he died, may God Almighty have mercy on him. It is said that he was given poison to drink. And it is said that he was stabbed. Marwān attended his burial. When he finished, Marwān said: "Do you know whom you have buried?" They said: "Yes, Muʿāwiyah b. Yazīd." Marwān said: "He is Abū Laylā, of whom Aznam al-Fazārī said: I see a strife whose cauldrons are boiling, and after Abū Laylā, dominion belongs to whoever prevails. They said: The matter was as he said. That is because Abū Laylā died without a covenant from him to anyone, so ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Zubayr seized control of the Hijaz, and Marwān b. al-Ḥakam of Damascus and its districts. The people of Khurasan gave allegiance to Salm b. Ziyād until a caliph should take charge of the people. Salm behaved among them with such excellent conduct that they loved him for it; then they expelled him from their midst. The Qurrāʾ and the Khawārij rose in Basra, led by Nāfiʿ b. al-Azraq, and they drove out ʿUbayd Allāh b. Ziyād—after they had given allegiance to him over themselves—until an imam should be established for the people. He went to Syria after events whose mention would be lengthy. After him they gave allegiance to ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Ḥārith b. Nawfal, known as Babbah, whose mother was Hind bt. Abī Sufyān. He appointed Himyān b. ʿAdī al-Sadūsī as head of the shurṭah of Basra. The people gave him allegiance at the beginning of Jumādā al-Ākhirah in the year sixty-four. Al-Farazdaq said: I gave allegiance to peoples and was faithful to their covenant, and Babbah—I gave allegiance to him without regret. He remained among them four months, then stayed in his house. The people of Basra wrote to Ibn al-Zubayr, and Ibn al-Zubayr wrote to Anas b. Mālik ordering him to lead the people in prayer, and he led them in prayer for two months. Najdah b. ʿĀmir al-Ḥanafī rose in al-Yamāmah, and the Banū Māḥūz rose in al-Ahwāz, Fārs, and elsewhere.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.