Dalil
العربية

Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2170

The caliphate of Muʿāwiyah b. Abī Sufyān

مَنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ   ثَوْبَانُ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثَوْبَانُ بْنُ بُجْدُدٍ   مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، تَقَدَّمَتْ تَرْجَمَتُهُ فِي الْمَوَالِي، وَمَنْ كَانَ يَخْدُمُهُ، عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ. أَصْلُ ثَوْبَانَ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ، فَأَصَابَهُ سِبَاءٌ، فَاشْتَرَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَعْتَقَهُ، فَلَزِمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَفَرًا وَحَضَرًا، فَلَمَّا مَاتَ أَقَامَ بِالرَّمْلَةِ، ثُمَّ انْتَقَلَ مِنْهَا إِلَى حِمْصٍ فَابْتَنَى بِهَا دَارَا، وَلَمْ يَزَلْ بِهَا حَتَّى مَاتَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، عَلَى الصَّحِيحِ. وَقِيلَ: سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ. وَهُوَ غَلَطٌ. وَيُقَالُ إِنَّهُ تُوُفِّيَ بِمِصْرَ. وَالصَّحِيحُ بِحِمْصَ. الْحَارِثُ بْنُ رِبْعِيٍّ، أَبُو قَتَادَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ رِبْعِيٍّ، أَبُو قَتَادَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ  : قَالَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ: اسْمُهُ النُّعْمَانُ. وَقَالَ الْهَيْثَمُ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ: اسْمُهُ عَمْرٌو. وَالْأَوَّلُ أَصَحُّ. شَهِدَ مَا بَعْدَ بَدْرٍ، وَحَضَرَ مَعَ عَلِيٍّ قِتَالَ الْخَوَارِجِ بِالنَّهْرَوَانِ. وَقَدْ قِيلَ إِنَّهُ مَاتَ فِي خِلَافَتِهِ وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ، وَلَا يَصِحُّ ذَلِكَ بَلْ عَاشَ بَعْدَهُ. وعن يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، قَالَ: تُوُفِّيَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ وَخَمْسِينَ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ سَبْعِينَ سَنَةً حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامِ بْنِ خُوَيْلِدِ بْنِ أَسَدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامِ بْنِ خُوَيْلِدِ بْنِ أَسَدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى  : وُلِدَ قَبْلَ الْفِيلِ بِاثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً، وَكَانَ آدَمَ شَدِيدَ الْأُدْمَةِ خَفِيفَ اللَّحْمِ. وعن مُصْعَبُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ، قَالَ: دَخَلَتْ أُمُّ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ الْكَعْبَةَ مَعَهَا نِسْوَةٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَهِيَ حَامِلٌ بِحَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ، فَضَرَبَهَا الْمَخَاضُ فِي الْكَعْبَةِ، فَأُتِيَتْ بِنِطْعٍ حَيْثُ أَعْجَلَتْهَا الْوِلَادَةُ، فَوَلَدَتْ حَكِيمَ بْنَ حِزَامٍ فِي الْكَعْبَةِ عَلَى النِّطْعِ. وَكَانَ حَكِيمٌ مِنْ سَادَاتِ قُرَيْشٍ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَالْإِسْلَامِ. وعن مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الضَّحَّاكِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: لَمْ يَدْخُلْ دَارَ النَّدْوَةِ أَحَدٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ لِلْمَشُورَةِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً إِلَّا حَكِيمَ بْنَ حِزَامٍ، دَخَلَهَا وَهُوَ ابْنُ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً. وعَنْ أَبِي حَبِيبَةَ مَوْلَى الزُّبَيْرِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ حَكِيمَ بْنَ حِزَامٍ، يَقُولُ: وُلِدْتُ قَبْلَ قُدُومِ أَصْحَابِ الْفِيلِ بِثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً وَأَنَا أَعْقِلُ حِينَ أَرَادَ عَبْدُ الْمُطَّلِبِ أَنْ يَذْبَحَ وَلَدَهُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ حَتَّى وَقَعَ نَذْرُهُ، وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ مَوْلِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِخَمْسِ سِنِينَ. قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ: شَهِدَ حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ مَعَ أَبِيهِ حَرْبَ الْفِجَارِ، وَقُتِلَ أَبُوهُ حِزَامٌ فِي الْفِجَارِ الْأَخِيرِ، وَكَانَ حَكِيمٌ يُكَنَّى أَبَا خَالِدٍ وَكَانَ لَهُ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ الْوَلَدِ كُلُّهُمْ أَدْرَكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَسْلَمُوا يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ. قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ: وَأَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مَحْمُودٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَغَيْرِهِ، قَالُوا: بَكَى حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ، فَقَالَ لَهُ ابْنُهُ: مَا يُبْكِيكَ يَا أَبَهْ ؟ قَالَ: خِصَالٌ كُلُّهَا أَبْكَانِي، أَمَّا أَوَّلُهَا: فَبُطْءُ إِسْلَامِي حَتَّى سُبِقْتُ فِي مَوَاطِنَ كُلُّهَا صَالِحَةٌ، وَنَجَوْتُ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَيَوْمَ أُحُدٍ، فَقُلْتُ: لَا أَخْرُجُ مِنْ مَكَّةَ وَلَا أُوضَعُ مَعَ قُرَيْشٍ مَا بَقِيتُ، فَأَقَمْتُ بِمَكَّةَ وَيَأْبَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَشْرَحَ قَلْبِي لِلْإِسْلَامِ وَذَلِكَ أَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى بَقَايَا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ لَهُمْ أَسْنَانٌ مُتَمَسِّكِينَ بِمَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَأَقْتَدِي بِهِمْ، وَيَا لَيْتَ أَنِّي لَمْ أَقْتَدِ بِهِمْ، فَمَا أَهْلَكَنَا إِلَّا اقْتِدَاؤُنَا بِآبَائِنَا وَكُبَرَائِنَا، فَلَمَّا غَزَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَكَّةَ جَعَلْتُ أُفَكِّرُ، وَأَتَانِي أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حُرْبٍ، فَقَالَ: أَبَا خَالِدٍ، وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَخْشَى أَنْ يَأْتِيَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ فِي جُمُوعِ يَثْرِبَ، فَهَلْ أَنْتَ تَابِعِي إِلَى شَرَفٍ نَتَرَوَّحُ الْخَبَرَ ؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: فَخَرَجْنَا نَتَحَدَّثُ وَنَحْنُ مُشَاةٌ حَتَّى إِذَا كُنَّا بِمَرِّ الظَّهْرَانِ إِذَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الدُّهْمِ مِنَ النَّاسِ، فَلَقِيَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ، فَذَهَبَ بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَدَخَلْتُ بَيْتِي وَآمَنَ النَّاسُ، فَجِئْتُهُ ﷺ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِالْبَطْحَاءِ وَأَسْلَمْتُ وَصَدَّقْتُهُ وَشَهِدْتُ أَنَّ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ حَقٌّ، وَخَرَجْتُ مَعَهُ إِلَى حُنَيْنٍ. فَأَعْطَى رِجَالًا مِنَ الْغَنَائِمِ وَالْأَمْوَالِ، وَسَأَلْتُهُ حِينَئِذٍ فَأَلْحَقَتِ الْمِسَلَّةَ. وعن حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمَّا كَانَ بِحُنَيْنٍ مِائَةً مِنَ الْإِبِلِ فَأَعْطَانِيهَا، ثُمَّ سَأَلْتُهُ مِائَةً فَأَعْطَانِيهَا، ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "يَا حَكِيمُ، إِنَّ هَذَا الْمَالَ خَضِرَةٌ حُلْوَةٌ فَمَنْ أَخَذَهُ بِسَخَاوَةِ نَفْسٍ بُورِكَ لَهُ فِيهِ، وَمَنْ أَخَذَهُ بِإِسْرَافِ نَفْسٍ لَمْ يُبَارَكْ فِيهِ، وَكَانَ كَالَّذِي يَأْكُلُ وَلَا يَشْبَعُ، فَالْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى، وَابْدَأْ بِمَنْ تَعُولُ ". فَكَانَ حَكِيمٌ يَقُولُ: وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لَا أَزْرَأُ أَحَدًا بَعْدَكَ شَيْئًا حَتَّى أُفَارِقَ الدُّنْيَا، فَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ يَدْعُو حَكِيمًا لِيُعْطِيَهُ فَيَأْبَى أَنْ يَقْبَلَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا، وَكَانَ عُمَرُ يَدْعُو حَكِيمًا إِلَى عَطَائِهِ فَيَأْبَى أَنْ يَأْخُذَهُ، فَيَقُولُ: أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أُشْهِدُكُمْ عَلَى حَكِيمٍ أَنِّي أَدْعُوهُ إِلَى عَطَائِهِ فَيَأْبَى أَنْ يَأْخُذَهُ، فَلَمْ يَزْرَأْ حَكِيمٌ أَحَدًا مِنَ النَّاسِ شَيْئًا بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَ. وعَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ: أَنَّ حَكِيمَ بْنَ حِزَامٍ أَعْتَقَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مِائَةَ رَقَبَةٍ وَحَمَلَ عَلَى مِائَةِ بَعِيرٍ، ثُمَّ أَعْتَقَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ مِائَةَ رَقَبَةٍ وَحَمَلَ عَلَى مِائَةِ بَعِيرٍ، ثُمَّ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَرَأَيْتَ شَيْئًا كُنْتُ فَعَلْتُهُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ أَتَحَنَّثُ بِهِ، هَلْ لِي فِيهِ مِنْ أَجْرٍ ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "أَسْلَمْتَ عَلَى مَا سَلَفَ لَكَ مِنْ خَيْرٍ ". وعن الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ بَكَّارٍ، قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي عَمِّي مُصْعَبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: جَاءَ الْإِسْلَامُ وَفِي يَدِ حَكِيمٍ الرِّفَادَةُ وَدَارُ النَّدْوَةِ بِيَدِهِ، فَبَاعَهَا بَعْدُ مِنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بِمِائَةِ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ: بِعْتَ مَكْرُمَةَ قُرَيْشٍ، فَقَالَ حَكِيمٌ: ذَهَبَتِ الْمَكَارِمُ إِلَّا التَّقْوَى يَا ابْنَ أَخِي، إِنِّي اشْتَرْيَتُ بِهَا دَارًا فِي الْجَنَّةِ، أُشْهِدُ أَنِّي قَدْ جَعَلْتُهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ. وَكَانَ يَفْعَلُ الْمَعْرُوفَ وَيَصِلُ الرَّحِمَ، عَاشَ سِتِّينَ سَنَةً فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَسِتِّينَ سَنَةً فِي الْإِسْلَامِ. وعَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ، قَالَ: حَجَّ حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ مَعَهُ مِائَةُ بَدَنَةٍ [قَدْ أَهْدَاهَا ]، وَجَلَّلَهَا الْحِبَرَةَ، وَكَفَّهَا عَلَى أَعِجَازِهَا، وَوَقَفَ مِائَةَ وَصِيفٍ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ فِي أَعْنَاقِهِمْ أَطَوْقَةُ الْفِضَّةِ قَدْ نُقِشَ فِي رُءُوسِهَا عُتَقَاءُ اللَّهِ مِنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ، وَأَعْتَقَهُمْ وَأَهْدَى أَلْفَ شَاةٍ. قَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ بَكَّارٍ: وَأَخْبَرَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، أَنَّ مُشْرِكِي قُرَيْشٍ حَصَرُوا بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فِي الشِّعْبِ، وَكَانَ حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ تَأْتِيهِ الْعِيرُ تَحْمِلُ الْحِنْطَةَ مِنَ الشَّامِ فَيُقْبِلُ بِهَا إِلَى الشِّعْبِ، ثُمَّ يَضْرِبُ أَعِجَازَهَا فَتَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَيَأْخُذُونَ مَا عَلَيْهَا مِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ. قَالَ حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ: كُنْتُ أُعَالِجُ الْبَزَّ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، وَكُنْتُ رَجُلًا تَاجِرًا أَخْرُجُ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ وَإِلَى الشَّامِ فِي الرِّحْلَتَيْنِ، وَكُنْتُ أَرْبَحُ أَرْبَاحًا كَثِيرَةً فَأَعُودُ عَلَى فُقَرَاءِ قَوْمِي وَنَحْنُ لَا نَعْبُدُ شَيْئًا نُرِيدُ بِذَلِكَ ثَرَاءَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَالْمَحَبَّةَ فِي الْعَشِيرَةِ، وَكُنْتُ أَحْضُرُ لِلْأَسْوَاقِ، وَكَانَ لَنَا ثَلَاثَةُ أَسْوَاقٍ: سُوقٌ بِعُكَاظَ يَقُومُ صُبْحَ هِلَالِ ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ، فَيَقُومُ عِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا وَيَحْضُرُهَا الْعَرَبُ، وَبِهَا ابْتَعْتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ لِعَمَّتِي خَدِيجَةَ بِنْتِ خُوَيْلِدٍ وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ غُلَامٌ، فَأَخَذْتُهُ بِسِتِّمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ، فَلَمَّا تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَدِيجَةَ سَأَلَهَا زَيْدًا، فَوَهَبَتْهُ لَهُ فَأَعْتَقَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ. وَبِهَا ابْتَعْتُ حُلَّةَ ذِي يَزَنَ، كَسَوْتُهَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَمَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا قَطُّ أَجْمَلَ وَلَا أَحْسَنَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي تَلْكَ الْحُلَّةِ. قَالَ: وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّ حَكِيمَ بْنَ حِزَامٍ قَدِمَ بِالْحُلَّةِ فِي هُدْنَةِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ الشَّامَ فِي عِيرٍ، فَأَرْسَلَ بِالْحُلَّةِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَأَبَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَقْبَلَهَا، وَقَالَ: "لَا أَقْبَلُ هَدِيَّةَ مُشْرِكٍ "، قَالَ حَكِيمٌ: فَجَزِعْتُ جَزَعًا شَدِيدًا حَيْثُ رَدَّ هَدِيَّتِي، وَبِعْتُهَا بِسُوقِ النَّبَطِ مِنْ أَوَّلِ سَائِمٍ سَامَنِي، وَدَسَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَيْهَا زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ فَاشْتَرَاهَا، فَرَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَلْبَسُهَا بَعْدُ. وَكَانَ سُوقُ مَجَنَّةً تَقُومُ عَشْرَةَ أَيَّامٍ حَتَّى إِذَا رَأَيْنَا هِلَالَ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ انْصَرَفْنَا وَانْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى سُوقِ ذِي الْمَجَازِ تُقَامُ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ. وَكُلُّ هَذِهِ الْأَسْوَاقِ أَلْقَى بِهَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْمَوَاسِمِ يَسْتَعْرِضُ الْقَبَائِلَ قَبِيلَةً قَبِيلَةً يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى، فَلَا أَرَى أَحَدًا يَسْتَجِيبُ، وَقُرَيْشٌ أَشَدُّ الْقَبَائِلِ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى بَعَثَ رَبُّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَوْمًا أَرَادَ بِهِمْ كَرَامَةَ هَذَا الْحَيِّ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَبَايَعُوهُ وَآمَنُوا بِهِ وَبَذَلُوا لَهُ أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ، فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ لَهُ دَارَ هِجْرَةٍ. فَلَمَّا حَجَّ مُعَاوِيَةُ سَامَنِي بِدَارِي بِمَكَّةَ فَبِعْتُهَا مِنْهُ بِأَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ، فَبَلَغَنِي أَنَّ ابْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ يَقُولُ: مَا يَدْرِي هَذَا الشَّيْخُ مَا يَبِيعُ لَيُرَدَّنَّ عَلَيْهِ بَيْعَهُ. فَقُلْتُ: وَاللَّهِ مَا ابْتَعْتُهَا إِلَّا بِزِقٍّ مِنْ خَمْرٍ. وَكَانَ حَكِيمٌ يَشْتَرِي الظَّهْرَ وَالْأَدَاةَ وَالزَّادَ ثُمَّ لَا يَجِيئُهُ أَحَدٌ يَسْتَحْمِلُهُ فِي السَّبِيلِ إِلَّا حَمَلَهُ. وَكَانَ مُعَاوِيَةُ عَامَ حَجَّ مَرَّ بِهِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ بِلَقُوحٍ [يَشْرَبُ مِنْ لَبَنِهَا وَذَلِكَ بَعْدَ أَنْ سَأَلَهُ أَيَّ الطَّعَامِ يَأْكُلُ، فَقَالَ: أَمَّا مَضْغٌ فَلَا مَضْغَ بِي، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ بِلَقُوحٍ ] وَصَلَهُ، فَأَبَى أَنْ يَقْبَلَهَا وَقَالَ: لَمْ آخُذْ مِنْ بَعْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ شَيْئًا، قَدْ دَعَانِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ ؓ إِلَى حَقِّي فَأَبَيْتُ. تُوُفِّيَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ مِائَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ سَنَةً. حُوَيْطِبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى حُوَيْطِبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى بْنِ أَبِي قَيْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ وُدِّ بْنِ نَصْرِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ حَسْلٍ، أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ  : أَسْلَمَ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ، وَصَحِبَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَهُوَ أَحَدُ النَّفَرِ الَّذِينَ أَمَرَهُمْ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ بِتَجْدِيدِ أَنْصَابِ الْحَرَمِ. عن إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مَحْمُودِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ الْأَشْهَلِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: كَانَ حُوَيْطِبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى قَدْ بَلَغَ عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةَ سَنَةٍ، سِتِّينَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، وَسِتِّينَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ، فَلَمَّا وَلِيَ مَرْوَانُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ الْمَدِينَةَ فِي عَمَلِهِ الْأَوَّلِ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ حُوَيْطِبٌ مَعَ مَشْيَخَةٍ جُلَّةٍ: حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ، وَمَخْرَمَةَ بْنِ نَوْفَلٍ، فَتَحَدَّثُوا عِنْدَهُ ثُمَّ تَفَرَّقُوا، فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ حُوَيْطِبٌ يَوْمًا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَتَحَدَّثَ عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَرْوَانُ: مَا سِنُّكَ ؟ فَأَخْبَرَهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: تَأَخَّرَ إِسْلَامُكَ أَيُّهَا الشَّيْخُ حَتَّى سَبَقَكَ الْأَحْدَاثُ، فَقَالَ حُوَيْطِبٌ: اللَّهُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ، وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ بِالْإِسْلَامِ مَرَّةً بَعْدَ مَرَّةٍ، كُلُّ ذَلِكَ يَعُوقُنِي أَبُوكَ، يَقُولُ: تَدَعُ شَرَفَكَ، وَتَدَعُ دِينَ آبَائِكَ لِدِينٍ مُحْدَثٍ وَتَصِيرُ تَابِعًا، قَالَ: فَأُسْكِتَ مَرْوَانُ، وَنَدِمَ عَلَى مَا كَانَ. قَالَ لَهُ: ثُمَّ قَالَ حُوَيْطِبٌ: أَمَا كَانَ أَخْبَرَكَ عُثْمَانُ مَا كَانَ لَقِيَ مِنْ أَبِيكَ حِينَ أَسْلَمَ ؟ فَازْدَادَ مَرْوَانُ غَمًّا، ثُمَّ قَالَ حُوَيْطِبٌ: مَا كَانَ فِي قُرَيْشٍ أَحَدٌ مِنْ كُبَرَائِنَا الَّذِينَ بَقَوْا عَلَى دِينِ قَوْمِهِمْ إِلَى أَنْ فُتِحَتْ مَكَّةُ، كَانَ أَكْرَهَ لِمَا هُوَ عَلَيْهِ مِنِّي، وَلَكِنَّ الْمَقَادِيرَ. وَلَقَدْ شَهِدْتُ بَدْرًا مَعَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَرَأَيْتُ عِبَرًا، رَأَيْتُ الْمَلَائِكَةَ تَقْتُلُ وَتَأْسِرُ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ، فَقُلْتُ: هَذَا رَجُلٌ مَمْنُوعٌ، وَلَمْ أَذْكُرْ مَا رَأَيْتُ، فَانْهَزَمْنَا رَاجِعِينَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ، فَأَقَمْنَا بِمَكَّةَ نُسْلِمُ رَجُلًا رَجُلًا، فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ حَضَرْتُ وَشَهِدْتُ الصُّلْحَ وَمَشِيتُ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَمَّ، وَكُلُّ ذَلِكَ أُرِيدُ الْإِسْلَامَ وَيَأْبَى اللَّهُ إِلَّا مَا يُرِيدُ، فَلَمَّا كَتَبْنَا صُلْحَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ كُنْتُ أَنَا أَحَدَ شُهُودِهِ، قُلْتُ: لَا تَرَى قُرَيْشٌ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ إِلَّا مَا يَسُوؤُهَا، قَدْ رَضِيتُ أَنْ دَافَعْتُ بِالرَّاحِ. فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَامَ الْقَضِيَّةِ، وَخَرَجَتْ قُرَيْشٌ عَنْ مَكَّةَ، وَكُنْتُ فِيمَنْ تَخَلَّفَ فِي مَكَّةَ أَنَا وَسُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو وَلَاتَ يَخْرُجُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا مَضَى الْوَقْتُ، وَهُوَ ثَلَاثٌ، فَلَمَّا انْقَضَتِ الثَّلَاثُ أَقْبَلْتُ أَنَا وَسُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، فَقُلْنَا: قَدْ مَضَى شَرْطُكَ فَاخْرُجْ بِمَنْ مَعَكَ مِنْ بَلَدِنَا، فَصَاحَ: يَا بِلَالُ لَا تَغِيبُ الشَّمْسُ وَأَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بِمَكَّةَ مِمَّنْ قَدِمَ مَعَنَا. وعَنِ الْمُنْذِرِ بْنِ جَهْمٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ حُوَيْطِبٌ: لَمَّا دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَكَّةَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ خِفْتُ خَوْفًا شَدِيدًا، فَخَرَجْتُ مِنْ بَيْتِي وَفَرَّقْتُ عِيَالِي فِي مَوَاضِعَ يَأْمَنُونَ فِيهَا، ثُمَّ انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى حَائِطِ عَوْفٍ، فَكُنْتُ فِيهِ فَإِذَا أَنَا بِأَبِي ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيِّ وَكَانَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ خُلَّةٌ، فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهُ هَرَبْتُ مِنْهُ، فَقَالَ: أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ، قُلْتُ: لَبَّيْكَ، قَالَ: مَا لَكَ، قُلْتُ: الْخَوْفُ، قَالَ: لَا خَوْفَ عَلَيْكَ تَعَالَ أَنْتَ آمِنٌ بِأَمَانِ اللَّهِ، فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ لِي: اذْهَبْ إِلَى مَنْزِلِكَ، قُلْتُ: وَهَلْ سَبِيلٌ إِلَى مَنْزِلِي، وَاللَّهِ مَا أَرَانِي أَصِلُ إِلَى بَيْتِي حَيًّا حَتَّى أُلْقَى فَأُقْتَلَ أَوْ يُدْخَلَ عَلَيَّ فِي مَنْزِلِي فَأُقْتَلَ وَإِنَّ عِيَالِي فِي مَوَاضِعَ شَتَّى، قَالَ: فَاجْمَعْ عِيَالَكَ مَعَكَ فِي مَوْضِعٍ وَاحِدٍ وَأَنَا أَبْلُغُ مَعَكَ مَنْزِلَكَ، فَبَلَغَ مَعِي وَجَعَلَ يُنَادِي عَلَى بَابِي: إِنَّ حُوَيْطِبَ آمِنٌ فَلَا يُهَجْ. ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَهُ، فَقَالَ: "أَوَلَيْسَ قَدْ آمَنَّا النَّاسَ كُلَّهُمْ إِلَّا مَنْ أَمَرْتَ بِقَتْلِهِ ". فَاطْمَأْنَنْتُ وَرَدَدْتُ عِيَالِي إِلَى مَوَاضِعِهِمْ، وَعَادَ إِلَيَّ أَبُو ذَرٍّ فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ حَتَّى مَتَى وَإِلَى مَتَى قَدْ سُبِقْتَ فِي الْمَوَاطِنِ كُلِّهَا وَفَاتَكَ خَيْرٌ كَثِيرٌ وَبَقِيَ خَيْرٌ كَثِيرٌ فَأْتِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَسْلِمْ تَسْلَمْ، وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَبَرُّ النَّاسِ وَأَوْصَلُ النَّاسِ وَأَحْلَمُ النَّاسِ. قُلْتُ: فَأَنَا أَخْرُجُ مَعَكَ فَآتِيهِ، فَخَرَجْتُ مَعَهُ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْبَطْحَاءِ وَعِنْدَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ، فَوَقَفْتُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ وَقَدْ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا ذَرٍّ: كَيْفَ يُقَالُ إِذَا سُلِّمَ عَلَيْهِ ؟ قَالَ: قُلِ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: "وَعَلَيْكَ السَّلَامُ، أَحُوَيْطِبٌ ؟ " قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، فَقَالَ: "الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي هَدَاكَ ". وَسُرَّ بِإِسْلَامِيٍّ وَاسْتَقْرَضَنِي مَالًا فَأَقْرَضْتُهُ أَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ وَشَهِدْتُ مَعَهُ حُنَيْنًا وَالطَّائِفَ، وَأَعْطَانِي مِنْ غَنَائِمِ حُنَيْنٍ مِائَةَ بَعِيرٍ. ثُمَّ قَدِمَ حُوَيْطِبٌ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَنَزَلَهَا وَلَهُ بِهَا دَارٌ. وعن عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: بَاعَ حُوَيْطِبٌ دَارَهُ بِمَكَّةَ مِنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بِأَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ، أَرْبَعُونَ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ، فَقَالَ: وَمَا أَرْبَعُونَ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ لِرَجُلٍ عِنْدَهُ خَمْسَةٌ مِنَ الْعِيَالِ. وَمَاتَ حُوَيْطِبٌ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ وَلَهُ مِائَةٌ وَعِشْرُونَ سَنَةً. سَعِيدُ بْنُ يَرْبُوعِ بْنِ عَنْكَثَةَ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ مَخْزُومٍ سَعِيدُ بْنُ يَرْبُوعِ بْنِ عَنْكَثَةَ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ مَخْزُومٍ  : أَسْلَمَ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ، وَشَهِدَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حُنَيْنًا وَأَعْطَاهُ مِنْ غَنَائِمِهَا خَمْسِينَ بَعِيرًا، وَكَانَ مِمَّنْ يُجَدِّدُ أَنْصَابَ الْحَرَمِ كُلَّ سَنَةٍ مَعْرِفَةً بِهَا حَتَّى ذَهَبَ بَصَرُهُ فِي آخِرِ خِلَافَةِ عُمَرَ ؓ. وَتُوُفِّيَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ مِائَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ سَنَةً. سَوْدَةُ بِنْتُ زَمْعَةَ سَوْدَةُ بِنْتُ زَمْعَةَ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ وُدٍّ  : تَزَوَّجَهَا السَّكْرَانُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، وَأَسْلَمَا وَخَرَجَا إِلَى الْحَبَشَةِ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ تُوُفِّيَ، فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَيْهَا فَخَطَبَهَا فَتَزَوَّجَهَا، فَهِيَ أَوَّلُ امْرَأَةٍ تَزَوَّجَهَا بَعْدَ خَدِيجَةَ، وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي رَمَضَانَ سَنَةَ عَشْرٍ مِنَ النُّبُوَّةِ، وَبَنَى بِهَا بِمَكَّةَ، وَكَانَتْ قَدْ كَبُرَتْ فَأَرَادَ طَلَاقَهَا، فَقَالَتْ: دَعْنِي أُحْشَرُ فِي جُمْلَةِ أَزْوَاجِكَ وَلَيْلَتِي لِعَائِشَةَ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ طَلَّقَهَا، فَلَمَّا قَالَتْ هَذَا رَاجَعَهَا. وَتُوُفِّيَتْ فِي شَوَّالِ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ. مُرَّةُ بْنُ شُرَاحَبِيلَ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ مُرَّةُ بْنُ شُرَاحَبِيلَ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ: وَيُقَالُ لَهُ: مُرَّةُ الْخَيْرِ، وَمُرَّةُ الطَّيِّبُ، سُمِّيَ ذَلِكَ لِعِبَادَتِهِ. وَرَوَى عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَعُمَرَ، وَعَلِيٍّ، وَابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ. وَكَانَ كَثِيرَ الصَّلَاةِ تَبَيَّنَ فِي وَجْهِهِ وَكَفَّيْهِ آثَارُ الرُّكُوعِ وَالسُّجُودِ. وعَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ، قَالَ: كَانَ مُرَّةُ يُصَلِّي كُلَّ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ أَلْفَ رَكْعَةٍ، فَلَمَّا ثَقُلَ وَبَدَّنَ صَلَّى أَرْبَعَمِائَةِ رَكْعَةٍ، وَكُنْتَ تَنْظُرُ إِلَى مَبَارِكِهِ كَأَنَّهَا مَبَارِكُ الْإِبِلِ. وعن الْحَارِثُ الْغَنَوِيُّ، قَالَ: سَجَدَ مُرَّةُ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ حَتَى أَكَلَ التُّرَابُ جَبْهَتَهُ، فَلَمَّا مَاتَ رَآهُ رَجَلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ فِي مَنَامِهِ كَأَنَّ مَوْضِعَ سُجُودِهِ كَهَيْئَةِ الْكَوْكَبِ الدُّرِّيِّ يَلْمَعُ. فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: مَا هَذَا الَّذِي أَرَى بِوَجْهِكَ ؟ قَالَ: كَسَى مَوْضِعَ السُّجُودِ بِأَكْلِ التُّرَابِ لَهُ نُورًا، قَالَ: فَمَا مَنْزِلَتُكَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ ؟ قَالَ: خَيْرُ مَنْزِلَةٍ، دَارٌ لَا يَنْتَقِلُ عَنْهَا أَهْلُهَا وَلَا يَمُوتُونَ. النُّعَيْمَانُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ رِفَاعَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ النُّعَيْمَانُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ رِفَاعَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ  : شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَالْمَشَاهِدَ كُلَّهَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَكَانَ يُؤْتَى بِهِ مَرَّةً بَعْدَ مَرَّةٍ فِي شُرْبِ النَّبِيذِ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنْهُ، مَا أَكْثَرَ مَا يَشْرَبُ وَأَكْثَرَ مَا يُجْلَدُ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: "لَا تَلْعَنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ يُحِبُّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ ". أسامة بن زيد أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ الْكَلْبِيُّ  ، أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَدَنِيُّ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَابْنُ مَوْلَاهُ، وَحِبُّهُ وَابْنُ حِبِّهِ، وَأُمُّهُ بَرَكَةُ أُمَّ أَيْمَنَ مَوْلَاةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَحَاضِنَتُهُ، وَلَّاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْإِمْرَةَ بَعْدَ مَقْتَلِ أَبِيهِ، فَطَعَنَ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ فِي إِمْرَتِهِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " إِنْ تَطْعَنُوا فِي إِمَارَتِهِ فَقَدْ طَعَنْتُمْ فِي إِمْرَةِ أَبِيهِ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ، وَايْمُ اللَّهِ إِنَّ كَانَ لَخَلِيقًا بِالْإِمَارَةِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ لَمِنْ أَحَبِّ النَّاسِ إِلَيَّ وَإِنَّ هَذَا لَمِنْ أَحَبِّ النَّاسِ إِلَيَّ بَعْدَهُ ". وَثَبَتَ فِي " صَحِيحِ الْبُخَارِيِّ " عَنْهُ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ يُجْلِسُ الْحَسَنَ عَلَى فَخِذِهِ، وَيُجْلِسُ أُسَامَةَ عَلَى فَخْذِهِ الْأُخْرَى وَيَقُولُ: " اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أُحِبُّهُمَا فَأَحِبَّهُمَا ". وَفَضَائِلُهُ كَثِيرَةٌ جِدًّا، تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعُمْرُهُ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً، وَكَانَ عُمَرُ إِذَا لَقِيَهُ يَقُولُ: السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا الْأَمِيرُ. وعَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: عَثَرَ أُسَامَةُ عَلَى عَتَبَةِ الْبَابِ فَشُجَّتْ جَبْهَتُهُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "يَا عَائِشَةُ أَمِيطِي عَنْهُ الدَّمَ ". فَاسْتَقْذَرَتْهُ عَائِشَةُ. قَالَتْ: فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَمُصُّ شَجَّتَهُ وَيَمُجُّهُ وَيَقُولُ: "لَوْ كَانَ أُسَامَةُ جَارِيَةً لَكَسْوَتُهُ وَحَلَّيْتُهُ حَتَّى أُنَفِّقَهُ ". وعَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَخَّرَ الْإِفَاضَةَ مِنْ عَرَفَةَ مِنْ أَجْلِ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ يَنْتَظِرُهُ، فَجَاءَ غُلَامٌ أَفْطَسُ أَسْوَدُ، فَقَالَ أَهْلُ الْيَمَنِ: إِنَّمَا حُبِسْنَا مِنْ أَجْلِ هَذَا. وعن مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِيرِينَ، قَالَ: بَلَغَتِ النَّخْلَةُ عَلَى عَهْدِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ، قَالَ: فَعَمَدَ أُسَامَةُ إِلَى نَخْلَةٍ فَنَقَرَهَا وَأَخْرَجَ جُمَّارَهَا فَأَطْعَمَهَا أُمَّهُ، فَقَالُوا لَهُ: مَا يَحْمِلُكَ عَلَى هَذَا وَأَنْتَ تَرَى النَّخْلَةَ قَدْ بَلَغَتْ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ ؟ قَالَ: إِنَّ أُمِّي سَأَلَتْنِيهِ وَلَا تَسْأَلُنِي شَيْئًا أَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا أَعْطَيْتُهَا. سَكَنَ أُسَامَةُ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَادِي الْقُرَى، ثُمَّ نَزَلَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَمَاتَ بِالْجَرْفِ، فَحُمِلَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ. وَصَحَّحَ أَبُو عُمَرَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْبَرِّ أَنَّهُ تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ: سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ أَوْ تِسْعٍ وَخَمْسِينَ. وَقِيلَ تُوُفِّيَ بَعْدَ مَقْتَلِ عُثْمَانَ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَمَخْرَمَةُ بْنُ نَوْفَلٍ وَمَخْرَمَةُ بْنُ نَوْفَلٍ، وَهُوَ مِنْ مُسْلِمَةِ الْفَتْحِ، وَعُمُرُهُ مِائَةُ سَنَةٍ وَخَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً: يَزِيدُ بْنُ شَجَرَةَ الرُّهَاوِيُّ وَفِيهَا قُتِلَ يَزِيدُ بْنُ شَجَرَةَ الرُّهَاوِيُّ فِي غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا، وَقِيلَ: سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ وَخَمْسِينَ.

Translation

✧ Those who died in this year Thawbān, the freedman of the Messenger of God ﷺ, Thawbān b. Bujdud the freedman of the Messenger of God ﷺ. His biography has been given earlier among the freedmen and among those who served him ﷺ. Thawbān’s origin was from the Arabs, but he was taken captive, and the Messenger of God ﷺ bought him and manumitted him. He stayed close to the Messenger of God ﷺ in travel and at home. When the Prophet ﷺ died, he settled in al-Ramlah, then moved from there to Ḥimṣ where he built a house and remained until he died in this year, according to the sound report. It is also said: in the year 44 AH, but that is a mistake. It is said that he died in Egypt, but the sound report is that he died in Ḥimṣ. Al-Ḥārith b. Ribʿī, Abū Qatādah al-Anṣārī: Al-Ḥārith b. Ribʿī, Abū Qatādah al-Anṣārī: Al-Wāqidī said: His name was al-Nuʿmān. Al-Haytham b. ʿAdī said: His name was ʿAmr. The first is more correct. He witnessed the battles after Badr and was present with ʿAlī at the fighting against the Kharijites at al-Nahrawān. It has been said that he died during ʿAlī’s caliphate and that ʿAlī prayed over him, but that is not sound; rather he lived after him. From Yaḥyā b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Qatādah, who said: Abū Qatādah died in Madinah in the year 54 AH at the age of seventy. Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām b. Khuwaylid b. Asad b. ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā: Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām b. Khuwaylid b. Asad b. ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā: He was born twelve years before the Year of the Elephant. He was dark-skinned, very dark, and thin. From Muṣʿab b. ʿUthmān, who said: The mother of Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām entered the Kaʿbah with a group of Quraysh women while she was pregnant with Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām. Labor pains struck her inside the Kaʿbah, and a leather mat was brought to her because the birth came upon her suddenly. She gave birth to Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām inside the Kaʿbah on the leather mat. Ḥakīm was one of the leaders of Quraysh in the Jāhiliyyah and in Islam. From Muḥammad b. al-Ḍaḥḥāk, from his father, who said: No one of Quraysh entered Dār al-Nadwah for consultation until he reached the age of forty, except Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām; he entered it when he was fifteen years old. From Abū Ḥabībah, the freedman of al-Zubayr, who said: I heard Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām say: I was born thirteen years before the coming of the Companions of the Elephant, and I was able to understand when ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib wanted to slaughter his son ʿAbd Allāh until his vow was fulfilled. That was five years before the birth of the Messenger of God ﷺ. Muḥammad b. ʿUmar said: Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām was present with his father at the war of al-Fijār, and his father Ḥizām was killed in the last Fijār. Ḥakīm had the kunyah Abū Khālid and had a number of children, all of whom reached the time of the Messenger of God ﷺ and became Muslims on the day of the conquest. Muḥammad b. ʿUmar said: Ibrāhīm b. Jaʿfar b. Maḥmūd reported to us from his father and others, who said: Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām wept, and his son said to him: What makes you weep, father? He said: Several things have made me weep. The first of them is my late acceptance of Islam, so that I was preceded in many virtuous stations. I was saved on the day of Badr and the day of Uḥud, and I said to myself: I will not leave Makkah nor be stationed with Quraysh as long as I live, so I stayed in Makkah. But God refused to open my heart to Islam, because I looked at the remnants of Quraysh who were elders clinging to their affairs of the Jāhiliyyah and I followed their example. Would that I had not followed their example, for nothing destroyed us except our following the example of our fathers and our leaders. When the Messenger of God ﷺ raided Makkah, I began to think, and Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb came to me and said: Abū Khālid, by God I fear that Muḥammad will come upon us with the hosts of Yathrib. Will you come with me to a high place to seek news? I said: Yes. So we went out talking as we walked, until when we were at Marr al-Ẓahrān, there was the Messenger of God ﷺ among the dark mass of people. Al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib met Abū Sufyān and took him to the Messenger of God ﷺ. I returned to Makkah, entered my house, and the people were granted safety. Then I came to him ﷺ at al-Baṭḥāʾ, accepted Islam, believed him, and bore witness that what he brought was true. I went out with him to Ḥunayn. He gave men from the spoils and wealth, and I asked him then and the awl was attached. From Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām, who said: I asked the Messenger of God ﷺ when he was at Ḥunayn for a hundred camels, and he gave them to me. Then I asked him for a hundred more, and he gave them to me. Then the Messenger of God ﷺ said: “O Ḥakīm, this wealth is green and sweet. Whoever takes it with generosity of soul will be blessed in it, and whoever takes it with greed of soul will not be blessed in it, and will be like one who eats but is never satisfied. The upper hand is better than the lower hand, and begin with those you support.” Ḥakīm used to say: By the One who sent you with truth, I will never take anything from anyone after you until I leave this world. Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq used to invite Ḥakīm to give him something, but he refused to accept anything from him. ʿUmar used to invite Ḥakīm to his stipend, but he refused to take it. ʿUmar would say: O people, I call you to witness concerning Ḥakīm that I invite him to his stipend and he refuses to take it. Ḥakīm never took anything from anyone after the Messenger of God ﷺ until he died. From Hishām b. ʿUrwah, from his father: Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām manumitted a hundred slaves in the Jāhiliyyah and equipped a hundred camels, then he manumitted a hundred slaves in Islam and equipped a hundred camels. Then he came to the Messenger of God ﷺ and said: O Messenger of God, do you think that what I did in the Jāhiliyyah, seeking reward thereby, will bring me any reward? The Messenger of God ﷺ said: “You have accepted Islam upon the good that has preceded from you.” From al-Zubayr b. Bakkār, who said: My uncle Muṣʿab b. ʿAbd Allāh narrated to me, saying: Islam came while Ḥakīm held the rifādah (providing food for pilgrims) and Dār al-Nadwah was in his hand. He later sold it to Muʿāwiyah for a hundred thousand dirhams. ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Zubayr said to him: You have sold the honor of Quraysh. Ḥakīm said: Honors are gone except piety, O son of my brother. I have bought with it a house in Paradise. I call you to witness that I have made it in the way of God. He used to do good deeds and maintain ties of kinship. He lived sixty years in the Jāhiliyyah and sixty years in Islam. From Abū Bakr b. Sulaymān, who said: Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām performed the pilgrimage with a hundred camels [which he had brought as sacrificial animals], covered them with ḥibarah cloth, and placed the cloth on their hindquarters. He stood a hundred slave boys on the day of ʿArafah with silver collars on their necks, on which was engraved “freedmen of God from Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām,” and he manumitted them and offered a thousand sheep. Al-Zubayr b. Bakkār said: Ibrāhīm b. Ḥamzah informed me: The polytheists of Quraysh besieged the Banū Hāshim in the mountain pass, and Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām used to have caravans bringing wheat from Syria. He would bring them to the pass, then strike their hindquarters so they entered upon them, and they took the wheat that was on them. Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām said: I used to deal in cloth in the Jāhiliyyah, and I was a merchant who traveled to Yemen and to Syria on the two journeys. I used to earn great profits and give to the poor of my people. We did not worship anything, seeking thereby wealth and love among the tribe. I used to attend the markets. We had three markets: a market at ʿUkāẓ that began on the morning of the new moon of Dhū al-Qaʿdah and lasted twenty days, attended by the Arabs. There I bought Zayd b. Ḥārithah for my aunt Khadījah bt. Khuwaylid when he was a boy; I bought him for six hundred dirhams. When the Messenger of God ﷺ married Khadījah, he asked her for Zayd, and she gave him to him, and the Messenger of God ﷺ manumitted him. There I also bought the ḥullah of Dhū Yazan, which I gave as clothing to the Messenger of God ﷺ. I never saw anyone more beautiful or more handsome than the Messenger of God ﷺ in that ḥullah. He said: It is said that Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām brought the ḥullah during the truce of al-Ḥudaybiyah while he was heading to Syria with a caravan, and he sent the ḥullah to the Messenger of God ﷺ. The Messenger of God ﷺ refused to accept it and said: “I do not accept the gift of a polytheist.” Ḥakīm said: I was extremely distressed when he returned my gift, and I sold it in the market of al-Nabaṭ to the first buyer who offered a price. The Messenger of God ﷺ secretly sent Zayd b. Ḥārithah to buy it, and I later saw the Messenger of God ﷺ wearing it. The market of Majannah lasted ten days, until when we saw the new moon of Dhū al-Ḥijjah we departed and ended at the market of Dhū al-Majāz, which was held for eight days. At all these markets the Messenger of God ﷺ met the tribes during the pilgrimage seasons, presenting himself to tribe after tribe and calling them to God Almighty, but I saw no one respond. Quraysh were the harshest tribe against him, until his Lord, Mighty and Majestic, sent a people whom He intended to honor this quarter, the Anṣār. They pledged allegiance to him, believed in him, and offered themselves and their wealth to him, and God made for him a place of emigration. When Muʿāwiyah performed the pilgrimage, he bargained with me for my house in Makkah, and I sold it to him for forty thousand dinars. I heard that Ibn al-Zubayr said: This old man does not know what he is selling; his sale will certainly be returned to him. I said: By God, I only bought it for a skin of wine. Ḥakīm used to buy mounts, equipment, and provisions, and no one came to him asking for a mount for the sake of God but he provided it. In the year Muʿāwiyah performed the pilgrimage, he passed by Ḥakīm when he was a hundred and twenty years old. He sent him a milch camel [from whose milk he could drink, after he had asked him what food he ate, and he said: As for chewing, I have no chewing left. So he sent him a milch camel] as a gift, but he refused to accept it and said: I have not taken anything from anyone after the Prophet ﷺ. Abū Bakr and ʿUmar ؓ called me to my right and I refused. He died in Madinah in this year at the age of one hundred and twenty. Ḥuwayṭib b. ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā: Ḥuwayṭib b. ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā b. Abī Qays b. ʿAbd Wudd b. Naṣr b. Mālik b. Ḥasl, Abū Muḥammad: He accepted Islam on the day of the conquest and accompanied the Messenger of God ﷺ. He was one of the group whom ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb ordered to renew the boundary markers of the Ḥaram. From Ibrāhīm b. Jaʿfar b. Maḥmūd b. Maslamah al-Ashhalī, from his father, who said: Ḥuwayṭib b. ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā reached the age of one hundred and twenty: sixty in the Jāhiliyyah and sixty in Islam. When Marwān b. al-Ḥakam governed Madinah in his first tenure, Ḥuwayṭib entered upon him with venerable elders: Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām and Makhramah b. Nawfal. They conversed with him and then dispersed. One day after that, Ḥuwayṭib entered upon him and conversed with him. Marwān said to him: How old are you? He told him. Marwān said to him: Your Islam was delayed, old man, until the young ones preceded you. Ḥuwayṭib said: God is the one sought for help. By God, I intended to accept Islam time after time, but each time your father prevented me, saying: Would you abandon your honor and abandon the religion of your fathers for a new religion and become a follower? He said: Marwān fell silent and regretted what had happened. He said: Then Ḥuwayṭib said: Did not ʿUthmān tell you what he met from your father when he accepted Islam? Marwān became more distressed. Then Ḥuwayṭib said: There was no one among the elders of Quraysh who remained on the religion of their people until Makkah was conquered who was more averse to what he was upon than I, but the decrees are God’s. I witnessed Badr with the polytheists and saw lessons: I saw the angels killing and taking captives between heaven and earth. I said: This is a man who is protected. But I did not mention what I saw. We fled back to Makkah, and we stayed in Makkah, accepting Islam man by man. When the day of al-Ḥudaybiyah came, I was present and witnessed the peace treaty and worked for it until it was concluded. All the while I wanted Islam, but God refused except what He willed. When we wrote the treaty of al-Ḥudaybiyah, I was one of its witnesses. I said: Quraysh will see nothing from Muḥammad except what displeases them. I was content that I defended with the palm branch. When the Messenger of God ﷺ came in the year of the fulfilled pilgrimage, Quraysh left Makkah, and I was among those who stayed behind in Makkah, along with Suhayl b. ʿAmr. The Messenger of God ﷺ was not to leave when the time had passed—that is, three days. When the three days had elapsed, Suhayl b. ʿAmr and I approached and said: Your condition has expired, so leave our land with those who are with you. He called out: O Bilāl, the sun must not set while any Muslim who came with us remains in Makkah. From al-Mundhir b. Jahm, who said: Ḥuwayṭib said: When the Messenger of God ﷺ entered Makkah in the year of the conquest, I was extremely afraid. I left my house and dispersed my family in places where they would be safe. Then I reached the walled garden of ʿAwf and was inside it when I saw Abū Dharr al-Ghifārī, with whom I had a close friendship. When I saw him, I fled from him. He said: Abū Muḥammad! I said: At your service. He said: What is the matter with you? I said: Fear. He said: You have nothing to fear. Come, you are safe by God’s protection. I returned to him and greeted him. He said to me: Go to your home. I said: Is there any way to my home? By God, I do not think I can reach my house alive before I am met and killed, or someone enters upon me in my house and kills me, and my family are in scattered places. He said: Gather your family with you in one place, and I will accompany you to your home. He accompanied me and began calling at my door: Ḥuwayṭib is under protection, so let him not be disturbed. Then he went to the Messenger of God ﷺ and informed him. He said: “Have we not granted safety to all people except those you ordered to be killed?” I was reassured and returned my family to their places. Abū Dharr came back to me and said: O Abū Muḥammad, until when, and how long? You have been preceded in all stations, and much good has passed you by, but much good remains. Come to the Messenger of God ﷺ and accept Islam and you will be safe. The Messenger of God ﷺ is the most righteous, the most maintaining of ties, and the most forbearing of people. I said: I will go out with you and come to him. I went out with him until I came to the Messenger of God ﷺ at al-Baṭḥāʾ, with Abū Bakr and ʿUmar beside him. I stood at his head, having asked Abū Dharr: How should one greet him? He said: Say: Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of God. He said: “And upon you be peace. Are you Ḥuwayṭib?” I said: Yes. I bear witness that there is no god but God and that you are the Messenger of God. He said: “Praise be to God who has guided you.” He rejoiced at my Islam and asked me for a loan, and I lent him forty thousand dirhams. I witnessed with him Ḥunayn and al-Ṭāʾif, and he gave me from the spoils of Ḥunayn a hundred camels. After that Ḥuwayṭib came to Madinah and settled there, and he had a house there. From ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Abī al-Zinād, from his father, who said: Ḥuwayṭib sold his house in Makkah to Muʿāwiyah for forty thousand dinars. It was said to him: O Abū Muḥammad, forty thousand dinars? He said: What are forty thousand dinars to a man who has five dependents? Ḥuwayṭib died in Madinah in this year at the age of one hundred and twenty. Saʿīd b. Yarbūʿ b. ʿAnkathah b. ʿĀmir b. Makhzūm Saʿīd b. Yarbūʿ b. ʿAnkathah b. ʿĀmir b. Makhzūm: He embraced Islam on the day of the conquest, and he witnessed with the Messenger of God ﷺ Ḥunayn, and he gave him from its spoils fifty camels. He was among those who would renew the boundary markers of the sanctuary every year, being knowledgeable of them, until he lost his sight at the end of the caliphate of ʿUmar ؓ. He died in Madinah in this year, and he was one hundred and twenty years old. Sawdah bt. Zamʿah Sawdah bt. Zamʿah b. Qays b. ʿAbd Shams b. ʿAbd Wudd: Al-Sakrān b. ʿAmr married her, and they both embraced Islam and went out to Abyssinia in the second emigration. When he arrived in Makkah, he died, so the Messenger of God ﷺ sent to her and proposed to her and married her. She was the first woman he married after Khadījah, and that was in Ramaḍān in the tenth year of prophethood. He consummated the marriage with her in Makkah. She had grown old, so he wanted to divorce her, and she said: "Leave me so that I may be gathered among the company of your wives, and my night is for ʿĀʾishah." It was said: He divorced her, and when she said this, he took her back. She died in Shawwāl of this year in Madinah. Murrah b. Shurāḥabīl al-Hamdānī Murrah b. Shurāḥabīl al-Hamdānī: He was called Murrah al-Khayr and Murrah al-Ṭayyib; he was named that because of his devotion. He narrated from Abū Bakr, ʿUmar, ʿAlī, and Ibn Masʿūd. He was very constant in prayer; the marks of bowing and prostration were visible on his face and his palms. From ʿAṭāʾ b. al-Sāʾib, who said: Murrah used to pray a thousand rakʿahs every day and night. When he became heavy and corpulent, he prayed four hundred rakʿahs. You would look at his places of prostration as if they were the kneeling places of camels. From al-Ḥārith al-Ghanawī, who said: Murrah al-Hamdānī prostrated until the dust consumed his forehead. When he died, a man of his family saw him in a dream as if the place of his prostration was like a brilliant star gleaming. I said to him: "What is this that I see on your face?" He said: "The place of prostration was clothed with light because the dust consumed it." He said: "And what is your station in Paradise?" He said: "The best station, an abode whose people do not move from it and do not die." Al-Nuʿaymān b. ʿAmr b. Rifāʿah b. al-Ḥārith al-Nuʿaymān b. ʿAmr b. Rifāʿah b. al-Ḥārith: He witnessed Badr and all the battles with the Messenger of God ﷺ. He was brought once after another for drinking nabīdh, so a man said: "O God, curse him, how often he drinks and how often he is flogged!" The Prophet ﷺ said: "Do not curse him, for he loves God and His Messenger." Usāmah b. Zayd Usāmah b. Zayd b. Ḥārithah al-Kalbī, Abū Muḥammad al-Madanī, client of the Messenger of God ﷺ and son of his client, and his beloved and son of his beloved. His mother Barakah, Umm Ayman, was the client of the Messenger of God ﷺ and his nurse. The Messenger of God ﷺ appointed him to command after the killing of his father. Some people disparaged his command, so the Messenger of God ﷺ said: "If you disparage his command, you have disparaged the command of his father before him. By God, he was indeed worthy of command, and he was among the most beloved of people to me, and this one is among the most beloved of people to me after him." It is established in "Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī" from him that the Messenger of God ﷺ would sit al-Ḥasan on one thigh and sit Usāmah on his other thigh and say: "O God, I love them both, so love them both." His virtues are very numerous. The Messenger of God ﷺ died when he was nineteen years old. When ʿUmar met him, he would say: "Peace be upon you, O commander." From ʿĀʾishah, who said: Usāmah stumbled on the threshold of the door and his forehead was cut. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: "O ʿĀʾishah, wipe the blood from him." ʿĀʾishah found it disgusting. She said: The Messenger of God ﷺ began to suck his wound and spit it out and say: "If Usāmah were a girl, I would clothe him and adorn him until I made him desirable." From Hishām b. ʿUrwah, from his father: The Messenger of God ﷺ delayed the departure from ʿArafah because of Usāmah b. Zayd, waiting for him. A flat-nosed, black boy came, and the people of Yemen said: "We were only detained because of this one." From Muḥammad b. Sīrīn, who said: A palm tree reached a thousand dirhams in the time of ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān. He said: Usāmah went to a palm tree, pierced it, and took out its heart, and fed it to his mother. They said to him: "What makes you do this when you see that the palm tree has reached a thousand dirhams?" He said: "My mother asked me for it, and she does not ask me for anything I am able to do but that I give it to her." Usāmah lived after the Messenger of God ﷺ in Wādī al-Qurā, then he came down to Madinah and died at al-Jurf, and he was carried to Madinah. Abū ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-Barr affirmed that he died in this year. Others said: in the year fifty-eight or fifty-nine. It was also said that he died after the killing of ʿUthmān. God knows best. And Makhramah b. Nawfal and Makhramah b. Nawfal, and he was among the Muslims of the conquest, and his age was one hundred and fifteen years: Yazīd b. Shajarah al-Ruhāwī In this year Yazīd b. Shajarah al-Ruhāwī was killed in a raid he undertook, and it was said: in the year fifty-eight.

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