Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2152
The caliphate of Muʿāwiyah b. Abī Sufyān
مَنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ مِنَ الْأَكَابِرِ جبير بن مطعم بن عدي جُبَيْرُ بْنُ مُطْعِمِ بْنِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ نَوْفَلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ : كَانَ أَبُوهُ مِنْ أَشْرَافِ قُرَيْشٍ، وَقَدِمَ جُبَيْرٌ فِي فِدَاءِ أُسَارَى بَدْرٍ، قَالَ: فَنِمْتُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ، فَأُقِيمَتِ الْمَغْرِبُ، فَقُمْتُ فَزِعًا بِقِرَاءَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَاسْتَمَعْتُ قِرَاءَتَهُ حَتَّى خَرَجْتُ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ، فَذَاكَ أَوَّلُ يَوْمٍ دَخَلَ الْإِسْلَامُ فِي قَلْبِي. وَأَسْلَمَ قَبْلَ الْفَتْحِ، وَنَزَلَ الْمَدِينَةَ، وَمَاتَ فِي وَسَطِ خِلَافَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ. جويرية بنت الحارث بن أبي ضرار جُوَيْرِيَّةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ أَبِي ضِرَارٍ : سُبِيَتْ فِي غَزْوَةِ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلَقِ، فَوَقَعَتْ فِي سَهْمِ ثَابِتِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، فَكَاتَبَهَا، فَأَدَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ كِتَابَتَهَا وَتَزَوَّجَهَا. وَكَانَتْ كَثِيرَةَ التَّسْبِيحِ وَالتَّقْدِيسِ وَالذِّكْرِ. وَتُوُفِّيَتْ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَهِيَ بِنْتُ خَمْسٍ وَسِتِّينَ [سَنَةً ]. حسان بن ثابت حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتِ [بْنِ الْمُنْذِرِ ] بْنِ حَرَامِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ زَيْدِ مَنَاةَ بْنِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ النَّجَّارِ، أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ : كَانَ مِنْ فُحُولِ شُعَرَاءِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، وَكَانَ يَضْرِبُ رَوْثَةَ أَنْفِهِ مِنْ طُولِهِ وَيَقُولُ: مَا يَسُرُّنِي بِهِ مَقُولٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ، وَاللَّهِ لَوْ وَضَعْتُهُ عَلَى شَعْرٍ لَحَلَقَهُ أَوْ عَلَى صَخْرٍ لَفَلَقَهُ. وَكَانَ يَفِدُ عَلَى مُلُوكِ غَسَّانَ، وَيَمْدَحُهُمْ. أَسْلَمَ قَدِيمًا وَلَمْ يَشْهَدْ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَشْهَدًا، كَانَ يَجْبُنُ. عَاشَ سِتِّينَ [سَنَةً ] فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَسِتِّينَ [سَنَةً ] فِي الْإِسْلَامِ، وَوَهَبَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ شِيرِينَ أُخْتَ مَارِيَةَ، فَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ، وَكَانَتْ لَهُ بِنْتٌ تَقُولُ الشِّعْرَ، وَكَانَ رُبَّمَا قَالَ بَيْتًا فَوَقَفَ مَا بَعْدَهُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَتْهُ، فَقَالَ لَهَا: لَا قُلْتُ شِعْرًا وَأَنْتِ حَيَّةٌ، فَقَالَتْ: لَا بَلْ أَنَا لَا أَقُولُ الشِّعْرَ وَأَنْتَ حَيٌّ. وَكَانَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ مِنَ الشُّعَرَاءِ الَّذِينَ هَجَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابَهُ، أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، وَعَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ، وَابْنُ الزَّبَعْرَى، وَكَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، حَسَّانُ، وَابْنُ رَوَاحَةَ، وَكَعْبُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ. وَكَانَ حَسَّانُ يَذْكُرُ عُيُوبَ الْقَوْمِ وَآثَامَهُمْ، وَكَانَ ابْنُ رَوَاحَةَ يُعَيِّرُهُمْ بِالْكُفْرِ، وَكَانَ كَعْبٌ يَذْكُرُ الْحَرْبَ وَيَقُولُ: فَعَلْنَا بِهِمْ وَفَعَلْنَا، وَيَتَهَدَّدُهُمْ، فَكَانَ أَشَدُّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ قَوْلَ حَسَّانَ، وَأَهْوَنُهُ قَوْلَ ابْنِ رَوَاحَةَ. فَلَمَّا أَسْلَمُوا كَانَ أَشَدُّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ قَوْلَ ابْنِ رَوَاحَةَ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ قَالَ لِلْأَنْصَارِ: مَا يَمْنَعُ الْقَوْمَ الَّذِينَ نَصَرُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِسِلَاحِهِمْ وَأَنْفُسِهِمْ أَنْ يَنْصُرُوهُ بِأَلْسِنَتِهِمْ. فَقَالَ حَسَّانُ: أَنَا لَهَا، قَالَ: كَيْفَ تَهْجُوهُمْ وَأَنَا مِنْهُمْ، قَالَ: إِنِّي أَسُلُّكَ مِنْهُمْ كَمَا تُسَلُّ الشَّعْرَةُ مِنَ الْعَجِينِ. عَنْ عَائِشَةَ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَضَعَ لِحَسَّانَ مِنْبَرًا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ يُنَافِحُ عَنْهُ بِالشِّعْرِ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَيُؤَيِّدُ حَسَّانَ بِرُوحِ الْقُدُسِ يُنَافِحُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ". من شعر حسان بن ثابت وَقَالَ حَسَّانُ فِي فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ: فَإِمَّا تُعْرِضُوا عَنَّا اعْتَمَرْنَا وَكَانَ الْفَتْحُ وَانْكَشَفَ الْغِطَاءُ وَإِلَّا فَاصْبِرُوا لِجِلَادِ يَوْمٍ يُعِينُ اللَّهُ فِيهِ مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَقَالَ اللَّهُ قَدْ يَسَّرْتُ جُنْدًا هُمُ الْأَنْصَارُ عُرْضْتُهَا اللِّقَاءُ وَجِبْرِيلُ أَمِينُ اللَّهِ فِينَا وَرُوحُ الْقُدُسِ لَيْسَ بِهِ كَفَاءُ أَلَا أَبْلِغْ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ عَنِّي فَأَنْتَ مُجَوَّفٌ نَخِبٌ هَوَاءُ يَعْنِي أَبَا سُفْيَانَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يُهَاجِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسْلِمَ. وَلِحَسَّانَ: هَجَوْتَ مُحَمَّدًا فَأَجَبْتُ عَنْهُ وَعِنْدَ اللَّهِ فِي ذَاكَ الْجَزَاءُ أَتَهْجُوهُ وَلَسْتَ لَهُ بِكُفْءٍ فَشَرُّكُمَا لِخَيْرِكُمَا الْفِدَاءُ فَإِنَّ أَبِي وَوَالِدَتِي وَعِرْضِي لِعَرْضِ مُحَمَّدٍ مِنْكُمْ وِقَاءُ لِسَانِي صَارِمٌ لَا عَيْبَ فِيهِ وَبَحْرِي مَا تُكَدِّرُهُ الدِّلَاءُ وعَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: عَاشَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ مِائَةَ سَنَةٍ وَأَرْبَعَ سِنِينَ، وَعَاشَ أَبُوهُ ثَابِتٌ مِائَةَ سَنَةٍ وَأَرْبَعَ سِنِينَ، وَكَانَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ إِذَا حَدَّثَنَا بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ اشْرَأَبَّ لَهَا وَثَنَى رِجْلَيْهِ عَلَى مِثْلِهَا، فَمَاتَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَمَانٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ. الْحَكَمُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْغِفَارِيُّ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْغِفَارِيُّ: صَحِبَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى قُبِضَ، ثُمَّ تَحَوَّلَ إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ، فَوَلَّاهُ زِيَادُ بْنُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ خُرَاسَانَ. وَتُوُفِّيَ بِخُرَاسَانَ سَنَةَ خَمْسِينَ. ويُقَالُ: إِنَّهُ حُبِسَ إِلَى أَنَّ مَاتَ بِمَرْوَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. وَقِيلَ: فِي سَنَةِ إِحْدَى وَخَمْسِينَ. رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ. وَيُقَالُ لَهُ: الْحَكَمُ بْنُ الْأَقْرَعِ. لَهُ عِنْدَ الْبُخَارِيِّ حَدِيثٌ وَاحِدٌ فِي النَّهْيِ عَنْ لُحُومِ الْحُمُرِ الْإِنْسِيَّةِ. دِحْيَةُ بْنُ خَلِيفَةَ بْنِ فَرْوَةَ بْنِ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ دِحْيَةُ بْنُ خَلِيفَةَ بْنِ فَرْوَةَ بْنِ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ : أَسْلَمَ قَدِيمًا وَلَمْ يَشْهَدْ بَدْرًا، وَشَهِدَ مَا بَعْدَهَا، وَكَانَ جِبْرِيلُ يَأْتِي فِي صُورَتِهِ، وَبَعَثَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَرِيَّةً وَحْدَهُ، وَبَعَثَ مَعَهُ كِتَابًا إِلَى قَيْصَرَ. وقد شَهِدَ الْيَرْمُوكَ وَأَقَامَ بِالْمِزَّةِ غَرْبِيَّ دِمَشْقَ إِلَى أَنْ مَاتَ فِي خِلَافَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ. صَفِيَّةُ بِنْتُ حُيَيِّ بْنِ أَخْطَبَ صَفِيَّةُ بِنْتُ حُيَيِّ بْنِ أَخْطَبَ مِنْ سِبْطِ هَارُونَ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ: كَانَ اصْطَفَاهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ، وَقِيلَ: اشْتَرَاهَا مِنْ دِحْيَةَ بِسَبْعَةِ أَرْؤُسٍ فَأَسْلَمَتْ وَأَعْتَقَهَا وَتَزَوَّجَهَا، وَجَعَلَ عِتْقَهَا مَهْرَهَا. وَرَأَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَثَرَ خُضْرَةٍ قَرِيبًا مِنْ عُنُقِهَا، فَقَالَ: مَا هَذَا ؟ فَقَالَتْ رَأَيْتُ فِي الْمَنَامِ قَمَرًا أَقْبَلَ مِنْ يَثْرِبَ فَوَقَعَ فِي حِجْرِي، فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِزَوْجِي كِنَانَةَ، فَقَالَ: أَتُحِبِّينَ أَنْ تَكُونِي تَحْتَ هَذَا الْمَلِكِ الَّذِي يَأْتِي مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ ؟ فَضَرَبَ وَجْهِي. فَلَمَّا رَحَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ خَيْبَرَ وَقَدْ طَهُرَتْ، مَالَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُعَرِّسَ بِهَا، فَأَبَتْ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ بِالصَّهْبَاءِ عَرَّسَ بِهَا هُنَاكَ، فَقَالَ: مَا حَمَلَكِ عَلَى مَا صَنَعْتِ فِي الْمَنْزِلِ الْأَوَّلِ ؟ قَالَتْ: خَشِيتُ عَلَيْكَ قُرْبَ يَهُودٍ، فَزَادَهَا ذَلِكَ عِنْدَهُ. [تُوُفِّيَتْ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ ]، وَدُفِنَتْ بِالْبَقِيعِ. وَقِيلَ: تُوُفِّيَتْ أَيَّامَ عُمَرَ. عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَمُرَةَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ حَبِيبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، يُكَنَّى أَبَا سَعِيدٍ . وَكَانَ اسْمُهُ عَبْدَ الْكَعْبَةِ، فَلَمَّا أَسْلَمَ سَمَّاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ، وَاسْتَعْمَلَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَامِرٍ عَلَى سِجِسْتَانَ، وَغَزَا خُرَاسَانَ وَفَتَحَ بِهَا فُتُوحًا، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ، فَأَقَامَ بِهَا حَتَّى مَاتَ. وعن أَبُو ] مُوسَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، قَالَ: مَاتَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَمُرَةَ سَنَةَ خَمْسِينَ. وَقَالَ خَلِيفَةُ بْنُ خَيَّاطٍ: سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَخَمْسِينَ. عَمْرُو [بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ ] بْنِ خُوَيْلِدٍ، أَبُو أُمَيَّةَ الضَّمْرِيُّ عَمْرُو [بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ ] بْنِ خُوَيْلِدٍ، أَبُو أُمَيَّةَ الضَّمْرِيُّ : شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَأُحُدًا مَعَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، وَكَانَ شُجَاعًا، ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَ، فَأَوَّلُ مَشْهَدٍ شَهِدَهُ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ بِئْرُ مَعُونَةَ، فَأَسَرَتْهُ بَنُو عَامِرٍ يَوْمَئِذٍ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عَامِرُ بْنُ الطُّفَيْلِ: إِنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ عَلَى أُمِّي نَسَمَةٌ فَأَنْتَ حُرٌّ عَنْهَا، فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ مِنْ بِئْرِ مَعُونَةَ لَقِيَ رَجُلَيْنِ [مِنْ بَنِي كِلَابٍ ]، فَقَتَلَهُمَا، وَقَدْ كَانَ لَهُمَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَمَانٌ فَوَدَاهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَهُمَا الْقَتِيلَانِ اللَّذَانِ خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ [بِسَبَبِهِمَا ] إِلَى بَنِي النَّضِيرِ يَسْتَعِينُهُمَا فِي دِيَّتِهِمَا. [وَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَمْرَو بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ وَمَعَهُ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ أَسْلَمَ بْنِ حُرَيْشٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ سَرِيَّةً إِلَى مَكَّةَ إِلَى أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بْنِ حَرْبٍ، فَعَلِمَ بِمَكَانِهِمَا، فَطُلِبَا، فَتَوَارَيَا، وَظَفَرَ عَمْرُو بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ فِي تَوَارِيهِ ذَلِكَ فِي الْغَارِ بِنَاحِيَةِ مَكَّةَ بِعُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ التَّيْمِيِّ، فَقَتَلَهُ ]، وَمَضَى فَأَنْزَلَ خُبَيْبًا عَنْ خَشَبَتِهِ. وَبَعَثَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى النَّجَاشِيِّ لِيُزَوِّجَهُ أُمَّ حَبِيبَةَ [بِنْتَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بْنِ حَرْبٍ ]، وَيَحْمِلَ بَقِيَّةَ أَصْحَابِهِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ. وعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْفَغْوَاءِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: دَعَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَقَدْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَبْعَثَنِي بِمَالٍ إِلَى أَبِي سُفْيَانَ يَقْسِمُهُ فِي قُرَيْشٍ بِمَكَّةَ وَذَلِكَ بَعْدَ الْفَتْحِ، فَقَالَ: الْتَمِسْ صَاحِبًا، قَالَ: فَجَاءَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ، فَقَالَ: بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكَ تُرِيدُ الْخُرُوجَ وَتَلْتَمِسُ صَاحِبًا، قُلْتُ: أَجَلْ، قَالَ: فَأَنَا لَكَ صَاحِبٌ، قَالَ: فَجِئْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ: قَدْ وَجَدْتُ صَاحِبًا، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: إِذَا وَجَدْتَ صَاحِبًا فَأْذَنِّي، فَقَالَ: مَنْ ؟ قُلْتُ: عَمْرُو بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ، فَقَالَ: إِذَا هَبَطْتَ إِلَى بِلَادِ قَوْمِهِ فَاحْذَرْهُ، فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ قَالَ الْقَائِلُ: أَخُوكَ الْبَكْرِيُّ فَلَا تَأْمَنْهُ. قَالَ: فَخَرَجْنَا حَتَّى جِئْتُ الْأَبْوَاءَ، قَالَ: إِنِّي أُرِيدُ حَاجَةً إِلَى قَوْمِي بِوَدَّانَ فَتَلَبَّثْ لِي، قَالَ: قُلْتُ رَاشِدًا، فَلَمَّا وَلَّى ذَكَرْتُ قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَشَدَدْتُ عَلَى بَعِيرِي ثُمَّ خَرَجْتُ أُوضِعُهُ حَتَّى إِذَا كُنْتُ بِالْأَضَافِرِ إِذَا هُوَ يُعَارِضُنِي فِي رَهْطٍ. قَالَ: فَأَوْضَعْتُ فَسَبَقْتُهُ، فَلَمَّا رَآنِي قَدْ فُتُّهُ انْصَرَفُوا، وَجَاءَنِي فَقَالَ: كَانَتْ لِي إِلَى قَوْمِي حَاجَةٌ، قُلْتُ: أَجَلْ. وَمَضَيْنَا حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا مَكَّةَ، فَدَفَعْتُ الْمَالَ إِلَى أَبِي سُفْيَانَ. عقيل بن أبي طالب عَقِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ: وَأُمُّهُ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ أَسَدٍ، وَكَانَ أَسَنَّ وَلَدِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ بَعْدَ طَالِبٍ، وَكَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ طَالِبٍ عَشْرُ سِنِينَ، ثُمَّ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ جَعْفَرٍ عَشْرُ سِنِينَ، ثُمَّ بَيْنَ جَعْفَرٍ وَبَيْنَ عَلِيٍّ عَشْرُ سِنِينَ، وَكَانَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ أَصْغَرَهُمْ سِنًّا وَأَقْدَمَهُمْ إِسْلَامًا. وَأُخْرِجَ عَقِيلٌ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ مَعَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ مُكْرَهًا، فَشَهِدَهَا وَأُسِرَ، فَفَدَاهُ الْعَبَّاسُ. وَمَاتَ عَقِيلٌ بَعْدَ مَا عَمِيَ بَصَرُهُ [فِي خِلَافَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ ]. عُتْبَانُ بْنُ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَجْلَانِ [عُتْبَانُ بْنُ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَجْلَانِ : شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَأُحُدًا وَالْخَنْدَقَ وَذَهَبَ بَصَرُهُ ]. أُمُّ شُرَيْكٍ، وَاسْمُهَا غُزَيَّةُ بِنْتُ جَابِرِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ الدَّوْسِيَّةُ أُمُّ شُرَيْكٍ، وَاسْمُهَا غُزَيَّةُ بِنْتُ جَابِرِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ الدَّوْسِيَّةُ: وَهِيَ الَّتِي وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ. وَاخْتَلَفُوا هَلْ قَبِلَهَا أَمْ لَا ؟ عَلَى قَوْلَيْنِ، أَحَدُهُمَا أَنَّهُ قَبِلَهَا وَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا، وَالثَّانِي أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَقْبَلْهَا، فَلَمْ تَتَزَوَّجْ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ. وعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: وَقَعَ فِي قَلْبِ أُمِّ شُرَيْكٍ الْإِسْلَامُ فَأَسْلَمَتْ وَهِيَ بِمَكَّةَ، وَكَانَتْ تَحْتَ أَبِي الْعُكَيْرِ الدَّوْسِيِّ، ثُمَّ جَعَلَتْ تَدْخُلُ عَلَى نِسَاءِ قُرَيْشٍ سِرًّا فَتَدْعُوهُنَّ وَتُرَغِّبُهُنَّ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ حَتَّى ظَهَرَ أَمْرُهَا لِأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ، فَأَخَذُوهَا وَقَالُوا: لَوْلَا قَوْمُكِ لَفَعَلْنَا بِكِ وَفَعَلْنَا وَلَكِنَّا سَنَرُدُّكِ إِلَيْهِمْ. قَالَتْ: فَحَمَلُونِي عَلَى بَعِيرٍ لَيْسَ تَحْتِي شَيْءٌ، ثُمَّ تَرَكُونِي ثَلَاثًا لَا يُطْعِمُونِي وَلَا يَسْقُونِي، وَكَانُوا إِذَا نَزَلُوا مَنْزِلًا أَوْثَقُونِي فِي الشَّمْسِ وَاسْتَظَلُّوا مِنْهَا وَحَبَسُوا عَنِّي الطَّعَامَ وَالشَّرَابَ فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ قَدْ نَزَلُوا مَنْزِلًا وَأَوْثَقُونِي فِي الشَّمْسِ إِذَا أَنَا بِأَبْرَدِ شَيْءٍ عَلَى صَدْرِي فَتَنَاوَلْتُهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ دَلْوٌ مِنْ مَاءٍ فَشَرِبْتُ مِنْهُ قَلِيلًا ثُمَّ نُزِعَ عَنِّي ثُمَّ عَادَ فَتَنَاوَلْتُهُ ثُمَّ رُفِعَ، ثُمَّ عَادَ فَتَنَاوَلْتُهُ ثُمَّ رُفِعَ مِرَارًا ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَشَرِبْتُ حَتَّى رَوِيتُ ثُمَّ أَفْضَيْتُ سَائِرَهُ عَلَى جَسَدِي وَثِيَابِي، فَلَمَّا اسْتَيْقَظُوا إِذَا هُمْ بِأَثَرِ الْمَاءِ وَرَأَوْنِي حَسَنَةَ الْهَيْئَةِ، فَقَالُوا لِي: انْحَلَلْتِ فَأَخَذْتِ سِقَاءَنَا فَشَرِبْتِ مِنْهُ، قُلْتُ: لَا وَاللَّهِ وَلَكِنَّهُ كَانَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ كَذَا وَكَذَا، قَالُوا: إِنْ كُنْتِ صَادِقَةً لَدِينُكِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ دِينِنَا، فَلَمَّا نَظَرُوا إِلَى أَسْقِيَتِهِمْ وَجَدُوهَا كَمَا تَرَكُوهَا، فَأَسْلَمُوا عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ وَأَقْبَلَتْ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَوَهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِغَيْرِ مَهْرٍ، فَقَبِلَهَا وَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا. الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي عَامِرِ بْنِ مَسْعُودِ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي عَامِرِ بْنِ مَسْعُودِ بْنِ مُعَتِّبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ : كَانَ أَصْهَبَ الشَّعْرِ جَعْدًا، أَقْلَصَ الشَّفَتَيْنِ، ضَخْمَ الْهَامَةِ، أَهْتَمَ، عَبْلَ الذِّرَاعَيْنِ، بَعِيدَ مَا بَيْنَ الْمَنْكِبَيْنِ. قَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ: كُنَّا قَوْمًا مِنَ الْعَرَبِ مُتَمَسِّكِينَ بِدِينِنَا، وَنَحْنُ سَدَنَةُ اللَّاتَ، فَأَجْمَعَ نَفَرٌ مِنْ بَنِي مَالِكٍ الْوُفُودَ عَلَى الْمُقَوْقِسِ وَأَهْدَوْا لَهُ هَدَايَا، فَأَجْمَعْنَا الْخُرُوجَ مَعَهُمْ فَاسْتَشَرْتُ عَمِّي عُرْوَةَ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ فَنَهَانِي وَقَالَ: لَيْسَ مَعَكَ مِنْ بَنِي أَبِيكَ أَحَدٌ، فَأَبَيْتُ إِلَّا الْخُرُوجَ مَعَهُمْ وَلَيْسَ مَعَهُمْ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْأَحْلَافِ غَيْرِي حَتَّى دَخَلْنَا الْإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّةَ، فَإِذَا الْمُقَوْقِسُ فِي مَجْلِسٍ مُطِلٍّ عَلَى الْبَحْرِ، فَرَكِبْتُ زَوْرَقًا حَتَّى حَاذَيْتُ مَجْلِسَهُ، فَنَظَرَ إِلَيَّ فَأَنْكَرَنِي وَأَمَرَ مَنْ يَسْأَلُنِي مَنْ أَنَا وَمَا أُرِيدُ فَسَأَلَنِي الْمَأْمُورُ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِأَمْرِنَا وَقُدُومِنَا عَلَيْهِ، فَأَمَرَنَا أَنْ نَنْزِلَ فِي الْكَنِيسَةِ، وَأَجْرَى عَلَيْنَا ضِيَافَةً ثُمَّ دَعَانَا فَدَخَلْنَا عَلَيْهِ، فَنَظَرَ إِلَى رَأْسِ بَنِي مَالِكٍ، فَأْدَنَاهُ إِلَيْهِ فَأَجْلَسَهُ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ سَأَلَهُ: أَكُلُّ الْقَوْمِ مِنْ بَنِي مَالِكٍ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ إِلَّا رَجُلًا وَاحِدًا مِنَ الْأَحْلَافِ فَعَرَّفَهُ إِيَّايَ، فَكُنْتُ أَهْوَنَ الْقَوْمِ عَلَيْهِ، وَوَضَعُوا هَدَايَاهُمْ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَسُرَّ بِهَا وَأَمَرَ بِقَبْضِهَا، وَأَمَرَ لَهُمْ بِجَوَائِزَ وَفَضَّلَ بَعْضَهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ وَقَصَّرَ بِي وَأَعْطَانِي شَيْئًا قَلِيلًا لَا ذِكْرَ لَهُ، وَخَرَجْنَا وَأَقْبَلَتْ بَنُو مَالِكٍ يَشْتَرُونَ لِأَهْلِيهِمْ وَهُمْ مَسْرُورُونَ، وَلَمْ يَعْرِضْ عَلَيَّ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ مُوَاسَاةً، وَخَرَجُوا وَحَمَلُوا مَعَهُمُ الْخَمْرَ، فَكَانُوا يَشْرَبُونَ وَأَشْرَبُ مَعَهُمْ. وَتَأْبَى نَفْسِي أَنْ يَنْصَرِفُوا إِلَى الطَّائِفِ بِمَا أَصَابُوا وَمَا حَبَاهُمُ [الْمَلِكُ ]، وَيُخْبِرُونَ قَوْمِي بِتَقْصِيرِهِ بِي وَازْدِرَائِهِ إِيَّايَ، فَأَجْمَعْتُ عَلَى قَتْلِهِمْ، فَلَمَّا كُنَّا بِبُسَاقَ تَمَارَضْتُ وَعَصَبْتُ رَأْسِي، فَقَالُوا لِي: مَا لَكَ ؟ قُلْتُ: أُصْدَعُ، فَوَضَعُوا شَرَابَهُمْ وَدَعَوْنِي، فَقُلْتُ رَأْسِي يُصْدَعُ، وَلَكِنِّي أَجْلِسُ فَأَسْقِيكُمْ، فَلَمْ يُنْكِرُوا شَيْئًا، فَجَعَلْتُ أَسْقِيهِمْ وَأَشْرَبُ الْقَدَحَ بَعْدَ الْقَدَحِ، فَلَمَّا دَبَّتِ الْكَأْسُ فِيهِمُ اشْتَهْوُا الشَّرَابَ، فَجَعَلْتُ أَصْرِفُ لَهُمْ وَأَتْرَعُ الْكَأْسَ فَيَشْرَبُونَ وَلَا يَدْرُونَ، فَأَهْمَدَتْهُمُ الْكَأْسُ حَتَّى نَامُوا مَا يَعْقِلُونَ، فَوَثَبْتُ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَتَلْتُهُمْ جَمِيعًا وَأَخَذْتُ جَمِيعَ مَا كَانَ مَعَهُمْ، فَقَدِمْتُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، فَأَجِدُهُ جَالِسًا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ مَعَ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَعَلَيَّ ثِيَابُ سَفَرِي، فَسَلَّمْتُ بِسَلَامِ الْإِسْلَامِ، فَنَظَرَ إِلَيَّ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ - وَكَانَ بِي عَارِفًا - فَقَالَ: ابْنُ أَخِي عُرْوَةَ، قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، جِئْتُ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي هَدَاكَ لِلْإِسْلَامِ "، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: أَمِنْ مِصْرَ أَقْبَلْتُمْ ؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: فَمَا فَعَلَ الْمَالِكِيُّونَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا مَعَكَ ؟ قُلْتُ: كَانَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُمْ بَعْضُ مَا يَكُونُ بَيْنَ الْعَرَبِ وَنَحْنُ عَلَى دِينِ الشِّرْكِ فَقَتَلْتُهُمْ وَأَخَذْتُ أَسْلَابَهُمْ، وَجِئْتُ بِهَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِيُخَمِّسَهَا أَوْ يَرَى فِيهَا رَأْيَهُ، فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ غَنِيمَةٌ مِنْ مُشْرِكِينَ وَأَنَا مُسْلِمٌ مُصَدِّقٌ بِمُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "أَمَّا إِسْلَامُكَ فَنَقْبَلُهُ وَلَا آخُذُ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ شَيْئًا وَلَا أُخَمِّسُهُ لِأَنَّ هَذَا غَدْرٌ، وَالْغَدْرُ لَا خَيْرَ فِيهِ ". قَالَ: فَأَخَذَنِي مَا قَرُبَ وَمَا بَعُدَ، وَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّمَا قَتَلْتُهُمْ وَأَنَا عَلَى دِينِ قَوْمِي ثُمَّ أَسْلَمْتُ حَيْثُ دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْكَ السَّاعَةَ قَالَ: فَإِنَّ الْإِسْلَامَ يَجُبُّ مَا قَبْلَهُ. قَالَ: وَكَانَ قَدْ قَتَلَ مِنْهُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ إِنْسَانًا، فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ ثَقِيفًا فَتَدَاعَوْا لِلْقِتَالِ ثُمَّ اصْطَلَحُوا عَلَى أَنْ يَحْمِلَ عَنِّي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ دِيَةً. قَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ: وَأَقَمْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ حَتَّى اعْتَمَرَ عُمْرَةَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ سَنَةَ سِتٍّ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ - وَكَانَتْ أَوَّلَ سَفْرَةٍ خَرَجْتُ مَعَهُ فِيهَا، وَكُنْتُ أَكُونُ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ وَأَلْزَمُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فِيمَنْ يَلْزَمُهُ. وَبَعَثَتْ قُرَيْشٌ عَامَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ عُرْوَةَ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لِيُكَلِّمَهُ، فَأَتَاهُ فَكَلَّمَهُ وَجَعَلَ يَمَسُّ لِحْيَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَالْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ قَائِمٌ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مُقَنَّعٌ فِي الْحَدِيدِ. فَقَالَ لِعُرْوَةَ وَهُوَ يَمَسُّ لِحْيَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: كُفَّ يَدَكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ لَا تَصِلَ إِلَيْكَ، فَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ: مَنْ هَذَا يَا مُحَمَّدُ، مَا أَفَظَّهُ وَأَغْلَظَهُ ؟ قَالَ: هَذَا ابْنُ أَخِيكَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ، فَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ: يَا غُدَرُ مَا غَسَلْتَ عَنِّي سَوْأَتَكَ بِالْأَمْسِ. وَانْصَرَفَ عُرْوَةُ إِلَى قُرَيْشٍ فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ بِمَا كَلَّمَ بِهِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ. وَشَهِدَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الْمَشَاهِدَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَكَانَ يَحْمِلُ وُضُوءَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ بَعَثَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْبَحْرَيْنِ، ثُمَّ شَهِدَ الْيَمَامَةَ، ثُمَّ شَهِدَ فُتُوحَ الشَّامِ مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، ثُمَّ شَهِدَ الْيَرْمُوكَ وَأُصِيبَتْ عَيْنُهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ، ثُمَّ شَهِدَ الْقَادِسِيَّةَ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ سَعْدٍ إِلَى رُسْتُمَ، وَوَلِيَ لِعُمَرَ فُتُوحًا وَوَلِيَ لَهُ الْبَصْرَةَ نَحْوًا مِنْ سَنَتَيْنِ، فَفَتَحَ بِيسَانَ وَغَيْرَهَا، وَفَتَحَ سُوقَ الْأَهْوَازِ، وَغَزَا نَهْرَ تِيرِي، وَفَتَحَ هَمَدَانَ وَشَهِدَ نَهَاوَنْدَ. وَكَانَ عُمَرُ قَدْ كَتَبَ: إِنْ هَلَكَ النُّعْمَانُ فَالْأَمِيرُ حُذَيْفَةُ، وَإِنْ هَلَكَ حُذَيْفَةُ فَالْأَمِيرُ الْمُغِيرَةُ. وَكَانَ الْمُغِيرَةُ أَوَّلَ مَنْ وَضَعَ دِيوَانَ الْبَصْرَةِ وَجَمَعَ النَّاسَ لِيُعْطُوا عَلَيْهِ، وَوَلِيَ الْكُوفَةَ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، فَقُتِلَ عُمَرُ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهَا، ثُمَّ وَلِيَهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ لِمُعَاوِيَةَ، فَابْتَنَى بِهَا دَارًا وَمَاتَ بِهَا وَهُوَ وَالٍ عَلَيْهَا. وعَنْ قَتَادَةَ: إِنَّ الْمُغِيرَةَ أَحْصَنَ مِائَةَ امْرَأَةٍ مَا بَيْنَ قُرَشِيَّةٍ وَثَقَفِيَّةٍ. وعن مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الشَّافِعِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَرْبِيَّ يَقُولُ: تُوُفِّيَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ سَنَةَ خَمْسِينَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ سَبْعِينَ سَنَةً. فِي شَعْبَانَ فِي قَوْلِ بَعْضِهِمْ، وَهُوَ الصَّحِيحُ وَقِيلَ: كَانَ مَوْتُهُ سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَخَمْسِينَ، وَقِيلَ ( سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ ) وَفِيهَا تُوُفِّيَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي الْعَاصِ الثَّقَفِيُّ. وَفِيهَا تُوُفِّيَ زَيْدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ الْجُهَنِيُّ، وَقِيلَ: تُوُفِّيَ سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ وَسِتِّينَ، وَقِيلَ: ( ثَمَانٍ وَسَبْعِينَ ). وَفِيهَا تُوُفِّيَ مِدْلَاجُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو السُّلَمِيُّ، وَكَانَ قَدْ شَهِدَ الْمَشَاهِدَ كُلَّهَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَكُلُّهُمْ لَهُ صُحْبَةٌ. وفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ تُوُفِّيَ أَبُو مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيُّ ، فِي قَوْلٍ، وَالصَّحِيحُ أَنَّهُ مَاتَ سَنَةَ ثِنْتَيْنِ وَخَمْسِينَ. وَأَمَّا كَعْبُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ السُّلَمِيُّ شَاعِرُ الْإِسْلَامِ، فَإِنَّهُ أَسْلَمَ قَدِيمًا، وَشَهِدَ الْعَقَبَةَ، وَلَمْ يَشْهَدْ بَدْرًا، كَمَا ثَبَتَ فِي " الصَّحِيحَيْنِ " فِي سِيَاقِ تَوْبَةِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ، فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ أَحَدَ الثَّلَاثَةِ الَّذِينَ تِيبَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ تَخَلُّفِهِمْ عَنْ غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ وَغَلِطَ ابْنُ الْكَلْبِيِّ فِي قَوْلِهِ: إِنَّهُ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا. وَفِي قَوْلِهِ: إِنَّهُ تُوُفِّيَ قَبْلَ الْأَرْبَعِينَ. فَإِنَّ الْوَاقِدِيَّ - وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ - قَالَ: تُوُفِّيَ سَنَةَ خَمْسِينَ. وَقَالَ الْهَيْثَمُ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ: سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَخَمْسِينَ. ؓ.
Translation
✧ Those of the notables who died in this year Jubayr b. Muṭʿim b. ʿAdī Jubayr b. Muṭʿim b. ʿAdī b. Nawfal b. ʿAbd Manāf, Abū Muḥammad: His father was one of the nobles of Quraysh, and Jubayr came in the ransom of the captives of Badr. He said: I slept in the mosque after the afternoon prayer, and the sunset prayer was called, so I stood up startled by the recitation of the Messenger of God ﷺ, and I listened to his recitation until I left the mosque. That was the first day Islam entered my heart. He embraced Islam before the conquest, settled in Madinah, and died in the middle of Muʿāwiyah's caliphate. Juwayriyah bt. al-Ḥārith b. Abī Ḍirār Juwayriyah bt. al-Ḥārith b. Abī Ḍirār: She was taken captive in the expedition of Banū al-Muṣṭaliq, and she fell to the share of Thābit b. Qays, who made a contract of emancipation with her. The Messenger of God ﷺ paid her contract and married her. She was frequent in glorifying, sanctifying, and remembering God. She died in this year, at the age of sixty-five [years]. Ḥassān b. Thābit Ḥassān b. Thābit [b. al-Mundhir] b. Ḥarām b. ʿAmr b. Zayd Manāh b. ʿAdī b. ʿAmr b. Mālik b. al-Najjār, Abū al-Walīd al-Anṣārī: He was one of the stallion poets of the pre-Islamic era. He would strike the tip of his nose because of its length and say: No statement of the Arabs would please me with it; by God, if I placed it upon hair it would shave it, or upon rock it would split it. He used to go as a delegate to the kings of Ghassān and praise them. He embraced Islam early but did not witness any battle with the Messenger of God ﷺ; he was cowardly. He lived sixty [years] in the pre-Islamic era and sixty [years] in Islam. The Messenger of God ﷺ gave him Shīrīn, the sister of Māriyah, and she bore him ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. He had a daughter who composed poetry; sometimes he would say a line and then stop at what followed, and she would say it. He said to her: I will never compose poetry while you are alive. She said: No, rather I will not compose poetry while you are alive. Among the poets of the polytheists who satirized the Messenger of God ﷺ and his companions were Abū Sufyān b. al-Ḥārith, ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ, and Ibn al-Zibaʿrā. For the Messenger of God ﷺ were Ḥassān, Ibn Rawāḥah, and Kaʿb b. Mālik. Ḥassān would mention the faults of the people and their sins; Ibn Rawāḥah would reproach them for disbelief; and Kaʿb would mention war, saying: We did to them and we did, and he would threaten them. The harshest of it upon them was the saying of Ḥassān, and the mildest was the saying of Ibn Rawāḥah. When they embraced Islam, the harshest upon them was the saying of Ibn Rawāḥah. The Messenger of God ﷺ had said to the Anṣār: What prevents the people who supported the Messenger of God ﷺ with their weapons and themselves from supporting him with their tongues? Ḥassān said: I am for it. He said: How will you satirize them when I am from them? He said: I will draw you out from them as a hair is drawn from dough. From ʿĀʾishah: The Messenger of God ﷺ placed a pulpit for Ḥassān in the mosque so that he could defend him with poetry. Then the Messenger of God ﷺ would say: "Verily God, Mighty and Majestic, supports Ḥassān with the Holy Spirit as he defends the Messenger of God." From the poetry of Ḥassān b. Thābit And Ḥassān said concerning the conquest of Makkah: If you turn away from us, we have performed ʿumrah, and the conquest came and the veil was lifted; / Otherwise, be patient for the fighting of a day in which God aids whom He wills. / God said: I have made ready an army—they are the Anṣār, whose meeting is presented. / And Gabriel, the trustee of God, is among us, and the Holy Spirit has no equal. / Indeed, convey from me to Abū Sufyān: you are hollow, cowardly, empty. He means Abū Sufyān b. al-Ḥārith b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, for he used to exchange satires with the Messenger of God ﷺ before he embraced Islam. And Ḥassān said: You satirized Muḥammad, so I answered on his behalf, and with God is the recompense for that. / Would you satirize him when you are not his equal? May the worse of you two be a ransom for the better of you. / Verily my father, my mother, and my honor are a protection for the honor of Muḥammad from you. / My tongue is a cutting sword with no flaw in it, and my sea is not muddied by buckets. From Saʿīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Ḥassān b. Thābit, from his father, who said: Ḥassān b. Thābit lived one hundred and four years, and his father Thābit lived one hundred and four years. When ʿAbd al-Raḥmān narrated this report to us, he would stretch his neck for it and fold his legs over the like of it. He died at the age of forty-eight. Al-Ḥakam b. ʿAmr al-Ghifārī Al-Ḥakam b. ʿAmr al-Ghifārī: He accompanied the Messenger of God ﷺ until he passed away, then moved to Baṣrah. Ziyād b. Abī Sufyān appointed him over Khurāsān. He died in Khurāsān in the year fifty. It is said that he was imprisoned until he died in Marw in this year. It was also said: in the year fifty-one. May God have mercy on him. He was also called al-Ḥakam b. al-Aqraʿ. He has a single ḥadīth in al-Bukhārī concerning the prohibition of the flesh of domestic donkeys. Diḥyah b. Khalīfah b. Farwah b. Faḍālah b. Zayd Diḥyah b. Khalīfah b. Farwah b. Faḍālah b. Zayd: He embraced Islam early and did not witness Badr, but witnessed what came after it. Gabriel used to come in his form. The Messenger of God ﷺ sent him on a military expedition alone, and sent with him a letter to Caesar. He witnessed al-Yarmūk and resided in al-Mizzah, west of Damascus, until he died during the caliphate of Muʿāwiyah. Ṣafiyyah bt. Ḥuyayy b. Akhṭab Ṣafiyyah bt. Ḥuyayy b. Akhṭab, from the tribe of Hārūn b. ʿImrān: The Messenger of God ﷺ selected her on the day of Khaybar. It was said: He bought her from Diḥyah for seven heads, and she embraced Islam. He freed her and married her, making her manumission her dowry. The Messenger of God ﷺ saw a green mark near her neck and said: What is this? She said: I saw in a dream a moon approaching from Yathrib and falling into my lap. I mentioned that to my husband Kinānah, and he said: Would you like to be under this king who comes from Madinah? Then he struck my face. When the Messenger of God ﷺ departed from Khaybar and she had become pure, he inclined intending to consummate the marriage with her, but she refused. When he was at al-Ṣahbāʾ, he consummated the marriage with her there. He said: What made you do what you did at the first stop? She said: I feared for you the proximity of the Jews. That increased her standing with him. [She died in this year], and was buried in al-Baqīʿ. It was also said: She died during the days of ʿUmar. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Samurah ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Samurah b. Ḥabīb b. ʿAbd Shams b. ʿAbd Manāf, kunya Abū Saʿīd. His name was ʿAbd al-Kaʿbah; when he embraced Islam, the Messenger of God ﷺ named him ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿĀmir appointed him over Sijistān, and he raided Khurāsān and achieved conquests there. Then he returned to Baṣrah and resided there until he died. From Abū Mūsā Muḥammad b. al-Muthannā, who said: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Samurah died in the year fifty. Khalīfah b. Khayyāṭ said: in the year fifty-one. ʿAmr [b. Umayyah] b. Khuwaylid, Abū Umayyah al-Ḍamrī ʿAmr [b. Umayyah] b. Khuwaylid, Abū Umayyah al-Ḍamrī: He witnessed Badr and Uḥud with the polytheists, and he was brave. Then he embraced Islam; the first battle he witnessed in Islam was Biʾr Maʿūnah. Banū ʿĀmir captured him that day. ʿĀmir b. al-Ṭufayl said to him: My mother had a vow to free a slave; you are free on her behalf. When he returned from Biʾr Maʿūnah, he met two men [from Banū Kilāb] and killed them, though they had a guarantee of safe conduct from the Messenger of God ﷺ. The Messenger of God ﷺ paid blood money for them. These were the two slain men on account of whom the Messenger of God ﷺ went out to Banū al-Naḍīr seeking their help in their blood money. [The Messenger of God ﷺ sent ʿAmr b. Umayyah, accompanied by Salamah b. Aslam b. Ḥuraysh al-Anṣārī, on an expedition to Makkah against Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb. Their location became known, so they were sought; they hid. In that hiding in a cave on the outskirts of Makkah, ʿAmr b. Umayyah came upon ʿUbayd Allāh al-Taymī and killed him]. He went on and took Khubayb down from his wood. The Messenger of God ﷺ sent him to the Negus to arrange his marriage to Umm Ḥabībah [bt. Abī Sufyān b. Ḥarb] and to bring the rest of his companions to Madinah. From ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAmr b. al-Faghwāʾ, from his father, who said: The Messenger of God ﷺ called me when he wanted to send me with money to Abū Sufyān to distribute among Quraysh in Makkah, after the conquest. He said: Seek a companion. He said: ʿAmr b. Umayyah came to me and said: I have heard that you intend to go out and are seeking a companion. I said: Yes. He said: I will be your companion. He said: I went to the Messenger of God ﷺ and said: I have found a companion. The Messenger of God ﷺ had said: When you find a companion, inform me. He said: Who? I said: ʿAmr b. Umayyah. He said: When you descend into the land of his people, beware of him, for the saying goes: Your Bakrī brother—do not trust him. He said: We set out until we reached al-Abwāʾ. He said: I have a need with my people at Waddān, so wait for me. I said: Go rightly. When he turned away, I remembered the saying of the Messenger of God ﷺ. I tightened my camel and set off, urging it on until, when I was at al-Aḍāfir, there he was confronting me with a group. He said: I urged on and outran him. When he saw that I had escaped him, they turned back. He came to me and said: I had a need with my people. I said: Yes. We went on until we reached Makkah, and I handed the money to Abū Sufyān. ʿAqīl b. Abī Ṭālib ʿAqīl b. Abī Ṭālib ؓ: His mother was Fāṭimah bt. Asad. He was the oldest of Abū Ṭālib's children after Ṭālib, and between him and Ṭālib were ten years; then between him and Jaʿfar ten years; then between Jaʿfar and ʿAlī ten years. ʿAlī ؓ was the youngest of them in age and the earliest of them in embracing Islam. ʿAqīl was brought out on the day of Badr with the polytheists against his will; he witnessed it and was captured. Al-ʿAbbās ransomed him. ʿAqīl died after he lost his sight [during the caliphate of Muʿāwiyah]. ʿUtbān b. Mālik b. ʿAmr b. al-ʿAjlān [ʿUtbān b. Mālik b. ʿAmr b. al-ʿAjlān: He witnessed Badr, Uḥud, and the Trench, and he lost his sight]. Umm Sharīk, whose name was Ghuzayyah bt. Jābir b. Ḥakīm al-Dawsiyyah Umm Sharīk, whose name was Ghuzayyah bt. Jābir b. Ḥakīm al-Dawsiyyah: She is the one who gave herself as a gift to the Prophet ﷺ. They differed as to whether he accepted her or not, according to two opinions. One of them is that he accepted her and consummated the marriage with her; the second is that he did not accept her, and she did not marry until she died. From Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: Islam fell into the heart of Umm Sharīk, and she embraced Islam while she was in Makkah. She was married to Abū al-ʿUkayr al-Dawsī. Then she began to enter upon the women of Quraysh secretly, calling them and encouraging them to Islam until her affair became known to the people of Makkah. They seized her and said: Were it not for your people, we would have done such and such to you, but we will return you to them. She said: They mounted me on a camel with nothing beneath me, then left me for three days without feeding me or giving me drink. Whenever they stopped at a place, they would bind me in the sun and seek shade from it, withholding food and drink from me. While they had stopped at a place and bound me in the sun, suddenly I felt the coolest thing on my chest. I reached for it and found it was a bucket of water. I drank a little from it, then it was taken away from me; then it returned and I reached for it, then it was lifted; then it returned and I reached for it, then it was lifted several times. Then it came down and I drank until I was satisfied, then I poured the rest of it over my body and clothes. When they awoke, they saw the trace of water and saw me in good condition. They said to me: You loosened your bonds and took our water skin and drank from it. I said: No, by God, but it was such and such. They said: If you are truthful, your religion is better than ours. When they looked at their water skins, they found them as they had left them. They embraced Islam at that, and she came to the Prophet ﷺ and gave herself to him without a dowry. He accepted her and consummated the marriage with her. Al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah b. Abī ʿĀmir b. Masʿūd Al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah b. Abī ʿĀmir b. Masʿūd b. Muʿattib b. Mālik, Abū ʿAbd Allāh: He had reddish-brown hair, curly, with thin lips, a large head, and he was gap-toothed, with thick forearms and broad shoulders. Al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah said: We were a people of the Arabs holding fast to our religion, and we were the custodians of al-Lāt. A group from Banū Mālik resolved to go as a delegation to al-Muqawqis, and they prepared gifts for him. We resolved to go out with them. I consulted my uncle ʿUrwah b. Masʿūd, and he forbade me, saying: There is no one with you from your father's clan. But I insisted on going out with them, and there was no one from the allies among them except me, until we entered Alexandria. There was al-Muqawqis in a hall overlooking the sea. I boarded a boat until I was opposite his hall. He looked at me and did not recognize me, and ordered someone to ask who I was and what I wanted. The appointed man asked me, and I told him of our affair and our arrival to him. He ordered us to stay in the church and provided us with hospitality. Then he summoned us, and we entered upon him. He looked at the chief of Banū Mālik, drew him near, and seated him with him. Then he asked him: Are all the people from Banū Mālik? He said: Yes, except one man from the allies. He pointed me out to him, and I was the least esteemed of the people to him. They placed their gifts before him, and he was pleased with them and ordered them to be received. He ordered rewards for them, favoring some over others, and he gave me little, something of no mention. We departed, and Banū Mālik began buying for their families, pleased. No man among them offered me any help. They departed carrying wine with them, and they drank, and I drank with them. My soul refused that they should return to al-Ṭāʾif with what they had gained and what the king had bestowed upon them, and that they would tell my people of his neglect and disdain for me. So I resolved to kill them. When we were at Busāq, I feigned illness and bound my head. They said to me: What is wrong with you? I said: I have a headache. They set down their drink and left me. I said: My head aches, but I will sit and serve you drink. They suspected nothing. I began giving them drink and drinking cup after cup. When the cup had taken effect on them, they craved drink, and I kept pouring for them and filling the cup, so they drank without realizing. The cup subdued them until they slept unconscious. I leaped upon them and killed them all, and took everything they had. I came to the Prophet ﷺ and found him sitting in the mosque with his companions, wearing my travel clothes. I greeted with the greeting of Islam. Abū Bakr b. Abī Quḥāfah—who knew me—looked at me and said: The nephew of ʿUrwah. I said: Yes, I have come to bear witness that there is no god but God and that Muḥammad is the Messenger of God. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: "Praise be to God who guided you to Islam." Abū Bakr said: Have you come from Egypt? I said: Yes. He said: What happened to the Mālikīs who were with you? I said: There was between me and them some of what occurs among the Arabs while we were upon the religion of polytheism, so I killed them and took their spoils, and I brought them to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ so that he might take the fifth or give his judgment concerning them, for they are only booty from polytheists while I am a Muslim, believing in Muhammad ﷺ. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "As for your Islam, we accept it, but I will not take anything of their property nor take a fifth of it, because this is treachery, and treachery has no good in it." He said: Then what is near and what is far took hold of me, and I said: O Messenger of Allah, I only killed them while I was upon the religion of my people, then I embraced Islam when I entered upon you just now. He said: "Indeed, Islam cuts off what came before it." He said: He had killed thirteen persons of them, and that reached Thaqīf, so they called one another to fight; then they made peace on the condition that ʿUrwah b. Masʿūd should bear on my behalf thirteen bloodwits. Al-Mughīrah said: I stayed with the Prophet ﷺ until he performed the ʿUmrah of al-Ḥudaybiyah in Dhū al-Qaʿdah of the year six of the Hijrah—it was the first journey in which I went out with him—and I used to be with Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq and keep close to the Prophet ﷺ among those who kept close to him. Quraysh sent ʿUrwah b. Masʿūd in the year of al-Ḥudaybiyah to the Prophet ﷺ to speak with him. He came to him and spoke with him, and he began to touch the beard of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah was standing over the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, armored in iron. He said to ʿUrwah while he was touching the beard of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: Withdraw your hand before it does not reach you. ʿUrwah said: Who is this, O Muhammad? How rude and harsh he is! He said: This is your nephew al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah. ʿUrwah said: O traitor, only yesterday did I wash away your disgrace. ʿUrwah departed to Quraysh and informed them of what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had said. Al-Mughīrah witnessed after that the military expeditions with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he used to carry the water for the ablution of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. When the Messenger of Allah died, Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq sent him to the people of al-Baḥrayn; then he witnessed al-Yamāmah; then he witnessed the conquests of Syria with the Muslims; then he witnessed al-Yarmūk and his eye was injured that day; then he witnessed al-Qādisiyyah, and he was the messenger of Saʿd to Rustum. He held governorships for ʿUmar in various conquests and held al-Baṣrah for him for about two years; he conquered Baysān and other places, conquered Sūq al-Ahwāz, raided the Tīrī River, conquered Hamadhān, and witnessed Nihāwand. ʿUmar had written: If al-Nuʿmān perishes, the commander is Ḥudhayfah; and if Ḥudhayfah perishes, the commander is al-Mughīrah. Al-Mughīrah was the first to establish the register (dīwān) of al-Baṣrah and gathered the people to be paid according to it. He held al-Kūfah for ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb, and ʿUmar was killed while he was over it; then he held it after that for Muʿāwiyah, and he built a house there and died there while he was governor over it. From Qatādah: Al-Mughīrah married one hundred women, both Qurayshī and Thaqafī. From Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Shāfiʿī, who said: I heard Ibrāhīm al-Ḥarbī say: Al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah died in the year fifty, at the age of seventy years, in Shaʿbān, according to some of them, and this is the correct view; and it is said: His death was in the year fifty-one; and it is said: (in the year forty-nine). In it died ʿUthmān b. Abī al-ʿĀṣ al-Thaqafī. In it died Zayd b. Khālid al-Juhanī; and it is said: he died in the year sixty-eight; and it is said: (seventy-eight). In it died Midlāj b. ʿAmr al-Sulamī, and he had witnessed all the expeditions with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ; and all of them had companionship (ṣuḥbah). In this year Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī died, according to one view; the correct view is that he died in the year fifty-two. As for Kaʿb b. Mālik al-Anṣārī al-Sulamī, the poet of Islam, he embraced Islam early, witnessed al-ʿAqabah, and did not witness Badr, as is established in the two Ṣaḥīḥ collections in the context of Allah's acceptance of his repentance; for he was one of the three whose repentance was accepted for their staying behind from the expedition of Tabūk. Ibn al-Kalbī erred in his saying that he witnessed Badr, and in his saying that he died before the forties; for al-Wāqidī—who is more knowledgeable than him—said: he died in the year fifty. Al-Haytham b. ʿAdī said: in the year fifty-one. ؓ.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.