Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2117
The caliphate of Muʿāwiyah b. Abī Sufyān
وَمِمَّنْ تُوُفِّيَ بِهَا عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ ، ؓ. أَمَّا عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ بْنِ وَائِلِ بْنِ هَاشِمِ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ سَهْمِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ هُصَيْصِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيِّ بْنِ غَالِبٍ الْقُرَشِيُّ السَّهْمِيُّ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَيُقَالُ: أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ. أَحَدُ رُؤَسَاءِ قُرَيْشٍ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلُوهُ إِلَى النَّجَاشِيِّ لِيَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ مَنْ هَاجَرَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَى بِلَادِهِ، فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُمْ إِلَى ذَلِكَ لِعَدْلِهِ، وَوَعَظَ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ فِي ذَلِكَ، فَيُقَالُ: إِنَّهُ أَسْلَمَ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ. وَالصَّحِيحُ أَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا أَسْلَمَ قَبْلَ الْفَتْحِ بِسِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ هُوَ وَخَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ طَلْحَةَ الْعَبْدَرِيُّ. جهاد عمرو بن العاص وفضله قَالَ عُلَمَاءُ السِّيَرِ: بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ فِي وُجُوهٍ مِنْهَا غَزَاةُ ذَاتِ السَّلَاسِلِ ، وَأَمَدَّهُ فِيهَا بِثَمَانِينَ مِنْهُمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَعُمَرُ، وَأَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ، وَمِنْهَا إِلَى صَنَمِ هُذَيْلٍ، وَهُوَ سُوَاعٌ فَكَسَرَهُ، وَإِلَى بَنِي فَزَارَةَ فَصَدَّقَهُمْ. وَاسْتَعْمَلَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَى الشَّامِ وَأَمَدَّهُ بِخَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ فَكَانَ أَمِيرَ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ أَجْنَادِينَ وَيَوْمَ فَحْلٍ ، وَفِي حِصَارِ دِمَشْقَ حَتَّى فُتِحَتْ. وعَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " أَسْلَمَ النَّاسُ وَآمَنَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ ". وعَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ طَلْحَةُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: " إِنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ مِنْ صَالِحِي قُرَيْشٍ ". وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ الْآخَرِ " ابْنَا الْعَاصِ مُؤْمِنَانِ " وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ الْآخَرِ " نِعْمَ أَهْلُ الْبَيْتِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَأَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَأُمُّ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ " رَوَوْهُ فِي فَضَائِلِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ وبَعَثَهُ عُمَرُ إِلَى مِصْرَ فَافْتَتَحَهَا وَاسْتَنَابَهُ عَلَيْهَا، وَأَقَرَّهُ عَلَيْهَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ أَرْبَعَ سِنِينَ، ثُمَّ عَزَلَهُ، وَوَلَّى عَلَيْهَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَرْحٍ، فَاعْتَزَلَ عَمْرٌو بِفِلَسْطِينَ، وَبَقِيَ فِي نَفْسِهِ مِنْ عُثْمَانَ، ؓ، فَلَمَّا قُتِلَ عُثْمَانُ سَارَ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ، فَشَهِدَ مَوَاقِفَهُ كُلَّهَا بِصِفِّينَ وَغَيْرِهَا، وَكَانَ هُوَ أَحَدَ الْحَكَمَيْنِ، ثُمَّ لَمَّا أَنِ اسْتَرْجَعَ مُعَاوِيَةُ مِصْرَ وَانْتَزَعَهَا مِنْ يَدِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ اسْتَعْمَلَ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ عَلَيْهَا، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ نَائِبَهَا إِلَى أَنَّ مَاتَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ عَلَى الْمَشْهُورِ، وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ تُوُفِّيَ سَنَةَ سَبْعٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ. وَقِيلَ: سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ. وَقِيلَ: سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَخَمْسِينَ. رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ. وَقَدْ كَانَ مَعْدُودًا مِنْ دُهَاةِ الْعَرَبِ وَشُجْعَانِهِمْ وَذَوِي آرَائِهِمْ، وَلَهُ أَمْثَالٌ حَسَنَةٌ وَأَشْعَارٌ جَيِّدَةٌ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: حَفِظْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَلْفَ مَثَلٍ. من شعر عمرو بن العاص وَمِنْ شِعْرِهِ: إِذَا الْمَرْءُ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ طَعَامًا يُحِبُّهُ وَلَمْ يُنْهَ قَلْبًا غَاوِيًا حَيْثُ يَمَّمَا قَضَى وَطَرًا مِنْهُ وَغَادَرَ سُبَّةً إِذَا ذُكِرَتْ أَمْثَالُهَا تَمْلَأُ الْفَمَا وفاة عمرو بن العاص ذِكْرُ وَفَاتِهِ: كَانَ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ يَقُولُ: كَأَنَّ عَلَى عُنُقِي جِبَالَ رَضْوَى، وَكَأَنَّ فِي جَوْفِي الشَّوْكَ، وَكَأَنَّ نَفْسِي تَخْرُجُ مِنْ ثُقْبِ إِبْرَةٍ، وَأَعْتَقَ كُلَّ مَمْلُوكٍ لَهُ. عن مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْعُتْبِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، قَالَ: دَخَلَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ عَلَى عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ يَعُودُهُ، فَقَالَ: كَيْفَ تَجِدُكَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ: أَجِدُنِي قَدْ أَفْسَدْتُ دِينِي بِدُنْيَايَ، أَصْلَحْتُ مِنْ دُنْيَايَ قَلِيلًا وَأَفْسَدْتُ مِنْ آخِرَتِي كَثِيرًا، فَوَدِدْتُ أَنَّ الَّذِي أَفْسَدْتُ هُوَ الَّذِي أَصْلَحْتُ، أَنَّ الَّذِي أَصْلَحْتُ هُوَ الَّذِي أَفْسَدْتُ، وَلَوْ كَانَ يُنَجِّينِي تَرْكُ مَا فِي يَدِي لَتَرَكْتُهُ، وَلَوْ كُنْتُ أُدْرِكُ مَا أَطْلُبُ طَلَبْتُ، فَقَدْ صِرْتُ كَالْمَنْجَنِيقِ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ، لَا يَرْقَى بِيَدٍ، وَلَا يَرْقَى بِرِجْلٍ، فَهُوَ مُتَحَيِّرٌ بَيْنَ الْحَيَاةِ وَالْمَوْتِ، وَيَأْمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي الْمَوْتِ رَاحَتُهُ، وَيَخَافُ مِمَّا قَدَّمَتْ يَدُهُ، فَعِظْنِي يَا ابْنَ أَخِي، فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، إِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْ تَبْكِيَ بَكَيْتَ، فَلَسْتَ تَدْرِي مَتَى يَقَعُ الْأَمْرُ وَأَنْتَ تَأْمُرُنَا بِالرَّحِيلِ وَأَنْتَ مُقِيمٌ، وَلَوْ دَعَوْتَ دَعْوَةً لَا تُلْقِي صَوْلَهَا إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ. قَالَ: فَغَضِبَ عَمْرٌو وَقَالَ: تُؤْنِسُنِي مِنْ نَفْسِي وَتُؤْنِسُنِي مِنْ رَحْمَةِ رَبِّي، اللَّهُمَّ خُذْ مِنِّي حَتَّى تَرْضَى، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: هَيْهَاتَ يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ سَلَفْتَ جَدِيدًا وَتُعْطِي خَلِقًا، فَقَالَ عَمْرٌو: مَا لِي وَلَكَ يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، مَا سَرَّحْتُ كَلِمَةً إِلَى رَبِّي إِلَّا أَخَذْتَ بِغَيِّهَا، ثُمَّ تَمَثَّلَ عَمْرٌو: كَمْ عَائِدٍ رَجُلًا وَلَيْسَ يَعُودُهُ إِلَّا لِيَنْظُرَ هَلْ يَرَاهُ يَفْرَقُ عن ابْنُ شِمَاسَةَ الْمَهْرِيُّ، قَالَ: حَضَرْنَا عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ وَهُوَ فِي سِيَاقَةِ الْمَوْتِ، فَبَكَى طَوِيلًا وَحَوَّلَ وَجْهَهُ إِلَى الْجِدَارِ، فَجَعَلَ ابْنُهُ يَقُولُ: يَا أَبَتَاهُ، أَمَا بَشَّرَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِكَذَا، أَمَا بَشَّرَكَ بِكَذَا ؟ قَالَ: فَأَقْبَلَ بِوَجْهِهِ فَقَالَ: إِنَّ أَفْضَلَ مَا تَعُدُّ شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، إِنِّي قَدْ كُنْتُ عَلَى أَطْبَاقٍ ثَلَاثٍ: لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي وَمَا أَحَدٌ أَشَدُّ بُغْضًا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنِّي وَلَا أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ اسْتَمْكَنْتُ مِنْهُ فَقَتَلْتُهُ فَلَوْ مِتُّ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ لَكُنْتُ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ، فَلَمَّا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ الْإِسْلَامَ فِي قَلْبِي أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ، فَقُلْتُ: ابْسُطْ يَمِينَكَ فَلْأُبَايِعْكَ، فَبَسَطَ يَمِينَهُ فَقَبَضْتُ يَدِي، فَقَالَ: مَا لَكَ يَا عَمْرُو، قُلْتُ: أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَشْتَرِطَ، قَالَ: مَاذَا ؟ قُلْتُ: أَنْ يُغْفَرَ لِي، قَالَ: "أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الْإِسْلَامَ يَهْدِمُ مَا كَانَ قَبْلَهُ، وَأَنَّ الْهِجْرَةَ تَهْدِمُ مَا كَانَ قَبْلَهَا، وَأَنَّ الْحَجَّ يَهْدِمُ مَا كَانَ قَبْلَهُ " وَمَا كَانَ أَحَدٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَلَا أَجَلَّ فِي عَيْنِي مِنْهُ، وَمَا كُنْتُ أُطِيقُ أَنْ أَمْلَأَ عَيْنِي مِنْهُ فَلَوْ مِتُّ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ لَرَجَوْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ، ثُمَّ وُلِّينَا أَشْيَاءَ بَعْدُ، فَلَسْتُ أَدْرِي مَا حَالِي فِيهَا، فَإِذَا أَنَا مِتُّ فَلَا تَصْحَبْنِي نَائِحَةٌ وَلَا نَارٌ، فَإِذَا دَفَنْتُمُونِي فَسَنُّوا عَلَيَّ التُّرَابَ سَنًّا، ثُمَّ أَقِيمُوا حَوْلَ قَبْرِي قَدْرَ مَا يُنْحَرُ جَزُورٌ وَيُقَسَّمُ لَحْمُهَا حَتَّى أَسْتَأْنِسَ بِكُمْ وَأَنْظُرَ مَاذَا أُرَاجِعُ بِهِ رُسُلَ رَبِّي. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أَنَّهُ بَعْدَ هَذَا حَوَّلَ وَجْهَهُ إِلَى الْجِدَارِ وَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ أَمَرْتَنَا فَعَصَيْنَا، وَنَهَيْتَنَا فَمَا انْتَهَيْنَا، وَلَا يَسَعُنَا إِلَّا عَفْوُكَ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أَنَّهُ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى مَوْضِعِ الْغُلِّ مِنْ عُنُقِهِ، وَرَفَعَ رَأَسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ، وَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ لَا قَوِيٌّ فَأَنْتَصِرَ، وَلَا بَرِيءٌ فَأَعْتَذِرَ، وَلَا مُسْتَكْبِرٌ بَلْ مُسْتَغْفِرٌ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ. فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُرَدِّدُهَا حَتَّى مَاتَ، ؓ محمد بن مسلمة وَأَمَّا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ، فَإِنَّهُ أَسْلَمَ عَلَى يَدَيْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ قَبْلَ أُسَيْدِ بْنِ حُضَيْرٍ وَسَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ، شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَمَا بَعْدَهَا إِلَّا تَبُوكَ ; فَإِنَّهُ اسْتَخْلَفَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فِي قَوْلٍ، وَقِيلَ: اسْتَخْلَفَهُ فِي قَرْقَرَةِ الْكُدْرِ. وَكَانَ فِيمَنْ قَتَلَ كَعْبَ بْنَ الْأَشْرَفِ الْيَهُودِيَّ، وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ الَّذِي قَتَلَ مَرْحَبًا الْيَهُودِيَّ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ أَيْضًا. وَقَدْ أَمَّرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى نَحْوٍ مِنْ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَرِيَّةً، وَكَانَ مِمَّنِ اعْتَزَلَ تِلْكَ الْحُرُوبَ بِالْجَمَلِ وَصِفِّينَ وَغَيْرِهِمَا، وَاتَّخَذَ سَيْفًا مِنْ خَشَبٍ. وَقَدْ وَرَدَ فِي حَدِيثٍ قَدَّمْنَاهُ أَنَّهُ أَمَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِذَلِكَ، وَخَرَجَ إِلَى الرَّبَذَةِ. وَكَانَ مِنْ سَادَاتِ الصَّحَابَةِ، وَكَانَ هُوَ بَرِيدَ عُمَرَ إِلَى عُمَّالِهِ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي شَاطَرَهُمْ عَنْ أَمْرِهِ، وَلَهُ وَقَائِعُ عَظِيمَةٌ وَصِيَانَةٌ وَأَمَانَةٌ بَلِيغَةٌ، ؓ، وَاسْتَعْمَلَهُ عُمَرُ عَلَى صَدَقَاتِ جُهَيْنَةَ، وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ تُوُفِّيَ سَنَةَ سِتٍّ أَوْ سَبْعٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ. وَقِيلَ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ. وَقَدْ جَاوَزَ السَّبْعِينَ، وَتَرَكَ بَعْدَهُ عَشَرَةَ ذُكُورٍ وَسِتَّ بَنَاتٍ، وَكَانَ أَسْمَرَ شَدِيدَ السُّمْرَةِ طَوِيلًا أَصْلَعَ، ؓ. عبد الله بن سلام عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَّامٍ ، يُكَنَّى أَبَا يُوسُفَ: وَكَانَ اسْمُهُ [الْحُصَيْنَ ]، فَلَمَّا أَسْلَمَ سَمَّاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ، وَهُوَ مِنْ وَلَدِ يُوسُفَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ. عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ انْجَفَلَ النَّاسُ نَحْوَهُ وَقَالُوا: قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ. قَالَ: وَجِئْتُ أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ وَجْهَهُ عَرَفْتُ أَنَّ وَجْهَهُ لَيْسَ بِوَجْهِ كَذَّابٍ، فَأَوَّلُ شَيْءٍ قَالَ: "يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، أَفْشُوا السَّلَامَ، وَأَطْعِمُوا الطَّعَامَ، وَصِلُوا الْأَرْحَامَ، وَصَلُّوا وَالنَّاسُ نِيَامٌ تَدْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ بِسَلَامٍ ". تُوُفِّيَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَّامٍ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. عبد الرحمن بن عسيلة أبو عبد الله الصنابحي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عُسَيْلَةَ، أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّنَابِحِيُّ: أَسْنَدَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ، وَمُعَاذٍ، وَعُبَادَةَ فِي آخَرِينَ. وَكَانَ عُبَادَةُ يَقُولُ: مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ كَأَنَّمَا رُقِيَ بِهِ فَوْقَ سَبْعِ سَمَاوَاتٍ فَعَمِلَ عَلَى مَا رَأَى فَلْيَنْظُرْ إِلَى هَذَا.
Translation
✧ Among those who died in it were ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ, and Muḥammad b. Maslamah, ؓ. As for ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ b. Wāʾil b. Hāshim b. Saʿīd b. Sahm b. ʿAmr b. Huṣayṣ b. Kaʿb b. Luʾayy b. Ghālib al-Qurashī al-Sahmī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh—and it is said: Abū Muḥammad—one of the leaders of Quraysh in pre-Islamic times, and he is the one whom they sent to the Negus to return to them those Muslims who had emigrated to his land, but he did not grant them that because of his justice, and he admonished ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ regarding that, and it is said that he embraced Islam at his hands. The correct view is that he only embraced Islam six months before the conquest, he and Khālid b. al-Walīd and ʿUthmān b. Ṭalḥah al-ʿAbdarī. The jihad of ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ and his merit. The scholars of biographies said: The Messenger of God ﷺ sent ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ on several expeditions, among them the expedition of Dhāt al-Salāsil, and reinforced him in it with eighty men, among them Abū Bakr, ʿUmar, and Abū ʿUbaydah; and among them to the idol of Hudhayl, which is Suwāʿ, and he smashed it; and to Banū Fazārah, and he took their ṣadaqah. Abū Bakr appointed him over Syria and reinforced him with Khālid b. al-Walīd, and he was commander of the people on the day of Ajnādayn and the day of Faḥl, and during the siege of Damascus until it was conquered. And on the authority of ʿUqbah b. ʿĀmir, who said: The Messenger of God ﷺ said: "The people submitted, but ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ believed." And on the authority of Ibn Abī Mulaykah, who said: Ṭalḥah b. ʿUbayd Allāh said: I heard the Messenger of God ﷺ say: "Indeed ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ is among the righteous of Quraysh." And in another hadith: "The two sons of al-ʿĀṣ are believers." And in another hadith: "How excellent a household is ʿAbd Allāh, Abū ʿAbd Allāh, and Umm ʿAbd Allāh." They narrated it among the virtues of ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ. And ʿUmar sent him to Egypt, and he conquered it and appointed him as his deputy over it, and ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān confirmed him over it for four years, then dismissed him and appointed over it ʿAbd Allāh b. Saʿd b. Abī Sarḥ, so ʿAmr retired to Palestine, and he retained something in himself against ʿUthmān, ؓ. So when ʿUthmān was killed, he went to Muʿāwiyah and witnessed all his battles at Ṣiffīn and elsewhere, and he was one of the two arbitrators. Then when Muʿāwiyah recovered Egypt and seized it from the hand of Muḥammad b. Abī Bakr al-Ṣiddīq, he appointed ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ over it, and he remained its governor until he died in this year according to the well-known view. And it was said that he died in the year forty-seven, and it was said: in the year forty-eight, and it was said: in the year fifty-one. May God have mercy on him. He was counted among the shrewd men of the Arabs, their brave ones, and those of sound judgment, and he had fine proverbs and excellent poetry. And it has been narrated that he said: I memorized from the Messenger of God ﷺ a thousand proverbs. From the poetry of ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ, and among his poetry: If a man does not leave food that he loves, and does not restrain a misguided heart wherever it heads, he fulfills his desire from it and leaves behind a disgrace; when its likenesses are mentioned, they fill the mouth. The death of ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ: Mention of his death: At the time of death he used to say: It is as if upon my neck are the mountains of Raḍwā, and as if in my belly are thorns, and as if my soul is coming out of the eye of a needle, and he freed every slave he owned. On the authority of Muḥammad b. ʿUbayd, Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-ʿUtbī, who said: My father narrated to me, saying: Ibn ʿAbbās entered upon ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ to visit him, and said: How do you find yourself, O Abū ʿAbd Allāh? He said: I find that I have corrupted my religion with my worldly life; I have set right a little of my worldly life and corrupted much of my hereafter. I wish that what I corrupted were what I set right, and that what I set right were what I corrupted. If abandoning what is in my hand would save me, I would abandon it; and if I could attain what I seek, I would seek it. I have become like a mangonel between heaven and earth, not ascending by hand nor by foot; bewildered between life and death, hoping that in death there may be his rest, and fearing what his hands have sent ahead. So admonish me, O son of my brother. He said: O Abū ʿAbd Allāh, if you wish to weep, weep; for you do not know when the matter will befall, while you command us to depart and you remain. If only you would make a supplication whose cry you would not encounter until the Day of Resurrection. He said: ʿAmr became angry and said: You reassure me about myself, and you reassure me about the mercy of my Lord. O God, take from me until You are pleased. Ibn ʿAbbās said: Far from it, O servant of God; you have gone ahead with what is new and you give what is worn out. ʿAmr said: What have I to do with you, O Ibn ʿAbbās? I have not let loose a word to my Lord but you seized upon its error. Then ʿAmr recited: How many a visitor to a man visits him only to see whether he sees him dying. On the authority of Ibn Shimāsah al-Mahrī, who said: We were present with ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ while he was in the throes of death, and he wept for a long time and turned his face to the wall. His son began to say: O father, did not the Messenger of God ﷺ give you glad tidings of such-and-such? Did he not give you glad tidings of such-and-such? He said: He turned his face and said: The best thing that you can count is the testimony that there is no god but God and that Muḥammad is the Messenger of God. I have been upon three states: I saw myself when no one was more hateful to me than the Messenger of God ﷺ and nothing was dearer to me than that I should have gotten power over him and killed him; had I died upon that state I would have been of the people of the Fire. Then when God placed Islam in my heart, I came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: Stretch out your right hand that I may pledge allegiance to you. He stretched out his right hand, but I withheld my hand. He said: What is the matter with you, O ʿAmr? I said: I wanted to stipulate a condition. He said: What condition? I said: That I be forgiven. He said: "Do you not know that Islam demolishes what was before it, and that hijrah demolishes what was before it, and that Hajj demolishes what was before it?" And there was no one dearer to me than the Messenger of God ﷺ nor more exalted in my eyes than he, and I could not bear to fill my eyes with him out of awe. Had I died upon that state I would have hoped to be of the people of Paradise. Then we were entrusted with affairs after that, and I do not know what my state is in them. So when I die, let no wailing woman accompany me, nor fire. When you bury me, heap the earth over me gradually, then stand around my grave for as long as it takes to slaughter a camel and distribute its meat, so that I may feel at ease with you and see what I shall answer the messengers of my Lord. In another narration, after this he turned his face to the wall and began to say: O God, You commanded us and we disobeyed; You forbade us and we did not refrain; nothing will suffice us except Your pardon. And in another narration, he placed his hand on the place of the fetter on his neck, raised his head to the sky, and said: O God, I am not strong so that I may prevail, nor innocent so that I may excuse myself, nor arrogant, but rather seeking forgiveness; there is no god but You. He did not cease repeating it until he died, ؓ. Muḥammad b. Maslamah: As for Muḥammad b. Maslamah al-Anṣārī, he embraced Islam at the hands of Muṣʿab b. ʿUmayr before Usayd b. Ḥuḍayr and Saʿd b. Muʿādh. He was present at Badr and what came after it except Tabūk; for the Messenger of God ﷺ left him as his deputy over Madinah according to one view, and it was said: he left him as deputy during the expedition of Qarqarat al-Kudr. He was among those who killed Kaʿb b. al-Ashraf the Jew, and it was said that he was the one who killed Marḥab the Jew on the day of Khaybar as well. The Messenger of God ﷺ appointed him over about fifteen expeditions, and he was among those who withdrew from those wars of the Camel and Ṣiffīn and others, and he took for himself a sword of wood. And it has been mentioned in a hadith that we have already cited that the Messenger of God ﷺ ordered him to do that, and he went out to al-Rabadhah. He was one of the leaders of the Companions, and he was ʿUmar's messenger to his governors, and he was the one who divided their wealth by half at his command. He had great deeds and extreme integrity and trustworthiness, ؓ. ʿUmar appointed him over the ṣadaqah of Juhaynah, and it was said that he died in the year forty-six or forty-seven, and other views have been said. He had passed the age of seventy, and he left behind ten sons and six daughters. He was very dark brown, tall, and bald, ؓ. ʿAbd Allāh b. Salām: ʿAbd Allāh b. Salām, whose kunyah was Abū Yūsuf: His name was [al-Ḥuṣayn], and when he embraced Islam the Messenger of God ﷺ named him ʿAbd Allāh, and he is of the descendants of Joseph b. Jacob b. Isaac b. Abraham. On the authority of ʿAbd Allāh b. Salām, who said: When the Messenger of God ﷺ came to Madinah, the people rushed toward him and said: The Messenger of God ﷺ has arrived. He said: And I came to look at him, and when I saw his face I knew that his face was not the face of a liar. The first thing he said was: "O people, spread peace, feed food, maintain ties of kinship, and pray while people sleep, and you will enter Paradise in peace." ʿAbd Allāh b. Salām died in Madinah in this year. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿUsaylah, Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ṣanābiḥī: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿUsaylah, Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ṣanābiḥī: He transmitted from Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq, Muʿādh, and ʿUbādah among others. And ʿUbādah used to say: Whoever would like to look at a man as if he had been raised above the seven heavens and acted upon what he saw, let him look at this man.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.