Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2038
The Caliphate of ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān
فَصْلٌ ( مَنَاقِبُهُ ؓ ) عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ طَلْحَةَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ وَالْمُؤَذِّنُ يُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ، وَهُوَ يَسْتَخْبِرُ النَّاسَ يَسْأَلُهُمْ عَنْ أَخْبَارِهِمْ وَأَسْعَارِهِمْ. وعن عَطَاءَ بْنِ فَرُّوخَ مَوْلَى الْقُرَشِيِّينَ أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ اشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ أَرْضًا فَأَبْطَأَ عَلَيْهِ، فَلَقِيَهُ فَقَالَ: مَا مَنَعَكَ مِنْ قَبْضِ مَالِكَ ؟ قَالَ: إِنَّكَ غَبَنْتَنِي، فَمَا أَلْقَى مِنَ النَّاسِ أَحَدًا إِلَّا وَهُوَ يَلُومُنِي. قَالَ: أَوَذَلِكَ يَمْنَعُكَ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: فَاخْتَرْ بَيْنَ أَرْضِكَ وَمَالِكَ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ: أَدْخَلَ اللَّهُ الْجَنَّةَ رَجُلًا كَانَ سَهْلًا ; مُشْتَرِيًا، وَبَائِعًا، وَقَاضِيًا، وَمُقْتَضِيًا. وَرَوَى ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ أَنَّ طَلْحَةَ لَقِيَ عُثْمَانَ وَهُوَ خَارِجٌ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ طَلْحَةُ: إِنَّ الْخَمْسِينَ أَلْفًا الَّتِي لَكَ عِنْدِي قَدْ حَصَلَتْ، فَأَرْسِلْ مَنْ يَقْبِضُهَا. فَقَالَ لَهُ عُثْمَانُ: إِنَّا قَدْ وَهَبْنَاكَهَا لِمُرُوءَتِكَ. وَقَالَ الْأَصْمَعِيُّ: اسْتَعْمَلَ ابْنُ عَامِرٍ قَطَنَ بْنَ عَوْفٍ الْهِلَالِيَّ عَلَى كَرْمَانَ، فَأَقْبَلَ جَيْشٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ - أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافٍ - وَجَرَى الْوَادِي فَقَطَعَهُمْ عَنْ طَرِيقِهِمْ، وَخَشِيَ قَطَنٌ الْفَوْتَ فَقَالَ: مَنْ جَازَ الْوَادِي فَلَهُ أَلْفُ دِرْهَمٍ. فَحَمَلُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ عَلَى الْعُظْمِ، فَكَانَ إِذَا جَازَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ قَطَنٌ: أَعْطُوهُ جَائِزَتَهُ. حَتَّى جَازَوْا جَمِيعًا وَأَعْطَاهُمْ أَرْبَعَةَ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ، فَأَبَى ابْنُ عَامِرٍ أَنْ يَحْسِبَهَا لَهُ، فَكَتَبَ بِذَلِكَ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ، فَكَتَبَ عُثْمَانُ أَنِ احْسِبْهَا لَهُ، فَإِنَّهُ إِنَّمَا أَعَانَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ سُمِّيَتِ الْجَوَائِزُ لِإِجَازَةِ الْوَادِي، فَقَالَ الْكِنَانِيُّ ذَلِكَ: فِدًى لِلْأَكْرَمِينَ بَنِي هِلَالٍ عَلَى عِلَّاتِهِمْ أَهْلِي وَمَالِي هُمُ سَنُّوا الْجَوَائِزَ فِي مَعَدٍّ فَعَادَتْ سُنَّةً أُخْرَى اللَّيَالِي رِمَاحُهُمُ تَزِيدُ عَلَى ثَمَانٍ وَعَشْرٍ قَبْلَ تَرْكِيبِ النِّصَالِ نقش خاتمه ؓ وَأَخْرَجَ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ قَالَ: (كَانَ نَقْشُ خَاتَمِ عُثْمَانَ: آمَنْتُ بِالَّذِي خَلَقَ فَسَوَّى). وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ: بَلَغَنِي أَنَّهُ كَانَ نَقْشُ خَاتَمِ عُثْمَانَ: آمَنَ عُثْمَانُ بِاللَّهِ الْعَظِيمِ.
Translation
✧ Section (His Merits ؓ) From Mūsā b. Ṭalḥa, who said: I heard ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān while he was on the pulpit and the muezzin was announcing the commencement of the prayer, and he was asking news of the people, questioning them about their affairs and their prices. And from ʿAṭāʾ b. Farrūkh, the client of the Qurashīs, that ʿUthmān bought a piece of land from a man, and the man was slow to come to him, so he met him and said: What prevented you from receiving your money? He said: You have cheated me, so I meet no one among the people except that he blames me. He said: Does that prevent you? He said: Yes. He said: Then choose between your land and your money. Then he said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Allah admitted into Paradise a man who was easygoing as a buyer, a seller, a judge, and a litigant. Ibn Jarīr narrated that Ṭalḥa met ʿUthmān while he was going out to the mosque, and Ṭalḥa said to him: The fifty thousand that you have with me have come to hand, so send someone to receive them. ʿUthmān said to him: We have granted them to you for your magnanimity. Al-Aṣmaʿī said: Ibn ʿĀmir appointed Qaṭan b. ʿAwf al-Hilālī over Kirmān. Then an army of the Muslims approached—four thousand—and the wadi flooded and cut them off from their route. Qaṭan feared that they would miss the opportunity, so he said: Whoever crosses the wadi shall have a thousand dirhams. So they urged themselves to the greatest effort, and whenever a man among them crossed, Qaṭan said: Give him his reward—until they all crossed, and he gave them four thousand dirhams. Ibn ʿĀmir refused to count it for him, so he wrote about that to ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān, and ʿUthmān wrote: Count it for him, for he only aided the Muslims in the way of Allah. From that day onward rewards were called jawāʾiz because of the crossing of the wadi. Al-Kinānī said about that: May my family and my wealth be a ransom for the noblest of Banū Hilāl, despite their faults. They instituted rewards among Maʿadd, And the nights turned it into another sunnah. Their spears exceed eight hundred And ten before the spearheads are fitted. The inscription of his seal ؓ Ibn ʿAsākir narrated from ʿAmr b. ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān, who said: The inscription of ʿUthmān's seal was: "I believe in the One who created and fashioned." Muḥammad b. al-Mubārak said: It reached me that the inscription of ʿUthmān's seal was: "ʿUthmān believed in Allah, the Magnificent."
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