Dalil
العربية

Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2014

The Caliphate of ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān

ذِكْرُ مِنْ تُوُفِّيَ مِنَ الْأَعْيَانِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ابْنُ هَاشِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ الْقُرَشِيُّ الْهَاشِمِيُّ أَبُو الْفَضْلِ الْمَكِّيُّ  عَمُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، وَوَالِدُ الْخُلَفَاءِ الْعَبَّاسِيِّينَ، وَكَانَ أَسَنَّ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، بِسَنَتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثٍ، أُسِرَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ، فَافْتَدَى نَفْسَهُ بِمَالٍ  ، وَافْتَدَى ابْنَيْ أَخَوَيْهِ؛ عَقِيلَ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، وَنَوْفَلَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ. وَقَدْ ذَكَرْنَا أَنَّهُ لَمَّا أُسِرَ وَشُدَّ فِي الْوَثَاقِ وَأَمْسَى النَّاسُ أُرِّقَ رَسُولُ، ﷺ، فَقِيلَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَالَكَ ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي أَسْمَعُ أَنِينَ الْعَبَّاسِ فِي وَثَاقِهِ فَلَا أَنَامُ. فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَحَلَّ مِنْ وَثَاقِ الْعَبَّاسِ حَتَّى سَكَنَ أَنِينُهُ، فَنَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ. ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ وَتَلَقَّى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، إِلَى الْجُحْفَةِ، فَرَجَعَ مَعَهُ، وَشَهِدَ الْفَتْحَ. وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّهُ أَسْلَمَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ وَلَكِنَّهُ أَقَامَ بِمَكَّةَ بِإِذْنِ النَّبِيِّ، ﷺ، لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ، كَمَا وَرَدَ بِهِ الْحَدِيثُ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَقَدْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، يُجِلُّهُ وَيُعَظِّمُهُ وَيُنْزِلُهُ مَنْزِلَةَ الْوَالِدِ مِنَ الْوَلَدِ، وَيَقُولُ: هَذَا بَقِيَّةُ آبَائِي. وَكَانَ مِنْ أَوْصَلِ النَّاسِ لِقُرَيْشٍ وَأَشْفَقِهِمْ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَكَانَ ذَا رَأْيٍ وَعَقْلٍ تَامٍّ وَافٍ، وَكَانَ طَوِيلًا جَمِيلًا أَبْيَضَ بَضًّا ذَا ضَفِيرَتَيْنِ، وَكَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الْوَلَدِ عَشَرَةُ ذُكُورٍ سِوَى الْإِنَاثِ، وَهُمْ تَمَّامٌ - وَكَانَ أَصْغَرَهُمْ - وَالْحَارِثُ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ، وَعُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ، وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ، وَعَوْنٌ، وَالْفَضْلُ، وَقُثَمُ، وَكَثِيرٌ، وَمَعْبَدٌ. وَأَعْتَقَ سَبْعِينَ مَمْلُوكًا مِنْ غِلْمَانِهِ. وَقَالَ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ: عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، لِلْعَبَّاسِ: هَذَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، أَجْوَدُ قُرَيْشٍ كَفًّا وَأَوْصَلُهَا  . تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ. وَثَبَتَ فِي " الصَّحِيحَيْنِ " أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، قَالَ لِعُمَرَ حِينَ بَعَثَهُ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ فَقِيلَ: مَنَعَ ابْنُ جَمِيلٍ وَخَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَالْعَبَّاسُ عَمُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ: مَا يَنْقِمُ ابْنُ جَمِيلٍ إِلَّا أَنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا فَأَغْنَاهُ اللَّهُ، وَأَمَّا خَالِدٌ فَإِنَّكُمْ تَظْلِمُونَ خَالِدًا؛ وَقَدِ احْتَبَسَ أَدْرَاعَهُ وَأَعْتَادَهُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، وَأَمَّا الْعَبَّاسُ فَهِيَ عَلَيَّ وَمِثْلُهَا. ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عُمَرُ أَمَا شَعُرْتَ أَنَّ عَمَّ الرَّجُلِ صِنْوُ أَبِيهِ ؟ وَثَبَتَ فِي " صَحِيحِ الْبُخَارِيِّ " عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ عُمَرَ خَرَجَ يَسْتَسْقِي وَخَرَجَ بِالْعَبَّاسِ مَعَهُ يَسْتَسْقِي بِهِ، وَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا كُنَّا إِذَا قَحَطْنَا تَوَسَّلْنَا إِلَيْكَ بِنَبِيِّنَا فَتَسْقِينَا، وَإِنَّا نَتَوَسَّلُ إِلَيْكَ بِعَمِّ نَبِيِّنَا. قَالَ: فَيُسْقَوْنَ. وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ وَعُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ كَانَا إِذَا مَرَّا بِالْعَبَّاسِ وَهُمَا رَاكِبَانِ تَرَجَّلَا إِكْرَامًا لَهُ. قَالَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ: تُوُفِّيَ الْعَبَّاسُ فِي يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ لِثِنْتَيْ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ مِنْ رَجَبٍ - وَقِيلَ: مِنْ رَمَضَانَ - سَنَةَ ثِنْتَيْنِ وَثَلَاثِينَ عَنْ ثَمَانٍ وَثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً، وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ، وَدُفِنَ بِالْبَقِيعِ. وَقِيلَ: تُوُفِّيَ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ، وَقِيلَ: سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ. وَفَضَائِلُهُ وَمَنَاقِبُهُ كَثِيرَةٌ جِدًّا. عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ   ابْنُ غَافِلِ بْنِ حَبِيبِ بْنِ شَمْخِ بْنِ فَارِ بْنِ مَخْزُومِ بْنِ صَاهِلَةَ بْنِ كَاهِلِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ تَمِيمِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ هُذَيْلِ بْنِ مُدْرِكَةَ بْنِ إِلْيَاسَ بْنِ مُضَرَ، أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْهُذَلِيُّ، حَلِيفُ بَنِي زُهْرَةَ، أَسْلَمَ قَدِيمًا قَبْلَ عُمَرَ، وَكَانَ سَبَبُ إِسْلَامِهِ حِينَ مَرَّ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ، ؓ، وَهُوَ يَرْعَى غَنَمًا فَسَأَلَاهُ لَبَنًا، فَقَالَ: إِنِّي مُؤْتَمَنٌ. قَالَ فَأَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، عَنَاقًا لَمْ يَنْزُ عَلَيْهَا الْفَحْلُ فَاعْتَقَلَهَا ثُمَّ حَلَبَ وَشَرِبَ وَسَقَى أَبَا بَكْرٍ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلضَّرْعِ: " اقْلِصْ ". فَقَلَصَ، فَقُلْتُ: عَلِّمْنِي مِنْ هَذَا الدُّعَاءِ. فَقَالَ: " إِنَّكَ غُلَيْمٌ مُعَلَّمٌ " الْحَدِيثَ. وَرَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ جَهَرَ بِالْقُرْآنِ بِمَكَّةَ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ، ﷺ، عِنْدَ الْبَيْتِ وَقُرَيْشٌ فِي أَنْدِيَتِهَا؛ قَرَأَ سُورَةَ: الرَّحْمَنُ عَلَّمَ الْقُرْآنَ [ الرَّحْمَنِ: 1، 2 ]. فَقَامُوا إِلَيْهِ فَضَرَبُوهُ. وَلَزِمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، حِينَ أَسْلَمَ، وَكَانَ يَحْمِلُ نَعْلَيْهِ وَسِوَاكَهُ، وَقَالَ لَهُ: " إِذْنُكَ عَلَيَّ أَنْ تَسْمَعَ سِوَادِي ". وَلِهَذَا كَانَ يُقَالُ لَهُ: صَاحِبُ السِّوَاكِ وَالسِّوَادِ. وَهَاجَرَ إِلَى الْحَبَشَةِ ثُمَّ عَادَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ، ثُمَّ هَاجَرَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، وَشَهِدَ بَدْرًا، وَهُوَ الَّذِي قَتَلَ أَبَا جَهْلٍ بَعْدَ مَا أَثْبَتَهُ ابْنَا عَفْرَاءَ وَشَهِدَ بَقِيَّةَ الْمَشَاهِدِ. وَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، يَوْمًا: " اقْرَأْ عَلَيَّ ". فَقُلْتُ: أَقْرَأُ عَلَيْكَ وَعَلَيْكَ أُنْزِلَ ؟ فَقَالَ: " إِنِّي أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَسْمَعَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِي ". فَقَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَوَّلِ سُورَةِ النِّسَاءِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: فَكَيْفَ إِذَا جِئْنَا مِنْ كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ بِشَهِيدٍ وَجِئْنَا بِكَ عَلَى هَؤُلَاءِ شَهِيدًا [ النِّسَاءِ: 41 ]. فَبَكَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ،  وَقَالَ: " حَسْبُكَ " وَقَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى: قَدِمْتُ أَنَا وَأَخِي مِنَ الْيَمَنِ وَمَا كُنَّا نَظُنُّ إِلَّا أَنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ وَأُمَّهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ النَّبِيِّ، ﷺ؛ لِكَثْرَةِ دُخُولِهِمْ بَيْتَ النَّبِيِّ، ﷺ. وَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ: مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا أَشْبَهَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، فِي هَدْيِهِ وَدَلِّهِ وَسَمْتِهِ مِنَ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، وَلَقَدْ عَلِمَ الْمَحْفُوظُونَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ، ﷺ، أَنَّ ابْنَ أُمِّ عَبْدٍ أَقْرَبُهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ زُلْفَى. وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ: وَتَمَسَّكُوا بِعَهْدِ ابْنِ أُمِّ عَبْدٍ. وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ الْآخَرِ الَّذِي رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ فُضَيْلٍ، عَنْ مُغِيرَةَ، عَنْ أُمِّ مُوسَى، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ أَنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ صَعِدَ شَجَرَةً يَجْتَنِي الْكَبَاثَ، فَجَعَلَ النَّاسُ يَعْجَبُونَ مِنْ دِقَّةِ سَاقَيْهِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ: وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَهُمَا فِي الْمِيزَانِ أَثْقَلُ مِنْ أُحُدٍ وَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ، ؓ - وَقَدْ نَظَرَ إِلَى قِصَرِهِ وَكَانَ يُوَازِي بِقَامَتِهِ الْجُلُوسَ - فَجَعَلَ يُتْبِعُهُ بَصَرَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ: هُوَ كُنَيْفٌ مُلِئَ عِلْمًا  . وَقَدْ شَهِدَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ، ﷺ، مَوَاقِفَ كَثِيرَةً؛ مِنْهَا الْيَرْمُوكُ وَغَيْرُهَا، وَكَانَ قَدْ قَدِمَ مِنَ الْعِرَاقِ حَاجًّا فَمَرَّ بِالرَّبَذَةِ فَشَهِدَ وَفَاةَ أَبِي ذَرٍّ وَدَفَنَهُ، ثُمَّ قَدِمَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، فَمَرِضَ بِهَا، فَجَاءَهُ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ عَائِدًا، فَيُرْوَى أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَهُ: مَا تَشْتَكِي ؟ قَالَ: ذُنُوبِي. قَالَ: فَمَا تَشْتَهِي ؟ قَالَ: رَحْمَةَ رَبِّي. قَالَ: أَلَا آمُرُ لَكَ بِطَبِيبٍ ؟ فَقَالَ: الطَّبِيبُ أَمْرَضَنِي. قَالَ: أَلَا آمُرُ لَكَ بِعَطَائِكَ - وَكَانَ قَدْ تَرَكَهُ سَنَتَيْنِ ؟ فَقَالَ: لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِيهِ. فَقَالَ: يَكُونُ لِبَنَاتِكَ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ. فَقَالَ: أَتَخْشَى عَلَى بَنَاتِي الْفَقْرَ ؟ إِنِّي أَمَرْتُ بَنَاتِي أَنْ يَقْرَأْنَ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ سُورَةَ الْوَاقِعَةِ، وَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، يَقُولُ: مَنْ قَرَأَ الْوَاقِعَةَ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ لَمْ تُصِبْهُ فَاقَةٌ أَبَدًا  . وَأَوْصَى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ إِلَى الزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ الْعَوَّامِ، فَيُقَالُ: إِنَّهُ هُوَ الَّذِي صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ لَيْلًا ثُمَّ عَاتَبَ عُثْمَانُ الزُّبَيْرَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ. وَقِيلَ: بَلْ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ عُثْمَانُ. وَقِيلَ: عَمَّارٌ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ، وَدُفِنَ بِالْبَقِيعِ عَنْ بِضْعٍ وَسِتِّينَ سَنَةً. عبد الرحمن بن عوف عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفِ   ابْنُ عَبْدِ عَوْفِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ زُهْرَةَ بْنِ كِلَابِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْقُرَشِيُّ الزُّهْرِيُّ، أَسْلَمَ قَدِيمًا عَلَى يَدَيْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَهَاجَرَ إِلَى الْحَبَشَةِ وَإِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، وَآخَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ، وَشَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَمَا بَعْدَهَا، وَأَمَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، حِينَ بَعَثَهُ إِلَى بَنِي كَلْبٍ، وَأَرْخَى لَهُ عَذَبَةً بَيْنَ كَتِفَيْهِ؛ لِتَكُونَ أَمَارَةً عَلَيْهِ لِلْإِمَارَةِ، وَهُوَ أَحَدُ الْعَشْرَةِ الْمَشْهُودِ لَهُمْ بِالْجَنَّةِ  ، وَأَحَدُ الثَّمَانِيَةِ السَّابِقَيْنَ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ، وَأَحَدُ السِّتَّةِ أَصْحَابِ الشُّورَى، ثُمَّ أَحَدُ الثَّلَاثَةِ الَّذِينَ انْتَهَتْ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْهُمْ، كَمَا ذَكَرْنَا. ثُمَّ كَانَ هُوَ الَّذِي اجْتَهَدَ فِي تَقْدِيمِ عُثْمَانَ، ؓ، وَقَدْ تَقَاوَلَ هُوَ وَخَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فِي بَعْضِ الْغَزَوَاتِ فَأَغْلَظَ لَهُ خَالِدٌ فِي الْمَقَالِ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، قَالَ: لَا تَسُبُّوا أَصْحَابِي فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَوْ أَنْفَقَ أَحَدُكُمْ مِثْلَ أُحُدٍ ذَهَبًا مَا بَلَغَ مُدَّ أَحَدِهِمْ وَلَا نَصِيفَهُ. وَهُوَ فِي " الصَّحِيحِ ". وَقَالَ مَعْمَرٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ: تَصَدَّقَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ، ﷺ، بِشَطْرِ مَالِهِ؛ أَرْبَعَةِ آلَافٍ، ثُمَّ تَصَدَّقَ بِأَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفًا، ثُمَّ تَصَدَّقَ بِأَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ، ثُمَّ حَمَلَ عَلَى خَمْسِمِائَةِ فَرَسٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، ثُمَّ حَمَلَ عَلَى خَمْسِمِائَةِ رَاحِلَةٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، وَكَانَ عَامَّةُ مَالِهِ مِنَ التِّجَارَةِ. فَأَمَّا الْحَدِيثُ الَّذِي قَالَ عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ فِي " مُسْنَدِهِ ": عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ لَمَّا هَاجَرَ آخَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ فَقَالَ لَهُ: إِنَّ لِي حَائِطَيْنِ فَاخْتَرْ أَيَّهُمَا شِئْتَ. فَقَالَ: بَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكَ فِي حَائِطَيْكَ، مَا لِهَذَا أَسْلَمْتُ دَلَّنِي عَلَى السُّوقِ. قَالَ: فَدَلَّهُ، فَكَانَ يَشْتَرِي السُّمَيْنَةَ وَالْأُقَيْطَةَ وَالْإِهَابَ، فَجَمَعَ فَتَزَوَّجَ، فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ، ﷺ، فَقَالَ: بَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكَ. أَوْلِمْ وَلَوْ بِشَاةٍ. قَالَ فَكَثُرَ مَالُهُ حَتَّى قَدِمَتْ لَهُ سَبْعُمِائَةُ رَاحِلَةٍ تَحْمِلُ الْبُرَّ وَتَحْمِلُ الدَّقِيقَ وَالطَّعَامَ. قَالَ: فَلَمَّا دَخَلَتِ الْمَدِينَةَ سُمِعَ لِأَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ رَجَّةٌ، فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: مَا هَذِهِ الرَّجَّةُ ؟ فَقِيلَ لَهَا: عِيرٌ قَدِمَتْ لِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ سَبْعُمِائَةٍ تَحْمِلُ الْبُرَّ وَالدَّقِيقَ وَالطَّعَامَ. فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، يَقُولُ: يَدْخُلُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ الْجَنَّةَ حَبْوًا. فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ: أُشْهِدُكِ يَا أُمَّهْ أَنَّهَا بِأَحْمَالِهَا وَأَحْلَاسِهَا وَأَقْتَابِهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ. وَقَالَ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ: ثَنَا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ بْنُ حَسَّانَ، ثَنَا عُمَارَةُ - هُوَ ابْنُ زَاذَانَ - عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: بَيْنَمَا عَائِشَةُ فِي بَيْتِهَا إِذْ سَمِعَتْ صَوْتًا فِي الْمَدِينَةِ فَقَالَتْ: مَا هَذَا ؟ قَالُوا: عِيرٌ لِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ قَدِمَتْ مِنَ الشَّامِ تَحْمِلُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ - قَالَ: وَكَانَتْ سَبْعَمِائَةِ بَعِيرٍ - قَالَ: فَارْتَجَّتِ الْمَدِينَةُ مِنَ الصَّوْتِ، فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، يَقُولُ: قَدْ رَأَيْتُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ حَبْوًا. فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ قَالَ: لَئِنِ اسْتَطَعْتُ لَأَدْخُلَنَّهَا قَائِمًا. فَجَعَلَهَا بِأَقْتَابِهَا وَأَحْمَالِهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ. وَثَبَتَ فِي " الصَّحِيحِ " أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، صَلَّى وَرَاءَهُ الرَّكْعَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ مِنْ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ فِي بَعْضِ الْأَسْفَارِ. وَهَذِهِ مَنْقَبَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ لَا تُبَارَى. وَلَمَّا حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ أَوْصَى لِكُلِّ رَجُلٍ مِمَّنْ بَقِيَ مِنْ أَهْلِ بِدْرٍ بِأَرْبَعِمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ - وَكَانُوا مِائَةً - فَأَخَذُوهَا حَتَّى عُثْمَانُ وَعَلِيٌّ. وَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ: اذْهَبْ يَا ابْنَ عَوْفٍ فَقَدْ أَدْرَكْتَ صَفْوَهَا، وَسَبَقْتَ رَنْقَهَا. وَأَوْصَى لِكُلِّ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ أُمَّهَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِمَبْلَغٍ كَثِيرٍ  حَتَّى كَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ تَقُولُ: سَقَاهُ اللَّهُ مِنَ السَّلْسَبِيلِ. وَأَعْتَقَ خَلْقًا مِنْ مَمَالِيكِهِ، ثُمَّ تَرَكَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ مَالًا جَزِيلًا؛ مِنْ ذَلِكَ ذَهَبٌ قُطِعَ بِالْفُئُوسِ حَتَّى مَجَلَتْ أَيْدِي الرِّجَالِ، وَتَرَكَ أَلْفَ بَعِيرٍ وَمِائَةَ فَرَسٍ، وَثَلَاثَةَ آلَافِ شَاةٍ تَرْعَى بِالْبَقِيعِ، وَكَانَ نِسَاؤُهُ أَرْبَعًا، فَصُولِحَتْ إِحْدَاهُنَّ مِنْ رُبْعِ الثَّمَنِ بِثَمَانِينَ أَلْفًا. وَلَمَّا مَاتَ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ، وَحَمَلَ فِي جِنَازَتِهِ سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ، وَدُفِنَ بِالْبَقِيعِ عَنْ خَمْسٍ وَسَبْعِينَ سَنَةً. وَكَانَ أَبْيَضَ مُشْرَبًا حُمْرَةً، حَسَنَ الْوَجْهِ، رَقِيقَ الْبَشَرَةِ، أَعْيَنَ، أَهْدَبَ الْأَشْفَارِ، أَقْنَى، لَهُ جَمَّةٌ، ضَخْمَ الْكَفَّيْنِ، غَلِيظَ الْأَصَابِعِ، لَا يُغَيِّرُ شَيْبَهُ، ؓ. أبو ذر الغفاري أَبُو ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيُّ وَاسْمُهُ جُنْدُبُ بْنُ جُنَادَةَ، عَلَى الْمَشْهُورِ. أَسْلَمَ قَدِيمًا بِمَكَّةَ فَكَانَ رَابِعَ أَرْبَعَةٍ أَوْ خَامِسَ خَمْسَةٍ، وَقِصَّةُ إِسْلَامِهِ تَقَدَّمَتْ قَبْلَ الْهِجْرَةِ، وَهُوَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ حَيَّا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، بِتَحِيَّةِ الْإِسْلَامِ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى بِلَادِهِ وَقَوْمِهِ، فَكَانَ هُنَاكَ حَتَّى هَاجَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، فَهَاجَرَ بَعْدَ الْخَنْدَقِ، ثُمَّ لَزِمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، حَضَرًا وَسَفَرًا، وَرَوَى عَنْهُ أَحَادِيثَ كَثِيرَةً. وَجَاءَ فِي فَضْلِهِ أَحَادِيثُ كَثِيرَةٌ؛ مِنْ أَشْهَرِهَا مَا رَوَاهُ الْأَعْمَشُ، عَنْ أَبِي الْيَقْظَانِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي حَرْبِ بْنِ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، قَالَ: ( مَا أَظَلَّتِ الْخَضْرَاءُ، وَلَا أَقَلَّتِ الْغَبْرَاءُ أَصْدَقَ لَهْجَةً مِنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ. وَفِيهِ ضَعْفٌ. ثُمَّ لَمَّا مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، وَمَاتَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ خَرَجَ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَكَانَ فِيهِ حَتَّى وَقَعَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ مُعَاوِيَةَ فَاسْتَقْدَمَهُ عُثْمَانُ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، ثُمَّ نَزَلَ بِالرَّبَذَةِ فَأَقَامَ بِهَا حَتَّى مَاتَ فِي ذِي الْحِجَّةِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَلَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ سِوَى امْرَأَتِهِ وَأَوْلَادِهِ، فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ لَا يَقْدِرُونَ عَلَى دَفْنِهِ إِذْ قَدِمَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ مِنْ الْعِرَاقَ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ، فَحَضَرُوا مَوْتَهُ وَأَوْصَاهُمْ كَيْفَ يَفْعَلُونَ بِهِ. وَقِيلَ: قَدِمُوا بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ، فَوَلُوا غُسْلَهُ وَدَفْنَهُ. وَكَانَ قَدْ أَمَرَ أَهْلَهُ أَنْ يَطْبُخُوا لَهُمْ شَاةً مِنْ غَنَمِهِ لِيَأْكُلُوهَا بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ. قَدْ أَرْسَلَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ فَضَمَّهُمْ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ الحصين بن الحارث بن المطلب الْحُصَيْنُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ  : شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَالْمَشَاهِدَ كُلَّهَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَتُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. سلمان الفارسي سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ، يُكَنَّى أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ:   مِنْ أَهْلِ مَدِينَةِ أَصْبَهَانَ. وَيُقَالُ: مِنْ أَهْلِ رَامَهُرْمُزَ، أَسْلَمَ فِي السَّنَةِ الْأُولَى مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ، وَأَوَّلُ مَشْهَدٍ شَهِدَهُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ، وَإِنَّمَا مَنَعَهُ مِنْ حُضُورِ مَا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ مُسْتَرَقًّا لِقَوْمٍ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ فَكَاتَبُوهُ وَأَدَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ كِتَابَتَهُ وَعُتِقَ، وَلَمْ يَزَلْ بِالْمَدِينَةِ حَتَّى غَزَا الْمُسْلِمُونَ الْعِرَاقَ فَخَرَجَ مَعَهُمْ وَحَضَرَ فَتْحَ الْمَدَائِنِ، وَوَلَّاهُ إِيَّاهَا عُمَرُ، فَنَزَلَهَا حَتَّى مَاتَ بِهَا، وَقَبْرُهُ الْآنَ ظَاهِرٌ. وَفِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ سَلْمَانَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: تَدَاوَلَنِي بِضْعَةَ عَشَرَ مِنْ رَبٍّ إِلَى رَبٍّ لِي كُلُّهُ أَرْبَعِينَ أُوقِيَّةً. وَرَوَى أَنَسٌ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: " سَلْمَانُ سَابِقُ الْفُرْسِ ". وَلَمَّا خَطَّ الْخَنْدَقَ قَطَعَ لِكُلِ عَشَرَةٍ أَرْبَعِينَ ذِرَاعًا، فَاحْتَجَّ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَالْأَنْصَارُ فِي سَلْمَانَ  ، وَكَانَ رَجُلًا قَوِيًّا، فَقَالَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ: سَلْمَانُ مِنَّا، وَقَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ: لَا بَلْ مِنَّا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "سَلْمَانُ مِنَّا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ ". قَالَ الْحَسَنُ الْبَصْرِيُّ: كَانَ عَطَاءُ سَلْمَانَ خَمْسَةَ آلَافٍ، وَكَانَ أَمِيرًا عَلَى زُهَاءِ ثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَكَانَ يَخْطُبُ النَّاسَ فِي عَبَاءَةٍ يَفْتَرِشُ بَعْضَهَا وَيَلْبَسُ بَعْضَهَا، فَإِذَا خَرَجَ عَطَاؤُهُ أَمْضَاهُ، وَيَأْكُلُ مِنْ سَفِيفِ يَدَيْهِ. وَقَالَ عُبَادَةُ بْنُ نُسَيٍّ: كَانَ لِسَلْمَانَ خِبَاءٌ مِنْ عَبَاءٍ وَهُوَ أَمِيرُ النَّاسِ. وَعَنْ مَيْمُونِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ عَبْدِ الْقَيْسِ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ سَلْمَانَ فِي سَرِيَّةٍ هُوَ أَمِيرُهَا، عَلَى حِمَارٍ عَلَيْهِ سَرَاوِيلُ وَقَدَمَاهُ تُذَبْذِبَانِ، وَالْجُنْدُ يَقُولُونَ: قَدْ جَاءَ الْأَمِيرُ، فَقَالَ سَلْمَانُ: إِنَّمَا الْخَيْرُ وَالشَّرُّ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ. ذِكْرُ أَوْلَادِ سَلْمَانَ: تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً يُقَالُ لَهَا بُقَيْرَةُ. وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي دَاوُدَ: لِسَلْمَانَ ثَلَاثُ بَنَاتٍ، بِنْتٌ بِأَصْبَهَانَ، وَابْنَتَانِ بِمِصْرَ. ذِكْرُ وَفَاتِهِ: عَنْ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ أَشْيَاخِهِ، قَالَ: دَخَلَ سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ عَلَى سَلْمَانَ يَعُودُهُ، فَبَكَى سَلْمَانُ فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: مَا يُبْكِيكَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ؟ تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ عَنْكَ رَاضٍ، وَتَرِدُ عَلَيْهِ الْحَوْضَ، قَالَ: فَقَالَ سَلْمَانُ ؓ: أَمَا إِنِّي مَا أَبْكِي جَزَعًا مِنَ الْمَوْتِ وَلَا حِرْصًا عَلَى الدُّنْيَا، وَلَكِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَهِدَ إِلَيْنَا فَقَالَ: "لِيَكُنْ بُلْغَةُ أَحَدِكُمْ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا مِثْلَ زَادِ الرَّاكِبِ" وَحَوْلِي هَذِهِ الْأَسَاوِرُ. قَالَ: وَإِنَّمَا حَوْلَهُ إِجَّانَةٌ وَجَفْنَةٌ وَمَطْهَرَةٌ. قَالَ: فَقَالَ لَهُ سَعْدٌ: يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، اعْهَدْ إِلَيْنَا بِعَهْدٍ نَأْخُذُهُ بَعْدَكَ، فَقَالَ: يَا سَعْدُ، اذْكُرِ اللَّهَ عِنْدَ هَمِّكَ إِذَا هَمَمْتَ، وَعِنْدَ حُكْمِكَ إِذَا حَكَمْتَ، وَعِنْدَ يَدِكَ إِذَا قَسَمْتَ. وَلَمَّا اشْتَدَّ مَرَضُ سَلْمَانَ وَكَانَ قَدْ أَصَابَ صُرَّةَ مِسْكٍ يَوْمَ جَلُولَاءَ، فَقَالَ لَأَمْرَأَتِهِ هَاتِهَا، فَمَرَسَهَا فِي مَاءٍ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: انْضَحِيهَا حَوْلِي، فَإِنَّهُ يَأْتِينِي زُوَّارٌ الْآنَ يَجِدُونَ الرِّيحَ وَلَا يَأْكُلُونَ الطَّعَامَ، فَلَمْ يَمْكُثْ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا حَتَّى مَاتَ. عَاشَ سَلْمَانُ مِائَتَيْنِ وَخَمْسِينَ سَنَةً لَا يَشُكُّونَ فِي هَذَا وَبَعْضُهُمْ يَقُولُ: ثَلَاثَمِائَةٍ وَخَمْسِينَ.   وَقِيلَ إِنَّهُ أَدْرَكَ وَحْيَ عِيسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، وَالظَّاهِرُ أَنَّهُ تُوُفِّيَ فِي زَمَانِ عُثْمَانَ فِي سَنَةِ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَثَلَاثِينَ، وَقَدْ قِيلَ فِي سَنَةِ سِتٍّ وَثَلَاثِينَ، فَعَلَى هَذَا تَكُونُ وَفَاتُهُ فِي زَمَانِ عَلِيٍّ ؓ، وَالْأَوَّلُ أَصَحُّ. صَخْرُ بْنُ حَرْبِ بْنِ أُمَّيَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ صَخْرُ بْنُ حَرْبِ بْنِ أُمَّيَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، أَبُو سُفْيَانَ:   لَمْ يَزَلْ عَلَى الشِّرْكِ يَقُودُ الْجُمُوعَ لِقِتَالِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِلَى أَنَّ أَسْلَمَ يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ، وَكَانَ الْإِيمَانُ فِي قَلْبِهِ مُتَزَلْزِلًا، فَعُدَّ فِي الْمُؤَلِّفَةِ [قُلُوبُهُمْ]، ثُمَّ اسْتَقَرَّ إِيمَانُهُ وَقَوِيَ يَقِينُهُ، وَكَانَ قَدْ كَفَّ عَنِ الْقِتَالِ بَعْدَ الْخَنْدَقِ، وَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَدِيَّةً مِنْ تَمْرِ عَجْوَةٍ، وَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ يَسْتَهْدِيهِ أُدُمًا، فَقَبْلَ هَدِيَّتَهُ وَأَهْدَى إِلَيْهِ. قَالَ ابْنُ سَعْدٍ: قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ: وَشَهِدَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ الطَّائِفَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَرُمِيَ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَذَهَبَتْ إِحْدَى عَيْنَيْهِ. وَشَهِدَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ وَأَعْطَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ غَنَائِمِ حُنَيْنٍ مِائَةً مِنَ الْإِبِلِ وَأَرْبَعِينَ أُوقِيَّةً، وَأَعْطَى ابْنَيْهِ يَزِيدَ وَمُعَاوِيَةَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ: وَاللَّهِ إِنَّكَ لَكَرِيمٌ، فِدَاكَ أَبِي وَأُمِّي لَقَدْ حَارَبْتُكَ فَنِعْمَ الْمُحَارِبُ كُنْتَ، ثُمَّ سَالَمْتُكَ فَنَعِمَ الْمُسَالِمُ أَنْتَ، فَجَزَاكَ اللَّهُ خَيْرًا. قَالَ أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ: ثُمَّ عَمِيَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ. وَعَنْ مُبَشِّرِ بْنِ الْحُوَيْرِثِ، قَالَ: حَضَرْتُ يَوْمَ الْيَرْمُوكِ الْمَعْرَكَةَ فَلَا أَسْمَعُ لِلنَّاسِ كَلِمَةً وَلَا صَوْتًا إِلَّا نَقْفَ الْحَدِيدَ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضًا، إِلَّا أَنِّي قَدْ سَمِعْتُ صَائِحًا يَقُولُ: يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، يَوْمٌ مِنْ أَيَّامِ اللَّهِ أَبْلُوا لِلَّهِ فِيهِ بَلَاءً حَسَنًا، وَإِذَا هُوَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ تَحْتَ رَايَةِ ابْنِهِ يَزِيدَ. قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ: نَزَلَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ الْمَدِينَةَ فِي آخِرِ عُمْرِهِ، وَمَاتَ بِهَا سَنَةَ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَثَلَاثِينَ فِي آخِرِ خِلَافَةِ عُثْمَانَ، وَهُوَ يَوْمَ مَاتَ ابْنُ ثَمَانٍ وَثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً. الطُّفَيْلُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ الطُّفَيْلُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ  : شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَالْمَشَاهِدَ كُلَّهَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَتُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ سَبْعِينَ سَنَةً.عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ حُذَافَةَ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ سَهْمٍ السَّهْمِيُّ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ حُذَافَةَ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ سَهْمٍ السَّهْمِيُّ، أَخُو خُنَيْسٍ:   قَدِيمُ الْإِسْلَامِ بِمَكَّةَ، وَهَاجَرَ إِلَى الْحَبَشَةِ الْهِجْرَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ، وَبَعَثَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِكِتَابِهِ إِلَى كِسْرَى، وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى عَظِيمِ الْبَحْرَيْنِ، لِيَدْفَعَهُ عَظِيمُ الْبَحْرَيْنِ إِلَى كِسْرَى، فَقَرَأَهُ وَحَرَقَهُ. وَاخْتَلَفُوا هَلْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا أَمْ لَا، وَشَهِدَ فَتْحَ مِصْرَ، وَتُوُفِّيَ بِهَا، وَقَبْرُهُ فِي مَقْبَرَتِهَا. عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ نَضْلَةَ أَبُو بَرْزَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ نَضْلَةَ، أَبُو بَرْزَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ:   وَقَالَ قَوْمٌ: نَضْلَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ. أَسْلَمَ قَدِيمًا وَشَهِدَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَتْحَ مَكَّةَ، وَقَتَلَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ خَطَلٍ، وَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَغْزُو مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى قُبِضَ، فَتَحَوَّلَ فَنَزَلَ الْبَصْرَةَ حِينَ نَزَلَهَا الْمُسْلِمُونَ، ثُمَّ غَزَا خُرَاسَانَ فَمَاتَ بِهَا ؓ. عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ، أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ:   شَهِدَ الْعَقَبَةَ مَعَ السَّبْعِينَ، وَبَدْرًا وَالْمَشَاهِدَ كُلَّهَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَكَانَتْ مَعَهُ رَايَةُ بَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ فِي غَزَاةِ الْفَتْحِ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي رَأَى الْأَذَانَ. تُوُفِّيَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَرْبَعٍ وَتِسْعِينَ سَنَةً، وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ عُثْمَانُ ؓ. قُطْبَةُ بْنُ عَامِرِ بْنِ حَدِيدَةَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَوَادٍ أَبُو زَيْدٍ قُطْبَةُ بْنُ عَامِرِ بْنِ حَدِيدَةَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَوَادٍ، أَبُو زَيْدٍ  : شَهِدَ الْعَقَبَتَيْنِ، وَذُكِرَ فِي السِّتَّةِ الَّذِينَ أَسْلَمُوا أَوَّلَ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ  ، وَكَانَ مِنَ الرُّمَاةِ الْمَذْكُورِينَ. وَشَهِدَ بَدْرًا، وَرَمَى حَجَرًا بَيْنَ الصَّفَّيْنِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: لَا أَفِرُّ حَتَّى يَفِرَّ هَذَا الْحَجَرُ. وَشَهِدَ أُحُدًا وَالْمَشَاهِدَ كُلَّهَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَكَانَتْ مَعَهُ رَايَةُ بَنِي سَلَمَةَ فِي غَزْوَةِ الْفَتْحِ، وَجُرِحَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ تِسْعَ جِرَاحَاتٍ، وَبَعَثَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي عِشْرِينَ رَجُلًا إِلَى حَيٍّ مِنْ خَثْعَمٍ، فَقَاتَلُوهُ وَغَنِمَ. تُوُفِّيَ قُطْبَةُ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَلَمْ يُعَقِّبْ. كَعْبُ الْأَحْبَارِ بْنُ مَاتِعٍ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ كَعْبُ الْأَحْبَارِ بْنُ مَاتِعٍ، أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ  : كَانَ يَهُودِيًّا فَأَسْلَمَ وَقَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَسَكَنَ حِمْصَ، فَتُوُفِّيَ بِهَا فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. وَقَدْ أَسْنَدَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى عَمْرٍو، وَصُهَيْبٍ، وَعَائِشَةَ. مُعَيْقِيبُ بْنُ أَبِي فَاطِمَةَ الدَّوْسِيُّ مُعَيْقِيبُ بْنُ أَبِي فَاطِمَةَ الدَّوْسِيُّ، مِنَ الْأَزْدِ  : أَسْلَمَ بِمَكَّةَ قَدِيمًا، وَهَاجَرَ إِلَى الْحَبَشَةِ الْهِجْرَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ، وَقَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ بِخَيْبَرَ فَشَهِدَهَا، وَكَانَ عُمَرُ ؓ يَأْكُلُ مَعَهُ وَيَقُولُ: لَوْ كَانَ غَيْرُكَ مَا آكَلَنِي فِي صَحْفَةٍ، وَلَكَانَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ قَدْرُ رُمْحٍ. وَكَانَ إِذَا شَرِبَ مِنَ الْإِنَاءِ وَضَعَ عُمَرُ فَمَهُ مَوْضِعَ فَمِهِ فَيَشْرَبُ، وَكَانَ قَدْ أَسْرَعَ فِيهِ الْجُذَامُ، وَكَانَ عُمَرُ يَطْلُبُ لَهُ الطِّبَّ، فَقَدِمَ رَجُلَانِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ، فَقَالَ لَهُمَا: هَلْ عِنْدَكُمَا مِنْ طِبٍّ لِهَذَا الرَّجُلِ الصَّالِحِ؟ فَقَالَا: مَا شَيْءٌ يُذْهِبُهُ وَلَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِ، وَلَكِنَّا سَنُدَاوِيهِ دَوَاءً يُوقِفُهُ. فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: عَافِيَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ أَنْ يَقِفَ، قَالَا: هَلْ يَنْبُتُ بِأَرْضِكَ الْحَنْظَلُ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَا: فَاجْمَعْ لَنَا مِنْهُ، فَجَمَعَ مِنْهُ مِكْتَلَانِ، فَعَمَدَا إِلَى كُلِّ حَنْظَلَةٍ فَشَقَّاهَا شِقَّيْنِ، ثُمَّ أَضْجَعَا مُعَيْقِيبًا، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمَا بِإِحْدَى قَدَمَيْهِ، ثُمَّ جَعَلَا يَدْلُكَانِ بُطُونَ قَدَمَيْهِ بِالْحَنْظَلَةِ حَتَّى إِذَا أَمَحَقَتْ أَخَذَا الْأُخْرَى، وَجَعَلَ مُعَيْقِيبٌ يَتَنَخَّمُ أَخْضَرَ مُرًّا، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَاهُ، فَقَالَا لِعُمَرَ: لَا يَزِيدُ وَجَعُهُ. فَمَا زَالَ مُتَمَاسِكًا حَتَّى مَاتَ ؓ. مُعَضِّدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ أَبُو زِيَادٍ الْعِجْلِيُّ مُعَضِّدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، أَبُو زِيَادٍ الْعِجْلِيُّ  : كَانَ كَثِيرَ التَّعَبُّدِ، وَاسْتُشْهِدَ فِي غَزَاةٍ بَلَنْجَرَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ.

Translation

✧ Mention of the notables who died in this year Al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib Al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib b. Hāshim b. ʿAbd Manāf al-Qurashī al-Hāshimī, Abū al-Faḍl al-Makkī, the paternal uncle of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the father of the Abbasid caliphs. He was older than the Messenger of Allah ﷺ by two or three years. He was taken captive on the day of Badr and ransomed himself with wealth, and ransomed the two sons of his brothers: ʿAqīl b. Abī Ṭālib and Nawfal b. al-Ḥārith. We have mentioned that when he was taken captive and bound in fetters, and the people retired for the night, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was sleepless. It was said: 'O Messenger of Allah, what is the matter with you?' He said: 'I hear the groaning of al-ʿAbbās in his fetters, so I cannot sleep.' A man among the Muslims arose and loosened al-ʿAbbās's fetters until his groaning ceased, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ slept. Then he embraced Islam in the year of the conquest and went out to meet the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as far as al-Juḥfah, and returned with him and witnessed the conquest. It is said that he embraced Islam before that but remained in Makkah with the permission of the Prophet ﷺ for that, as is related in the ḥadīth. And Allah knows best. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to honor him, revere him, and accord him the station of a father to a son, and would say: 'This is the remnant of my forefathers.' He was among the most solicitous of men toward Quraysh and the most compassionate toward them. He was a man of sound judgment and complete intelligence, tall, handsome, fair-skinned, tender, with two plaits. He had ten sons besides daughters: Tammām—who was the youngest of them—al-Ḥārith, ʿAbd Allāh, ʿUbayd Allāh, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, ʿAwn, al-Faḍl, Qutham, Kathīr, and Maʿbad. He freed seventy slaves from his servants. Imam Aḥmad said: from Saʿīd b. al-Musayyab, from Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said concerning al-ʿAbbās: 'This is al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, the most generous of Quraysh in hand and the most solicitous.' It is transmitted only by him. It is established in the two Ṣaḥīḥs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to ʿUmar when he sent him to collect the zakāt and it was said: 'Ibn Jamīl, Khālid b. al-Walīd, and al-ʿAbbās the uncle of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ have withheld.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him: 'What does Ibn Jamīl resent except that he was poor and Allah made him rich? As for Khālid, you wrong Khālid; he has withheld his coats of mail and his war gear in the path of Allah. As for al-ʿAbbās, it is upon me and the like of it.' Then he said: 'O ʿUmar, do you not know that a man's paternal uncle is the equal of his father?' It is established in the Ṣaḥīḥ of al-Bukhārī from Anas that ʿUmar went out to pray for rain and brought al-ʿAbbās with him to seek rain through him, and said: 'O Allah, we used to seek intercession with You through our Prophet when we suffered drought, and You would send us rain; now we seek intercession with You through the uncle of our Prophet.' He said: 'And they were given rain.' It is said that ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb and ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān, when they passed by al-ʿAbbās while riding, would dismount out of respect for him. Al-Wāqidī and others said: Al-ʿAbbās died on Friday, twelve nights having passed of Rajab—or it is said of Ramaḍān—in the year thirty-two, at the age of eighty-eight. ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān prayed over him, and he was buried in al-Baqīʿ. It is also said he died in the year thirty-three, and it is said in the year thirty-four. His virtues and merits are very numerous. ʿAbd Allāh b. Masʿūd ʿAbd Allāh b. Masʿūd b. Ghāfil b. Ḥabīb b. Shamkh b. Fār b. Makhzūm b. Ṣāhilah b. Kāhil b. al-Ḥārith b. Tamīm b. Saʿd b. Hudhayl b. Mudrikah b. Ilyās b. Muḍar, Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Hudhalī, confederate of Banū Zuhrah. He embraced Islam early, before ʿUmar. The cause of his conversion was when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Abū Bakr ؓ passed by him while he was pasturing sheep, and they asked him for milk. He said: 'I am a trustee.' He said: Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ took a young she-goat that no male had mounted, and held it, then milked and drank and gave Abū Bakr to drink. Then he said to the udder: 'Shrink.' And it shrank. I said: 'Teach me from this supplication.' He said: 'You are a boy who has been taught'—the ḥadīth. Muḥammad b. Isḥāq related from Yaḥyā b. ʿUrwah from his father that Ibn Masʿūd was the first to recite the Qurʾān aloud in Makkah after the Prophet ﷺ, at the House while Quraysh were in their assemblies. He recited Sūrat al-Raḥmān: 'The Compassionate, He taught the Qurʾān' [al-Raḥmān: 1–2]. They rose against him and beat him. He attached himself to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he embraced Islam, and used to carry his sandals and his toothstick. He said to him: 'Your permission to me is that you hear my whisper.' For this reason he was called 'the companion of the toothstick and the whisper.' He emigrated to Abyssinia, then returned to Makkah, then emigrated to Madinah, and witnessed Badr. He is the one who killed Abū Jahl after the two sons of ʿAfrāʾ had disabled him. He witnessed the rest of the battles. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him one day: 'Recite to me.' I said: 'Shall I recite to you when it was revealed to you?' He said: 'I love to hear it from someone other than myself.' So he recited to him from the beginning of Sūrat al-Nisāʾ until His saying: 'How then when We bring from every community a witness, and bring you as a witness against these?' [al-Nisāʾ: 41]. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ wept and said: 'Enough.' Abū Mūsā said: My brother and I came from Yemen, and we thought that Ibn Masʿūd and his mother were of the Prophet's household ﷺ, because of their frequent entry into the Prophet's house ﷺ. Ḥudhayfah said: I have not seen anyone more like the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in his guidance, manner, and bearing than Ibn Masʿūd. The learned among the companions of Muḥammad ﷺ knew that Ibn Umm ʿAbd was the nearest of them to Allah in nearness. And in the ḥadīth: 'Hold fast to the covenant of Ibn Umm ʿAbd.' In the other ḥadīth narrated by Aḥmad from Muḥammad b. Fuḍayl from Mughīrah from Umm Mūsā from ʿAlī: Ibn Masʿūd climbed a tree to pick kabāth fruit, and the people began to marvel at the thinness of his legs. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'By Him in Whose hand is my soul, they are heavier in the balance than Uḥud.' ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb ؓ said, when he looked at his shortness—his stature was equal to those sitting—and followed him with his gaze, then said: 'He is a vessel filled with knowledge.' Ibn Masʿūd witnessed many great events after the Prophet ﷺ, among them al-Yarmūk and others. He had come from Iraq on pilgrimage and passed by al-Rabadhah, where he witnessed the death of Abū Dharr and buried him. Then he arrived in Madinah and fell ill there. ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān came to visit him, and it is related that he said to him: 'What do you complain of?' He said: 'My sins.' He said: 'What do you desire?' He said: 'The mercy of my Lord.' He said: 'Shall I order a physician for you?' He said: 'The Physician made me ill.' He said: 'Shall I order your stipend for you—for he had withheld it for two years?' He said: 'I have no need of it.' He said: 'It will be for your daughters after you.' He said: 'Do you fear poverty for my daughters? I have commanded my daughters to recite Sūrat al-Wāqiʿah every night, and I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: Whoever recites al-Wāqiʿah every night will never be afflicted by poverty.' ʿAbd Allāh b. Masʿūd appointed al-Zubayr b. al-ʿAwwām as his executor. It is said that he is the one who prayed over him at night, and then ʿUthmān reproached al-Zubayr for that. It is also said that ʿUthmān prayed over him, and it is said ʿAmmār. And Allah knows best. He was buried in al-Baqīʿ at the age of some sixty-odd years. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf b. ʿAbd ʿAwf b. ʿAbd al-Ḥārith b. Zuhrah b. Kilāb b. Murrah, Abū Muḥammad al-Qurashī al-Zuhrī. He embraced Islam early at the hands of Abū Bakr, and emigrated to Abyssinia and to Madinah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ established brotherhood between him and Saʿd b. al-Rabīʿ. He witnessed Badr and the battles after it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded him when he sent him to Banū Kalb, and let loose a forelock of hair between his shoulders as a sign of command over him. He is one of the ten who were promised Paradise, one of the eight who were the first to embrace Islam, one of the six members of the consultative council, then one of the three to whom the matter devolved from them, as we have mentioned. Then he was the one who strove to advance ʿUthmān ؓ. He and Khālid b. al-Walīd exchanged words in one of the expeditions, and Khālid spoke harshly to him. When that reached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he said: 'Do not revile my companions. By Him in Whose hand is my soul, if one of you were to spend the like of Uḥud in gold, he would not attain the measure of one of them, nor half of it.' It is in the Ṣaḥīḥ. Maʿmar said from al-Zuhrī: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf gave as charity in the time of the Prophet ﷺ half his wealth—four thousand—then he gave forty thousand, then forty thousand dinars, then he equipped five hundred horses in the path of Allah, then he equipped five hundred camels in the path of Allah. The greater part of his wealth came from trade. As for the ḥadīth related by ʿAbd b. Ḥumayd in his Musnad from Anas b. Mālik: When ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf emigrated, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ established brotherhood between him and ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān. He said to him: 'I have two orchards; choose whichever you wish.' He said: 'May Allah bless you in your two orchards. It is not for this that I embraced Islam. Show me the market.' He said: So he showed him. He used to buy clarified butter, cheese, and hides, and he accumulated wealth and married. He came to the Prophet ﷺ, and he said: 'May Allah bless you. Hold a wedding feast, even with a sheep.' He said: His wealth increased until seven hundred camels arrived carrying wheat, flour, and food. He said: When they entered Madinah, a commotion was heard among the people of Madinah. ʿĀʾishah said: 'What is this commotion?' It was said to her: 'A caravan has arrived for ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf—seven hundred carrying wheat, flour, and food.' ʿĀʾishah said: 'I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf will enter Paradise crawling.' When that reached ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, he said: 'I call you to witness, O mother, that it, with its loads, its saddlecloths, and its pack-saddles, is in the path of Allah.' Imam Aḥmad said: ʿAbd al-Ṣamad b. Ḥassān narrated to us: ʿUmārah—that is Ibn Zādhān—narrated to us from Thābit from Anas, who said: While ʿĀʾishah was in her house, she heard a sound in Madinah and said: 'What is this?' They said: 'A caravan of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf has arrived from Syria carrying everything.' He said: It was seven hundred camels. He said: Madinah trembled from the sound. ʿĀʾishah said: 'I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: I have seen ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf entering Paradise crawling.' That reached ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf, and he said: 'If I am able, I will certainly enter it upright.' He made it, with its pack-saddles and loads, in the path of Allah. It is established in the Ṣaḥīḥ that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed behind him the second rakʿah of the dawn prayer on one of the journeys. This is a great merit that cannot be rivaled. When death came to him, he bequeathed to every man of those who remained from the people of Badr four hundred dinars—and they were a hundred—and they took it, including ʿUthmān and ʿAlī. ʿAlī said: 'Go, O Ibn ʿAwf, for you have attained its clearness and outstripped its turbidity.' He bequeathed to each of the Mothers of the Believers a large sum, so that ʿĀʾishah used to say: 'May Allah give him drink from Salsabīl.' He freed a multitude of his slaves. Then, after all that, he left abundant wealth: among it gold that was cut with axes until the men's hands blistered, and he left a thousand camels, a hundred horses, and three thousand sheep grazing in al-Baqīʿ. His wives were four, and one of them was settled from the fourth of the eighth with eighty thousand. When he died, ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān prayed over him, and Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ carried his bier, and he was buried in al-Baqīʿ at the age of seventy-five. He was fair-skinned with a touch of redness, handsome of face, fine-skinned, wide-eyed, with long eyelashes, aquiline-nosed, with flowing hair, large-handed, thick-fingered. He did not dye his white hair, ؓ. Abū Dharr al-Ghifārī Abū Dharr al-Ghifārī, whose name was Jundub b. Junādah, according to the well-known opinion. He embraced Islam early in Makkah, being the fourth of four or the fifth of five. The story of his conversion has been given before the Hijrah. He was the first to greet the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with the greeting of Islam. Then he returned to his land and his people, and remained there until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ emigrated to Madinah. He emigrated after the Battle of the Trench, then attached himself to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in residence and travel, and related many ḥadīths from him. Many ḥadīths have come concerning his merit; among the most famous is what al-Aʿmash related from Abū al-Yaqẓān ʿUthmān b. ʿUmayr from Abū Ḥarb b. Abī al-Aswad from ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAmr: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'The green sky has not shaded, nor the dusty earth carried, one more truthful in speech than Abū Dharr.' There is weakness in it. Then when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died, and Abū Bakr died, he went out to Syria and remained there until disagreement occurred between him and Muʿāwiyah, and ʿUthmān summoned him to Madinah. Then he alighted at al-Rabadhah and stayed there until he died in Dhū al-Ḥijjah of this year. He had with him only his wife and children, and while they were thus, unable to bury him, ʿAbd Allāh b. Masʿūd arrived from Iraq with a group of his companions, and they attended his death and he enjoined them how to deal with him. It is said: They arrived after his death and undertook his washing and burial. He had ordered his family to cook a ewe from his sheep for them to eat after the death. ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān sent for his family and joined them to his own family. Al-Ḥuṣayn b. al-Ḥārith b. al-Muṭṭalib Al-Ḥuṣayn b. al-Ḥārith b. al-Muṭṭalib b. ʿAbd Manāf: He witnessed Badr and all the battles with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and died in this year. Salmān al-Fārisī Salmān al-Fārisī, known as Abū ʿAbd Allāh: From the people of the city of Iṣbahān. It is also said: from the people of Rāmahurmuz. He embraced Islam in the first year of the Hijrah. The first battle he witnessed with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was the day of the Trench. What prevented him from attending what was before that was that he was enslaved to a group of Jews, and they made a contract of manumission with him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ paid his contract and he was freed. He remained in Madinah until the Muslims raided Iraq, and he went out with them and attended the conquest of al-Madāʾin. ʿUmar appointed him over it, and he settled there until he died in it. His grave is now well-known. In the Ṣaḥīḥ from Salmān that he said: 'I passed from one master to another—more than ten—each for forty ūqiyyahs.' Anas related from the Prophet ﷺ that he said: 'Salmān is the forerunner of the Persians.' When he dug the Trench, he allotted forty cubits to every ten men. The Emigrants and the Helpers disputed about Salmān, for he was a strong man. The Emigrants said: 'Salmān is one of us,' and the Helpers said: 'No, rather he is one of us.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Salmān is one of us, the People of the House.' Al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī said: Salmān's stipend was five thousand, and he was commander over about thirty thousand Muslims. He would address the people wrapped in a cloak, spreading part of it beneath him and wearing part of it. When his stipend came out, he would give it away, and he would eat from the work of his own hands. ʿUbādah b. Nusayy said: Salmān had a tent of coarse wool even while he was commander of the people. From Maymūn b. Mihrān, from a man of ʿAbd al-Qays, who said: I saw Salmān in a military expedition over which he was commander, on a donkey wearing loose trousers, his feet dangling, while the soldiers were saying, "The commander has come." Salmān said, "Good and evil are only after today." Mention of Salmān's children: He married a woman called Buqayrah. Abū Bakr b. Abī Dāwūd said: Salmān had three daughters, one daughter in Iṣbahān and two daughters in Miṣr. Mention of his death: From Abū Sufyān, from his teachers, he said: Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ entered upon Salmān to visit him when he was ill. Salmān wept, and Saʿd said, "What makes you weep, O Abū ʿAbd Allāh? The Messenger of God ﷺ died pleased with you, and you will meet him at the Ḥawḍ." Salmān ؓ said, "Indeed, I do not weep out of dread of death nor out of desire for this world, but the Messenger of God ﷺ made a covenant with us, saying: 'Let the provision of any one of you from this world be like the provision of a rider.' And around me are these vessels." He said: Around him were only a washtub, a large bowl, and a water pot. He said: Saʿd said to him, "O Abū ʿAbd Allāh, give us a covenant we may take after you." He said, "O Saʿd, remember God at your concern when you are concerned, at your judgment when you judge, and at your hand when you distribute." When Salmān's illness became severe, he had obtained a pouch of musk on the day of Jalūlāʾ. He said to his wife, "Bring it," and he crushed it in water, then said, "Sprinkle it around me, for visitors will come to me now who will perceive the fragrance but will not eat food." It was only a short while until he died. Salmān lived two hundred and fifty years, they do not doubt this, and some of them say three hundred and fifty. It was said that he lived to the time of the revelation to Jesus ﷺ, but the evident view is that he died in the time of ʿUthmān in the year thirty-two, though it has also been said in the year thirty-six. On this latter view, his death would be in the time of ʿAlī ؓ, but the former is more correct. Ṣakhr b. Ḥarb b. Umayyah b. ʿAbd Shams b. ʿAbd Manāf Ṣakhr b. Ḥarb b. Umayyah b. ʿAbd Shams b. ʿAbd Manāf, Abū Sufyān: He remained upon polytheism, leading the armies to fight the Prophet ﷺ, until he became Muslim on the day of the conquest of Makkah. Faith was then unstable in his heart, so he was counted among those whose hearts were to be reconciled, but then his faith settled and his certainty grew strong. He had refrained from fighting after the Battle of the Trench. The Messenger of God ﷺ sent him a gift of ʿajwah dates and wrote to him asking him to send a condiment; he accepted his gift and sent him one in return. Ibn Saʿd said: Muḥammad b. ʿUmar said: Abū Sufyān was present at al-Ṭāʾif with the Messenger of God ﷺ, and he was struck by an arrow that day and lost one of his eyes. He was present on the day of Ḥunayn, and the Messenger of God ﷺ gave him from the spoils of Ḥunayn one hundred camels and forty ūqiyyahs, and he gave to his two sons Yazīd and Muʿāwiyah. Abū Sufyān said to him, "By God, you are indeed noble. May my father and mother be your ransom. I fought you, and what an excellent warrior you were; then I made peace with you, and what an excellent peacemaker you are. May God reward you well." Anas b. Mālik said: Then Abū Sufyān became blind after that. From Mubashshir b. al-Ḥuwayrith, who said: I was present at the battle of al-Yarmūk, and I heard from the people no word and no sound except the clashing of iron one against another, except that I heard a crier saying, "O assembly of Muslims, a day of the days of God: strive well in it for God!" And behold, it was Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb beneath the banner of his son Yazīd. Muḥammad b. ʿUmar said: Abū Sufyān settled in al-Madīnah at the end of his life, and died there in the year thirty-two at the end of the caliphate of ʿUthmān, and he was, on the day he died, eighty-eight years old. Al-Ṭufayl b. al-Ḥārith b. al-Muṭṭalib b. ʿAbd Manāf Al-Ṭufayl b. al-Ḥārith b. al-Muṭṭalib b. ʿAbd Manāf: He was present at Badr and all the battles with the Messenger of God ﷺ, and he died in this year at the age of seventy. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥudhāfah b. Qays b. ʿAdī b. Sahm al-Sahmī ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥudhāfah b. Qays b. ʿAdī b. Sahm al-Sahmī, the brother of Khunays: He was an early Muslim in Makkah and emigrated to Abyssinia in the second emigration. The Messenger of God ﷺ sent him with his letter to Chosroes, ordering him to deliver it to the governor of al-Baḥrayn so that the governor of al-Baḥrayn might deliver it to Chosroes, who read it and burned it. They disagreed as to whether he was present at Badr or not. He was present at the conquest of Miṣr and died there, and his grave is in its cemetery. ʿAbd Allāh b. Naḍlah, Abū Barzah al-Aslamī ʿAbd Allāh b. Naḍlah, Abū Barzah al-Aslamī: And some people said: Naḍlah b. ʿAbd Allāh. He became Muslim early and was present with the Messenger of God ﷺ at the conquest of Makkah, and he killed ʿAbd Allāh b. Khaṭal. He continued to go on military expeditions with the Messenger of God ﷺ until he passed away. Then he moved and settled in al-Baṣrah when the Muslims settled there, then he went on a campaign to Khurāsān and died there ؓ. ʿAbd Allāh b. Zayd b. ʿAbd Rabbih, Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh b. Zayd b. ʿAbd Rabbih, Abū Muḥammad: He was present at the ʿAqabah with the seventy, and at Badr and all the battles with the Messenger of God ﷺ. He carried the banner of Banū al-Ḥārith b. al-Khazraj in the expedition of the conquest, and he is the one who saw the call to prayer in a dream. He died in al-Madīnah in this year at the age of ninety-four, and ʿUthmān ؓ prayed over him. Quṭbah b. ʿĀmir b. Ḥadīdah b. ʿAmr b. Sawād, Abū Zayd Quṭbah b. ʿĀmir b. Ḥadīdah b. ʿAmr b. Sawād, Abū Zayd: He was present at the two ʿAqabahs and is mentioned among the six who were the first to become Muslim of the Anṣār. He was one of the renowned archers. He was present at Badr, and he threw a stone between the two rows, then said, "I will not flee until this stone flees." He was present at Uḥud and all the battles with the Messenger of God ﷺ. He carried the banner of Banū Salamah in the expedition of the conquest, and he was wounded on the day of Uḥud with nine wounds. The Messenger of God ﷺ sent him with twenty men to a tribe of Khathʿam; they fought him, and he took spoils. Quṭbah died in this year, leaving no descendants. Kaʿb al-Aḥbār b. Mātiʿ, Abū Isḥāq Kaʿb al-Aḥbār b. Mātiʿ, Abū Isḥāq: He was a Jew, then became Muslim and came to al-Madīnah. Then he went out to al-Shām and settled in Ḥimṣ, and died there in this year. He transmitted hadith from ʿAmr, Ṣuhayb, and ʿĀʾishah. Muʿayqīb b. Abī Fāṭimah al-Dawsī Muʿayqīb b. Abī Fāṭimah al-Dawsī, of the Azd: He became Muslim in Makkah early and emigrated to Abyssinia in the second emigration. He came to the Messenger of God ﷺ while he was at Khaybar and was present there. ʿUmar ؓ used to eat with him and say, "Were it anyone other than you, he would not have made me eat from one bowl, and there would have been a spear's length between me and him." When he drank from a vessel, ʿUmar would place his mouth where his mouth had been and drink. Leprosy had advanced quickly in him, and ʿUmar sought medicine for him. Two men from the people of Yemen arrived, and he said to them, "Do you have any medicine for this righteous man?" They said, "There is nothing that will remove it, nor can it be cured, but we will treat it with a medicine that will halt it." ʿUmar said, "It is a great well-being that it should halt." They said, "Does colocynth grow in your land?" He said, "Yes." They said, "Then gather some of it for us." He gathered two baskets of it. They took each colocynth fruit and split it into two halves, then laid Muʿayqīb down, and each man took one of his feet, then they began rubbing the soles of his feet with the colocynth until it was worn away, then took another, while Muʿayqīb spat out bitter green phlegm. Then they released him and said to ʿUmar, "His pain will not increase." He remained holding together until he died ؓ. Muʿaḍḍid b. Yazīd, Abū Ziyād al-ʿIjlī Muʿaḍḍid b. Yazīd, Abū Ziyād al-ʿIjlī: He was very devout, and he was martyred in the campaign of Balanjar in this year.

Grades by grader

No grade is recorded for this wording.